Sobotta том 1 рус англ.лат

Под редакцией Р. Пуца и Р. Пабста Атлас анатомии человека Том 1 ВПЕРВЫЕ НА ТРЕХ ЯЗЫКАХ русский латинский английский Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность Структура томов 1 и 2 Том 1 001 032 118 157 258 352 379 Общая анатомия General anatomy Голова Head Шея Neck Верхняя конечность Upper limb Головной мозг Brain Глаз Eye Ухо Ear 001 006 Поверхность тела Surface 032 014 Опорно-двигательный аппарат Locomotor system 033 Поверхность тела Surface 064 Скелет Skeleton 118 118 Поверхность тела, c. 32 Surface p. 32 157 178 Скелет Skeleton 258 352 353 Поверхность тела Surface 379 354 Скелет Skeleton 380 Обзор Overview Органы Organs Веки Eyelids Наружное ухо Outer ear 278 Черепные нервы Cranial nerves 284 Оболочки мозга Meninges Слезный аппарат Lacrimal apparatus 362 Мышцы глаза Muscles of the eye Внутреннее ухо Inner ear Желудочки Ventricles Топография Topography Том 2 001 046 074 128 182 262 Спина Back Стенки грудной и брюшной полостей Thoracic and abdominal walls Органы грудной полости Thoracic viscera Органы брюшной полости Abdominal viscera Органы полости таза и забрюшинного пространства Pelvic viscera and retroperitoneal space Нижняя конечность Lower limb 001 002 Поверхность тела Surface 046 Сердце Heart 128 090 Почка Kidney 052 092 189 262 Поверхность тела Surface 110 Пищевод Oesophagus 263 Скелет Skeleton 112 142 156 Поджелудочная железа Pancreas 192 306 Мышцы Muscles Срезы Sections 152 Печень Liver Мочевой пузырь Urinary bladder Срезы Sections 120 Топография Topography Тимус Thymus Толстая кишка Large intestine 072 Топография Topography Органы Organs 190 Надпочечник Suprarenal gland Срезы Sections 066 064 104 138 Тонкая кишка Small intestine 029, 035 Топография Topography Мышцы Muscles Легкие Lungs 134 035 Мышцы Muscles Скелет Skeleton Трахея Trachea Желудок Stomach 182 Скелет Skeleton 047 Поверхность тела Surface 074 026 344 Топография Topography Селезенка Spleen 210 Половые органы Genitalia 380 Срезы Sections 157 Прямая кишка Rectum Топография Topography 216 Топография Topography 242 Срезы Sections 323 Топография Topography Зрительный путь Optic pathway 398 Проводящие пути Pathways 312 370 Глазное яблоко Eyeball 396 390 310 Части мозга Parts of the brain 358 356 Среднее ухо Middle ear Срезы Sections Топография Topography Срезы Sections Топография Topography 383 154 251 266 Основание черепа Cranial base Срезы Sections 140 214 Мышцы Muscles 264 Кровеносные сосуды Blood vessels 122 Мышцы Muscles Кожа Skin 116 Области органов Organ areas Топография Topography Скелет Skeleton Vol. II Контролирующие системы Control systems 086 118 158 Поверхность тела Surface Метаболические системы Metabolic systems 074 Мышцы Muscles 031 018 372 Топография Topography Срезы Sections 340 Спинной мозг Spinal cord 348 Проводящие пути Pathways Атлас анатомии человека Том 1 Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen Herausgegeben von R. Putz und R. Pabst unter Mitarbeit von Renate Putz Band 1 Kopf, Hals, obere Extremität 22, neu bearbeitete Auflage 727 farbige Tafelbilder mit 1070 Einzelabbildungen URBAN & FISCHER München · Jena Атлас анатомии человека В двух томах Под редакцией Р. Путца и Р. Пабста при участии Ренаты Путц Том 1 Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность 727 цветных иллюстраций 1070 рисунков Рид Элсивер Москва 2010 УДК 611(084.4) ББК 28.706я6 S-70 Данное издание представляет собой перевод оригинального издания Sobotta. Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen под редакцией R. Putz и R. Pabst. Перевод опубликован по контракту с издательством Elsevier GmbH Перевод и научное редактирование Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анатомии человека Российского государственного медицинского университета Владислав Васильевич Куликов S-70 Sobotta. Атлас анатомии человека [Текст] / Под ред. Р. Путца, Р. Пабста; пер. с англ., под ред. В.В. Куликова. В 2 т. Том 1: Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность. — М. : Рид Элсивер, 2010. — 432 с. : ил. : 24,8 см. — Перевод изд. Sobotta. Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen / Herausgegeben von R. Putz, R. Pabst. — ISBN 978-5-91713-056-9. «Атлас анатомии человека», созданный Йоханнесом Соботта, директором Анатомического института Боннского университета, и изданный впервые более ста лет назад, стал для многих поколений врачей самым фундаментальным источником сведений по макроскопической анатомии, а также ценнейшим справочником для студентов, проходящих обучение клиническим дисциплинам, и врачей, получающих постдипломное образование. В новое издание, детально освещающее всю макроскопическую анатомию и содержащее около 2000 иллюстраций высокого качества, включены более 200 новых рисунков, в первую очередь клинического характера, в том числе изображения, созданные с помощью новых методов визуализации (рентгенография, МРТ, КТ и т.д.), эндоскопические картины, интраоперационные цветные фотографии внутренних органов, изображения больных с типичными параличами и т.п. Атлас построен по регионарному принципу, что соответствует темам учебных сертификационных циклов. Упрощенные схемы вводного характера и общие обзоры помогают понять более сложные рисунки и связи. Ко второму тому атласа прилагается брошюра с таблицами по мышцам, суставам и нервам, содержащими краткую информацию об их анатомии и функциях. Издание в полной мере соответствует реформированному учебному плану высшего медицинского образования, в котором особое значение придается клинической направленности преподавания доклинических дисциплин. УДК 611(084.4) ББК 28.706я6 «Sobotta. Атлас анатомии человека» в русской редакции состоит из 2 томов и приложения (включено в том 2) Том 1: Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность Том 2: Туловище. Внутренние органы. Нижняя конечность Предупреждение. Все права, включая перевод, защищены. Никакая часть данного издания не может быть воспроизведена, помещена в поисковую систему или передана в любой иной форме или любым иным способом, в том числе посредством электронных носителей, механически, фотокопированием, записью и т.п., без предварительного письменного разрешения издателя. ISBN 978-5-91713-056-9 (рус.) Том 1 ISBN 978-3437-444-005 (нем.) Vol. 1 © Elsevier GmbH, München, 2006 © ООО «Рид Элсивер», ООО «Логосфера», перевод, оформление русского издания, 2010 Атлас анатомии человека Том 1 Голова. Шея. Верхняя конечность «Атлас анатомии человека» создан Йоханнесом Соботта (Johannes Sobotta), профессором анатомии, директором Анатомического института Боннского университета, Германия Немецкие издания атласа 1-е изд.: 1904–1907 2–11-е изд.: 1913–1944 12-е изд.: 1948 13-е изд.: 1953 14-е изд.: 1956 15-е изд.: 1957 16-е изд.: 1967 17-е изд.: 1972 18-е изд.: 1982 19-е изд.: 1988 20-е изд.: 1993 21-е изд.: 2000 22-е изд.: 2006 Издания атласа на других языках Английское издание (с английской терминологией), Williams & Wilkins Английское издание (с латинской терминологией), Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fisher Арабское издание, Дамаск Венгерское издание, Будапешт Греческое издание, Афины Датское издание, Хоутен Индонезийское издание, Джакарта Испанское издание, Буэнос-Айрес/Мадрид Итальянское издание, Турин Китайское издание, Тайвань Китайское издание (упрощенная версия), Сингапур Корейское издание, Сеул Польское издание, Вроцлав Португальское издание (с английской терминологией), Рио-де-Жанейро Португальское издание (с латинской терминологией), Рио-де-Жанейро Турецкое издание, Стамбул Французское издание, Париж Хорватское издание, Ястребарско Японское издание, Токио Редакторы Доктор медицины, профессор Рейнхард Путц Родился в Инсбруке (Австрия). Изучал медицину в университете Инсбрука. Работал ассистентом, доцентом, консультантом в Анатомическом институте университета, руководил Анатомическими институтами университетов Фрайбурга и Мюнхена. В течение ряда лет был президентом Европейской ассоциации клинических анатомов, председателем Общества анатомов. Первый проректор Мюнхенского университета Людвига-Максимилиана. Член Германской Академии естествоиспытателей и врачей (Леопольдина). Область научных исследований и интересов – Функциональная анатомия пассивной части опорно-двигательного аппарата – Эволюция и функциональная анатомия позвоночного столба – Морфофункциональные отношения суставов – Прикладная анатомия (анатомические основания в ортопедии, хирургии, радиологии) – Вопросы содержания и плана высшего медицинского образования – Внедрение в университетах дидактических обучающих программ Доктор медицины, профессор Рейнхард Пабст Родился в Позене. Изучал медицину в Ганноверской высшей медицинской школе и в Глазго (Шотландия). Работал научным сотрудником, доцентом кафедры клинической физиологии университета Ульма и Ганноверской высшей медицинской школы. В течение ряда лет заведовал кафедрами топографической анатомии и биомеханики, функциональной и прикладной анатомии. Был проректором по учебной работе и деканом Ганноверской медицинской школы, проректором по научной работе. Член Германской Академии естествоиспытателей и врачей (Леопольдина). Область научных исследований и интересов – Функциональная анатомия лимфоидных органов – Пролиферация и миграция лимфоцитов – Развитие иммунной системы кишечника – Функции иммунной системы легких – Вопросы клинической направленности преподавания анатомии в медицинском образовании – Оценка качества преподавания От научного редактора русского издания Для меня большая честь представить отечественным медикам российское издание хорошо известного как за рубежом, так и в нашей стране “Sobotta. Atlas of Human Anatomy”, к переводу которого отважно приступило издательство «Логосфера». Так уж сложилось, что российские анатомы не смогли поддержать приоритетные отечественные издания в этой области (приятное исключение — атлас Р.