Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND EXTENSIONS
MARAGONDON BRANCH
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
FOR
GEED 10063
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Compiled by:
Checked by:
Inst. Jeral-gie R. Castañas
Faculty
Assoc. Prof. Ayreenlee E. Resus
Chairman
Committee on Instructional Materials
Date:
Date:
Approved by:
Dr. Agnes Y. Gonzaga
Head, Academic Programs
Assoc. Prof. Denise A. Abril
Director
Date:
Date:
i
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. This module will help you become an
effective learner and successfully meet the requirements of the course. You will discover that you
can learn in a very challenging way at your own pace.
THE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
VISION
PUP: The National Polytechnic University
MISSION
Ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities
through a re-engineered polytechnic university by committing to:






provide democratized access to educational opportunities for the holistic development of
individuals with global perspective
offer industry-oriented curricula that produce highly-skilled professionals with managerial
and technical capabilities and a strong sense of public service for nation building
embed a culture of research and innovation
continuously develop faculty and employees with the highest level of professionalism
engage public and private institutions and other stakeholders for the attainment of social
development goal
establish a strong presence and impact in the international academic community
PHILOSOPHY
As a state university, the Polytechnic University of the Philippines believes that:
 Education is an instrument for the development of the citizenry and for the enhancement
of nation building; and
 That meaningful growth and transmission of the country are best achieved in an
atmosphere of brotherhood, peace, freedom, justice and nationalist-oriented education
imbued with the spirit of humanist internationalism.
ii
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
TEN PILLARS
Pillar 1: Dynamic, Transformational, and Responsible Leadership
Pillar 2: Responsive and Innovative Curricula and Instruction
Pillar 3: Enabling and Productive Learning Environment
Pillar 4: Holistic Student Development and Engagement
Pillar 5: Empowered Faculty Members and Employees
Pillar 6: Vigorous Research Production and Utilization
Pillar 7: Global Academic Standards and Excellence
Pillar 8: Synergistic, Productive, Strategic Networks and Partnerships
Pillar 9: Active and Sustained Stakeholders’ Engagement
Pillar 10: Sustainable Social Development Programs and Projects
SHARED VALUES AND PRINCIPLES








Integrity and Accountability
Nationalism
Spirituality
Passion for Learning and Innovation
Inclusivity
Respect for Human Rights and The Environment
Excellence
Democracy
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
MARAGONDON BRANCH
GOALS










Quality and excellent graduates
Empowered faculty members
Relevant curricula
Efficient administration
Development – oriented researches
State-of-the-art physical facilities and laboratories
Profitable income – generating programs
Innovative instruction
ICT – driven library
Strong local and international linkage
iii
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
PROGRAM OBJECTIVES




Provide complete understanding on the concepts, principles, and theories of Information
Communication Technology
Develop the students to become more competent and confident users of technology who
can use the basic knowledge and skills acquired to assist them in their daily lives and
once employed.
Assist the students to gain knowledge on the use of software applications and how to
adapt the inevitable future changes.
Develop researchers with quality output related to the field.
GEED 20093
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COURSE DESCRIPTION
COURSE TITLE
COURSE CODE
COURSE CREDIT
PRE-REQUESITE
: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
: GEED 20093
: 3 units
: NONE
This course is designed to develop the students communicative competence and
enhances their cultural and intercultural awareness through multimodal tasks that provide the
opportunities for communicating effectively and appropriately to multicultural audience in local or
global contexts with focus on the effective use of the ICT related contextual elements, It equips
students with tools for critical evaluation of variety of texts and focuses on the power of language
and the impact of images to emphasize the importance of conveying messages responsibly. The
knowledge, skills, and insights that students gain from this course maybe used in their other
academic endeavors , their chosen disciplines, and their future careers as they compose and
produce relevant oral, written, audio-visual and/or web-based output for various purposes..
iv
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
COURSE OBJECTIVES
After this course, the students should be able to:
1. Discuss the different topics on effective communication, as well as other perspectives about
its various forms and manifestations, plays in today's dynamic, multicultural setting.
2. Apply the skills, knowledge and attributes acquired to develop vital communication
competencies, enabling them to become effective, efficient and ethical global communicators
that will aid them in landing interesting and rewarding careers.
3. Demonstrate appreciation and value of the importance of purposive communication and its
role in today’s world as part of their personal and professional endeavors.
Students are expected to come up with critical evaluation of purposive communication in
groups or individual reports. At the end of this term, students will submit an academic paper
that integrates what was learned in this class.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
The course requirements are as follows:
1. All students are encouraged to attend the online class sessions regularly. Both online and
offline students should complete all the requirements needed. The University guidelines on
attendance will be implemented.
2. The course is expected to have a minimum of four (4) quizzes and two (2) major examinations
(Midterm and Final Examination)
3. The student should have a portfolio to write all the written outputs on exercises, assignments
and the likes. All requirements are to be submitted on the due dates set by the teacher.
Note: Some activities will be rated using the Rubrics.
v
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
GRADING SYSTEM
The grading system will determine if the student passed or failed the course. There will be two (2)
grading periods: Midterm and Final Period. Each period has components of 70% Class Standing
and 30% Major Examination. Final Grade will be the average of the two periodical grades.
Midterm
Class Standing
 Quizzes
 Activities
 Portfolio
Mid-term Examination
Finals
70%
30%
Class Standing
 Quizzes
 Activities
 Portfolio
Final Examination
70%
30%
FINAL GRADE = (Midterm + Finals) /2
RUBRICS:
Criteria
Outstanding
5.0-4.5
Very Good
4.0-3.0
Average
2.5-1.5
Poor
1.0
Completeness
Complete in all
aspects and
include all
requirements
Complete in some
aspects and
includes most of the
requirements
Incomplete in many
aspects and includes few
requirements
Incomplete and does
not include
requirements
Analysis and
Use of the
Entrepreneurial
Concepts and
Business Tools
Presents an
insightful and indepth analysis of
all data, uses
many
entrepreneurial
concepts and
business tools
learned in the
subject.
Presents an
insightful and
analysis of most of
the data, uses some
entrepreneurial
concepts and
business tools
learned in the
subject.
Presents shallow
analysis of data and uses
limited entrepreneurial
concepts and business
tools learned in the
subject.
Presents incomplete
analysis of data and
fails to use
entrepreneurial
concepts and
business tools
learned in the subject.
Setting of
recommendatio
n for future
action plans
Presents
complete,
realistic, and
applicable
recommendations
from and shows
how to use it in
their future action
plans
Presents specific,
realistic, and
applicable
recommendations
from the data
gathered, and
shows how to use it
in their future action
plans
Presents some
applicable
recommendations from
the data gathered, and
shows how to use it in
their future action plans
Presents limited,
unrealistic,
recommendations
from the data
gathered, and failed
to show how to use it
in their future action
plans.
vi
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
COURSE GUIDE
Wk
Topic
1
PUP and its
VMGO
Course
Description,
Objectives,
Methodology,
Requirements,
Class Rules,
Grading System
Communicatin
g Effectively in
a Multicultural
World
The Verbal and
Non-verbal
Communication
in Various
Contexts
Show appreciation of PUP and
its VMGO
Show appreciation of the
importance of the Course;
Appreciate the requirements;
rules; grading system.
Orientation
Define Communication as well
as Purposive Communication
Describe the nature and
functions of verbal and
nonverbal communication in
various multicultural contexts of
languages of different countries
Appreciate the importance of
communication
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Process,
Principles and
Ethics of
Effective
Understand the Process of
communication
Analyze the principles, of
communication
Characterize the ethical
standards of communication
Adapt the new trends in
communication with the global
neighbors.
Distinguish cultural practices
and characteristics that help
shape communication
Enhance ability to communicate
with people from diverse
cultures
Appreciate and adapt some
communication skills of other
cultures
Visual
Presentation
1
2-3
4
Communicating
in Multicultural
Settings
Learning Outcomes
Methodology
Lecture
Discussion
Resources
Assessment
PUP
Student
Handbook.
Course
Syllabus
Statement of
appreciation
Statement of
Expectations
Course
Syllabus
reviewed and
accepted
Please see
references
provided for
each
lesson.
