AGRARIAN LAW AND SOCIAL LEGISLATION
REVIEWER (MIDTERMS)
HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE AGRARIAN LAWS
Rice Share Tenancy
enancy Act – enacted
enacted to regulate
regulate the relations
relationship
hip
betwe
between
en landlo
landlords
rds and tenant
tenants
s on rice
rice lands.
lands. (amend
(amended
ed by
Commonwe
Commonwealth
alth Act 178 amended
amended by RA no. !" by introduci
introducing
ng
changes in crop di#ision amended by RA $$%!&&
Sugar Tenancy Act – enacted to regulate the relationship between
landlords and tenants on lands planted to sugar cane. (amended by
Commonwealth Act $71 by e'tending its application to sugar arm
wor)ers&
Agricultural Share Tenancy
Tenancy Act (RA 11**&
11**& – it repealed all the earlier
tenancy laws e'cept the Sugar Tenancy Act.
Agricultural +and Reorm Code o 1*%! (RA !8""&
!8""& – abolished share
tenancy. ,n its place it instituted the agricultural leasehold system.
(amended by Code o Agrarian ReormsRA %!8*&
Tenant -mancipation +aw (/ 0o. $7& – promulgated by erdinand
-. 2arcos which pro#ided or the transer o lands primarily de#oted
to rice and corn to the tenants.
-3 0o.
0o. $$8 (4uly 17 1*87&
1*87& – declar
declaring
ing ull land
land owners
ownership
hip to
5ualiied beneiciaries co#ered by / $7.
-'ec
-'ecut
uti#
i#e
e 3rde
3rderr 1$*6
1$*6A
A (4ul
(4uly
y $%
$% 1*87
1*87&& 6 modi
modiy
yin
ing
g -3 1$*
1$*
Reorganiing and Strengthening /AR
roclamat
roclamation
ion 1!1 (4uly $$ 1*87& 6 ,nstituti
,nstituting
ng a Comprehen
Comprehensi#e
si#e
Agrarian Reorm rogram.
rogram.
CAR
CAR o 1*88
1*88 (RA
(RA %%7
%%7 4une
4une 19 1*88& – amende
amended
d certai
certain
n
pro#icions by RA 7881 strengthened by RA *799.
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
TRANSFER
TRANSFER OF PRIVA
PRIVATE AND
AND PUBLIC
PUBLIC LANDS
LANDS TO FARMER
FARMER
BENEFICIARIES
Sec. 3 (a) – Def!"#! #f A$%a%a! Ref#%&
Agrarian Reorm – the redistribution o lands regardless o crops or
ruits produced to armers and regular armwor)ers who are landless
irrespecti#e o tenurial arrangement to include the totality o actors
and support ser#ices
ser#ices designed to lit the economic
economic status o the
beneiciaries and all other arrangements alternati#e to the physical
redistribu
redistribution
tion o lands
lands such as productio
production
n or proit6sha
proit6sharing
ring labor
administration and the distribution o shares o stoc)s which will
allow beneiciaries to recei#e a :ust share o the ruits o the lands
they wor).
Sec. ' Sc#e
CAR+ o 1**8 shall co#er regardless o tenurial arrangement and
commodity
commodity produced
produced all public
public and pri#ate
pri#ate agricultu
agricultural
ral lands
lands
including other lands o the public domain suitable or agriculture;
ro#ided
ro#ided that landholdings
landholdings o landowner
landowners
s with a total area o 
hectar
hectares
es and below
below shall
shall not be co#ere
co#ered
d or ac5uis
ac5uisiti
ition
on and
distribution to 5ualiied beneiciaries.
The . lands are co#ered by CAR;
a. All aliena
alienable
ble and dispos
disposabl
able
e lands o the public
public domain
domain
de#oted to or suitable or agriculture.
b. All lands
lands o the public
public domai
domain
n in e'cess
e'cess o the speci
speciic
ic limits
limits
as determined by Congress in the preceding paragraph<
c. All other
other lands
lands owned
owned by the
the =o#ernm
=o#ernment
ent de#ote
de#oted
d to or
suitable or agriculture<
d. All
All pri#
pri#at
ate
e land
lands
s de#o
de#ote
ted
d to or suit
suitab
able
le or
or agri
agricu
cult
ltur
ure
e
regardless o the agricultural products raised or that can be
raised thereon.
+and 03T co#ered by CAR;
a. ri#ate
ri#ate lands
lands with
with a total area
area o  hectares
hectares and
and below<
below<
b. +ands
+ands actual
actually
ly direct
directly
ly and e'clusi
e'clusi#el
#ely
y used
used or par)s
par)s
wildlie orest reser#es reorestation ish sanctuaries and
breeding grounds watersheds and mangro#es<
c.
ri#ate lands actually directly and e'clusi#ely used or
prawn arms and ishponds
d. +ands actually directly and e'clusi#ely used and ound to be
necessary or; national deense school sites and campuses
e'perimental arm stations seeds and seedling research
and pilot production church sites and con#ents mos5ue
sites and ,slamic centers. Communal burial grounds and
cemeteries penal colonies and penal arms research and
5uarantine centers all lands with 18 > slope and o#er
e'cept those already de#eloped.