Д. Синельникова) в отличие от наших западных коллег (например, постоянно обновляемая “Gray’s Anatomy”). Представляемый атлас, впервые изданный профессором Йоханнесом Соботта в 1904–1907 гг., выдержал более 20 изданий благодаря своим качествам и постоянному совершенствованию. Данное издание атласа в полной мере воспроизводит оригинал при незначительной коррекции. Так, некоторые термины приведены в соответствие с современными “Terminologia Anatomica“ (1998, отечественное издание с русскоязычными эквивалентами — 2003) и “Terminologia Histologica“ (2008, отечественное издание с русскоязычными эквивалентами — 2009). Термины, не приведенные в действующей в настоящее время анатомической терминологии, в переводе стоят в круглых скобках. Обозначения ветвей нервных (часто — и сосудистых) стволов дополнены указаниями на материнскую структуру (также в круглых скобках). В квадратных скобках приведены вторые термины из “Terminologia Anatomica“, часто употребляемые в качестве синонимов в отечественной или англоязычной медицинской среде. При подготовке русского издания возникали сложности из-за различий в отечественных и западных трактовках, неполного соответствия содержания иллюстрации последним данным о строении образования, а также из-за отсутствия в международной и отечественной терминологии аналога компонента, приведенного в атласе (например, в классифи- кации суставов, нервных волокон, в строении суставной капсулы и т.п.). В таких случаях мы находили компромиссные решения. При работе с атласом следует осторожно относиться к приводимым цифрам, характеризующим частоту тех или иных вариантов, поскольку они очень приблизительны. «Sobotta. Атлас анатомии человека» благодаря наглядности и содержательности является хорошим подспорьем и студенту, и начинающему врачу, и специалисту в освоении и углублении знаний о структурной организации тела человека и его составляющих. В атласе рационально представлены и традиционные формы изображения анатомических конструкций вместе с гистотопограммами, и современные способы визуализации объектов в виде эндоскопических картин, УЗИ, КТ, МРТ и т.п. Информативность атласа существенно улучшилась за счет многочисленных схем, диаграмм и таблиц, систематизирующих и поясняющих материал. Возможности атласа, переведенного на русский язык, значительно расширены путем одновременного использования терминов на латинском, русском и английском языках в соответствии с официальными списками “Terminologia Anatomica“ и “Terminologia Histologica“. Это позволяет уверенно работать с атласом как отечественным студентам, так и иностранным, обучающимся в России на английском языке, а также врачам, планирующим продолжить учебу и работу в других странах и нуждающихся в ознакомлении с английской анатомической терминологией, компоненты которой нередко отличаются от латинских терминов. В этом аспекте атлас может служить также терминологическим справочником при написании статей в западные издания и т.п. Профессор В.В. Куликов Москва, декабрь 2009 г. Доктор медицинских наук, профессор В.В. Куликов Родился в Твери. Изучал медицину во 2-м Московском государственном медицинском институте им. Н.И. Пирогова (ныне — РГМУ). С 1965 г. постоянное место работы — кафедра анатомии человека Российского государственного медицинского университета (Москва), где прошел путь от аспиранта до профессора, заведующего кафедрой. Дважды командировался для преподавания в университетах Алжира. Вице-президент Всероссийского научно-медицинского общества анатомов, гистологов и эмбриологов. Ученый секретарь Российской анатомической номенклатурной комиссии (РАНК). Член ряда специализированных комиссий и советов. Область научных исследований и интересов – Функциональная анатомия русла гемомикроциркуляции в норме и патологии – Система ликвороциркуляции – Морфофункциональные отношения в перимедуллярных тканях развивающегося мозга – Вопросы клинической направленности преподавания анатомии человека – Вопросы интегрированного преподавания медико-биологических дисциплин Содержание Предисловие . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Х Общая анатомия . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–31 Части и области тела . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–5 Пассивная часть опорно-двигательного аппарата . . . . . . . 6–10 Активная часть опорно-двигательного аппарата . . . . . . . 11–13 Пищеварительная и дыхательная системы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Мочевая и половая системы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Проекции внутренних органов . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16–17 Сердечно-сосудистая система . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18–23 Центральная и периферическая нервная система . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24–29 Эндокринные органы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Кожа и ее производные . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Голова . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32–117 Области головы и шеи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Кости черепа . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33–61 Височно-нижнечелюстной сустав и жевательные мышцы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62–69 Мышцы лица . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70–73 Сосуды и нервы головы и шеи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74–85 Нос и полость носа . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86–88 Околоносовые пазухи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89–91 Полость рта и зубы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92–101 Нёбо . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Язык . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103–104 Подъязычная кость и прикрепляющиеся мышцы . . . . . . . . . 105 Надподъязычные мышцы и наружные (скелетные) мышцы языка . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106–108 Большие слюнные железы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109–112 Артерии и нервы стенок полости рта . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Сосуды и нервы языка . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114–115 Фронтальные срезы головы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116–117 Шея . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–156 Мышцы шеи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–121 Гортань . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122–131 Щитовидная железа . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132–135 Глотка . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136–141 Сосуды и нервы шеи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142–153 Срезы головы и шеи . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154–156 Верхняя конечность . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157–257 Рельефная анатомия . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Кости, суставы, связки . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158–177 Мышцы верхней конечности . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178–213 Сосуды и нервы верхней конечности . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214–251 Срезы верхней конечности . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252–257 Головной мозг . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258–351 Сосуды головы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258–261 Полость черепа, твердая оболочка головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262–263 Основание черепа . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264–265 Черепные нервы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266–273 Парасимпатические узлы головы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274–275 Черепные нервы, топография . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276–277 Основание черепа, сосуды и нервы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278–279 Твердая и паутинная оболочки головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280–283 Строение и развитие головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Конечный мозг . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285–294 Промежуточный мозг . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295–296 Средний мозг . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Ствол головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298–299 Ядра черепных нервов . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300–301 Мозжечок . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302–305 Ассоциативные и комиссуральные пути . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 Внутренняя капсула, пирамидный путь и базальные ядра . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307–309 Желудочковая система и подпаутинное пространство . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310–317 Сосуды головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318–322 Магнитно-резонансные томограммы головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323–325 Фронтальные срезы головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326–329 Горизонтальные срезы головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . 330–336 Сагиттальные срезы головного мозга . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337–339 Спинной мозг . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340–351 Глаз . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352–378 Веки и глазница . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352–355 Слезный аппарат . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356–357 Наружные мышцы глазного яблока . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358–361 Глазное яблоко . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 Сосуды глаза . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Радужка и зрачок . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364–365 Хрусталик и глазное дно . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366–367 Зрительный нерв . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368–369 Зрительный путь . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370–371 Мышцы, сосуды и нервы глазницы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372–376 Срезы глазницы . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377–378 Ухо . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379–400 Обзор . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 Ушная раковина . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 Мышцы ушной раковины . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 Наружный слуховой проход и барабанная перепонка . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382 Слуховые косточки . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383–384 Барабанная полость . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385–387 Слуховая труба . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388–389 Внутреннее ухо . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390–393 Орган слуха и равновесия . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394–396 Слуховой и вестибулярный проводящие пути . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Нервы и сосуды уха . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398–399 Компьютерно-томографические срезы уха . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Приложение . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401–419 Предметный указатель . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401–419 Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Х General anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–31 Parts and regions of the body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–5 Passive locomotor system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–10 Аctive locomotor system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11–13 Digestive and respiratory systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Urinary and genital systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Surface projection of internal organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16–17 Cardiovascular system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18–23 Central and peripheral nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24–29 Endocrine organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Skin and appendages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32–117 Regions of head and neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Bones of the skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33–61 Temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62–69 Facial muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70–73 Vessels and nerves of head and neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74–85 Nose and nasal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86–88 Paranasal sinuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89–91 Oral cavity and teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92–101 Palate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103–104 Hyoid bone and hyoidal muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Suprahyoid muscles and external muscles of the tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106–108 Major salivary glands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109–112 Arteries and nerves of the oral cavity walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Vessels and nerves of the tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114–115 Frontal sections through the head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116–117 Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–156 Muscles of the neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–121 Larynx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122–131 Thyroid gland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132–135 Pharynx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136–141 Vessels and nerves of the neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142–153 Sections through the head and the neck . . . . . . . . . . . . 154–156 Upper limb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157–257 Surface anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Bones, joints, ligaments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158–177 Muscles of the upper limb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178–213 Vessels and nerves of the upper limb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214–251 Sections through the arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252–257 Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258–351 Vessels of the head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258–261 Cranial cavity, cranial dura mater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262–263 Cranial base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264–265 Cranial nerves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266–273 Parasympathetic ganglia of the head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274–275 Cranial nerves, topography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276–277 Cranial base, vessels and nerves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278–279 Cranial dura mater and cranial arachnoid mater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280–283 Structure of the brain and brain development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Telencephalon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285–294 Diencephalon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295–296 Mesencephalon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Brainstem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298–299 Nuclei of the cranial nerves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300–301 Cerebellum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302–305 Association and commissural tracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 Internal capsule, pyramidal tract and basal nuclei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307–309 Ventricular system and subarachnoid space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310–317 Vessels of the brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318–322 Magnetic resonance tomographic images of the brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323–325 Frontal sections through the brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326–329 Horizontal sections through the brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330–336 Sagittal sections through the brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337–339 Spinal cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340–351 Eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352–378 Eyelids and orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352–355 Lacrimal apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356–357 Extra-ocular muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358–361 Eyeball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 Vessels of the eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Iris and pupil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364–365 Lens and ocular fundus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366–367 Optic nerve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368–369 Optic pathway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370–371 Muscles, vessels and nerves of the orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372–376 Sections through the orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377–378 Ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379–400 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 Аuricle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 Аuricular muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 External acoustic meatus and tympanic membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382 Аuditory ossicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383–384 Tympanic cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385–387 Auditory tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388–389 Internal ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390–393 Аuditory and equilibrium organ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394–396 Аuditory and equilibrium pathways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Nerves and vessels of the ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398–399 Computed tomographic sections through the ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401–419 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401–419 Предисловие Более 100 лет назад Йоханнес Соботта представил к публикации первое издание «Атласа анатомии человека». С тех пор этот труд шаг за шагом совершенствовался благодаря постоянному сотрудничеству преподавателей, студентов и редакторов. «Атлас анатомии человека» стал для многих поколений врачей не только самым фундаментальным источником сведений в такой сложной области знаний как макроскопическая анатомия, но и превратился в ценнейший справочник для студентов, обучающихся клиническим дисциплинам, или для врачей, получающих постдипломное образование. Атлас стал настольной книгой врача на всю его жизнь. В данное издание включены рисунки, выполненные на основе оригинальных препаратов. По замыслу издателей атлас должен в наибольшей мере соответствовать нуждам учебного плана высшего медицинского образования, в котором особое значение придается клинической направленности в преподавании доклинических дисциплин. Новое издание дополнено следующими нововведениями: – рельефной анатомией, в том числе проекциями внутренних органов (45 цветных фотографий); – анатомическими диаграммами (контурами), поясняющими представленные объекты; – расширенным списком методов визуализации объектов — УЗИ, рентгенография, КТ, МРТ (119 иллюстраций); – прижизненными эндоскопическими цветными изображениями, иллюстрирующими методы пунктирования и инвазивного исследования (54 иллюстрации); – демонстрациями больных с признаками типичных параличей; – рисунками с изображением наиболее важных вариантов хода артерий (93 иллюстрации); – примерами наиболее частых вариантов положения внутренних органов (24 иллюстрации); – изображениями гистотопографических срезов важных внутренних органов при слабых увеличениях (кишки, печени, почки и т.