Note: All written
outputs should
be written in the
Student’s
portfolio
Conceptualization
Discussion
of what is
Communication
Class
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Discussion
Quiz
vii
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
5
6
Understanding
Communicatio
n in the Digital
Age
Cultural and
Global Issues
on
Communication
and its Impact
The Impact of
Communication
on Society and
the World
7
Varieties and
Registers of
Spoken and
Written
Language
8
Exploring Tools
for Local and
Global
Communication
Evaluating Texts
that Use Words
and Images
9
10
Identify intercultural issues in
communication
Distinguish prevailing reasons of
global communication issues
Reflect on the great impact of
global miscommunication
Familiarize with different
communication portals
Know the pros and cons of using
social media platforms
Understand the various Social
media influences
Categorize varieties and
registers of spoken and written
languages
Differentiate the functions of
spoken to written language
Familiarize with variations and
registers of the spoken and
written communication
Define “text” in different
contexts
Know the difference of text using
words from text using images
Value the importance of both
texts in social media
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Utilize communication aids in
Communication
everyday communication
Aids and
Strategies
Understanding
and Analyzing
Tools of
Technology
11
Realize man’s role in coping
with communication needs in
this fast changing times
Communicating
Strategically for
Various
Purposes
Obtaining and
Disseminating
Utilize communication strategies
in everyday communication
Appreciate the importance of
technology tools in
communication
Apply the skills in obtaining
information
Know the proper dissemination
of information
Identify the right information in
communication
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Quiz
Critic paper
Video
presentation
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Critic paper
Critic paper
Critic paper
Critic paper
G -classroom
Video
watching
Discussion
Modular
Approach
G -classroom
Video
watching
Discussion
Critic paper
viii
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
12
13
14
Information
Effectively
Expressing an
Opinion and
Taking a Stand
on an Issue
Developing
Communicatio
n Materials for
the Workplace
Communicating
with Members of
Workplace
Effectively
Persuading your
Audience and
Handling
Objections
Strategically
Express opinion freely and
effectively
Establish skills on standing on
an issue
Appreciate the importance of
expressing an opinion and
taking a stand on an issue
Apply effective communication
in workplaces
Understand the purpose of
communication
Designing
Tools for
Academic
Papers
Writing the
Academic Paper
17
Documentation
Video
presentation
Define persuasive
communication
Discussion
Modular
Approach
G -classroom
Apply strategies on handling
objections
Familiarize with the process of
writing an academic paper
Identify the technology tools
needed when writing an
academic paper
Appreciate the purpose of an
academic paper
Define plagiarism
Apply proper procedures in
documenting a school paper
Value the importance of
documenting an academic paper
18
Discussion
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Examine the importance
communication in a workplace
Appreciate the importance of
knowing your audience
1516
Modular
Approach
Google
classroom
Video
presentation
Critic paper
Critic paper
Critic paper
Video
watching
Discussion
Modular
Approach
G–
classroom
Video
watching
Critic paper
Discussion
Modular
Approach
G -classroom
Video
watching
Discussion
FINAL EXAMINATION
ix
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Topic
Page
Introduction
LESSON 1
ii
Communicating Effectively in a Multicultural World
Unit 1: The Verbal and Non-verbal Communication in Various
Contexts
Unit 2: Process, Principles and Ethics of Effective Communication
Unit 3: Communicating in Multicultural Settings
LESSON 2
18
20
Communicating Strategically for Various Purposes
Unit 1: Obtaining and Disseminating Information Effectively
Unit 2: Expressing an Opinion and Taking a Stand on an Issue
LESSON 5
10
13
15
Exploring Tools for Local and Global Communication
Unit 1: Evaluating Texts that Use Words and Images
Unit 2: Communication Aids and Strategies: Understanding and
Analyzing Tools of Technology
LESSON 4
4
8
Understanding Communication in the Digital Age
Unit 1: Cultural and Global Issues on Communication and its Impact
Unit 2: The Impact of Communication on Society and the World
Unit 3: Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language
LESSON 3
1
24
27
Developing Communication Materials for the Workplace
Unit 1: Communicating with Members of Workplace Effectively
29
Unit 2: Persuading your Audience and Handling Objections Strategically 32
LESSON 6
Designing Tools for Academic Papers
Unit 1: Writing the Academic Paper
Unit 2: Documentation
References
34
39
43
x
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: JERAL-GIE R. CASTAÑAS, LPT
LESSON 1 – Communicating Effectively in a Multicultural World
Unit 1 – The Verbal and Non-verbal Communication in Various Contexts
Overview:
This lesson focuses on verbal and non-verbal form of communication, its nature and its functions
and the importance of communication in various multicultural contexts.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define communication, its nature and its forms
2. Differentiate functions of verbal from non-verbal communication
3. Appreciate the importance of communication in various multicultural contexts.
Course Materials:
Motivation:
The multicultural communication concentration focuses on the dynamics of communication across
cultures. It explores not only what happens when people of two different cultures meet abut also
what happens when people from a variety of cultures and ethnicities come together in one
organization, community or country. (Source - https://communication.depaul.edu)
Lecture/Discussion:
Communication: An Overview
Nature of communication
According to Wikipedia, Communication (from Latin "communis" which means
"commons") To be common means "to come together" or "to commune" meaning to share
something in common. Communication is the act of conveying messages from one entity or group
to another through the use of mutually understood signs, symbols and semiotic rules.
The channel of communication can be visual, auditory, tactile/haptic (example - Braille
system), olfactory, electromagnetic, or biochemical. Human communication is unique for its
extensive use of abstract language. The purpose of communication is to hear and be heard. As
Paul Watzlawick's law says "You cannot not communicate." (Source - https://en.m.wikipedia.org)
When we communicate, we send messages that are received and understood through
the symbols that are used. These symbols are shared in a specific culture, they maybe verbal
1
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
such as spoken or written words or non verbal such as gestures, facial expressions, and
appearances.
Responding to these symbols used in meaningful communication through various
appropriate channels fulfills its purpose of making connections. (Source - www.quora.com )
Purposive communication is about writing, speaking and presenting to different audiences
and for various reasons/purposes. (Source - https://ched.gov.ph)
Purposive communication is a systematic arrangement of symbols used by individuals to
create a meaning. It serves five major purpose: to inform, to express feelings, to imagine, to
Influence and to meet social expectations. Each of these purposes is reflected in a form
of communication. (Source - www.quora.com )
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
Verbal Communication is the spoken or written conveyance of a message. It is the use of
sounds and words to express a feeling. speaking, presenting verbally or by exchange of words
use in this kind of communication.
Example: Saying no when someone ask you to do something you do not want.
Non verbal communication describes the processes of conveying a type of information in
a form of non-linguistic representations. This prefers a material to communicate like writing. This
is also called manual language because it is the process of sending and receiving messages
without using words.
Example: You decided to inform your best friend by texting her that you cannot come to
her house today.
Examples of non-verbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic
communication, gestures, body language, facial expressions, eye contact,etc.
(Source - https://en.m.wikipedia.org)
Visual communication - you use drawings or pictures that can visually explain what you
want to convey. Most people rely to this because it uses signs, graphic designs and countless
other examples. They also found it to be the oldest form of communication.
Example. Power point presentation for meeting is a great opportunity to up your visual
communication game.
(Source - https://brainly.ph)
2
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Ways to Improve your Everyday Communication
1. Keep it simple.
2. Eliminate technical jargon.
3. Be concise, but not too concise.
4. Avoid abbreviation and acronyms
5. Reduce the use of canned phrases
6. Be concrete
7. Be conversational
(Source -www.weforum.org)
Activities/Assessment:
Written Activity:
Answer the following questions briefly:




In your own words, What is Communication? Purposive Communication?
As an ICT student, why do you need to learn Purposive Communication?
Differentiate verbal from non-verbal communication?
How can you improve your everyday communication?
Assignment:
Illustrate the communication process through a diagram and explain in your own words
how a process of sending messages to a receiver be effective and successful. Submission next
meeting and turn it in Google classroom.
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an
imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar
Publishing Inc. 2018
https://communication.depaul.edu
https://en.m.wikipedia.org
www.quora.com
https://ched.gov.ph
https://brainly.ph
www.weforum.org
Unit 2 – Process, Principles and Ethics of Effective Communication
3
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Overview:
This lesson clarifies the principles of communication and its process as well as the knowledge of
ethics of effective communication.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Analyze the principles of communication.
2. Understand the process of communication
3. Characterize the ethical standards of communicating effectively
Course Materials:
Process of Communication
Communication is a process of exchanging verbal and non-verbal messages. It is a continuous
process.
1. Encoding - is everything that goes inside the brain of an individual
- involves the sender who, grounded by communicative intentions and goals,
decides on assigning codes.
- it is a systematic arrangement of symbols used by individuals to create meaning.
2. Transmission - is the process by which the sender, having assigned codes to come up with
thought symbols (message) that are also comprehensible by the participants of the
communication, transmits or sends message to its recipient.