Sec.  P%#%"e* + Ac,-*"#! a! D*"%/-"#! Sc0e&e
All remaining agricultural lands during the  yr e'tension period up to
4une !9 $91" in the ollowing order o priority;
a. +ands with an area o more than 9 hectares speciically;
1. Those sub:ected to 0otice o Co#erage on or beore 1$6
19698
$. Rice and corn lands
!. ,dle or abandoned lands
". ri#ate lands #oluntarily oered
. +ands oreclosed
%. +ands ac5uired by the C==
7. All other lands owned by the go#ernment de#oted to or
suitable or agriculture
b. +ands with an area o $" hectares up to 9 hectares
speciically;
c. +ands with an area o more than 19 hectares up to $"
hectares
d. +ands rom the retention limit up to 19 hectares.
?ualiied beneiciaries – only armers and regular armwor)ers
actually tilling the lands as certiied under oath by the @ARC and
attested under oath by the landowners.
Sec. 12 La! Ac,-*"#! (C#&-*#%4 Ac,-*"#!)
P%#ce-%e5
1. ,dentiication by the /AR o the land landowner and beneiciary<
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
$. 0otice by the /AR to the landowner about the compulsory
ac5uisition and the price oer by mail and posting in brgy hall and
municipal hall
!. Reply by the landowner about his acceptance or re:ection o the
oered price.
6, +3 accepts price +@ will pay +3 within !9 days rom e'ecution
and deli#ery o /eed o Transer
6, +3 re:ects /AR will determine :ust compensation thru
administrati#e proceedings<
, +3 disagrees with the decision o the /AR he may bring
the matter to the regular courts o :ustice or inal determination o
:ust compensation.
". Ta)ing o immediate possession o the land by the /AR.
6 , +3 recei#es the corresponding payment< or
6, +3 does not respond to the 0otice o Ac5uisition.
. Re5uest by the /AR to the Registry o /eeds to issue a TCT to
the Republic o the hil.
%. /istribution o the land to the 5ualiied beneiciaries.
$ 03T,C-S re5uired or the #alidity o implementation;
1. 0otice o Co#erage pursuant to /AR A3 0o. 1$ s. 1*8*
$. 0otice o Ac5uisition pursuant to Sec 1% o CAR+
ailure to comply with the proper procedure would be a #iolation o
constitutional due process and should be deemed arbitrary
capricious whimsical and tainted with gra#e abuse o discretion.
hen titleBownership is transerred to the State – upon ull payment
o the :ust compensation. Dntil the 4C is inally determined and ully
paid the titleBownership remains with the +3. -#en i /AR deposited
the oered price with the +@ it does not warrant the cancellation o
the +3Es title.
3pening o a trust account does not constitute payment because the
law re5uires :ust compensation to be paid in cash and +@ bonds
and not by trust account.
Sec. 16
La! Ac,-*"#! (V#-!"a%4 Offe% "# Se)
I!ce!"7e*5 +3 is entitled to an additional > cash payment.
/ocumentary Re5uirements;
1. Title or proo o ownership i untitled<
$. Ta' declaration< and
!. Appro#ed sur#ey plan
, +3 ails to submit the land will be sub:ected to compulsory
ac5uisition.
LANDS NOT COVERED BY LAND AC8UISITION
Sec. 2 Re"e!"#! L&"*
+3 has the right to retain not more than  hectares o his
landholdings. The retained area need not be personally culti#ated by
the +3 – culti#ation can be done indirectly through labor
administration.
Can a +3 who already e'ercised his retention rights under / $7 be
entitled to retention right under CAR+
– 0o more. Fowe#er i the +3 chooses to retain  hectares under
CAR+ the 7 hectares pre#iously retained by him under / $7 shall
be immediately placed under the co#erage o CAR+.
Can spouses retain  hectares each under CAR+ – ,t depends.
a. , the property regime is con:ugal or absolute community –
the spouses can retain only  hectares.
/. , the property regime is separation o property – the
spouses can retain  hectares each (a total o 19 hectares&
ho has the right to choose the retention area – the landowner.
The c0#*e! a%ea should be C32ACT and C30T,=D3DS. As long
as the area to be retained is compact and contiguous and it does not
e'ceed the retention ceiling o  hectares the +3Es choice o the
area to be retained must pre#ail.
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
The +3 should e'ercise his right o retention within %9 days rom
receipt o the 0otice o Co#erage. , he does not e'ercise his right o
retention within the speciied period the 2AR3 will designate the
retained area or the +3. , +3 disagrees with the selected area he
may ile a protest with the 2AR3.
Can a +3 e'ercise his right to retention o#er the land which has
already been co#ered by an - or C+3A
6The issuance o - or C+3A to beneiciaries does not absolutely
bar the +3 rom retaining the area co#ered thereby. , the +3 has
been depri#ed o his right to retention he may ile a petition or
cancellation o the - or C+3A that may ha#e been issued to the
tenants.
Dnder A3 no. $ s. 1**" an - or C+3A may be cancelled i the
land co#ered is later ound to be part o the +3Es retained area.
(/ae #. CA&
, the retention area chosen by the +3 is tenanted what happens to
the tenant
6
The tenant may choose in whether to remain therein or be a
beneiciary in the same or another agricultural land with
similar or comparable eatures.