д.). Для облегчения восприятия информации: – главы расположены в строгом соответствии с областями тела; – близкие по содержанию иллюстрации размещены на разворотах страниц; – составлено приложение к изданию (включено в том 2), содержащее таблицы с рисунками мышц и краткую информацию об их анатомии и функциях, а также сведения о суставах и нервном аппарате, что позволяет читателю обратиться к приложению при работе с любой иллюстрацией в атласе. Важной задачей нового издания было облегчить поиск интересующих структур. С этой целью использованы особые дидактические приемы: – каждый крупный раздел обозначен определенным цветом; – введена строка в колонтитуле на каждом развороте страниц, обеспечивающая точную ориентировку; – существенно увеличено количество контурных рисунков, демонстрирующих локализацию иллюстрируемых объек- тов или пространственную ориентацию срезов (270 рисунков); – представлены обзоры областей всего тела, показывающие локализацию структур; – введены новые схематические изображения ряда мышц, поясняющие их положение и функции (24 рисунка); – в целях сведения к минимуму возможных недоразумений представлены иллюстрации, относящиеся только к правым конечностям; – страницы дополнены «компасом» в виде системы разноцветных стрелок, указывающих на близкие по содержанию рисунки, что облегчает изучение объекта; – поиск структур на иллюстрациях облегчен с помощью непрерывающихся указательных линий; – цветными кружочками на концах этих линий на топографических изображениях обозначены артерии (красные), вены (синие), нервы (желтые) и мышцы (коричневые); – рисунки в приложении приведены в полном соответствии с иллюстрациями в атласе; – увеличен формат книги, что облегчает работу с материалом. Редакторы работали раздельно по главам со следующим распределением разделов: – Р. Путц: общая анатомия, верхняя конечность, головной мозг, глаз, ухо, спина, нижняя конечность; – Р. Пабст: голова, шея, стенки груди и живота, органы груди, живота и таза. В подготовке новых рисунков приняли участие художники Ulrike Brugger, Rüdiger Himmelhan и Horst Ruß. Именно благодаря их вкладу был сохранен классический «соботтовский» стиль новых иллюстраций. Ряд рисунков был создан Henriette Rintelen с использованием компьютерных программ. Мы также глубоко признательны нашим коллегамклиницистам из различных учреждений за их полезные советы, а также за предоставленные клинические иллюстрации. Доктора N. Sokolov и A. Buchhorn провели скрупулезную работу по созданию препаратов, S. Fryk и G. Hoppmann помогали нам в подготовке текстов. Выражаем нашу искреннюю благодарность персоналу издательства Elsevier publishers и особенно докторам D. Hennessen и A. Gattnarzik. Ряд шагов по совершенствованию этого труда стал результатом чрезвычайно плодотворных дискуссий. Мы также хотим поблагодарить R. Hausdorf за гигантские усилия в публикации атласа. R. Putz и G. Meier провели корректуру, разработали дизайн и систему легенд (поиска). Особую благодарность мы выражаем доктору Osterkamp-Baust за создание предметного указателя и всем редакторам, участвовавшим в подготовке издания. Нашими общими усилиями «Атлас анатомии человека» снова обновился по содержанию и дизайну. Мы использовали многие предложения, выдвигавшиеся на протяжении ряда лет студентами и коллегами, и просим высказать критические замечания или предложения в отношении нового образа атласа. Р. Путц и Р. Пабст, Мюнхен и Ганновер, сентябрь 2005 г. Preface It was just over a hundred years ago that Johannes Sobotta set out to publish the first edition of his Atlas of Human Anatomy. Since then, this piece of work has evolved step by step as a result of the constant interaction between students, lecturers and editors. It has not only been the most modern basis for the complex subject of macroscopic anatomy throughout many generations of doctors, but has also developed into a lasting work of reference for both clinical training and advanced medical education. All in all, it has become a book for a medical doctor’s life. Once again, in this new edition the additional figures have been drawn strictly on the basis of original specimens. The 22th edition has been particularly designed to meet the demands of a reformed medical curriculum, emphasizing the integration of clinical medicine into the preclinical curriculum. For this purpose, the new edition has been extended to include the following features: – Surface anatomy including projection of internal organs (45 colour photos); – Anatomical diagrams next to imaging figures; – Integration of imaging techniques to a greater extent (ultrasound, X-ray, CT, MRI; 119 figures); – Endoscopic, intraoperative colour images and figures exemplifying techniques of puncture and examination (54 figures); – Images of patients presenting with typical palsies; – Diagrams of the most important arterial variations (93 figures); – Frequent variations in the location of internal organs (24 figures); – Integration of histology at low magnification of important internal organs (intestine, liver, kidney, etc.). In order to improve the presentation of the knowledge, the following features have been introduced: – Clear-cut arrangement of the chapters according to the different regions of the body; – Thematically corresponding figures presented on double pages; – A concise, separate booklet (included in Volume 1) contains tables of muscles, joints and nerves, enabling the reader to place it next to any figure in the atlas. One particular aim of the new edition is to facilitate finding of specific structures. The SOBOTTA depicts anatomical structures precisely without the reader loosing the greater picture. Therefore, specific didactic tools have been improved and new aspects included: – Each chapter has been allocated to a particular colour; – A «menu bar» on each double page ensures precise orientation within a given chapter; – The number of outlines depicting spatial orientation has been significantly increased (270 figures); – Overviews of total body regions ensure general orientation; – New diagrams of particular muscles clarify their location and course (24 figures); – Confusion is kept to a minimum by only depicting limbs of the right side of the body; – «Compass roses» point to adjacent figures, thus facilitating following a given structure over several pages; – Continuous leader lines facilitate finding of structures; – Coloured dots at the end of leader lines in topographic diagrams mark arteries, veins, nerves, and muscles; – The figures in the booklet relate directly to the figures in the atlas; – The larger dimensions of the book improve clarity. With the exception of discussions about the general concept of the atlas and mutual correction, the editors have worked separately on individual chapters, with the work divided as follows: – R. Putz: General anatomy, upper limb, brain, eye, ear. back, lower limb; – R. Pabst: Head, neck, thoracic and abdominal walls, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic viscera. The inclusion of a large number of new figures is the result of the extraordinary capability of the following medical illustrators: Ulrike Brugger, Rüdiger Himmelhan and Horst Ruß. It is to their credit that the classic «SOBOTTA style» has been retained. Several of the diagrams have been generated on the computer by Henriette Rintelen. We also gratefully acknowledge our clinical colleagues for making clinical illustrations available to us (see picture credits). We owe a debt of gratitude to our colleagues from the institutes for their understanding and helpful suggestions. Dr. N. Sokolov and A. Buchhorn have put meticulous efforts into generating the specimen preparations. S. Fryk and G. Hoppmann have supported us in text processing. The staff of the editorial office of Elsevier publishers, in particular Dr. D. Hennessen and A. Gattnarzik, has our sincere thanks. Some of the creative development of the work is a result of very fruitful discussions. We would also like to thank R. Hausdorf for tremendous efforts in the production of the atlas. R. Putz together with G. Meier were responsible for the proofreading and simplification of page design and legends. Our special thanks go to Dr. U. Osterkamp-Baust for generating the index, and all others involved in the corrections. With our joint efforts, the SOBOTTA has been once more modernized both in contents and design. We have included many of the helpful suggestions made over the years by students and colleagues, and would therefore ask all readers of this edition to pass on to us any criticism or suggestions on the new format of this atlas. R. Putz and R. Pabst, Munich and Hannover, September 2005 Иллюстрации Авторы искренне благодарны всем коллегам-клиницистам, предоставившим ультразвуковые, компьютерно-томографические и магнитно-резонансные изображения, а также эндоскопические и интраоперационные иллюстрации. Prof. Altaras, Zentrum Radiologie, Universität Gießen (рис. 1009, 1031, 1032) Dr. Baumeister, Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Freiburg (рис. 1157) PD Dr. Burgkardt, Orthopädische Klinik, Technische Universität München (рис. 1431) Prof. Brückmann & Dr. Linn, Neuroradiologie, Institut für radiologische Diagnostik, Universität München (рис. 662, 726, 727, 726, 727) Prof. Daniel, Abteilung Kardiologie, Universität Erlangen (рис. 899, 900, 901, 973) Prof. Degenhardt, Bielefeld (рис. 1133, 1135) Prof. Galanski & Dr. Kirchhoff, Abteilung Diagnostische Radiologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 962, 964, 1212, 1213) Prof. Galanski & Dr. Schäfer, Abteilung Diagnostische Radiologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 871a, b, 927, 971, 991, 1194, 1204, 1207, 1209) Prof. Gebel, Abteilung Gastroenterologie и Hepatologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 242, 1011, 1026, 1027, 1038, 1039, 1074, 1092) Dr. Goei, Radiology, Heerlen, Niederlande (рис. 1150, 1151) (mit Genehmigung aus Radiology 173; 137–141:1989) Dr. Greeven, St.-Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Neuwied (рис. 150, 1238) Prof. Hoffmann & Dr. Bektas, Klinik für Viszeral- и Transplantationschirurgie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 1028, 1040) Prof. Hohlfeld, Klinik für Pneumologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 929, 930) Prof. Jonas, Urologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 1102a, b, 1103) Prof. Kampik & Prof. Müller, Augenklinik, Universität München (рис. 657) Dr. Kirchhoff & Dr. Weidemann, Abteilung Diagnostische Radiologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 1041, 1093, 1102, 1196, 1198, 1200, 1202, 1205) Prof. Kremers, Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung и Parodontologie, Universität München (рис. 169) Prof. Kunze, von Haunersches Kinderspital, Universität München (рис. 327–330) Dr. Meyer, Abteilung Gastroenterologie и Hepatologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 944, 987a, b, 992, 1145, 1146) Prof. Müller-Vahl, Neurologie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 128a, b) Prof. Pfeifer, Radiologie Innenstadt, Institut für radiologische Diagnostik, Universität München (рис. 293, 294, 310, 312, 449, 451, 769–727, 807–810, 1255, 1286, 1287, 1317, 1318) PD Dr. Rau, Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Freiburg (рис. 912, 925, 926) Prof. Ravelli †, ehem. Institut für Anatomie, Universität Innsbruck (рис. 767) PD Dr. Rieger, Radiologie Innenstadt, Institut für radiologische Diagnostik, Universität München (рис.1395) Prof. Reich, Klinik für Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Bonn (рис. 113a, b) Prof. Reiser & Dr. Wagner, Institut für radiologische Diagnostik, Universität München (рис. 436, 449, 451, 453, 571, 572, 573, 576, 577, 792) Prof. Rudzki-Janson, Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universität München (рис. 72, 73) Dr. Scheibe, Chirurgische Abteilung, Rosman-Krankenhaus Breisach (рис. 1289 a–c) Prof. Scheumann, Klinik für Viszeral- и Transplantationschirurgie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 243, 244, 245) Prof. Schillinger, Frauenklinik, Universität Freiburg (рис. 1134) Prof. Schliephake, Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie, Göttingen (рис. 152, 196, 197) Prof. Schlösser, Zentrum Frauenheilkunde, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 1132a, b, 1140, 1141, 1178) Prof. Schumacher, Neuroradiologie, Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Freiburg (рис. 461a, b) Dr. Sommer и PD Dr. Bauer, Ärzte für Radiologie, München (рис. 662, 1290–1292) Prof. Stotz, Kinderpoliklinik, Universität München (рис. 1239, 1240) PD Dr. Vogl, Radiologische Poliklinik, Universität München (рис. 436, 453, 644, 645) Prof. Vollrath, HNO-Klinik, Mönchengladbach (рис. 229, 230, 231) Prof. Wagner †, Diagnostische Radiologie II, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 952, 1064, 1065, 1069, 1072, 1152) Prof. Wenz, Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Freiburg (рис. 768) Prof. Witt, Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universität München (рис. 405) Dr. Willführ, ehem. Abdominal- и Transplantationschirurgie, Med. Hochschule Hannover (рис. 1051) PD Dr. Wimmer, Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Freiburg (рис. 799) Ряд иллюстраций был получен из следующих источников: Benninghoff-Drenckhahn: Anatomie, Band 1 (Drenckhahn D., Hrsg.), 16. Aufl., Urban & Fischer, München 2003 (рис. 823, 824, 848, 849, 850) Welsch, U.: Lehrbuch Histologie, Urban & Fischer, München 2003 (рис. 922, 1020, 1097, 1122, 1123) Welsch, U. (Hrsg.): Sobotta, Atlas Histologie, 6. Aufl., Urban & Fischer, München 2002 (рис. 1037, 1085, 1125a, b) Wicke, L.: Atlas der Röntgenanatomie, 3. Aufl., Urban & Schwarzenberg, München–Wien–Baltimore 1985 (рис. 943a, b) Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface 001 Îáùàÿ àíàòîìèÿ General anatomy Îïîðíî-äâèãàòåëüíûé àïïàðàò Locomotor system Ïëîñêîñòè è îñè Planes and axes 5 1 7 4 6 5 5 5 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 3 7 2 7 b a c 1 Ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ ïëîñêîñòü Sagittal plane 2 Ñðåäèííàÿ ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ ïëîñêîñòü Median sagittal plane 3 Ôðîíòàëüíàÿ (âåíå÷íàÿ) ïëîñêîñòü Frontal plane 4 Ãîðèçîíòàëüíàÿ (ïîïåðå÷íàÿ) ïëîñêîñòü Transverse plane 5 Ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ îñü Sagittal axis 6 Ôðîíòàëüíàÿ (ïîïåðå÷íàÿ) îñü Transverse axis 7 Âåðòèêàëüíàÿ (ïðîäîëüíàÿ) îñü Longitudinal axis Ðèñ. 1 àñ Ïëîñêîñòè è îñè Planes and axes a Ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ ïëîñêîñòü, Planum sagittale, ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ è âåðòèêàëüíàÿ (ïðîäîëüíàÿ) îñè. Sagittal plane, Planum sagittale, sagittal and longitudinal axes. b Ãîðèçîíòàëüíàÿ (ïîïåðå÷íàÿ) ïëîñêîñòü, Planum transversale, ôðîíòàëüíàÿ (ïîïåðå÷íàÿ) è ñàãèòòàëüíàÿ îñè. Transverse plane [Horizontal plane], Planum transversale, transverse and sagittal axes. c Ôðîíòàëüíàÿ (âåíå÷íàÿ) ïëîñêîñòü, Planum frontale, âåðòèêàëüíàÿ (ïðîäîëüíàÿ) è ôðîíòàëüíàÿ (ïîïåðå÷íàÿ) îñè. Frontal plane [Coronal plane], Planum frontale, longitudinal and transverse axes. Linea mediana anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñðåäèííàÿ ëèíèÿ Anterior median line Linea sternalis Ãðóäèííàÿ ëèíèÿ Sternal line Linea mediana posterior Çàäíÿÿ ñðåäèííàÿ ëèíèÿ Posterior median line Linea paravertebralis Îêîëîïîçâîíî÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Paravertebral line cranialis [superior] êðàíèàëüíûé [âåðõíèé] cranial Linea parasternalis Îêîëîãðóäèííàÿ ëèíèÿ Parasternal line proximalis ïðîêñèìàëüíûé proximal Linea axillaris anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Anterior axillary line distalis äèñòàëüíûé distal Linea medioclavicularis Ñðåäíåêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Midclavicular line Linea scapularis Ëîïàòî÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Scapular line lateralis ëàòåðàëüíûé [áîêîâîé] lateral Linea axillaris posterior Çàäíÿÿ ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Posterior axillary line radialis ëó÷åâîé radial ulnaris ëîêòåâîé ulnar palmaris ëàäîííûé palmar medialis ìåäèàëüíûé medial proximalis ïðîêñèìàëüíûé proximal distalis äèñòàëüíûé distal dorsalis äîðñàëüíûé dorsal a dorsalis äîðñàëüíûé dorsal caudalis [inferior] êàóäàëüíûé caudal fibularis ìàëîáåðöîâûé fibular [peroneal] tibialis áîëüøåáåðöîâûé tibial plantaris ïîäîøâåííûé plantar b Ðèñ. 2 à, b Ïðîåêöèîííûå ëèíèè íà òåëå ÷åëîâåêà è òåðìèíû, ïðèìåíÿåìûå äëÿ îïèñàíèÿ îðèåíòàöèè è ïîëîæåíèÿ ñòðóêòóð Orientation lines of the human body and terms of direction and position à Ïåðåäíÿÿ (âåíòðàëüíàÿ) ïîâåðõíîñòü. Ventralis, anterior. Ventral view. b Çàäíÿÿ (äîðñàëüíàÿ) ïîâåðõíîñòü. Dorsalis, posterior. Dorsal view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Îáëàñòè òåëà ÷åëîâåêà Regions of the human body Regio cervicalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü øåè Anterior cervical region Regio sternocleidomastoidea Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü Sternocleidomastoid region Regio deltoidea Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü Deltoid region Regio cervicalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ îáëàñòü øåè Lateral cervical region Regio presternalis Ïðåäãðóäèííàÿ îáëàñòü Presternal region Trigonum clavipectorale Êëþ÷è÷íî-ãðóäíîé òðåóãîëüíèê Clavipectoral triangle Regio axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Axillary region Regio pectoralis Ãðóäíàÿ îáëàñòü Pectoral region Regio mammaria Ãðóäíàÿ îáëàñòü (ñîáñòâåííî) Mammary region Regio inframammaria Ïîäãðóäíàÿ îáëàñòü Inframammary region Regio brachii anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ïëå÷à Anterior region of arm Epigastrium [Regio epigastrica] Íàä÷ðåâüå [Íàä÷ðåâíàÿ îáëàñòü] Epigastric region Hypochondrium [Regio hypochondriaca] Ïîäðåáåðüå [Ïîäðåáåðíàÿ îáëàñòü] Hypochondrium Regio cubitalis anterior, Fossa cubitalis Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ îáëàñòü è ëîêòåâàÿ ÿìêà Anterior region of elbow and cubital fossa Regio antebrachii posterior Çàäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Posterior region of forearm Latus [Regio lateralis] Áîê [Áîêîâàÿ îáëàñòü] Flank [Lateral region] Regio antebrachii anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Anterior region of forearm Umbilicus [Regio umbilicalis] Ïóïîê [Ïóïî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü] Umbilical region Dorsum manus Òûë êèñòè Dorsum of hand Inguen [Regio inguinalis] Ïàõ [Ïàõîâàÿ îáëàñòü] Groin [Inguinal region] Trigonum femoris Áåäðåííûé òðåóãîëüíèê Femoral triangle Regio femoris anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü áåäðà Anterior region of thigh Hypogastrium [Regio pubica] Ïîä÷ðåâüå [Ëîáêîâàÿ îáëàñòü] Pubic region Regio urogenitalis Ìî÷åïîëîâàÿ îáëàñòü Urogenital triangle Regio genus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü êîëåíà Anterior region of knee Regio cruris posterior Çàäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ãîëåíè Posterior region of leg Regio cruris anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ãîëåíè Anterior region of leg Dorsum pedis Òûë ñòîïû Dorsum of foot Ðèñ. 7 Îáëàñòè òåëà ÷åëîâåêà Regiones corporis Regions of the human body ! "# $% && ' ()* )) " +,-% &&& 4 78 )) " 9 &&& 3 4 5 06- Îáëàñòè òåëà ÷åëîâåêà Regions of the human body ' 6" !"