3. Receiving - having been submitted through sound waves and light waves, it comes from the
sender then reaches the receiver. it is assumed that the receiver's attention is to focus
on the communication at hand to facilitate better understanding of the message
transported by the sender.
4. Decoding - is the process by which the receiver interprets or assigns meanings to the codes
transported by the source. The receiver tries to give meanings to these symbols which
may be literal or may give associations depending on knowledge and/or experience.
5. Responding - response is anticipated by the sender from the receiver. Also called as
feedback.
Components of Communication Process
1. Sender- the one who initiates the communication
4
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
2. Receiver - provides the sender with feedback which may prompt the sender to clarify the
message or signal to carry on as planned.
3. Message - is made up of the ideas and feelings that a sender-receiver wants to share with
others.
a. Verbal symbols - expressed through words
b. Non-verbal symbols - expressed through gestures, inflection, tone, etc.
4. Channel - are means through which we transmit the message in either vocal or non-vocal
messages.
a. Vocal messages - are verbal and spoken
b. Non-vocal messages - may be expressed in words or non-verbal symbols.
5. Feedback - the behavioral response of the sender-receiver to each other. It is the information
that comes back to the sender of the message and informs how well the message is getting
through.
6. Environment - the place, the feeling, the mood, the mindset and the condition of both
communicators, sender and receiver.
Noise -an interference that bars the message from being understood or interpreted.
1. External noise - comes from the physical environment
2. Internal noise - confined within the psychological and strategicalnature of individuals
thoughts and feelings are engrossed on something other than the communication skills.
7. Context - involves the expectations of the sender and the receiver and the common or
shared understanding through the environmental signals.
a. Physical context - the physical environment where the communication takes place.
b. Social context - refers to the relationship the participants hold for each other.
c. Psychological context - which has to do with the moods and emotions of the
communicators at the moment of communication.
8. Interference - the barrier or block that prevents effective communication to take place.
a. Psychological barriers - hampering thoughts
b. Physical barriers - stimulus like weather, climate health and ignorance
c. Linguistic barriers - different culture and language
d. Mechanical barriers - communication issues like connectivity and electric power outage.
Types of Communication
1. Intrapersonal communication - operates within the communicator himself.
Example -what to wear for the day, what activities to engage, reflecting different situations,
talking to oneself
5
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
2 .Interpersonal communication - occurs between two or more people
Examples - private conversations with friends, interview with prospective employer,
simple group meetings.
(Source - https://www.studocu.com)
Principles of Effective Communication
1. Courtesy - builds goodwill. It involves being polite in terms of approach and manner of
addressing an individual.
2. Clarity - makes speech understandable. Unclear language is absolutely forbidden. Jargons,
cliche, expressions ephemisms, and doublespeak languages must be avoided.
3. Conciseness - simplicity and directness help you to be concise. Avoid using lengthy
expressions and words that may confuse the recipient.
4. Completeness- each message must have a clear and logical conclusions
5. Correctness - glaring mistakes in grammar obscure the meaning of a sentence. Misuse of
language can damage your credibility.
6. Concreteness - reduces misunderstanding. It must be supported by facts such as research
data, statistics or figures. To achieve concreteness, abstract words must be avoided.
7. Creativity - means having the ability to craft interesting messages in terms of sentence
structure and word choice
8. Consideration - sender must consider the receiver's profession, level of education, race,
ethnicity, hobbies, interests, passion, advocacies and age when delivering or drafting a
message.
9. Cultural sensitivity- emphasis must be given to empower diverse cultures, lifestyles and
races as well as the pursuit for gender equality and cultural sensitivity
10. Captivating - sender must strive to make a message interesting to attract better responses
and attention from the receivers.
Ethical Standards Used in Communication
Ethics - or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending and
recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. It seeks to resolve questions of human
morality by defining concepts such as good and evil, right and wrong, virtue and vice, justice and
crime. (Source - https://en.m.wikipedia.org)
6
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Ethical Rules to Consider in Communication
1. Respect the audience/receiver of information
2. Consideration in the result of communication
3. Truth of the information must be valued at all times
4. Only correct information must be obtained and disseminated.
5. No falsification or bending of the true information
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #1- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Wrapping up the lesson by asking the following questions:
1. Enumerate the components of communication and explain the functions of each?
2. What are the principles of effective communication? Elaborate on their importance.
3. Differentiate the two types of communication
4. Define ethics and cite the ethical rules in communication.
Assignment:
Watch a supplemental video via You Tube – A Skype video interview with a foreigner employer.
Send using your email, any kind of letter to your foreign employer. Be it an application letter or
letter of resignation, reassignment or reemployment.
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.studocu.com
https://en.m.wikipedia.org
7
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Unit 3 – Communicating in Multicultural Settings
Overview:
This lesson explains the unique cultural characteristics and practices that help shapes
communication in a global setting.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Distinguish cultural practices and characteristics that shape communication
2. Enhance your ability to communicate with people from diverse cultures.
3. Appreciate and adapt some communicating skills of of other cultures
Course Materials:
Motivation:
Every intellectual is much acquainted with the conversant fact that "the world is becoming
a global village." Communicating in multicultural settings refers to communication climate of
different countries when using their mother tongue and their language as lingua franca.
When engaging in a multicultural setting, one should try to consider determining culturally
and politically-appropriate terms as well as expressions. and images addressing sensitivity to
gender, race, class etc. (Source: )www.quora.com
Lecture/Discussion:
Globalization – or globalization is the process of interaction and integration among people,
companies and governments worldwide. As a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, it is
primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that is associated with social and
cultural aspects. (Source - https://en.m.wikipedia.org)
Global culture is culture which transcends national borders and exists in many different
places around the world. All of these may influence people's way of thinking all around the world
and act as socialization agents, In doing so, they transfer values and beliefs from one culture to
the other.
Global community refers to the people or nations of the world, considered as being closely
connected by modern telecommunications and as being economically, socially, and politically
interdependent. Examples: Major offices and some homes linked with optical fiber system, .global
multimedia services and satellite transmissions. We can say now that we belong to local and
global community in multicultural settings made possible as a result of the advancements of
modern technology. (Source - www.quora.com)
8
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
How Communication Shapes Culture and Vice-versa
Communication is a cultural practice like any other, shaped to a large degree by personal
experience and tradition. Each culture often uses a particular language, though there is not a oneto-one correspondence, think of how many cultures have used a second language like English,
French or any language for communication.
When people from multiple backgrounds with different ways of communication, coexist
without really interacting deeply, that is multicultural communication situation.
Like multicultural communication, intercultural communication acknowledges the
coexistence of multiple cultures in a single space, be it physical or virtual. Training in language is
one integral part. By being aware as an active participant in multiple cultures, one can enrich his
own global perspective. Cross cultural communication on the other hand, is the comparison
between two or more cultures and most useful for workers who are planning to relocate abroad.
(Source - www.scholar.google.com)
Advantages of Communication in a Global Setting
1. Intercultural competence in communication resulting in productivity and
work
2. Promotes teamwork because backgrounds do not matter
3. Global edge in business and familiarization of global market
4. Understanding foreign audience benefitting effective leadership skills
(Source - www.theclassroom.com)
proficiency at
Possible Cultural Barriers to Effective Communication in a Global Environment
1. Cultural relativism
2. Lack of knowledge of other's culture
3. Discrimination and harassment
4. Language differences
Strategies to Become an Effective Global Communicator
1. Reviewing communication principles
2. Analyzing the message receiver
3. Accepting other cultures
4. Learning their cultures and applying what is learned
5. Considering language needs
(Source - Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based
Lorimar Publishing Inc. 2018)
Activities/Assessment:
Discuss the lesson and illustrate by examples. Call on some students to wrap up the day’s lesson.