6
The tenant must choose within 1 year rom the time the +3
maniests his choice o the area or retention.
-lements o tenant6landlord relationship;
1. The +3 has engaged a person to personally culti#ate an
agricultural land< and
$. The +3 is compensated in terms o share in the produce
(share tenancy& or in terms o a price certain or
ascertainable in produce or in money or both (leasehold
tenancy&.
-ect i the tenant chooses to remain in the retained area;
6Fe will no longer be considered as a tenant but as an agricultural
lessee and he will no longer 5ualiy as an agrarian reorm
beneiciary.
Term o lease; the agricultural leasehold relation once established
continues until such leasehold relation is e'tinguished through;
a. Abandonment or #oluntary surrender o the landholding by
the lessee< or
b. Absence o successor in the e#ent o death or permanent
incapacity o the lessee
The relation is not necessarily e'tinguished by death or incapacity it
continues between the lessor and the person who can culti#ate the
landholding personally which the lessor can choose rom; sur#i#ing
spouse< the eldest direct descendant< or the ne't eldest descendant.
-ect i the tenant chooses to be a beneiciary;
6
Fe loses his right to be a lessee o the land retained by the
+3.
Children o the +3 are entitled to ! hectares each. , the +3 owns
more than  hectares o agricultural land the e'cess area may be
awarded to the children o the +3 to the e'tent o ! hectares or each
child under the . conditions;
1. The child is at least 1 yrs old< and
$. The child is actually tilling the land or directly managing the
arm
The child need not directly or personally till the land – it is enough
that he directly manages the arm.
=eneral Rule; +ands awarded to children cannot be sold
transerred con#eyed within 19 years. -GC-T; a. through
hereditary succession< b. to the go#ernment< c. to the +@<
d. to
other 5ualiied beneiciaries
Children or Spouse may repurchase within $ years rom date o
transer
Sec. 2+A. E9ce"#! "# Re"e!"#! L&"*
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
+ocal =o#ernment Dnits e'propriating agricultural lands or actual
direct and e'clusi#e public purpose shall not be sub:ect to the 
hectare retention limit
P%#ce**5 +and will be ac5uired by the 0ational =o#ernment through
the /AR with :ust compensation to the landowner then /AR will
distribute the land to the Agrarian beneiciaries. Ater that +=D will
e'propriate the land and pay agrarian beneiciaries :ust
compensation.
Sec. 1:. E9e&"#!* a! E9c-*#!*
1. +ands actually directly and e'clusi#ely used or par)s
wildlie orest reser#es reorestation ish sanctuaries
and breeding grounds watersheds and mangro#es.
$. ri#ate lands actually directly and e'clusi#ely used or
prawn arms and ishponds ro#ided said prawn arms
and ishponds ha#e not been distributed and C+3A
issued to beneiciaries under CAR.
!. +ands actually directly and e'clusi#ely used and ound
to be necessary or national deense school sites and
campuses including e'perimental arm stations
operated by public or pri#ate schools or educational
purposes seeds and seedling research church sites
cemeteries penal colonies and all lands with 18> slope
and o#er e'cept those already de#eloped.
+ands already classiied or residential commercial or industrial use
by the Fousing and +and Dse Regulatory @oard prior to the
eecti#ity o the CAR+ are 03T sub:ect to agrarian reorm.
Na"aa Rea"4 7 DAR5 The unde#eloped portions o the subdi#ision
cannot be considered Hagricultural landsI. These lots were intended
or residential use. They ceased to be agricultural lands upon
appro#al o their inclusion in the +ungsod Silangan Reser#ation.
-#en today they are continued to be de#eloped as low cost housing
subdi#ision. These lands are still residential lands and outside o the
ambit o CAR+.
S!ce Na"aa a!* ;e%e c#!7e%"e %#% "# <-!e 1=> 16??> DAR
* /#-! /4 *-c0 c#!7e%*#!.
CMU 7 DARAB5 @y the #ery nature o the C2D which is a school
established to promote agriculture and industry the need or #ast
tract o agricultural land or uture e'pansion is ob#ious. As to the
determination o when and what lands are ound to be necessary or
use by the C2D the school is in the best position to resol#e and
answer the 5uestion and pass upon the problem o its needs in
relation to its a#owed ob:ecti#es.
Secretary o Agrarian Reorm – has the :urisdiction and authority to
e'empt or e'clude a property rom the co#erage o the agrarian
reorm program.
Sec. 1 De"e%&!a"#! #f <-*" C#&e!*a"#!
4ust Compensation – the ull and air e5ui#alent o the property ta)en
rom its owner by the e'propriator.
actors used in the #aluation o lands;
1. Capitalied 0et ,ncome (C0,& which is based on land use
and producti#ity
$. Comparable Sales (CS& which is based 79> o the @,R
onal #alue< and
!. 2ar)et Jalue (2J& which is based on the Ta' /eclaration.
Ba*c F#%&-a
hen all actors are present; C0, ' 9.%9 K CS ' 9.!9 K 2J ' 9.19 L
+and Jalue
hen C0, is not present; CS ' 9.*9 K 2J ' 9.19 L +and Jalue
hen CS is not present; C0, ' 9.*9 K 2J ' 9.19 L +and Jalue
hen CS and C0, are not present; 2J ' $ L +and Jalue
@asis in determining 4C; the #alue o the property at the time it was
ta)en rom the owner and appropriated by the go#ernment.
