Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed You can maximize your learning by taking notes that summarize the key concepts; you should save these notes and review them. Use this document as an outline for your note-taking. You can fill in the fields on this interactive PDF digitally or print it out and write on paper. Key Terms These are the key terms and concepts covered in this lesson. After you have learned a term, take a moment to write out your own explanation of the term. Aerobic Anabolism Anaerobic ATP synthase Catabolism Cellular respiration Coupling Endergonic Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed Exergonic Fermentation Oxidative phosphorylation TCA cycle Key Molecules • Acetyl-CoA • ATP • Coenzyme A • FADH2 • Fatty acid • Glucose • Lactate • NADH Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed Key Reactions • Carboxylation • Phosphorylation • Redox • Reduction • Oxidation Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed Concept Video Notes Use the space below to jot down key points for each concept video. Attempt to make connections between the concepts explained in these videos and others already covered in the course. Are you unsure about any of the content? Coupling, Part 1 Reduction / Oxidation Coupling, Part 2 The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation, Part 1 Oxidative Phosphorylation, Part 2 Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed Learning Objectives After you have completed the lesson, go through the learning objectives again. Are you able to fill in a complete response to each learning objective? 1) Recall the key molecules and chemical reactions involved in the transfer of energy in cellular catabolism. 2) Recall that the sources of high energy electrons in catabolic pathways are usually reduced carbon backbones and provide examples. 3) Summarize the processes that lead to the generation of ATP from reduced carbon backbones. 4) Describe the different mechanisms by which cells “couple” thermodynamically favorable processes to thermodynamically unfavorable processes. 5) Explain why coupling is necessary for cellular function. 6) Predict the metabolic and organismal consequences of a specified perturbation to cellular catabolic pathways. Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed Summary Figures 1) This figure traces the conversion of carbon backbones from many different molecules through the TCA cycle. What happens to the carbon atoms in acetyl-CoA when it enters the TCA cycle? Where does all of the energy go? Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed 2) This figure depicts the movement of energy through the electron transport chain as the redox reactions catalyzed by each of these complexes occurs. What is the “original” source of the energy stored in NADH? Which processes are exergonic? Which reactions are coupled to an endergonic process? Share Your Notes Your notes will help the HMX team improve future courses. To share your completed Notepad, please email your PDF to hmxnotepad@hms.harvard.edu. Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College Biochemistry How Energy is Harnessed