1. What is globalization?
2. What do you mean by communication in a multicultural setting?
9
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
3. How is communication shaped to be in sync with global village?
4. Explain the advantages of communication in global community?
5. Enumerate the cultural barriers met in a global environment.
6. What are the strategies on how to become an effective global communicator?
Assignment:
Send a job application video of yourself. Assuming you have graduated two years or three years
ago and you are applying for a job position abroad. Take note of an online job application
protocols. Turn in all your outputs on Google Classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an
imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar
Publishing Inc. 2018
https://en.m.wikipedia.org
www.scholar.google.com
www.theclassroom.com
www.quora.com
LESSON 2 - Understanding Communication in the Digital Age
Unit 1 – Cultural and Global Issues on Communication and its Impact
Overview:
This lesson tackles cultural and global issues on communication and its big impact on our daily
existence in this world.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Distinguish intercultural issues concerning communication
2. Discuss the prevailing reasons on global communication issues and how to resolve those
problems
3. Reflect on the great impact of miscommunication in our lives and how to prevent it
10
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Course Materials:
Motivation:
According to Mitchell Roshong, 2019, leaders need to adapt their communication styles
to be more dynamic in the digital age. The sharing of information, news or other reporting data is
now in real time and global. Social media platforms improve concise external communication by
following character limits that highlight key points with hashtags or key people with @ symbol.
source - https://www.sfmagazine.com
Lecture/Discussion:
Intercultural communication refers to interaction with people from diverse cultures (Jandt, 1998)
Forms of intercultural communication
1. Interracial communication - communicating with people from different
races
2. International communication - communicating between representatives from different
nations
3. Intra-cultural communication - interacting with members of the same racial or ethnic group
or co-culture.
Issues on intercultural communication
Linguistic competence is an important part of intercultural communication. It requires
understanding and perception of different cultures. Effective intercultural communication is a vital
skill, along with the language knowledge, for the multinational countries, companies and people.
To avoid misunderstanding people need to to acquire language competence and practical skills,
to study the culture and traditions of the country where they plan to live or work.
(Source - https://www.researchgate.net)
Since each culture has its distinct aspects, intercultural communication can be the cause
of conflict and disorder.
Three main issues which are the root of the problem of intercultural miscommunication
1. Language barrier - a difficulty for people communicating because they speak a different
language.
2. Cultural diversity - a society made up of many different groups with different interests,
skills, talents and needs. It also means that some members can have differing religious
beliefs and sexual orientations.
3. Ethnocentrism - is the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture,
a tendency to view alien groups or cultures from the perspective of one's own.
Some of the most talked about issues include gender equality, political views, associated
with specific cultures, observance of religious holidays and ethnic stereotyping.
(Source - https://www.bartleby.com)
11
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Cultural Diversity in the Workplace
Diversity benefits the workplace because people from various backgrounds have different
perspectives. Their contribution to the business allows the group to look at problems from all
different angles, the results are often innovative.
If employees and management do not encourage cultural diversity, teams will be weak.
When it works, diversity increases workplace productivity and profits. (Source https://www.thebalance.com)
How to Improve Intercultural Communication Competence
1. Recognize the validity and differences of communication styles among people
2. Learn to eliminate personal biases and prejudices
3. Strive to acquire communication skills necessary in a multicultural world
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #2- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Dual writing activity:
Based on your findings, formulate a possible strategy for you to be an effective global
communicator. Send in your answers on Google classroom. Minimum of 250 words.
Assignment:
Find a video of an interview of a person who is a native of another country and who has spent
an extensive time in the Philippines. Then ask the questions posted on Google classroom. Then
send in your answers, there too.
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.researchgate.net
https://www.bartleby.com
https://www.thebalance.com
12
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Unit 2 – The Impact of Communication on Society and the World
Overview:
This lesson focuses specifically about the world's understanding and appreciation of the huge
impact of communication on society.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Cite different communication portals
2. Differentiate the pros and cons of using social media platforms
3. Analyze how memes, fake news and other social media influences can affect
lives of netizens.
the
Course Materials:
Communication Portal
A communication portal is a service that allows individuals, businesses, schools and government
agencies to share information from diverse sources using unified communications (UC) media.
The most common modes are email, texting, voice-over IP (VoIP) and conventional telephone
services.
Features of a communication portal can include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
call answering and disconnect
call waiting and call holding
caller identification
capability for voice-enabled e-mail
contact whitelisting and blacklisting
ability to dial any number in a document or message
dynamic contact availability and status displays
automatically updated address book
messaging shortcuts for favored contacts
ability to set up and modify conference calls
detailed messaging and contact histories
compatibility with all popular Web browsers and among multiple service
(Source - https://www.techtarget.com)
providers
13
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Advantages/Disadvantages of Using Social Media Platforms
Advantages 1. Can reach a large audience
2. Direct connection with the audience
3. Create organic content
4. Access to paid advertising services
5. Can build brand
6. Drive traffic to your website
7. Evaluate your performance
Disadvantages –
1. Promote negative experiences such as inadequacy about your life or appearance
2. Negative effect on teens like distracting them, disrupting their sleep,
exposing them to bullying
3. Rumor spreading
4. Unrealistic views of other people's lives and peer pressure
5. Link to unhealthy dispositions in life, feelings of envy, and less satisfaction with life
6. Can lead to ADHD symptoms, depression, anxiety and sleep deprivation
(Source - https://www.unicef.org)
Impact of Fake news on Social Media
Fake news is quickly becoming an epidemic and has been playing a vital role in campaign,
politics, influencing votes and dominating the media to a greater extent in our daily lives. it has an
illusory effect ; the fact that if a lie is repeated enough times, you will begin to believe it is true. In
addition, the effect that fake news has on people's views of news media with so much false
information, consumers are skeptical and it erodes the trust they should have in the media.
How do we combat fake news?
1. Consider the journalist or media - unless it is from a credible news source, be
weary
that the information could be fake.
2. Research - check the citations and dates of research to ensure its from a reputable
source and not outdated. It could have been true at some point, but if it
is more than a
few years old, the information could no longer be fact.
3. Find the source – do not just Google it to see if the information is on other sites. Find sites
like Snopes which is excellent at setting the record straight.
Note: Be vigilant to put a stop to its recirculation. If you see a friend sharing inaccuracies-ask them
to remove their post. Add comments to articles stating the false claims, adding a link to the
accurate information. We cannot stop fake news, but we can at least do our part to keep it from
being reposted or repeated. (Source - https://www.wearefalls.com)
14
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Activities/Assessment:
Activity of the day: Wrapping up the lessons by answering the following questions:
1. Enumerate different features of communication portals.
2. Give the advantages and disadvantages of using social media.
3. Define fake news and how can we combat it?
Assignment:
Send in a sample of a fake news circulating on social media. It could be in a form of a news item
or in a video. Write a reflection on it. Minimum of 300 words or more and turn it in on our Google
classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.techtarget.com
https://www.unicef.org
https://www.wearefalls.com
Unit 3 – Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language
Overview:
This lesson details the varieties and registers of both spoken and written language and its
importance on communication in this digital age.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Categorize varieties of spoken and written language
2. Differentiate the functions of spoken language to written language.
3. Characterize the different variations and registers of the spoken and written language
15
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Course Materials:
Two different modes of language
1. Spoken language (sometimes called oral language) is a language which is spoken by
people, used in conversations. It will have lots of phrases and incomplete sentences which
are "understood in context". Mostly questions, answers, and short sentences/phrases
which express an idea. It is produced by articulate sounds, as opposed to a written
language.
Others refer to sign language as also "spoken" especially in contrast to its written
transcriptions (in Braille). In spoken language, much of the meaning is determined by the
context. (Source - https://en.m.wikipedia.org)
2. Written language - is the written form of communication which includes both reading and
writing. It is the representation of a spoken or gestural language by means of a writing
system.
Written language is an invention in that it must be taught to children, who will pick up spoken
language or sign language by exposure even if they are not formally instructed.
(Source - https://www.link.springer.com)
Varieties of Spoken and Written Language
1. Varies when communicating with people within (local) and outside (global) our community.
2. Varies in speaking and writing
3. Varies in everyday and specialized discourses
Eight different domains in which language varies:
1. Local everyday written - this may include instances of local everyday written usage
found in the neighborhood posters. Example - a poster looking for transients/bed
spacers
2. Local everyday oral - this may occur in local communication among neighbors in
everyday, informal and local varieties of languages. Examples: Filipino dialects
3. Local specialized written - An example of local specialized written usage can be found
in the publications and web sites of local societies such as the Baguio Midland Courier.
4. Local specialized oral - involves specialized discourses. For example, in a computer
shop in the neighborhood, specialized local usage can be found. A specialized computer
game-related vocabulary is used.
16
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
5. Global everyday written - avoids local colloquialism to make the text accessible to
wider communities of readers. This can be found in international editions of newspapers
and magazines.
6. Global everyday oral - may occur in interactions between people coming from different
parts of the world when they talk about everyday casual topics.
7. Global specialized written - expands to as many readers internationally, hence the
non-usage of local colloquial expressions, one example is in international research
journal articles.
8. Global specialized oral - occurs when people from different parts of the world discuss
specialized topics in spoken form. Example is in paper presentation sessions in an
international academic conference.
