Formula Sheet Unit 1 Population Dynamics D=N S Estimated population density = total number of individuals sampling area Estimated population size = (estimated population density)(total size of study area) N = Mn m age-specific mortality rate = # that died during the interval # alive at the start of the interval age-specific survivorship rate = # still alive at the end of the interval # alive at the start of the interval probability of being alive = # of individuals alive at the start of the age interval at a specific age #alive at the start of the initial age interval population change = (births + immigration) – (deaths + emigration) population = (births + immigration) – (deaths + emigration) x 100 growth rate initial population b=B N d=D N = rN td = .