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
Time o ta)ing; when title is transerred to  hilippines or beneiciaries
and when agricultural land #oluntarily oered by a landowner was
appro#ed by ARC.
, there is delay the #alue should be determined not at the time o
ta)ing o the land but at the time o ull payment o the :ust
compensation.
rocedure or determination o 4ust Compensation;
1. +@ determines #alue o the land
$. Dsing +@Es #aluation the /AR ma)es an oer to the +3.
!. ,n case the +3 re:ects the oer the /AR conducts a
summary administrati#e proceeding to determine the
compensation or the land by re5uiring the +3 the +@ and
other interested parties to submit e#idence as to the :ust
compensation.
". A party who disagrees with the decision o the ad:udicator
may bring the matter to the RTC designated as a Special
Agrarian Court or inal determination o :ust compensation.
Role o the /ARA@; They can conduct a summary administrati#e
proceeding or the preliminary determination o :ust compensation in
order to determine whether land #aluation computations o the +@
are in accordance with the rules or administrati#e order.
ho conducts reliminary roceedings o +and Jaluation
1. ARA/ – when the initial land #aluation o +@ is less than
19million
$. RARA/ – when the initial land #aluation o +@ is 19million6
9million
!. /ARA@ – when the initial land #aluation o +@ is abo#e
9million
, ARA/ is not a#ailable RARA/ will conduct it notwithstanding the
#alue o the land
, RARA/ is not a#ailable /ARA@ will conduct or designate an
Ad:udicator rom among the ARA/s in the region.
Jaluation set by /AR is not conclusi#e. +3 may contest it to RTC
within 1 days rom receipt o the boardEs decision. Dpon iling with
the RTC6SAC party shall ile 0otice o iling o 3riginal Action with
the @oardBAd:udicator together with Certiied True Copy o petition
iled with SAC.
ailure to ile notice or submit Certiied True Copy the decision o the
@oard will be inal and e'ecutory. hen notice and CTC are
recei#ed the @oard shall not issue writ o e'ecution.
'. O"0e% Fa%&;#%e%*
=. Ac"-a Te%* #% Occ-a!"* #f P-/c La!*
2. C#ec"7e* #% C##e%a"7e*
. O"0e%* %ec"4 ;#%!$ #! "0e a!
PROVIDED> 0#;e7e% c0%e! #f a!#;!e%*
%efe%e!ce a! ac"-a "e!a!" "e%* !#" /e eec"e.
Consent o beneiciary
compensation.
ho are eligible to become Agrarian Reorm @eneiciaries –
+andless resident o the same barangay or municipality
+andless Resident – armer or tiller who owns less than ! hectares o
land
?ualiications;
1. ilipino Citien
$. Resident o barangay or municipality where landholding is
located
!. At least 1 years old at the time o identiication screening
and selection
". illing able and e5uipped with aptitude to culti#ate and
ma)e land producti#e
is not re5uired in determination
o
Sec 1?. Va-a"#! a! M#e #f C#&e!*a"#!
1. Cash ayment
or lands abo#e 9 hectares; $> cash balance to
be paid in go#ernment inancial instruments
negotiable at any time.
or lands abo#e $" hectares to 9 hectares; !9>
cash balance to be paid in go#ernment inancial
instruments negotiable at any time.
or lands $" hectares and below; !> cash
balance to be paid in go#ernment inancial
instruments negotiable at any time.
$. Shares o stoc) in =3CCs +@ preerred shares physical
assets or other 5ualiied in#estments in accordance with
guidelines set by the ARC<
!. Ta' credits which can be used against any ta' liability<
". +@ bonds which shall mature e#ery year until the 19 th year
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/e
$7e!
Sec. @@ – A. O%e% #f P%#%"4
C0%e! – 3 0ec"a%e* eac0
A$%c-"-%a Le**ee*> S0a%e Te!a!"* a! Re$-a%
Fa%&;#%e%* – 3 0ec"a%e* eac0
T0e! "0e %e&a!!$ /e $7e! "# Sea*#!a Fa%&;#%e%*>
O"0e% Fa%&;#%e%*> Ac"-a Te%* #% Occ-a!"* #f
P-/c La!*> C#ec"7e* #% C##e%a"7e*> O"0e%*
%ec"4 ;#%!$ #! "0e a!.
+A0/ R-/,STR,@DT,30
Sec. @@ 8-afe Be!efca%e*
T0e a!* c#7e%e /4 "0e CARP *0a /e *"%/-"e a* &-c0 a*
#**/e "# a!e** %e*e!"* #f "0e *a&e /a%a!$a4 #% ! "0e
a/*e!ce "0e%e#f> a!e** %e*e!"* #f "0e *a&e &-!ca"4 !
"0e ff. #%e% #f %#%"45
1. A$%c-"-%a Le**ee* a! S0a%e Te!a!"*
@. Re$-a% Fa%&;#%e%*
3. Sea*#!a Fa%&;#%e%*
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
Sec. @3. D*"%/-"#! L&"
N# ,-afe /e!efca%4 &a4 #;! &#%e "0a! 3 0ec"a%e* #f
a$%c-"-%a a!