(Source - Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST- Based
Lorimar Publishing Inc. 2018)
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #3- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Activity of the day:
Recitation - Wrapping up the lessons by answering the following questions:
1. Differentiate spoken language from written language.
2. What are the varieties of spoken and written language?
3. Name the eight different domains in which language varies.
Assignment:
Watch the short film: A Social Life on YouTube and make a short film review in your own words.
Turn in your output on Google classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://en.m.wikipedia.org
https://www.link.springer.com
17
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Lesson 3 - Exploring Tools for Local and Global Communication
Unit 1 – Evaluating Texts That Use Words and Images
Overview:
The lesson focuses on the different contextual elements in different media using words and
images that is prevailing nowadays in our everyday communication.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define the term text in different contexts
2. Distinguish the difference of text using words from text using images
3. Value the importance of these texts, both in words and in images as well as their
meanings, especially in social media
Course Materials:
Motivation:
Global and local are understood basically as specific sizes and/or ranges. Essentially global
means big and local small. Globalizing the local and localizing the global are the twin forces
blurring traditional national boundaries. Global communication has created an immense business
empire for communication tools which directly is responsible for the changing paradigms and
policies of international relationships among nations of the world.
(Source - https://www.gmu.edu)
Lecture/Discussion:
The term text includes any form of written, spoken or media work conveying meaning to
an audience. Text may use words, graphics, sounds and images in presenting information. It
may also be in oral, print, visual or electronic forms.
Every piece of text carries a message, and every message carries a meaning that maybe
true or false. As a regular consumer of text and receiver of information, you need to be more
aware and critical about what you accept as a matter of truth or fact.
In evaluating "text" you need to consider the following:
1. Message
18
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
2. Purpose of the message
3. How is the message conveyed
4. Target audience of the message
5. Effect of the message being conveyed
Media literacy Media literacy, put simply, is the ability to identify different types of media and the
messages they are sending. Therefore we, as the readers or viewers need to view the media
objectively, with the goal to find out or analyze what is being presented.
Source - https://www.ylai.state.gov
According to Wikipedia, media literacy encompasses the practices that allow people to
access critically evaluate, and create or manipulate media. The US-based National Association
for Media Literacy Education defines it as the ability to analyze, evaluate, create and act using all
forms of communication.
(Source - https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org)
Key Concepts of Media Literacy
1. All media messages are constructed. Media texts are built just as surely as buildings and
highways are built. The key behind this concept is figuring out who constructed the
message, out of what materials and as to what effect.
2. Media have embedded values and points of view. Because they are constructed, media
messages carry a subtext of who and what is important-at least to the person or people
creating the message. The choice of a character's age, gender or race, the selection of
a setting, and the actions within the plot are just some of the ways that values become
"embedded" in a television show, a movie or an advertisement.
3. Each person interprets messages differently. Different people experience the same
media message differently. Audiences play a role in interpreting media messages
because each audience member brings to the message a unique set of life experiences.
Differences in age, gender, education and cultural upbringing will generate unique
interpretations.
4. Media have commercial, ideological or political interests. Most media messages are
organized to gain profit and/or power. Much of the world's media were developed as
money-making enterprises. Newspapers and magazines lay out their pages with ads
first: the space remaining is devoted to new. Likewise, commercials are part and parcel
of most television watching now. The internet has become an international platform
through which groups or individuals can attempt to persuade.
5. Media messages are constructed using a creative language having its own rules. Each
form of communication has its own creative language scary music, heightens fear,
camera close-ups convey intimacy, big headlines signal significance. Understanding the
19
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
grammar, syntax and metaphor of media language helps us to be less susceptible to
manipulation.
(Source - https://www.ylai.state.gov)
Activities/Assessment:
Answer the following questions:
1. Define "texts"
2. Differentiate the text using words from text using images?
3. What is media literacy?
4. Enumerate the five key concepts of media literacy
Assignment:
Submit two outputs - one blog article and one vlog sample that you can find over the internet.
Summarize each by identifying its subject/topic, the message it conveys and draw conclusions or
recommendations based on the outcome of the information it sends to the readers/viewers.
Turn in all your output on Google classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.ylai.state.gov
https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org
20
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Unit 2 – Communication Aids and Strategies: Understanding and Analyzing Tools
of Technology
Overview:
The lesson enumerates the basic understanding of communication aids and strategies,
analyzing tools of technology to help us to effectively communicate with others.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Identify the tools of technology in communication
2. Utilize communication aids and strategies in everyday communication
3. Appreciate the importance of tools of technology in daily life.
Course Materials:
Motivation:
In the past, people used smoke signals as a form of communication, however, smoke
signals could only send a few simple messages. As the world changed and the population grow
people needed to send longer messages as well as well as sending them further in distance.
people replaced smoke signals for letter writing at least until the invention of the telegraph.
The telegraph system was a form of communication that transmitted electric signals over
wires from different locations to translate messages. it was invented by Samuel Morse hence the
popular Morse Code until Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. After the telephone
came the fiber optics cable used to allow data to be processed faster to your home televisions
and computers.
Another major advancement in technology is the cellular phone that has brought a whole
new meaning to the term multi tasking. Cellphones today can do any and everything from sending
messages to emails, uploading video and picture and most importantly downloading applications
for everything.
(Source -www.imagcwp.wordpress/communicationtechnology/hollycurtispaper1-3)
Lecture/Discussion:
In today's digital era, communication is easier than ever before, people can connect with
each other, share online content with the click of a button and work together on projects regardless
of distance. Modern communication devices, such as smartphones and laptops open up new
opportunities for individuals and business alike.
21
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Tools of technology in communication
A wide variety of communication tools are used for external and internal communication,
these tools include:
1. mail
2. email
3. telephones
4. television, cable tv
5. radio and sound recording and reproduction technology
6. cellphones
7. smartphones
8. computers
9. laptops
10. VoIP/internet telephony
11. video and multimedia equipments
12. web conferencing tools, google meet, zoom, messenger rooms
13. social networking like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc
14. messenger apps
15. chatbots
16. blogs/vlogs
17. tracking software
.. as well as online collaboration and productivity platforms
(Source - https://www.scu.edu)
Modern communication tools to help you stay connected with your audience.
1. Social media 2. direct message
3. instant message
4. SMS
5. text messaging
6. email marketing
7. direct email
8. blogging
9. voice calling
(Source: https://www.resourcetechniques/co.uk)
Communication in today's society plays a major role in the public and private sphere.
Nowadays, communication globally is at the tip of your fingers literally. There are a lot of different
forms of technology that has made this possible, from ipads, to Kindles, to blackberry playbooks
and more. Tablets and wireless internet has allowed many countries to communicate
instantaneously with the use of emails, text messaging, instant messages and video chat.
Modern day technology keeps communication constant. It allows people to express
themselves with a click of a button.
22
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Therefore, future technology should be more compatible with people's need, Tablets
should be Nano sized, lite and slick. interactive and portable. Users should be able to explore
endless possibilities from writing word documents to creating and designing websites. Future
tablets should be able to bend, fold and roll while giving the user the experience of reading a book
or a magazine. The future holds a lot of promise for auto voice translating and interpreting which
will remove any language barriers. The future progression in technology will change the dynamics
of communication all across the world, in the classroom, the workplace and in the public sphere.
Source - www.imagcwp.wordpress/communicationtechnology/hollycurtispaper1-3
Communication Aids and Strategies
What is a communication aid?
A communication aid helps an individual to communicate more effectively with people
around them. Communication aids are also referred to as AAC devices.
AAC refers to Augmentative and Alternative Communication. These are a huge range of
techniques which support or replace spoken communication. These include gesture, signings,
symbols, word boards, communication boards and books as well as voice-output communication
aids (VOCAs).
What are communication strategies?
These are the verbal, nonverbal and visual communication
Source- https://www.g-kenneth.blogspot.com/purposivecommunication)
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #4- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Activity 1: Watch from You Tube about bloopers and mishaps caught by camera on news
reporting.
Activity 2:
Wrap up the day’s lesson by asking questions:
1. Enumerate the different tools of technology that can
communication nowadays?
2. Differentiate the functions of principles of design from each other.
3. How important these principles are in making a work of art?
be
used
for
Assignment:
Please watch this video at home 23
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Short Documentary - A Drug Called Social Media. Make a reflection paper about your thoughts
on how modern communication makes or breaks people's life. Turn in your outputs on Google
classroom.