# ) ' ' ("3" !"# W ' D ' (" !"#9% ) D ' ' ;#5%" !"# ' ' E"3" !"# C ' D 2' X53" !"# V 2' 8 '' 693" !"# &8 '': ' "3" !"# O ' 2, (" !"#3" ) 2 ' (" *5" !"# ) '27 '2' %3" !"# F2 2, !"#3# & 2, (" !"#3# ) ' GB5" !"# C' ' ("P" !"# &' ' )'JV'K E"# )' ' ' U$%3" !"# Q' ' (" !"#!" ) , , 41 ' (" !"#*"4*" 6*" ) + 4 ' ' S*T" !"# C' (" !"#$% ) ' !"#$% & ' )' 95" C' J)' K ' 3" !"# M ' Îáëàñòè òåëà ÷åëîâåêà Regiones corporis Regions of the human body #1 #$ 234) !" #$ *+ ,) && !" #$ %&&'( ) && " Ñêåëåò Skeleton Cranium ×åðåï Cranium Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible Columna vertebralis (Pars cervicalis) Ïîçâîíî÷íûé ñòîëá (Øåéíàÿ ÷àñòü) Vertebral column (Cervical part) Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Scapula Ëîïàòêà Scapula Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Costae Ðåáðà Ribs Columna vertebralis (Pars lumbalis) Ïîçâîíî÷íûé ñòîëá (Ïîÿñíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü) Vertebral column (Lumbar part) Sternum Ãðóäèíà Sternum Columna vertebralis (Pars thoracica) Ïîçâîíî÷íûé ñòîëá (Ãðóäíàÿ ÷àñòü) Vertebral column (Thoracic part) Os sacrum Êðåñòåö Sacrum Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Os coccygis Êîï÷èê Coccyx Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Os coxae Òàçîâàÿ êîñòü Hip bone [Coxal bone] Ossa carpi Êîñòè çàïÿñòüÿ Carpal bones Ossa metacarpi Ïÿñòíûå êîñòè Metacarpals Patella Íàäêîëåííèê Patella Ossa metacarpi Ïÿñòíûå êîñòè Metacarpals Ossa digitorum [Phalanges] Êîñòè ïàëüöåâ [Ôàëàíãè] Phalanges Femur Áåäðåííàÿ êîñòü Femur [Thigh bone] Fibula Ìàëîáåðöîâàÿ êîñòü Fibula Ossa tarsi Êîñòè ïðåäïëþñíû Tarsal bones Tibia Áîëüøåáåðöîâàÿ êîñòü Tibia Ossa digitorum [Phalanges] Êîñòè ïàëüöåâ [Ôàëàíãè] Phalanges Ðèñ. 9 Îáùèé âèä ñêåëåòà, ñèñòåìà ñêåëåòà Systema skeletale Overview of the skeleton ×àñòè òåëà ÷åëîâåêà Ossa metatarsi Ïëþñíåâûå êîñòè Ossa tarsi Metatarsals Êîñòè ïðåäïëþñíû Tarsal bones Ðèñ. 10 Îáùèé âèä ñêåëåòà, ñèñòåìà ñêåëåòà Systema skeletale Overview of the skeleton Parts of the human body Ãîëîâà. Caput Head. Caput Øåÿ. Collum Neck. Collum Òóëîâèùå. Truncus Ãðóäíàÿ êëåòêà. Thorax Æèâîò. Abdomen Òàç. Pelvis Trunk. Truncus Thorax. Thorax Abdomen. Abdomen Pelvis. Pelvis Âåðõíÿÿ êîíå÷íîñòü. Membrum superius Ïëå÷åâîé ïîÿñ [Ïîÿñ âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè]. Cingulum pectorale [Cingulum membri superioris] Ñâîáîäíàÿ ÷àñòü âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè. Pars libera membri superioris Upper limb. Membrum superius Pectoral girdle [Shoulder girdle]. Cingulum pectorale [Cingulum membri superioris] Free part of upper limb. Pars libera membri superioris Íèæíÿÿ êîíå÷íîñòü. Membrum inferius Òàçîâûé ïîÿñ [Ïîÿñ íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè]. Cingulum pelvicum [Cingulum membri inferioris] Ñâîáîäíàÿ ÷àñòü íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè. Pars libera membri inferioris Lower limb. Membrum inferius Pelvic girdle. Cingulum pelvicum [Cingulum membri inferioris] Free part of lower limb. Pars libera membri inferioris ' ()* )) " +,-% &&& 4 >* () ! ! >%-< % && 78 )) " 9 &&& = 4 5 06- !" d3"*%*"4*6Tb0"#="#%5"#> 3X*T0`), + ' ,2 ',,, + E*"%X"B% *"$*$6X$"5*5X$ 35*"` 2 , 2 7 , <.8 A() =H ' ' > =c0"5/P b> =& ' ' > =I8 8 ' > =*%6"#/*B> =)8 ' 8 :> ? ,: = 8 ' > *%6"#/6"^%X )8 ' ,: C2 a? '' 2 <0!3"5b5aG"/*/6X$ C :2 a 2 7 I ,: 8 ' *%6"#/f%^%X )8 ' ,: F ,: ' i%^%X"" %% I ,: '' e C2 G6"*5b5 H 2 &` %"#" "% _ : H C,J] :K V %"#0 _ D ' H' %"#/*"" _ ' ,: ;%"^%X ,: ) %JL"*%B"K ) HD '' a? '' 'D G6X$5" #ag/*/6X$ ? '':D :ah ''72 7 ? ,: = ' > ;%"#/6"^%X ' ,: =I8 ' > =;%"#/*B> = ' 8 :> 1' U6*"*5$*" W' C2 a ? '' 2 <0!3"5b5a G"/*/6X$ C :2 a 2 7 H ' ' c0"5/P b & ' ' , I ,: ' ;%"#/f%^%X ' ,: = <.8+ - ! --:6+, :6 " "4+ ! 9-: - . A&@&)&" "))@ 3 . 9" ! 2+ D /E4 F 2: F G + -:"H4 F 2+-: - +2 #:/I&" ! )/$CCJCC))K&)C&) %)/ . 3 . 9" !+ -/E4 F 2:4 + -: 2D - D 6+./I&" !@)/<CC@) @&)/ L E4 F 2"H4 F 2+-.4 -/MCC"CC)C)/ #1 #$ 234) !" #$ *+ ,) && !" #$ %&&'( ) && " Ðàçâèòèå ñêåëåòà Bone development 7 EW 1819 Y 1518 Y 1516 Y 1Y 1821 Y 2 5 M 5Y 2 3 Y 2 4 Y 2025 Y 1315 Y 3 4 EM 1820 Y 1315 Y 4 5 EM 1012 Y 1315 Y 7 8 Y 5 8 M 18 Y 6 7 EM 3 5 Y 1819 Y 1618 Y 17 20 Y 8 EW 1315 Y 1013 Y 4 6 Y 1518 Y 19 20 Y 7 8 EW 16 20 Y EW EM M Y 1316 Y 813 Y 1Y Íåäåëè ýìáðèîíàëüíîãî ïåðèîäà. Embryonic week Ìåñÿöû ïðåíàòàëüíîãî ïåðèîäà. Embryonic month Ìåñÿöû ïîñòíàòàëüíîãî ïåðèîäà. Month of life Ãîäû æèçíè. Year of life 8 EW 5Y 12 Y 812 Y 16 24 Y 3 4 Y 9 EM 1317 Y 57 Y 1418 Y 1012 Y 10 EM 5 6 Y 1719 Y 1214 Y 1718 Y 7 EW 8 EW 7 EW 7 8 EW 2125 Y 12 Y 1012 Y 2 3 1 5 6 7 2024 Y 78 Y 57 Y 6M 1718 Y 4 1718 Y 8 24 Y 9 EW 1 2 4 Y 9 EW 23 Y 2 13 Y 3 9 EW 23 Y 9 EW 1112 EW 3 4 Y 7 4 5 6 3 4 Y 15 21 Y 1 2 Y 23 Y 3 5 Y 78 EW 5 EM 8 EM 9 EW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ êîñòü (çàïÿñòüÿ). Os scaphoideum. Scaphoid (3 6 M) Ïîëóëóííàÿ êîñòü. Os lunatum. Lunate (3 6 Y) Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü. Os triquetrum. Triquetrum (1 4 Y) Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os pisiforme. Pisiform (8 12 Y) Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ. Os trapezium. Trapezium (3 8 Y) Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os trapezoideum. Trapezoid (3 7 Y) Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü. Os capitatum. Capitate (2 4 M) Êðþ÷êîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os hamatum. Hamate (2 5 M) Ðèñ. 13 Ôîðìèðîâàíèå öåíòðîâ îêîñòåíåíèÿ è ñðîêè ñèíîñòîçèðîâàíèÿ ýïèôèçîâ êîñòåé âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Appearance of ossification centres and synossification at the epiphyses of the upper limb [LANZ, 1956; EXNER, 1990; HEUCK and BAST, 1994] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Òàðàííàÿ êîñòü. Talus. Talus (7 EM) Ïÿòî÷íàÿ êîñòü. Calcaneus. Calcaneus (5 6 EM) Êóáîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os cuboideum. Cuboid (10 EM) Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os cuneiforme laterale. Lateral cuneiform (12 M) Ïðîìåæóòî÷íàÿ êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os cuneiforme intermedium. Intermediate cuneiform (3 4 Y) Ìåäèàëüíàÿ êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Os cuneiforme mediale. Medial cuneiform (2 3 Y) Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ êîñòü (ïðåäïëþñíû). Os naviculare. Navicular (4 Y) Ðèñ. 14 Ôîðìèðîâàíèå öåíòðîâ îêîñòåíåíèÿ è ñðîêè ñèíîñòîçèðîâàíèÿ ýïèôèçîâ êîñòåé íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Appearance of ossification centres and synossification at the epiphyses of the lower limb [LANZ, 1956; EXNER, 1990; HEUCK and BAST, 1994] -# $#.# # * /0') &&& 8 $;<# # * = &&& 6. !" #$ 7)'( ) && 5 8 9 2:' " D]+ P b ? +E+ + ` c` ?+ dL/%6 e&'P P (f(1K7( LJ '( 6%'%/(6 7 '( 6g%KK ; $ h+ i P b ? +E+ + " ] `H EG @/'Kj&%6 e&'P (f(1K7( LJ '( %L L&( 6J1J66 =D0"P&('I);7#,#$%;(, X3/DE2"P&('I);7)(4)#; BC32E/E"P?$)(4)#;77;&,% V:0"W)$%'?@#,#$%;(, V 13CYGT=D132ZU/M32T=D132[U/D2M3M" \5;>'*&4)*TH@&('I)'*&4,@U;(]@,*%,4'%&T^@&('I)'*&4,@U@&('I);7*,77@ V/32"W)$%'$7;@4@ _D2M3MTH!132U"W;4*,77@ `!02/S/3D23"=;L)77;%&I,@@,7@+)456,(,@4%;4)'( [C2"O,(?7,@ aS3b/MM!02"K&#L5;4)*@ D2"c,%I,@ ` D2DM"='77;>,(6)$%,@ : Mk ZP M Z b ? +E+ + +< b&J %&& MJ&6'66ZP M ZP (f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k " M@#R l++ ZP M! R " ZR ? +E+ + "? H # J&aK e&' Mm/'/66ZP M! R " ZP (f(1K7( LJ '( 6%K(/ e&' k+ " " ('& & '( 6%K/ K&( k+ # H #"` '/%'%/( 7 '( e&' 6%K( n k# " +# +c+ " ] " ?" H E KK%6'/'( L/(/ ' (&&( a6LK'J +< E # .( e&' a'J 6 =;L@?7;;%4)*?7;%)@ BC/3D0M!/C N')(4*;L@?7, > #1 #$ 234) !" #$ *+ ,) && !" #$ %&&'( ) && ! " 4 ? 0 @ ) @ " ` Mk#`R l++ `Z J&aK e&'6 o" `H # # B&j( e&' p <" +? , # ! @JK&/K e&'6 q"" `H # ! SKK6 e&' @" `H # ! K( e&' r+ `H # ! YKK & 6g(' e&' !" H # ! 5K&( e&' e4,(@)'d Q,4%'I,%@)' h: e4,(4)'( \7;(?#@;>)44;7,dHe)@4%;(@I,%@;7)@ B 330!/M/3d S30/ P;>)44;7L7;(,d6%'(4;7;e)@ H]]?*4)' gD H]]?*4)'( H$]?*4)' f3D H$]?*4)'( W7,e)'d H(4,I,%@)' B W7,e)'( Q'4;4)',e4,%(; [GC9C K;4,%;7%'4;4)'( Q'4;4)')(4,%(; [GDC3 ,]);7%'4;4)'( \7;(?#6%'(4;7,dHe)@@;>)44;7)@ V30!/M/3d/ 330/ W%'(4;7L7;(,d@;>)44;7;e)@ \7;(?#4%;(@I,%@;7,dHe)@7'(>)4?])(;7)@ 8:30!/M/3dD3M0/ i'%)j'(4;7L7;(,dI,%4)*;7<7'(>)4?])(;7A;e)@ r+ `H # M* ]+ `H #Z ! $ Z YKK & 6g(' e&' MB e&'Z M! " -# $#.# # * /0') &&& 8 6. !" #$ 6)'( ) && $;<# # * = &&& >> 8 9 2:' " #!$%! &'( <k%)>'A <.2lbbA <k%)>)(,A W;@*); V/10 W;@*); <=;I)4;@@&('I);7)@A <g/3/D D GA <P&('I);7*;I)4&A =;L?4 8DM i,;] O,(4,% mYlM ^,77& ,#$%;(;6)$%'@;TP4%;4?#6)$%'@?#U V:0TV:2E/EU W)$%'?@7;&,% ,#$%;(;@&('I);7)@d\;%@L;%),4;7)@ BD0d!30b/3 P&('I);7#,#$%;(,dL;%),4;7L;%4 ,#$%;(;@&('I);7)@d \;%@4,(])(,; BD0d /CF90b/3 P&('I);7#,#$%;(,d 4,(]'(L;%4 O;>)(; @&('I);7)@ BD D G P&('I);7@5,;45 n,(]' BCF9 n,(]'( n,(]' BCF9 n,(]'( L)4,(])(,?# R!3E L)4,(]'( ,@'4,(])(,?# .:3E ,@'4,(]'( o(@,%4)' gM! H44;*5#,(4 !D/2E/3D02l12"K)(,'66'%*,'645,#?@*7, [3C!b2b E/3D02l12"O)%4?;77,I,%;%#'645,#?@*7, f/D90D/C/3D"He)@'6%'4;4)'('645,q')(4 !+ <" +- < " `, E`c< +E+ "? H E`c<`P & s/j&='& /&K( 7 6g(K('K 1%6K(6P (f(1K7( LJ '( L/K 1%6K(P & Musculus fusiformis Âåðåòåíîîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà Fusiform muscle <?@*?7?@)(4,%@,*4?