Criteria o rioritiation; illingness Aptitude Ability to culti#ate and
ma)e land producti#e< hysical Capacity< +ength o Ser#ice
actors in determining sie o land; type o crop< type o soil< weather
patterns< other pertinent actors critical or success o beneiciaries
Sec. @'. A;a% "# Be!efca%e*
hen does rights and responsibilities commence – rom their
receipt o a duly registered - or C+3A and actual physical
possession o the awarded land. Such award shall be completed in
not more than 189 days rom the date o registration o the title in the
name o the Republic o the hilippines.
ending issuance o C+3A the beneiciaries ha#e usuructuary
rights o#er the awarded land.
Transer o ownership to the beneiciaries is not automatic.
Title and ownership o#er the land can be transerred to the
beneiciaries #!4 -#! f- a4&e!" #f "0e -*" c#&e!*a"#! "#
"0e a!#;!e%.
registration the 16year period shall be rec)oned rom constructi#e
occupation o the land.
Sec. @= A;a% Ce!$* f#% Be!efca%e*
Be!efca%e* *0a /e a;a%e a! a%ea !#" e9cee!$ 3
0ec"a%e*.
=eneral Rule; +and should be awarded to the indi#idual armer
beneiciary and should be co#ered by an !7-a ""e.
Fowe#er i the beneiciaries opt or collecti#e
ownership collecti#e ownership title may be issued in the name o
the co6owners or the collecti#e organiation.
Sec. @2. Pa4&e!" /4 Be!efca%e*
hen does the /AR issue C+3A – only upon ull payment o
amortiation by the armer6beneiciary. The C+3A in turn becomes
the basis or the issuance in his name o an original or transer
certiicate o title.
C+3As become indeeasible and imprescriptible ater 1 year rom its
registration with the Registry o /eeds.
=rounds or cancellation o C+3A;
1. Abandonment o land
$. 0eglect or 2isuse o land
!. ailure to pay ! annual amortiations
". 2isuse or di#ersion o inancial and support ser#ices
. Sale transer or con#eyance o right to use land
%. ,llegal con#ersion o land
3bligations o Agrarian Reorm @eneiciaries;
-'ercise due diligence in the use culti#ation and
maintenance o the land including impro#ements thereon<
and
ay the +@ !9 annual amortiations with %> interest per
annum.
The amortiation will start 1 year rom the date o registration o the
C+3A. Fowe#er i actual occupancy o the land ta)es place ater the
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ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
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ayable to +@ in !9 annual amortiations with %> interest
per annum.
ayment starts; 1 year rom date o registration o the C+3A<
or date o actual occupancy i the occupancy too) place
ater the registration o C+3A.
@asis o Amortiation; 2a'. amortiation is > o the annual
gross production as established by the /AR. Ater the  th year
the interest rate andBor the principal obligation may be reduced
by the +@ to ma)e the repayment aordable.
-ect o ailure to pay ! annual amortiations;
+@ can oreit landholding and award it to other 5ualiied
beneiciaries. The beneiciary whose land has been oreclosed or
oreited will be permanently dis5ualiied rom becoming a
beneiciary.
Sec. @. T%a!*fe%a/"4 #f A;a%e La!*
Be!efca%e* ca!!#"> ;"0! a e%# #f 1: 4ea%*> *e #%
"%a!*fe% #;!e%*0 #f "0e a! e9ce"5 "0%#-$0 0e%e"a%4
*-cce**#!> "# "0e $#7e%!&e!"> "# "0e LBP> #% "# #"0e%
,-afe /e!efca%e*.
-ect o sale or transer to the go#ernment or the +@; the
children or the spouse o the transeror can repurchase the land
within $years rom the date o transer.
JAR,AT,30S ,0 +A0/ AC?D,S,T,30
Sec. 31. C#%#%a"e La!#;!e%*
Can a beneiciary who has not ully paid amortiations sell the
land to another Mes under . conditions; Appro#al o the /AR<
land should be sold only to an heir or to any other 5ualiied
beneiciary< and the transeree must underta)e to culti#ate the
land himsel otherwise the +@ will ta)e the land or proper
disposition.
, complied with +@ will compensate the beneiciary in one
lump sum or the amounts he has already paid together with
#alue o impro#ements.
Can the beneiciary lease the land Mes pro#ided that the lease
is or agricultural purposes. , or non6agricultural see) appro#al
o the /AR. ,t can also be leased to ormer +3 ater obtaining
appro#al rom the /AR through the ARC.
,2R3J-2-0T 3 TF- +-AS-F3+/ R-+AT,30SF,
Sec. 1@. De"e%&!a"#! #f Lea*e Re!"a*
DAR 0a* "0e #;e% "# f9 %e!"a*> in this wise;
or lands de#oted to rice and other crops – $> o the
a#erage normal har#est ater deducting the amount used
or seeds and the cost o har#esting or threshing. ,
there has been no normal har#est then the estimated
normal har#est during the ! agricultural yrs immediately
preceding the date the leasehold was established.
or sugarcane lands – $> o a#erage normal har#est
less the #alue o the cost o seedsBcane points
har#esting loading hauling andBor truc)ing ee and
cost o processing.
or coconut lands – $> o the a#erage normal har#est
or a speciic area or the preceding ! calendar years
less the #alue o production cost.