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
www.imagcwp.wordpress/communicationtechnology/hollycurtispaper1-3
https://www.g-kenneth.blogspot.com/purposivecommunication
LESSON 4 - Communicating Strategically for Various Purposes
Unit 1 – Obtaining and Disseminating Information Effectively
Overview:
The lesson explains the keys on how to properly obtain and disseminate right information for
effective communication as well as when, where and how to get all of these information.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Know how to obtain information for effective communication
2. Disseminate information properly and effectively
3. Identify the right information to obtain and disseminate in communication
Course Materials:
Motivation:
Communication strategy is a holistic planning approach in engaging an audience to ensure
greater communication effectiveness. But the most important component of a communication
strategy is not the strategy at all, it is the objective, and there are so many channels involved
nowadays. (Source - https://www.thegoodpitch.com)
24
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Lecture/Discussion:
Art of Inquiring and Spreading Information
How to Make an Effective Query
1. Define the communication context
2. Choose the appropriate kind of language for composing your inquiry.
3. Make your message clear and concise
4. Thank the addressee promptly when you receive a response. Be courteous. (Source
- Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English,
BlueBooks an imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018)
Letter of Inquiry
An inquiry letter is written when a person needs more information about something like
products, services, internships, scholarships or job vacancies offered by companies, associations
or individuals. An inquiry may also be in the form of telephone or personal interview.
Content and Organization of Inquiry Letter
1. Heading
2. Inside address
3. Salutation
4. Body of the letter
5. Complimentary close
6. Signature
Getting Information
There are many ways to get information. the most common research methods are:
1. literature searches
2. talking with people
3. focus groups
4. personal interviews
5. telephone surveys
6. mail surveys
7. email surveys
8.internet surveys.
(Source - https://www.statpac.com)
Obtaining information from available sources
1. books
2. encyclopedia
3. magazines
4. databases
5. newspaper
6. library catalog
7. internet
(Source- https://www.reuters.com)
25
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Disseminating information - the means of delivery is a key part of the strategy for better
information. the dissemination of information can take up as much as half of the total cost of an
information project so it must be planned from the start. the key to effective dissemination is to
match the means to the message and needs of the audience.
There are lots of ways to deliver information from a slogan on a t-shirt to a video on
YouTube. The key is to adopt a method that will work for the target audience and for the type of
content you have to deliver.
1. traditional method - leaflets
2. video
3. mass media - press, radio, television
4, social media - Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc
5. billboards, posters, streamers, tarpaulins
6. word of mouth
(Source -https://www.advicenow.org.uk)
Activities/Assessment:
Activity:
1. Obtain an information about recent and current news trending now on the following
communication portals: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc.
2. Make a quick analysis about it how you interpreted the information obtained and describe it
in three words.
3. Cite your sources- include the date and and the number of likes and shares, number tweeted
and retweeted. Send all your answers on Google classroom.
Watch a video from You Tube
Assignment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Search and select a convo on Facebook about a current issue on any topic.
Make a reflection paper about it. Minimum of 250 words.
Cite the source of your information and the date and where it was published.
Send in your outputs on Google classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an
imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar
Publishing Inc. 2018
https://www.statpac.com
https://www.reuters.com
https://www.advicenow.org.uk
26
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Unit 2 – Expressing an Opinion and Taking a Stand on an Issue
Overview:
The lesson explains the importance of expressing an opinion properly and taking a stand on an
issue on a strategic and positive way.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Express your opinion effectively
2. Establish strategic skills at taking a stand on an issue
3. Appreciate the importance of expressing an opinion and taking a stand on an issue.
Course Materials:
Opinion - is a view, a belief or judgment that rests on grounds insufficient to produce
complete certainty or proof, or appraisal formed in the mind about a particular matter the
prevailing/popular feeling or public view.
(Source - https://www.thefreedictionary.com)
Though it is just an estimation of the merit of a person, opinion is a belief or conclusion
held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof. The abrasiveness one
feels when he has voiced out is opinion is actually making him a stronger person and will earn his
stripes in the world of self-confidence
(Source - https://www.more.com)
Importance of Voicing out an Opinion
Many employees have opinions about their workplaces but never voice them for fear of
reprisal. This tendency keeps valuable information hidden from those who make decisions voicing
opinions in a professional manner can boost the profile of an employee and improve the morale
of a company.
(Source - https://work.chron.com)
Standing on an Issue
To support or be loyal to someone or something it is so important it helps you to explore
your inner self, built belief in you, to reach to the target, gives directions to your life. if you stand
for something you will have people for you and people against you but if you stand for nothing
then you will have nobody for you and nobody against you.
(Source - www.quora.com )
27
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Logic and Rhetoric
Logic is a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and
demonstration, the science of the formal principles of reasoning. It refers to the science of thinking
methodically
Rhetoric refers to the art of speaking or writing effectively, communicating persuasively.
Both logic and rhetoric are important in arguing a point effectively
Fallacy - is a false or mistaken idea; the use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning or
"wrong moves".
Fallacies are deceptive, misleading or false notion, belief, statements that reflect flaws
and inconsistencies and people tend to believe the idea to be true, but which is in fact it is false.
(Source - https://www.dictionary.com)
Debate is a discussion as of a public question in an assembly, involving opposing
viewpoints, like a debate on the Senate. It is a discussion about a subject on which people have
different views, a process that involves formal discussion on a particular topic.
(Source - https://www.lexico.com)
A debate is an organized argument or contest of ideas in which the participants discuss a
topic from two opposing sides. Those who agree with this statement or idea are the Pro side and
those who will not agree with this statement or idea are the Con side.
The aim of a debate is to convince the opposition that you are right. When the two sides
agree on the subject or when one side's argument are more convincing than the other side that
is when the debate comes to a close.
(Source - https://www.americandebateleague.org)
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #1- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Activity 1: Watch a video from You Tube –
Activity 2: Quick mini-debate - Boys versus Girls
Topic- the much controversial topic on Facebook.
"What is Wrong with Girls Wearing Sexy Dresses?"
Wrapping up the day’s lesson by asking:
1. What is an opinion? How are you going to express it freely?
2. What is the important skill when standing on an issue?
3. Differentiate logic from rhetoric and fallacy.
4. Define debate.
28
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Assignment:
Submit a sample copy of any kind of letter - letter of application, letter of resignation letter, asking
for a raise or promotion and other office related letters. Turn it all in on Google classroom.
References:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.thefreedictionary.com
https://www.more.com
https://work.chron.com
https://www.quora.com
https://www.dictionary.com
https://www.lexico.com
https://www.americandebateleague.org
LESSON 5 - Developing Communication Materials for the Workplace
Unit 1 – Communicating with Members of Workplace Effectively
Overview:
This lesson tackles on communication when someone is in a workplace and how to
effectively utilize communication tools to ensure productive and efficient delivery of information.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Identify communication tools in workplace
2. Understand the purposes of communication skills at work
3. Examine the importance of sending information effectively in workplaces.
29
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Course Materials:
Motivation:
Effective internal communications in a culturally diverse, organization means being able
to share and exchange ideas based on mutual awareness, respect and credibility.
(Source - https://trainingindustry.com
Lecture/ Discussion:
Communication in the Workplace
In an organization, communication facilitates the flow of information and understanding
between different people and departments through different media using all the channels and
networks. This flow of information is vital for managerial effectiveness and decision making in
general and for human resource manager in particular as he has to be in contact with the
managers of various departments, employees and workers and trade union leaders.
Communication thus helps understand people better removing misunderstanding and
creating clarity of thoughts and expression. It also educates people. The communication may be
written or oral, formal or informal and upward, downward or horizontal, diagonal, interpersonal,
intrapersonal, interdepartmental and intra=organizational.
Communication in a Workplace Communication is one of the major concerns n the workplace. Creating and maintaining
a positive work environment is what means effective workplace communication. Exchanging
information and ideas within an organization is called workplace communication.
Why is communication so important in the workplace?
1. It avoids confusion resulting to lesser misunderstanding solving conflicts early.
2. It provides purpose and clear direction increasing self-esteem among employees.
3. It builds a positive team spirit among workmates producing healthy company culture.
4. It creates accountability, higher employee job satisfaction and business success.
(Source - https://www.hrtechnologist.com)
The Resume A resume is a document created and used by a person to present their background, skills,
and accomplishments. Resumes can be used for a variety of reasons but most often they are
used to secure new employment. A typical resume contains a "summary" of relevant job
experience and education. The resume is usually one of the first items, along with a cover letter
and sometimes an application for employment. This could be printed or scannable one.
(Source - https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org)
30
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Job Application Letters
Also known as cover letter, it is a letter you send with your resume to provide information
on your skills and experiences. This letter is your chance to "sell" yourself to an employer,
explaining why you are an ideal candidate for a position. An application letter reflects more details
about you as an individual, while a resume outlines your professional skills and experience more.