@A <. Yl02l1A <?74)p$,77&#?@*7,A 0 Musculus biceps Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà Two-headed muscle 4 ?@*?7?@@,#)L,((;4?@ gC!/302l1 P,#)L,((;4,#?@*7, \5;7;(e#,]); B00S )]]7,L5;7;(e k+ "-"i #, [" P % P +E+ "< '/%'%/( 7 '(&& 6('P % P (f(1K7( LJ 7&j(/ ) Musculus biventer Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà Two-bellied muscle @ ?@*?7?@L,((;4?@ g/302l1 \,((;4,#?@*7, ? ?@*?7?@L7;(?@ g/M02l1 W7;4#?@*7, p E`c< .J(6 7 1%6K(6 t - " P +""" " [ E`c? `, #? &jK( (P /KK(K 1%6K( 7L/(6 l H - " P +""" " [ E`c? `, #? m%LK( (P /KK(K 1%6K( 7L/(6 l H ]+Ac P +""" " [ E`c? `, #? m%LK( L(KKJP /KK(K 1%6K( 7L/(6 _ [ - " P " E`c< %K';(P 7K' 1%6K( _`c< E [ E ]+Ac #, [" È +E`? E %K';L(KKJ 1%6K( \' '(&&%6 &'(/6('&6 ! "#+ E`c< Mu + E`c<Z (1(&&'( 1%6K( !+ E`c< Ml#+ E`c<Z 5(&&'( 1%6K( O;>)(; 4,(])()@ [ G /CF90 n,(]'( @5,;45 % '/+= & ) /0 >?@5 * + ,-'. /0) 67 **+ 85 22 %&&' (& ) * + ,-'. /0) 12234 5 22 Ñêåëåòíûå ìûøöû Skeletal muscles Mm. capitis et colli Ìûøöû ãîëîâû è øåè Muscles of head and neck ! " # Mm. thoracis et Mm. abdominis Ìûøöû ãðóäè è æèâîòà Muscles of thorax and abdomen " Mm. membri superioris Ìûøöû âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of upper limb !# Mm. membri inferioris Ìûøöû íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of lower limb $ Ðèñ. 24 Îáùèé âèä ñêåëåòíûõ ìûøö Overview of the skeletal muscles . **+ 9/ 0(/&:/ && /6 ;<35 222 B A: ' (& ) * + ,-'. /0) A534 5 22 + 0+EF/ && /6 G 222 $ B C >D3 . **+ Ñêåëåòíûå ìûøöû Skeletal muscles %)/$ ! " - - + %.$%&'$%($) ! " ++ ! !# " $$%&'$%($) ! "!* ! $ Îáùèé âèä ñêåëåòíûõ ìûøö Overview of the skeletal muscles # 7891 $%&'%( '' + ,-. "/ ++ 01 '' !"# )'*% '' Ïèùåâàðèòåëüíàÿ è äûõàòåëüíàÿ ñèñòåìû Digestive and respiratory systems Cavitas oris propria Ñîáñòâåííî ïîëîñòü ðòà Oral cavity proper Os Ðîò Mouth Glandulae salivariae majores Áîëüøèå ñëþííûå æåëåçû Major salivary glands Vestibulum oris Ïðåääâåðèå ðòà Oral vestibule Rima oris Ðîòîâàÿ ùåëü Oral fissure Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland Glandula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Sublingual gland Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland Pharynx Ãëîòêà Pharynx Pars laryngea pharyngis Ãîðòàííàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Laryngopharynx Oesophagus Ïèùåâîä Oesophagus Pancreas Ïîäæåëóäî÷íàÿ æåëåçà Pancreas Hepar Ïå÷åíü Liver Vesica biliaris [Vesica fellea] Æåë÷íûé ïóçûðü Gallbladder Colon transversum Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Transverse colon Intestinum crassum Òîëñòàÿ êèøêà Large intestine Pars oralis pharyngis Ðîòîâàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Oropharynx Gaster Æåëóäîê Stomach Colon ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Ascending colon Colon descendens Íèñõîäÿùàÿ îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Descending colon Colon sigmoideum Ñèãìîâèäíàÿ îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Sigmoid colon Caecum Ñëåïàÿ êèøêà Caecum Appendix vermiformis ×åðâåîáðàçíûé îòðîñòîê Appendix Rectum Ïðÿìàÿ êèøêà Rectum Canalis analis Çàäíåïðîõîäíûé êàíàë Anal canal Duodenum Äâåíàäöàòèïåðñòíàÿ êèøêà Duodenum Jejunum Òîùàÿ êèøêà Jejunum Intestinum tenue Òîíêàÿ êèøêà Small intestine Ileum Ïîäâçäîøíàÿ êèøêà Ileum Anus Çàäíèé ïðîõîä Anus Ðèñ. 26 Îáùèé âèä ïèùåâàðèòåëüíîé ñèñòåìû Overview of the digestive system Cavitas nasi Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nasal cavity Vestibulum nasi Ïðåääâåðèå íîñà Nasal vestibule Larynx Ãîðòàíü Larynx Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea Sinus paranasales Îêîëîíîñîâûå ïàçóõè Paranasal sinuses Pars nasalis pharyngis Íîñîâàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Nasopharynx Pars oralis pharyngis Ðîòîâàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Oropharynx Pharynx Ãëîòêà Pharynx Pars laryngea pharyngis Ãîðòàííàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Laryngopharynx Bronchi principales Ãëàâíûå áðîíõè Main bronchi Pulmo dexter Ïðàâîå ëåãêîå Right lung Lobus superior Âåðõíÿÿ äîëÿ Superior lobe Lobus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ äîëÿ Middle lobe Lobus inferior Íèæíÿÿ äîëÿ Inferior lobe Lobus superior Âåðõíÿÿ äîëÿ Superior lobe Pulmo sinister Ëåâîå ëåãêîå Left lung Lobus inferior Íèæíÿÿ äîëÿ Inferior lobe Ðèñ. 27 Îáùèé âèä äûõàòåëüíîé ñèñòåìû Overview of the respiratory system 6 / 7!8(" ##!$# 29:; / <((" ##!$# !" ##!$ 23 45 %& '()!(# Ìî÷åâàÿ è ïîëîâàÿ ñèñòåìû Urinary and genital systems Ren [Nephros] Ïî÷êà Kidney Pelvis renalis Ïî÷å÷íàÿ ëîõàíêà Renal sinus Organa urinaria Ìî÷åâûå îðãàíû Urinary organs Ureter Ìî÷åòî÷íèê Ureter Vesica urinaria Ìî÷åâîé ïóçûðü Urinary bladder Urethra masculina Ìóæñêîé ìî÷åèñïóñêàòåëüíûé êàíàë Male urethra Organa genitalia masculina externa Íàðóæíûå ìóæñêèå ïîëîâûå îðãàíû Male external genitalia Penis Ïîëîâîé ÷ëåí Penis Urethra masculina Ìóæñêîé ìî÷åèñïóñêàòåëüíûé êàíàë Male urethra Scrotum Ìîøîíêà Scrotum Ductus deferens Ñåìÿâûíîñÿùèé ïðîòîê Ductus deferens Glandula vesiculosa Ñåìåííàÿ æåëåçà Seminal gland Ductus ejaculatorius Ñåìÿâûáðàñûâàþùèé ïðîòîê Ejaculatory duct Prostata Ïðîñòàòà Prostate Glandula bulbourethralis Áóëüáîóðåòðàëüíàÿ æåëåçà Bulbo-urethral gland Epididymis Ïðèäàòîê ÿè÷êà Epididymis Ductus deferens Ñåìÿâûíîñÿùèé ïðîòîê Ductus deferens Organa genitalia masculina interna Âíóòðåííèå ìóæñêèå ïîëîâûå îðãàíû Male internal genitalia Testis ßè÷êî Testis Ðèñ. 28 Îáùèé âèä ìî÷åâîé è ïîëîâîé ñèñòåì ìóæ÷èíû Overview of the urinary and genital systems of the male Ren [Nephros] Ïî÷êà Kidney Pelvis renalis Ïî÷å÷íàÿ ëîõàíêà Renal sinus Organa urinaria Ìî÷åâûå îðãàíû Urinary organs Ureter Ìî÷åòî÷íèê Ureter Vesica urinaria Ìî÷åâîé ïóçûðü Urinary bladder Urethra feminina Æåíñêèé ìî÷åèñïóñêàòåëüíûé êàíàë Female urethra Organa genitalia feminina externa Íàðóæíûå æåíñêèå ïîëîâûå îðãàíû Female external genitalia Clitoris Êëèòîð Clitoris Labium minus pudendi Ìàëàÿ ïîëîâàÿ ãóáà Labium minus Labium majus pudendi Áîëüøàÿ ïîëîâàÿ ãóáà Labium majus Tuba uterina [Salpinx] Ìàòî÷íàÿ òðóáà Uterine tube Ovarium ßè÷íèê Ovary Uterus Ìàòêà Uterus Vagina Âëàãàëèùå Vagina Ðèñ. 29 Îáùèé âèä ìî÷åâîé è ïîëîâîé ñèñòåì æåíùèíû Overview of the urinary and genital systems of the female Organa genitalia feminina interna Âíóòðåííèå æåíñêèå ïîëîâûå îðãàíû Female internal genitalia # 7891 $%&'%( '' + ,-. "/ ++ 01 '' !"# )'*% '' Âíóòðåííèå îðãàíû, ïðîåêöèÿ Internal organs, projection Oesophagus Ïèùåâîä Oesophagus Glandula thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea Pulmo Ëåãêîå Lung Cor Ñåðäöå Heart Diaphragma Äèàôðàãìà Diaphragm Gaster Æåëóäîê Stomach Hepar Ïå÷åíü Liver Splen [Lien] Ñåëåçåíêà Spleen Pancreas Jejunum Òîùàÿ êèøêà Ïîäæåëóäî÷íàÿ æåëåçà Jejunum Pancreas Ren Ïî÷êà Kidney Duodenum Äâåíàäöàòèïåðñòíàÿ êèøêà Duodenum Colon Îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Colon Ileum Ïîäâçäîøíàÿ êèøêà Ileum Appendix vermiformis ×åðâåîáðàçíûé îòðîñòîê Appendix Rectum et canalis analis Ïðÿìàÿ êèøêà è çàäíåïðîõîäíûé êàíàë Rectum and anal canal Ðèñ. 30 Ïðîåêöèÿ âíóòðåííèõ îðãàíîâ íà ïåðåäíþþ ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Projection of the internal organs onto the anterior surface of the body Ðèñ. 31 Ïðîåêöèÿ âíóòðåííèõ îðãàíîâ íà çàäíþþ ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Projection of the internal organs onto the posterior surface of the body 6 / 7!8(" ##!$# 29:; / <((" ##!$# !" ##!$ 23 45 %& '()!(# Âíóòðåííèå îðãàíû, ïðîåêöèÿ Internal organs, projection Pulmo Ëåãêîå Lung Cor Ñåðäöå Heart Diaphragma Äèàôðàãìà Diaphragm Hepar Ïå÷åíü Liver Gaster Æåëóäîê Stomach Vesica biliaris [Vesica fellea] Splen [Lien] Æåë÷íûé ïóçûðü Ñåëåçåíêà Gallbladder Spleen Colon Îáîäî÷íàÿ êèøêà Colon Ren [Nephros] Ïî÷êà Kidney Intestinum tenue Òîíêàÿ êèøêà Small intestine Appendix vermiformis ×åðâåîáðàçíûé îòðîñòîê Appendix Rectum Ïðÿìàÿ êèøêà Rectum Ðèñ. 32 Ïðîåêöèÿ âíóòðåííèõ îðãàíîâ íà ïðàâóþ áîêîâóþ ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Projection of the internal organs onto the rigth surface of the body Ðèñ. 33 Ïðîåêöèÿ âíóòðåííèõ îðãàíîâ íà ëåâóþ áîêîâóþ ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Projection of the internal organs onto the left surface of the body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`C!+!! Ô :# ; EQ 66.6 I4!!=<I - 66.6 :- 6 GG ; .-/ 0 0-1 -/ 2334!"#&!" &*&5'$# 6 78 / 9 : ;A. ovarica. < "!5#$93## #*;A. ovarica 2 3 4 " 56%1 ''' ? BC " D ''' L ? @ 7A% J - 4 " . " KH1% &' ! " c i a aa e ab e ab aa b h ac g f b d a d 6 i b b a EQ6O5Q2'Y33!!Q9O5 b EQ QR8!&!8!!Q D e 6 56Q>JIJ=Q 5 X d 6 6 56QlC!m>JIJ=Q ) 6 5 X i EQ5 O 6Q23!!QN O ae e H a j d a 6 6QH!IJ=Q) X b EQ6 66 Q%83!!Q(G 6 e EQ . $$6QBCA<33!!Q) $$ . d EQ6.Q*3!!Q9. g a b f aa ac d e i h j e j g h ad i d f d af ag ag f aj a b e d i f g j h ac aa ab ae ad ai af ag aj ah b ah ah e aa ai aj g # 666 QR="A3=4!IQE6 UO6 Q%8'+!IQE OO EQ QR3I!!Q) 6 E 6 Q/8&!IQE G D6 $6 Q2!>'!IQE 6 $6 6O . 6Q23&J=Q U . X EQ 6 $$666 Q%CA=!!Q (G $$ EQ6O566 Q%<'Y33!!Q (G 6O5 EQ 6 $$6F Q2!CA=!!Q K $$ EQ6O5F Q2!<'Y33!!Q K 6O5 EQ 6 QR8!=!!Q D EQ 6F QS!8=!!Q TF # 6 QV!83=4!IQ # 6O $6 Q[!Y>3=4!IQEO $ EQ6 6$Q*!'!=+!!Q k6 UG Q[08!'+!IQE OG EQ $$6QBCA<>!!Q ) $$ EQ QR8!<>!!Q D EQF QS!8<>!!QTF = > ?@ 0 A## )%##&;&"5# !"(# " %,# =BAortaBA#B : : BA. subclaviaB C'($#3# #*B D 8 BA. carotis externaB EF #$#)#*B G >0 BTruncus coeliacusB H$#' IB J 8 ->8: > B Aa. mesentericae superior et inferiorB C',# ) !5& #*B D 8 +1 B A. iliaca externaBEF #$$##*B J +1 B A. iliaca internaB< #$$##*B a 1 a EQ 6 $$6QBCA=!!Q ) $$ b EQ 6F QS!8=!!Q TF e EQ 6 QR8!=!!Q D d EQ 6. QR!"A!!Q 9. i EQ. 66QR="A&3!!Q E6. f EQ6Q]I3!!Q( g EQG6Q%+!!Q^ j EQ . 6Q_I3!!QL. h EQ 6. 6 Q_8>!!Q # 6 ac EQ $. 66. G6Q2!"==3!!Q 9. G $. aa EQ$F 6QR!"3Y=!!QkF ac a EQ$6 6. QR!"C!I3!!Q 9. $6 b EQ. 6G QS<'!84 !!QDG . e EQ@@6Q A'>3I!!Q?