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ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
$ schemes a#ailable to corporate +os<
1. Joluntary +and Transer
$. Stoc) distribution
@oth schemes are no longer operati#e. 3nly allowed up to 4une !9
$99*. Ater this date the modes o ac5uisition are limited to #oluntary
oer to sell and compulsory ac5uisition.
Sec. 3@. P%#-c"#!+S0a%!$
+
, more than 2 gross salesByear are realied;
!> o the gross sales 6 to be distributed to regular and other
arm wor)ers
1> o the gross sales – to be distributed to the managerial
super#isory and technical employees
+
, proits are realied – additional 19> o the net proit ater
ta' to be distributed to regular and other armwor)ers.
T0* *ec"#! ;a* eca%e -!c#!*""-"#!a ;"0 %e*ec" "#
7e*"#c a! #-"%4.
Sec. 3@+A. I!ce!"7e*
,ncenti#es or regular ishpond or prawn arm wor)ers is 7.> o the
net proit beore ta' o#er.
C30J-RS,30 3 A=R,CD+TDRA+ +A0/S
Sec. 2=. C#!7e%*#! #f La!*
Con#ersion – is the act o changing the current use o a piece o
agricultural land into some other use as appro#ed by the /AR to
wit;
6or residential commercial industrial and other non6agricultural
purposes<
6or another type o agricultural acti#ity such as li#estoc) poultry
and ishpond the eect o which is to e'empt the land rom CAR
co#erage.
6or non6agricultural use other than that pre#iously authoried.
Reclassiication – is the act o speciying how agricultural lands shall
be utilied or non6agricultural uses such as residential industrial
and commercial as embodied in the land use plan sub:ect to the
re5uirements and procedures or land use con#ersion.
-ect o reclassiication; ,t does not automatically allow the +3 to
change its use it must undergo C30J-RS,30 beore he can use
the agricultural land or other purposes.
Scope o /AREs con#ersion authority; Those ater the eecti#ity o
RA no. %%7
ho can apply or con#ersion
1. The beneiciary
$. The +andowner with respect only to his retained area which
is tenanted
hen to ile application or con#ersion
6Ater the lapse o  years rom the award o the land.
Conditions beore application or con#ersion be iled;
1. hen the land ceases to be economically easible or
agricultural purposes
$. hen the locality has become urbanied and the land will
ha#e a greater economic #alue or residential commercial or
industrial purposes.
3bligations o the beneiciary when con#ersion is appro#ed;
1. ,n#est 19> o the proceeds rom the con#ersion in
go#ernment securities< and
$. ay +@ the ull price o the land upon con#ersion.
+ands not sub:ect to con#ersion;
1. Agricultural lands within protected areas designated by
0,AS
$. All irrigated lands
!.
All irrigable lands already co#ered by irrigation pro:ects with
irm unding commitments
". All agricultural lands with irrigation acilities operated by
pri#ate organiations
Areas highly restricted rom con#ersion;
1. ,rrigable lands not co#ered by irrigation pro:ects with irm
unding commitments
$. Agro6industrial croplands
!. Fighlands
". +ands issued with notice o land #aluation and ac5uisition
. -n#ironmentally critical areas
-ect o ailure to implement appro#ed con#ersion; +and will
continue to be co#ered by CAR
Sec. 2=+A. C#!7e%*#! !"# F*0#! a! P%a;! Fa%&*
Ge!e%a R-e5 N# c#!7e%*#! #f P-/c A$%c-"-%a La!* !"#
F*0#!* a! P%a;! Fa%&*.
E9ce"5 when the coastal one is declared suitable or ishpond
de#elopment by the pro#incial go#ernment and @AR
, condition is complied with /-0R can allow the lease and
de#elopment o the area.
ri#ate Agricultural +ands; can be con#erted into ishponds and
prawn arms up to a ma'imum area o  hectares. @DT /AR may
appro#e more than  hectares i;
The use o the land is more economically easible and sound or
ishpondBprawn arm< Simple and absolute ma:ority o the regular
arm wor)ersBtenants agree to the con#ersion.
Sec. 2=+B. I!7e!"#%4
Felps /AR monitor unauthoried con#ersion o lands
ishpondsBprawn arms.
Sec. 2=+C. C0a!$e #f C%#*
To harmonie agrarian reorm with the en#ironmental laws
C0a!$e #f c%#* #e* !#" !ee DAR a%#7a.