How to Write an Application Letter
1. Review information about the company and position
2. Use a professional format
3. Create the heading
4. Address the letter to the hiring manager
5. Open the letter by describing your interest
6. Outline your experience and qualifications
7. Include aspects of your personality
8. Express appreciation
9. Close the letter.
(Source - https://www.thebalancecareers.com)
The Memorandum A memorandum (abbreviated as memo; comes from the Latin word memorandum est
meaning "it must be remembered" is a written message that maybe used in a business office. It
is typically used by firms for internal communication while letters are typically for external
communication.
(Source - https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org)
Emails
Electronic mail (email or e-mail) is a method of exchanging messages between people
using electronic devices, the term electronic mail has been in use with its current meaning since
at least 1975. Email operates across computer networks, primarily the Internet. Today's email
systems are based on a store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver, and
store messages. They need to connect, typically to a mail server or a webmail interface to send
or receive messages or download it.
(Source - https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org)
Bulletin
Bulletin is a brief public notice or news item issuing usually from an authoritative source,
intended for immediate publication or broadcast.
(Source -https://www.merriam-webster.com)
31
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Activities/Assessment:
Activity: Think of communication tools applicable to the following workforces. Group yourselves
into five groups then draw lots as to what topic you would like to discuss.
1. Nurses and doctors
2. Journalists
3. Tourism industry
4. Teachers
5. Business and trade
Assignment:
Watch at home a video on Product Promotion
Present a sample persuasive letter on how to sell stocks or insurances.
Send in all your outputs on GC.
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 2018
https://www.hrtechnologist.com
https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org
https://www.thebalancecareers.com
https://www.merriam-webster.com
Unit 2 – Persuading your Audience and Handling Objections Strategically
Overview:
This lesson focuses on using communication skills to persuade people during conversations as
well as how to handle the situation when objections arise among your audience.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define persuasive communication
2. Appreciate different strategies on how to handle objections
3. Value the importance of knowing your target audience when communicating
32
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Course Materials:
Persuasion is a message designed to alter a person's beliefs or behavior. it is also
identified through appeals to personal motives and behavior. Senders are usually motivated by
the desire for power, financial reward like political campaigns or commercials. It can attempt to
influence to change a person or group's attitude or behavior toward some event, idea, object or
anything.
Persuasive - means making you want to do or believe a particular thing; someone or
something that is persuasive is likely to persuade a person to believe or do a particular thing.
(Source - https://www.studocu.com)
Persuasive communication is any message that is intended to shape, reinforce, or change
the responses of another or others. Such responses are modified by symbolic transactions
(messages) which are sometimes, but not always, linked with coercive force (indirectly coercive)
and which appeal to the reason and emotions of the target.
(Source - https://www.definitions.net)
Convincing an Audience that your Point is Valid
1. Tell the audience clearly why the issue matters
2. Paints a bright picture of the rewards of embracing the cause
3. Paints a bleak picture of the results of disregarding the cause
4. Clearly outlines the action that must be taken.
5. Wraps up with a memorable rallying cry.
(Source - https://www.sketchbubble.com)
How to Handle Objections
1. Listen fully to the objection
2. Understand the objection completely
3. Respond properly
4. Confirm you have satisfied with the objection
(Source - https://www.rainsalestraining.com)
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #2- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Activity: Search over the internet, the greatest speeches of all time, read it. Find the most
persuasive line on the speech that you feel is the most important part, a line from the speech
which is the most persuasive. Write the name of the author and the title of the speech. Send all
your outputs on Google class.
Group Activity - Brainstorming on the title and subject of your upcoming academic paper on
Purposive Communication.
33
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Assignment:
Group Assignment:
1. In connection with your upcoming final output, submit a research proposal title along with
your letter written persuasively why you choose the said title for your school paper. It
needs to be related to Purposive Communication.
2. Research on Academic Paper Presentation. Send in your links and URLs on our Google
classroom.
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an
imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar
Publishing Inc. 2018
LESSON 6 - Designing Tools for Academic Papers
In academic writing, the writer's aim is to persuade readers of an idea based on evidence.
The writer portrays to the readers what he thinks about a particular topic and based on research
and facts from academic reading. Academic papers are not written for readers, they are written
for reviewers
(Source - https://www.cavehill.uwi.edu)
Unit 1 – Writing the Academic Paper
What is an academic paper?
An academic paper (also called scholarly paper) is not a social commentary, an opinion
or a blog. Most classes require at least one written assignment, and teachers expect a high level
of writing skills. A good paper generally includes a thesis, paragraphs that support it and a strong
conclusion.
(Source - www.quora.com)
Overview:
The lesson deals with the purpose and importance of writing an academic paper as well
as the skills and tools needed when preparing one.
34
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Familiarize yourself of the steps in writing an academic paper
2. Identify the technology tools needed when writing an academic paper
3. Appreciate the purpose of why you are writing an academic paper.
Course Materials:
An academic paper begins with a thesis - the writer of the academic paper aims to
persuade readers of an idea or solution to a problem based on evidence- not personal opinion.
Its value as an instructional tool is to assist students in developing their critical thinking skills.
Source: https://www.defsa.org.za
The four main types of academic writing are:
1. description
2. persuasive
3. expository
4. narrative
Academic Text Structure
The academic text structure. is an important feature of academic writing. A well-structured
text enables the reader to follow the argument and navigate the text. In academic writing, a clear
structure and a logical flow are imperative to a cohesive text. In many university assignments the
correct use of structure is part of the final assessment.
The structure of your writing depends on the type of assignment. Most academic texts
follow established structures. Some common structures in academic writing are: the three-part
essay structure and the IMRaD structure. Even shorter essays that are not divided into titled
sections follow such a structure. Longer texts may be further divided into subsections. Different
departments in the university may prefer that students use a certain structure.
The Academic Writing Process
Academic writing is a process that can be divide into three stages: Prewriting, drafting and
the final revising stage which includes editing and proofreading. In the first stage you research
your topic like collecting data and information, then make a preparatory work before you enter a
drafting stage.
After you have written your text, it is important that you take time to revise and correct it
before submitting the final result.
(Source - https://www.Lnu.se)
35
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
The Three Stages in Writing
1. Prewriting - in this stage you plan and prepare your writing, research your topic and look
for relevant sources. You should give thought to the subject and purpose of your
assignment.
2. Drafting - once you have created an outline, it is now time to write. Remember that you do
not have to write your draft perfectly right. Instead focus on producing a flawless text, try
to concentrate on writing your main ideas. You do not need to edit or proofread it yet.
Instead try to let your thinking and writing flow as freely as possible.
3. Final revision - in this stage, editing and proofreading are included. Make sure now that
your writing is coherent and written accurately. Your final product should be a text that has
been thoroughly worked through and should meet the academic standards of writing. Allow
enough time to edit and proofread everything.
(Source - https://www.Lnu.se/student)
How to start writing an academic paper?
1. Draw your reader in and convince them they should care about your topic.
2. State your argument clearly.
3. Render evident your contribution to scholarship.
4. Establish your expertise.
5. Define your terms.
Kinds of academic paper
1. Essay - these are the most common type of academic papers that are significant as they
cater to almost all levels of academia especially high school and undergraduate levels.
This type of paper provides an illustration of a certain topic through the amalgamation of
key facts and opinions organized to create a coherent structure that provides a logical
explanation of the topic.
2. Research paper is an academic paper that is longer than atypical essay and usually entails
more detailed research relative to the topic or subject matter that the paper encompasses.
To highlight aspects regarding a specific issue, the research paper usually includes a
literature review section that provides details of the researched facts to support the topic.
Often, the paper include a critical review of the researched material to provide a lucid
understanding of the topic and research paper content.
3. Thesis is a more comprehensive academic paper that provides more details with regards
to a particular topic contrary to the dissertation. Such an academic paper usually has a
higher word count and includes sections such as literature review, methodology, findings,
and analysis among other. such a paper may include both primary and secondary
research methods to provide arguments to support the topic with an intent to define a solid
conclusion.
4. Dissertation is an academic paper ranging from 7000 to 16000 words that include sections
such as literature review, research methodology, analytical findings, and conclusions.
Such a paper is used to provide a detailed analysis of the topic through the use of different
36
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
forms of research techniques to provide qualitative and quantitative data to arrive at a
conclusion.
5. Case study is based on the aspects reading a certain entity such as an organization and
its working. Case study writing involves the research related to a case study that describes
a particular aspect of the entity relevant to the paper.
