Indo-Europeans tribes from Europe
and Asia Minor
CELTIC, ROMAN,
ANGLO-SAXON
BRITAIN
are divided into various clans
Celts
are an advanced society
rely on Druids
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
CELTIC, ROMAN,
ANGLO-SAXON
BRITAIN
begin their conquest of Britain in 43
A.D.
Romans
Roman presence in Britain can be
traced:
•
•
•
•
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
in the names of towns
in the road system
in the foundations of some
major cities
in the latinate part of the
vocabulary
Angles, Saxon and Jutes begin
to invade Britain in 410
share a common Germanic
heritage
CELTIC, ROMAN,
ANGLO-SAXON
BRITAIN
Anglo-Saxon
place very high value on the ideal
of noble behaviour
are divided into several small
kingdoms
by the second half of the 7th
century, most of them are
converted to Christianity
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
CELTIC, ROMAN,
ANGLO-SAXON
BRITAIN
start to invade Anglo-Saxon Britain
in c. 800
Vikings
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
are expert sailors and arrive from
Scandinavia on fast and strong
ships
THE NORMANS
conquer Britain in 1066 (Battle of
Hastings)
William the Conqueror introduces
the Norman feudal system
first great clash between Crown
and Church: the Archbishop of
Canterbury Thomas Becket opposes
the king’s attempt to control the
Church
first steps towards the English
modern political system:
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
•
•
John I signs the Magna Charta, which
establishes for the first time the principle
that everybody, including the king, is
subject to the law
under Henry III two representatives
from each borough are called to
Parliament for the first time: this is the
beginning of the House of Commons
WARS
the war with France breaks out because
Edward III claims the vacant French throne
the war continues with neither side gaining a
decisive advantage
The Hundred Years’ War
(1337-1453)
in the end the French manage to drive the
English out of France
a civil war fought between the house of York
and the house of Lancaster
The Wars of the Roses
(1454-85)
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
Henry Tudor of Lancaster defeats Richard III
and becomes Henry VII of England. This
event marks the end of the Middle Ages and
the beginning of the Renaissance
THE FRENCH INFLUENCE
The Normans bring the French
language to England:
The ideal of chivalry dominates
the social and cultural life of
Medieval England
MAPPA – From the Origins to the Middle Ages (449-1485) - History and Society
•
•
•
Old English is spoken only by common
people
French is spoken by the upper classes
Latin is the language of the Church