Sec. '1. P%e*e!"a A$%a%a! Ref#%& C#-!c (PARC)
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
into
Chairperson; resident o the hilippines
Jice6Chairperson; Secretary o Agrarian Reorm
2embers;
Secretary o /epartment o Agriculture
Secretary o /epartment o -n#ironment and 0atural Resources
Secretary o /epartment o @udget and 2anagement
Secretary o /epartment o ,nterior and +ocal =o#ernment
Secretary o /epartment o ublic or)s and Fighways
Secretary o /epartment o Trade and ,ndustry
Secretary o /epartment o inance
Secretary o /epartment o +abor and -mployment
/irector6=eneral o 0ational -conomic and /e#elopment Authority
resident o +and @an) o the hilippines
Administrator o 0ational ,rrigation Authority
Administrator o +and Registration Authority
% representati#es o aected +3s to represent +uon Jisayas
2indanao
% representati#es o Agrarian Reorm @eneiciaries ($ each rom
+uJi2in; At least 1 rom indigenous peoples at least 1 rom duly
recognied 0ational 3rganiation o Rural omen At least $9> o
the members o ARC should be women but not less than $&
Sec. '@ E9ec-"7e C#&&""ee
Chairman; Secretary o the /AR
2embers; (resident will designate&
Sec. '3 Sec%e"a%a"
To pro#ide general support and coordinati#e ser#ices or the ARC
Fead; Secretary o the /AR (he appoints all oicers and employees
o secretariat&
Assistant; Dndersecretary
Support; Sta (determined by ARC -GC32&
Sec. '' P%#7!ca A$%a%a! Ref#%& C##%!a"!$ C#&&""ee
(PARCCOM)
Chairman; (appointed by the resident upon recommendation o the
-GC32&
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
-'ecuti#e 3icer; ro#incial Agrarian Reorm 3icer (AR3&
1 representati#e each; /A /-0R +@
1 representati#e each; e'isting armerEs organiation agricultural
cooperati#es and 0=3s
$ representati#es rom +3s
$ representati#es rom armer and armwor)ers or beneiciaries
1 representati#e rom cultural communities
Sec. '= P%#7!ce+/4+P%#7!ce I&e&e!"a"#! (/4 PARCCOM)
or the peculiarities and needs o each pro#ince
Sec. '2. Ba%a!$a4 A$%a%a! Ref#%& C#&&""ee (BARC)
1. armers and armwor)ers @eneiciaries
$. armers and armwor)ers 0on6beneiciaries
!. Agricultural Cooperati#es
". 3ther armer 3rganiations
. @arangay Council
%. 0=3s
7. +andowners
8. +@
*. 3icial o the /A assigned to the barangay
19. 3icial o the /-0R assigned to the area
11. /AR technologist assigned to the area – may act as
secretary
Sec. ' F-!c"#!* #f "0e BARC
1. To participate and gi#e support to the implementation o
programs on agrarian reorm
$. To mediate conciliate or arbitrate agrarian conlicts and
issues that are brought to it or resolution
!. To perorm such other unctions that the ARC -GC32 or
/AR secretary may delegate
Sec. '? Le$a A***"a!ce
@ARC may see) legal ad#ice rom /AR to ensure solution is within
the bounds o law
Sec. '6 R-e* a! Re$-a"#!*
Substanti#e and rocedural
Ta)e eect; 19 days ater publication in $ national newspapers o
general circulation
Sec. 23 F-!!$ S#-%ce
4ust compensation payment to +3s – rom Agrarian Reorm und
Amount needed to implement CAR; 19billion pesos
Amount rom =AA – not less than billion pesos
Creba v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform: Reclassification is the act
of specifying how agricultural lands shall be utilized for nonagricultural uses such as residential, commercial, industrial. The
authority of the DAR to approve or disapprove conversion can only
be exercised after the effectivity of RA !". #onversion is needed
to change the current use of reclassified agricultural lands.
Sta. Rosa Realty v CA: Agricultural lands that were already
reclassified as non-agricultural prior to $une %!, %&'' does not
re(uire any conversion clearance or authority from the DAR because
said lands are not covered by #AR).
R-S3+DT,30
3
A=RAR,A0
/,SDT-S
Sec. =: 8-a*+<-ca P#;e%* #f "0e DAR
The /AR is hereby #ested with R,2ARM 4DR,S/,CT,30 to
determine and ad:udicate agrarian reorm matter and shall ha#e
-GC+DS,J- 3R,=,0A+ 4DR,S/,CT,30 o#er all matters in#ol#ing
the implementation o agrarian reorm -GC-T those alling under
the e'clusi#e :urisdiction o /A and /-0R.
Two6old 4urisdiction o the /AR;
1. -ssentially e9ec-"7e and pertains to the enorcement and
administration o the laws carrying them into practical
operation and enorcing their due obser#ance.
$. <-ca and in#ol#es the determination o rights and
obligations o the parties
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
/AR
Sec.Regional
3iceAR32AR3 –
concerns the
implementation o agrarian reorm laws (e 'ecuti#e&
/ARA@RARA/ARA/ – concerns ad:udication o agrarian reorm
disputes (:udicial&
?uasi64udicial 4urisdiction o the /AR; thru /ARA@
1. rimary 4urisdiction to determine and ad:udicate agrarian
reorm matters
$. Appellate 4urisdiction o#er orders and decisions o the
agrarian reorm ad:udicators
?uasi64udicial owers o the /AR; thru /ARA@
1. To hear and decide cases within its :urisdiction
$. Summon witnesses
!. Administer 3aths
". Ta)e testimony
. ,ssue subpoena ad testiicandum or duces tecum
%. ,ssue writs o e'ecution< and
7. unish direct or indirect contempt
ARA/ – generally has primary and e'clusi#e :urisdiction to hear
and decide agrarian disputes.
Agrarian /ispute – any contro#ersy relating to tenurial arrangements
whether leasehold tenancy stewardship or otherwise o#er lands
de#oted to agriculture including disputes concerning armwor)ers
associations or representation o persons in negotiating i'ing
maintaining changing or see)ing to arrange terms or conditions o
such tenurial arrangements.