(Source- https://www.academicwritingpro.com)
Typically, a paper do not exceed 10 pages, with 15 pages being unusually long. In the arts
and humanities, a typical paper can be 20-25 pages with some as long as 30 pages.
Basic academic papers have three main parts: an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.
Each of these three parts typically serves its own purpose.
The introduction introduces and creates context for the subject and topic, it describes the
structure of the essay and establishes the paper's central argument or thesis.
Popular academic paper format
1. APA or American Psychological Association format
1. All the margin should measure 1 inch
2. The font for the entire paper is Times New Roman in 12 pt.
3. Adopt double spacing for the entire paper
4. Space twice after a punctuation at the end of a sentence
5. Alignment should be to the left.
6. The use of the active voice
7. The pages should follow each other in the following order.
Title page> Abstract> Body> References> Appendices>
Footnotes>Tables> Figures
8. The page number should be one inch from the right corner of the
paper
The title page should contain the title, your name as an author, your institution's details
and if necessary, an author's notes. Remember that the Title page is the first page, and all the
details should be double-spaced. Usually, the author's note is an opportunity to acknowledge the
financial support and any assistance given and also include an address for future communication.
The abstract is a summary of your paper and is usually typed in a block format. It usually
consists of 150 to 200 words and is your second page. The body of your paper begins on the third
page, and should always be typed flush-left. Every first line in our paragraphs should be indented
about 5-7 spaces from the left.
Citation of sources should be done within the body of the paper, and a full reference list
should be stated at the end of the paper. In the Reference section of your paper, the author(s) of
the source, the year of publication, the title of the work, URLs from the internet, should all appear.
(Source - https://www.paperperhour.com)
37
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
2. MLA or Modern Language Association format
Modern Language Association is popular among liberal arts and humanities
papers. When writing, consult the latest edition to ensure your work reflects the latest MLA
academic paper format.
Some of the general guidelines you should observe under this format are:
1. The paper print out should measure 8.5 by 11 inches
2. Maintain double spacing in your texts, MLA provides a choice fo font,
as long as it is legible and be 12.pt.
3. Only one space should be left after periods of any punctuation.
4. The margins should measure 1 inch on all sides
5. Indent the first line of each paragraph, one half inch from the left
6. Use italics when using longer titles in the work
7. Do not include a title page for the paper unless specifically requested
to do so.
8. In the upper left corner of your paper, list your name, the instructor,
date, while maintaining double-spacing.
9. The title should be centered, not underlined or italicized, but use
standard capitalization.
(Source - https://www.paperperhour.com)
3. CMS or Chicago Manual Style format
Currently, in its 17th edition, the Chicago Manual Style is popular with business,
history and fine arts. This format provides guidelines on manuscript preparation, grammar, usage
and documentation. One of the popular documentation styles under CMS is the Note and
Bibliography Style(NB Style), commonly used in humanities. This style provides a
referencing system through footnote and endnote citation, and also through bibliography pages.
The bibliography is written just before the index and includes all sources, stated in an alphabetical
order.
The author-date system is common in sciences and social sciences. In this system,
sources are briefly cited within the text and are usually included in parenthesis, including the
author's name and date of publication. A full reference list is provided at the end with complete
bibliographic information.
(Source - https://www.paperperhour.com)
Technology tools needed when writing an academic paper
1. evernote
2. grammarly
3. ref-n-write
4. Hemingway editor
5. FocusWriter
6. online proofreader
38
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
7. plagiarism checker
8. encyclopedia
10. google docs
11. word counter
(Source - https://www.quora.com)
Activities/Assessment:
Quiz #3- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
Activity: Answer the following questions?
1. What is an academic paper? What are the kinds of academic paper?
2. Define an academic text structure.
3. Name and differentiate the three popular academic paper format
4. What are the four types academic writing?
5. How to start writing an academic paper?
6. Explain the three stages in writing?
7. State some of the technology tools needed tin writing an academic paper.
Assignment:
Deadline for submission of draft of your academic paper will be posted on Google classroom
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar Publishing
Inc. 201
https://www.defsa.org.za
https://www.academicwritingpro.com
https://www.paperperhour.com)
https://www.quora.com
39
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Unit 2 – Documentation
Overview:
The lesson brings you to the most challenging part in writing an academic paper, the step
by step procedures in documenting your school paper as well as the knowledge of proper handling
and preservation of the documents.
Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Familiarize yourself of plagiarism in an academic paper
2. Identify the proper procedures on how to document a paper
3. Appreciate the importance of documenting school papers
Course Materials:
Motivation:
An essential part of the writing process involves documenting your research and
acknowledging the ideas of others. A documentation style is a standard approach to the citation
of sources that the author of a paper has consulted, abstracted or quoted from different academic
disciplines. Using different documentation styles, your instructor, may require you to use a
particular style, or may allow you use one of your choosing.
(Source - https://writing.wisc.edu)
Plagiarism
According to Wikipedia, Plagiarism is the representation of another author's language,
thoughts, ideas or expressions as one's own original work. It is considered academic dishonesty
and a breach of journalistic ethics. It is subject to sanctions such as penalties, suspension,
expulsion from school or work, substantial fines and even incarceration. it is not in itself a crime
but like counterfeiting fraud can be punished in a court for prejudices caused by copyright
Infringement, violation of moral rights or torts. In academia and industry it is a serious
ethical offense.
(Source - https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org)
Plagiarism in Academic writing
40
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
Plagiarism is presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own, with or without their
consent, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgment. All published and
unpublished material, whether in manuscript, printed or electronic form, is covered under this
definition.
(Source - https://www.ox.ac.uk)
Steps on how can you avoid plagiarism
Step 1 - While preparing to write by reviewing the literature, keep careful records
of your sources, Citation software, such as Zotero and EndNote can be
helpful at this stage.
Step 2 - While writing, try not to directly refer to your sources to avoid
inadvertent copying, use multiple sources to ensure a diversity of content,
and avoid err on the side of citation.
Step 3 - After writing, review your manuscript and reference list to ensure that all
of the appropriate source citations were included. Additionally, consider
checking your manuscript for inadvertent plagiarism using Turnitin, iThenticate or other
detection tools.
(Source - https://www.aje.com)
When to Cite your Sources
It is crucial that you cite your sources and acknowledge the ideas of others who have
influenced your thinking about your topic. You should be aware of the ethical and legal issues
involved in using someone else's work without proper attribution. If you are not cautious, you may
unwittingly plagiarize someone else's idea.
You should cite all sources (both printed and online) correctly and fully so that those who
read your work can find and refer to your citations. When you are gathering sources for your topic,
make sure that you note the following information for your citations:
1. author
2. title, subtitle
3. editor (if any)
4. edition
5. volume
6. place of publication (city or state name)
7. publisher
8. date of publication
9. page numbers of article
For online resources, also add
1. URL
2. date of access
41
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
3. webmaster (if given)
4. database name (if given)
(Source - https://www.ccnmtl.columbia.edu)
When Not to Cite your Sources:
1. Historical overviews - when multiple sources provide the same information about historic
events.
2. Your own ideas or findings - when presenting ideas or research results that are your own.
3. Conclusions (containing formerly cited ideas) - if you have already cited the ideas earlier
in your paper that you are summarizing in your conclusions, you do not need to cite them
again.
4. Common knowledge - when it can be found in a significant number of sources and is not
considered to be controversial.
(Source - https://www.davidson.libguides.com)
Activity/Assessment:
Quiz #4- Check out the posted questions and turn in your answers on Google Classroom
For your final activity - Group Activity Review of you final output the Academic Paper/Research Paper. Double check your paper from
Introduction to Citations.
Assignment:
Check out the rubrics in assessing your final output on Google classroom.
Submission of your final output will be posted also in our virtual room.
References/Sources:
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an imprint
of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based
Lorimar Publishing Inc. 2018
https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org
https://writing.wisc.edu
https://www.ox.ac.uk
https://www.aje.com
https://www.ccnmtl.columbia.edu
https://www.davidson.libguides.com
42
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT
References
Suarez, Perfecto, Canilao and Paez, Purposive Communication in English, BlueBooks an
imprint of Ateneo de Manila University Press 2018
Wakat, Caroy, Paulino, et al., Purposive Communication OBE & PPST-Based, Lorimar
Publishing Inc. 2018
https://www.en.m.wikipedia.org
https://writing.wisc.edu
https://www.ox.ac.uk
https://www.aje.com
https://www.ccnmtl.columbia.edu
https://www.davidson.libguides.com
43
SUBJECT: GEED 10063 PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
COMPILED BY: REYNALDO C. CASTRO, LPT