ChBE 321 – Thermodynamics
Lecture 1: Syllabus & Chapter 1
Professor Hyunjoon Kong
hjkong06@illinois.edu
Syllabus
§ All course material will be on Compass:
https://compass2g.illinois.edu
§ Discussion sections: Friday at noon or 1 pm
§ Attend the section you are registered for!
§ It will start from 1/24!
§ Weekly homework assignments:
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Assigned on compass, 1 st homework due next Friday (Jan. 31)
Due in first 10 min of discussion section (late à score of zero)
Providing your name + section, and pages stapled = 1 bonus point!
Working together = OK; copying = cheating is NOT OK!!
§ Office hours:
§ TAs: Tue., Wed., & Thurs. in 308 Noyes (Check a schedule on syllabus)
§ Your professor: Tuesday 4 – 5:00 pm in 108 RAL
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The Book
“Introduction to Chemical
Engineering Thermodynamics”
Smith, Van Ness, and Abbot
(McGraw-Hill, 7th edition)
Potentially helpful supplement:
Schaum’s outline (~$15)
“Thermodynamics with chemical
applications”
(not the “for engineers” version!!)
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Open-ended Design Project
§ In several classes throughout the ChBE curriculum we are adding a projectoriented experience.
§ Your open-ended design project for ChBE 321 will be announced on
September.
§ Dr. Bennet and his teaching assistants will lead this.
§ More information at a later time
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Your Grade
In class exams
Problem sets
Open-ended design project
Final exam
Attendance
51%
8%
10%
26%
5%
§ No grade information will be communicated via e-mail by your Professor or your TAs.
§ Any unexcused HW, Exam, etc. receives a grade of zero
§ I will follow the departmental grading policy
Average – 2 SD = F
§ Assistance: Need academic disability assistance? Let me know!
§ Policy on cheating: http://chbe.illinois.edu/undergrad/guide_cheating.php Just don’t do it! You run
the risk of being kicked out of the program!
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Classroom Etiquette
- No TALKING TO/PLAYING WITH OTHERS DURING THE LECTURES !
- Turn off a cell phone and a notebook computer!
- Please do not leave early!
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Chapter 1
Introduction
Thermodynamics: Bookkeeping of energy transfer
(heat or work, so Q+W) across boundaries
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1.1 – Scope of Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics and Biology
Biomineral
Cancer
System
§ Body of Matter: It’s Thermodynamic State is defined by Macroscopic
Properties
These depend on fundamental dimensions of science:
§ Length
§ Time
§ Mass
§ Temperature
§ Amount
Dimensions & Units (recall from prior courses!!)
§ Primary units of SI System:
§ English Engineering System:
s
kg
ft
m
lbm
K mole
lbf
……
à Conversion Factors: See appendix A
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Amount / Size; Force; Temperature
§ Intensive Variables: Independent of system size
Just a function of T, P, composition
Specific Volume: V ≡ Vt / m
Molar Volume:
with m = mass
V ≡ Vt / n
Vt = total volume
n = moles
§ Force: F = m.a (so a derived unit)
SI: [N] = [kg.m/s2]
vs.
English Eng System (see book)
§ Temperature: Various scales – you need to know!
§ SI: Kelvin, Celsius
§ English: Rankine, Fahrenheit
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Pressure
§ Normal force of material on surface of certain area
P = F/A
§ Note: Absolute pressure vs. gauge pressure (difference)
§ All kinds of units: torr, atm, bar, Pa
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Work
§ Defined as: Force acting over a certain distance
dW = F dL
Thermo: often PV work due to expansion / compression
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Work is Energy in Transit
W
SYSTEM
its own E
SURROUNDINGS
its own E
§ W does not reside in a system
§ Ek and Ep do reside in a system
HEAT (Q)
Like work, it is energy in transit
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Paths and Work
§ PV diagram for a compression
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Area under graph = W
= - ∫ PexternaldV
P
Convention on signs:
1
V
§ Units for Work:
§ SI:
[J] = [N.m]
§ Eng: [ft.lbf]
Compression: Applied force &
displacement in same direction
à Work is POSITIVE
Expansion: Work is
NEGATIVE
Work is PATH dependent !
Will discuss later
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Energy
§ Kinetic: dW = F.dL = m.a.dL = m.u.du
integrate: W = ∆ (½m.u2) = Ek2 – Ek1
So Ek = ½ m.u2
§ Potential: dW = F.dL = Fg.dz = m.g.dz
integrate: W = m.g.∆z = Ep2 – Ep1
So Ep = mzg
§ Energy Conservation:
DU + DEp + DEk = Q-W
Q
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Summary
§ Covered Chapter 1:
è TO DO: Read Chapter 1
§ Dimensions, units
§ Work, energy, heat
§ Make sure to attend the discussion section you are signed up for. We will
check!
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Systematic Problem Solving
1. State briefly all information given
2. State the information to be found, e.g. Find Q.
3. Draw a schematic of the process or system
Now think of appropriate strategy or steps to solve
4. State the basic laws you consider necessary to solve
the problem
5. List appropriate simplifying assumptions
6. Complete algebraic analysis without substituting values!!
7. Substitute numerical values (units!) à Answer
8. Check answer (reasonable?) & Label answer
After: Fox, McDonald, Pritchard: “Introduction to Fluid Mechanics”, Wiley
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