N0ot e#ery case in#ol#ing an agricultural land automatically ma)es it
an agrarian dispute upon which the /ARA@ has :urisdiction.
, occupancy and possession was by mere tolerance there is no
agrarian dispute.
A-A+; decisions o ARA/ are appealable to the /ARA@ within
1 days.
/ARA@ has no :urisdiction o#er;
1. 2atters pertaining to ownership
$. Retention or -'emption ,ssues
!. Right o ay ,ssues (+aguna -state # CA&
". ,dentiy and Classiy landholdings or agrarian reorm
co#erage
. 2atters pertaining to identiication and selection o
beneiciaries
Sec. =:+A E9c-*7e <-%*c"#! #! A$%a%a! D*-"e
Agrarian case iled in regular court must 03T be dismissed but
reerred to the /AR or the purpose o determining whether an
agrarian dispute e'ists.
1 days to appeal the ruling o /AR to RTC and CA
Sec. =1. F!a"4 #f De"e%&!a"#!
The case shall be decided within !9 days ater submission or
resolution. 3nly one motion or reconsideration is allowed. Rulings
ater 1 days shall be inal.
Sec. =@ F%7##-* Aea*
/AR may impose reasonable penalties including but not limited to
ine and censure
Sec. =3 Ce%"fca"#! #f "0e BARC
,t is a prere5uisite to iling o a complaint beore the /ARA@. ,t is not
needed in :udicial determination o :ust compensation where Special
Agrarian Courts ta)e cogniance not /ARA@.
Sec. =' Ce%"#%a%
,t is a remedy rom an ad#erse ruling o the /AR within 1 days rom
notice o ruling brought to CA.
Secretary o the /AR – has e'clusi#e and original :urisdiction o#er all
cases in#ol#ing the cancellation o registered -s C+3A other
titles.
R3+- 3 S-C,A+ A=RAR,A0 C3DRTS ,0 +A0/ JA+DAT,30
A0/ -0A+ R3J,S,30S
Sec. =2. Seca A$%a%a! C#-%"
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
The SC shall designate at least one branch o the RTC within each
pro#ince to act as a Special Agrarian Court.
Sec. = Seca <-%*c"#!
SAC shall ha#e original and e'clusi#e original :urisdiction o#er all
petitions;
1. or the determination o :ust compensation
$. Criminal #iolations o the CAR+
4ust compensation preliminarily determined by the /ARA@ should be
iled with SAC within 1 days rom notice
Sec. =? A#!"&e!" #f C#&&**#!e%*
SAC may appoint one or more commissioners to e'amine
in#estigate and ascertain acts rele#ant to the dispute including the
#aluation o properties and to ile a written report thereo with the
court.
3b:ections to the CommissionerEs report; signiy within 19 days
Sec. =6 O%e% #f "0e Seca A$%a%a! C#-%"
0o interlocutory order shall be ele#ated to the appellate courts until
hearing has been terminated
Sec. 2: Aea*
Remedy rom an ad#erse decision o the SAC; etition or Re#iew
not an ordinary appeal.
iled within 1 days otherwise the decision shall become inal.
Remedy rom ad#erse decision o the CA; appeal by Certiorari with
the SC wBn 1 days
SD3RT S-RJ,C-S 3R TF- AR2-RS A0/ +3s
Sec. 32 F-!!$ f#% S-#%" Se%7ce*
-stablishment o Agrarian Reorm Communities it will be composed
o and managed by agrarian reorm beneiciaries who shall be willing
to be organied and to underta)e the integrated de#elopment o an
area their organiations or cooperati#es.
Sec. 3 S-#%" Se%7ce* f#% "0e A$%a%a! Ref#%& Be!efca%e*
1. +and Sur#eys and titling
$. +iberalied access to credit
!. Socialied terms on agricultural credit acilities
". Technology transer
. ,nrastructures such as storage acilities mini dams etc.
Sec. 3+A E,-a S-#%" Se%7ce* f#% R-%a W#&e!
Rural omen – those engaged directly or indirectly in arming or
ishing as their source o li#elihood whether paid or unpaid regular
or seasonal or in ood preparation managing the household caring
or the children and other similar acti#ities.
Ser#ices; -5ual Right to ownership o land< -5ual shares o the
armEs produce< representation in ad#isory or appropriate decision6
ma)ing bodies.
Sec. 3? S-#%" Se%7ce* f#% LO*
ANGELA MARIE A. ALMALBIS
The most notable ser#ice; incenti#e granted to a +3 who in#ests in
rural6based industries.
Sec. 36 La! C#!*#a"#!
,ntended to;
1. romote e5ual distribution o landholdings
$. ro#ide the needed inrastructures in agriculture
!. Conser#e soil ertility and pre#ent erosion
Sec. 3 P%#0/"e Ac"* a! O&**#!*
Criminal #iolations o CAR+; ownership or possession in e'cess o
awarded land< orcible entry or illegal detainer< illegal con#ersion
sale transer con#eyance o lands outside o urban centers etc.
Sec. 3+A E9ce"#!
The sale or transer o a mortgaged agricultural land as a result o
ban)Es oreclosure is not a criminal #iolation o the CAR+.