@ 6 d EQ6Q2>m'>3I!!QD 6 i EQ Q2>mC3!!QD f EQ F Q2!C3!!QK g EQ $Q*!C3!!Qk j EQ$6 G QSC!I3!!Q DG $6 h EQ 66 Q%C3!!Q(G ac EQ6$ Q*&1I!!Q9$ 6 aa EQ 66. QR!"<!1'>3!!Q 9. g e a j h b f a ac ab aa b i & d i d e f 9 a EQ $$6QBCA<>!!Q ) $$ b EQ QR8!<>!!Q D e EQF QS!8<>!!Q TF d EQ.6 G QS3!!!Q DG .6 i EQ $GF$. GQV8C'!!n&CYA <>8Y'=4Q-. $GF f KQ.O6Q%C'4Q#OO a EQ $$6QBCA<>!!Q ) $$ b EQF QS!8<>!!Q TF e EQ QR8!<>!!Q D d EQ O Q_<!4!!QLO i EQ. QR8!<!!Q D . f EQ G QS&3!!Q DG g EQ $O6Q2>m<=3!!QD $O j EQ6 6 6Q%!4I'!=+I!!Q ( 6 6 h EQ 6. QR!"&3!!Q 9. ac EQ$O6n# 6. 6Q28<3!!n'!I3=4Q W$O n. . aa EQ566G QS13<8I!!!Q DG 56 ab EQ 6$Q*!<!1'>3!!Q k 9 ": 3 2 ;)<( 1 ". 23 -4 11 5( '' #$%&'() '' !" *&)' '' Âåíû Veins V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein V. brachiocephalica dextra Ïðàâàÿ ïëå÷åãîëîâíàÿ âåíà Right brachiocephalic vein V. azygos Íåïàðíàÿ âåíà Azygos vein V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein Cor Ñåðäöå Heart V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein Vv. brachiales Ïëå÷åâûå âåíû Brachial veins V. mediana cubiti Ñðåäèííàÿ âåíà ëîêòÿ Median cubital vein V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein V. brachiocephalica sinistra Ëåâàÿ ïëå÷åãîëîâíàÿ âåíà Left brachiocephalic vein V. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ âåíà Subclavian vein V. cava superior Âåðõíÿÿ ïîëàÿ âåíà Superior vena cava V. thoracica interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ãðóäíàÿ âåíà Internal thoracic vein Vv. hepaticae Ïå÷åíî÷íûå âåíû Hepatic veins V. portae hepatis Âîðîòíàÿ âåíà ïå÷åíè Hepatic portal vein V. renalis Ïî÷å÷íàÿ âåíà Renal vein V. testicularis sinistra * Ëåâàÿ ÿè÷êîâàÿ âåíà * Left testicular vein * V. splenica Ñåëåçåíî÷íàÿ âåíà Splenic vein V. testicularis dextra * Ïðàâàÿ ÿè÷êîâàÿ âåíà * Right testicular vein * V. iliaca communis Îáùàÿ ïîäâçäîøíàÿ âåíà Common iliac vein V. iliaca interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ïîäâçäîøíàÿ âåíà Internal iliac vein V. mesenterica inferior Íèæíÿÿ áðûæåå÷íàÿ âåíà Inferior mesenteric vein V. mesenterica superior Âåðõíÿÿ áðûæåå÷íàÿ âåíà Superior mesenteric vein V. cava inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïîëàÿ âåíà Inferior vena cava V. iliaca externa Íàðóæíàÿ ïîäâçäîøíàÿ âåíà External iliac vein V. femoralis Áåäðåííàÿ âåíà Femoral vein V. saphena magna Áîëüøàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà íîãè Great saphenous vein V. profunda femoris Ãëóáîêàÿ âåíà áåäðà Profunda femoris vein V. femoralis Áåäðåííàÿ âåíà Femoral vein V. poplitea Ïîäêîëåííàÿ âåíà Popliteal vein V. saphena parva Ìàëàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà íîãè Small saphenous vein V. tibialis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ áîëüøåáåðöîâàÿ âåíà Anterior tibial vein V. tibialis posterior Çàäíÿÿ áîëüøåáåðöîâàÿ âåíà Posterior tibial vein Ðèñ. 36 Îáùèé âèä âåí áîëüøîãî êðóãà êðîâîîáðàùåíèÿ. Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå âåíû ïðåäñòàâëåíû íà ïðàâûõ êîíå÷íîñòÿõ, ãëóáîêèå íà ëåâûõ Overview of the veins of the systemic circulation. Superficial veins are illustrated on the right limbs and deep veins on the left * Ó æåíùèí: ÿè÷íèêîâàÿ âåíà, V. ovarica. In the female: ovarian vein, V. ovarica. 6 2, 78%( ''' > 2 A # ''' = > ? ;@% + , - . /$(% 0' Âåíû Veins V Q U V W O O UU R UX P T U T UP T S Q R UW S R UV S W W UV P O O V V U P W V O Q R T S U P W V O Q R T S UX UU UP UW UV + , !>&'/?, + 4 +- + ,- + 8 &/*;'/'A -4 +- + ,- + 4 +- + ,- + .&/*;'/'< =4 +- + ,- + !"# 4+ '1/N*2*?4+ $% & $% + , M2D((K + - 7 $% ++ ]'D'*&'/& ++ %- 7 ^ $% - 7 $% '/&@ 7 ^ $% + = 2&'/#= + + 7 8 921\"L': 8 + + +77 EDF&'C')377 + + !"&'C')# + + &'C') + ,- + = 22_;/0#= ,- + - , + *'*((@ , + '**A + ` + a2*1'à2*21'b + `c , &'**21'?, + , M2D((K + 74 + 8 !'\>'F&'\2* + 8 74 74 '\2*((<74 74 'C')'^&'\2*# 74 J9 V. ñava inferiorI A ;*'"#$&#!"*1.1!1V. ñava inferiorI +.)"-1&'()"(#$6/(1#$"+ G V. ñava superiorI A 2/3"#$&#!"*1.1!1V. ñava superiorI +.)"-1&'()"(#$6/(1#$"+ UQ UO U P UW W UV V Y? Z Y[C\/'121/&Z Y? = Z Y? Z Y[C\/'121/&Z Y? = Z O Q UP M\/'12'C';'1/& 9 , = UU R T UX S < = > =? @ ? A B. =C D/*.($&*10 3#$*.$30"&'!"*&/+!10!"+E)"1##&%+3&$*($*5/3%1#4+ $*4$.1("()"'0&%&'60&&4E)"!10!"+.0&+"/3&*61.F'0&% &'()"60&&4B1##&%+3&$*($*54&%*%1#4+C U P W V O A ."0< =4 +A8 "0A -4 +, - , !''"&*2@ , +, + 8 /'*A - + 7 8 /'*'^\/021' A - ^7 Q + + 8 'D''*A -+ + R 7 + , !>D(* ?, 7 + T !("'Fd2&'C')'d12)'1 e 8 G S + , !>&'12)* ?, + UX 7 8 !(\2;'2'd12)12? 7 8 UU + + .'D''*< =+ + UP + + 7 8 9'D''*: 88 + + UW 7 ./'*'^\/021' < = ^7 UV 7 + = 2D(* #= 7 + UO , + 9/C'*?, + UQ + ./'*< = + V. portae hepatic H"31($.3&#(10!"$* 9 ": 3 2 ;)<( 1 ". 23 -4 11 5( '' #$%&'() '' !" *&)' '' + ];'"( +-= l+ BB m"2/0(d&'"'1BB l+ BB b + 4 +- + ,- + /*;'/''d\"'/ 6 +- + ,- + f b + ,7 .;'*(d\"'/ K7 % f + , !>&'/ ?, + 7+ 8 7 .'&\2 < = 7 H 7 B E/0''"\"2B H 7 B + + 8 .(d/'*1\L < = + =- 7+ 8 8 7 '&\2 A - 7 ? ,7 + 5/'*1'&;''1 # + ,7 + = 2&'/ #= + + + 8 8 (d/'*1\L A - + =- K - + + g - + + h J*\"0'"(gJ'"h b- + + - , + *'*(( @ , + l+ BBB !'C(d&'"'1BBB l+ BBB @ , *0 < + 4 g + = h i/*(d&C(0 I 4 88 ,7 .;'*("22 K7 % b + + + k(d\"'/ 3 + f 7 + , !>D(*"2 ?, 7 + % '**("22 A 74 + &'* j74 + + = 2&'/ #= + + +77 EDF&'C') 377 + 74 + &'* j74 + 74 '\2*("22 <74 K 487 g 487 h GN)*\"0'"(gGN)'"h 487 7 + = 2D(*"2 #= 7 + % 74 + &'*("22 j74 + 6 = + G2_1L2'"( +4 = + + +77 EDF&'C')"2 377 + % + &'C')"2 + % + !"&'C')"2 # + % K + /L" K + 74 + &'*("22 j74 + > A =< K= 9 A 9 : A A L A > =? 2.)"-1&''&"(10.$#./01($&* E)"4$''"#"*(.&0&/#+$*4$.1("()"&M,5"*.&*("*($*()"60&&4: #"4#$.)$*&M,N"*60/"3&&#$*&M,5"*3/#30"-$M"4 60&&4O##&%+$*4$.1("()"4$#".($&*&'()"60&&4'0&% 7 A A 9 A A A2)&#(P .$#./$(6"(%""*()"#$5)(1*4()"0"'(1(#$/- 77 @ A =A 9 A A 2)&#(P.$#./$(6"(%""*()"3/0-&*1#,(#/*F1*4()"1#.)&'1&#(1 777 @ A =A 9 9 A 2)&#(P.$#./$(6"(%""*()"/-6$0$.10!"$*1*4()"$*'"#$&#!"*1.1!1 + 5'*'d&C(0 j %4 88 !"#$%&'()"#$*%" 7 @ A 9 A A A A A 77 X QY T ? = 9= = L < A 9 ? =+ , 777 G = QO < T 9 = ?=+ , 7 E)"!10!"P0$F".&**".($&*6"(%""*()"#$5)(1*40"'(1(#$1!$1()"'&#1-"*&!10"$+31++$!"0, .0&+"41(()"&*+"(&'#"+3$#1(&#,1.($!$(,$*()"0/*5+ 77 E)"4/.(/+1#("#$&+/+QR EOSS 4/.(/+T&*()"&()"#)1*4.0&+"+&*0,4/#$*5()"'$#+(%""F+ &'0$'"1+$(+0/-"*5#14/100,&60$("#1("+6,3#&0$'"#1($&*&'()"$*($-11*4$*.#"1+"4("*+$&* &'()"%100()"4/.(6".&-"+()"0$51-"*(/-1#("#$&+/- 777 E)"4/.(/+!"*&+/+QOUOVE;W24/.(/+T&60$("#1("+1'("#6$#()1*46".&-"+()"0$51-"*(/- !"*&+/-$*()"3&#(101#"1&'()"0$!"# 6 2, 78%( ''' > 2 A # ''' B > ? ;@% + , - . /$(% 0' !"#$%&'%%#! ()*+, ) * b + a(d\"'/ e f !" # l+ %7,- + 8 (d/2_"2*\12d&'"'1 A -%7,- +8+ Y Z Y!'C(d;'/Z Y Z n8 %7,- 8 + + od(/2_"2*\12C/( 3 + %7,-8 4+ '1/N*2* ?4+ + 8+ - + + ];;';'&'"'1 +-=- + +8+ b + 4 +-7 8 G'>'\'\"(d\"'/ 6 +-7 8 f K + + od*\"0 3 + , b + 4+ '1/N*2*(d\"'/ ?4+ f K - + + J*\"0 b- + +, n8 %7,- 8 '()*(/2_"2*\12C/( %%7,-8 l+ - + + J'd&'"'1 b- + +8+ K 487 GN)*\"0 487 , 3 +-% p2\";';'&'"'1 3 +-% n8 %7,- 8 487 , + 2"/0(22\L/0( /2_"2*\12C/(DN)'d&'/'\"2 K 8 + 487 %7,-8 b + [2)*(\"'/( # f b + 74 '\2*(\"'/( <74 f n8 %7,- 8 , , + 2"/0(22\L/0(/2_"2*\12C/("C K 8 + , +%7,-8 n8 %7,- 8 >'(/2_"2*\12C/( # %7,-8 %7,- + .2_"2*\12\'\( <%7,- + = AL A !"#!$"%&'()"0,-3)1($.+,+("- n8 %7,- 8 + + 2)d( /2_"2*\12C/( + + %7,-8 n8 %7,- 8 '()*( /2_"2*\12C/( %%7,-8 n8 %7,- 8 >'(/2_"2*\12C/( # %7,-8 n8 %7,- 8 + + ."/0()d( /2_"2*\12C/( < + + %7,-8 n8 %7,- 8 '()*( /2_"2*\12C/( %%7,-8 AL AL = Z AL 9 A = AA AL = ? =A ? ? = =A 9 AL= = 9 [#1$*15"1#"1+&'#"5$&*100,-3)*&4"+E)"4#1$*15" &'#"5$&*100,-3)*&4"+!1#$"+.&*+$4"#160,6"(%""* $*4$!$4/10+E)",&!"#013$*4#1$*$*5(&0,-3)*&4"+ &'()"$3+$01("#101+%"001+&'()".&*(#101("#10+$4" &'()"6&4, n8 %7,- 8 >'(/2_"2*\12C/( # %7,-8 8 * $ !A % # B " ; ! 10$8 "# 7< ;;! = / !0 , 1% %20% %% &4( 3 !$ %% 5 Íåðâíàÿ ñèñòåìà Nervous system !"# !$ %% & '(')( * !+ !, %- !$ %% .(') Cerebrum Áîëüøîé ìîçã Cerebrum C1 2 3 Truncus cerebri Ñòâîë ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Brainstem Plexus cervicalis Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå Cervical plexus 4 Nn. cervicales Øåéíûå íåðâû Cervical nerves 5 6 7 Plexus brachialis Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå Brachial plexus 8 T1 Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord 2 Nn. thoracici Ãðóäíûå íåðâû Thoracic nerves 3 4 5 6 7 Nn. intercostales Ìåæðåáåðíûå íåðâû Intercostal nerves 8 9 10 11 12 Cauda equina Êîíñêèé õâîñò Cauda equina L1 Nn. lumbales Ïîÿñíè÷íûå íåðâû Lumbar nerves 2 3 Plexus lumbalis Ïîÿñíè÷íîå ñïëåòåíèå Lumbar plexus 4 5 S1 2 Plexus sacralis Êðåñòöîâîå ñïëåòåíèå Sacral plexus 3 4 Nn. sacrales Êðåñòöîâûå íåðâû Sacral nerves N. coccygeus Êîï÷èêîâûé íåðâ Coccygeal nerve 5 Co1 Plexus coccygeus Êîï÷èêîâîå ñïëåòåíèå Coccygeal plexus 2 Ðèñ. 44 Îáùèé âèä öåíòðàëüíîé è ïåðèôåðè÷åñêîé íåðâíîé ñèñòåìû Overview of the central and peripheral nervous system > ", %- %% 7 ?@( D ! "!2G %% 7 & C D E F( 6 0 -! 7 !8 7 94( : ! " Nn. craniales. ×åðåïíûå íåðâû. Cranial nerves A W i@!"(;Cj W + AA < b$(;Cj< AAA ;IF!$GI(;Cj Ah B;!.! h , k!$% , hA K i(!"l$TK hAA W c$)!a hAAA !d;$(.!h AO , < +, mF.!G;!(!%S < +, O , B;?I_l$h , OA \!@I!%T + OAA +<, !Q"F%R+<, B!;CD!E!FG A 9 >!#( 9 AA AAA Ah >!F?%!. h hA AO hAAUhAAA O OAA OA J+ < NJK , g= P !!;G!I(E!FGNB;C@#P J+ < NJK , g= P N/PUV K : JK < #-$!E!FG!!N/PU < -$!E!FG -$.!D!. >I;FI(;!% *< K < N/PU & < T UV K : W I"-(;"U$?$.!D!. T U W Ðèñ. 45.0 0.0 3 , !"#1&%&%("#$&%&' B!;CD!D! %+ S !-%D$ +<, NOAAP !Q"F%NOAAP R+<, NOAAP T UV K : < I"-(;"UM$.!D!. T U < XV <Y Z X[(C.(I-)$$!ED)Z X <Y Z K < \!#I;C;!-I(.$ ] < < \$IÌGEI;C 9 < Î.;_%$% < < *< Î;!-I(!% < *< < !;!-I(!% * < !.;_%$% a < * bI$-%!. 9 K : !ED% T: + K a !#-$! cI(I;C-%!. K & K K , c%! \;$G! V K &, >D%!d.!? J Ðèñ. 46./ 0 0 !"#$$&' &%(1&$#&')'2*+ a K K >$I;C-%!. H$ JK K JK c!.(! e K >$I;C.!?--;%C" JK WW K >$I;C.!?-;%I JK W +<, NOAAP !Q"F%NOAAP R+<, NOAAP / 0 9 : !#-;($ < : 1 2 3 4 5 6 / < [M$#(!; *< f K H$#(!; J KK f W ^$?$#(!; AW f 0 N0PU !N0PUE?@ N0PU N/PU !N/PUE?@ N/PU >?@!d-;%! A 9 : ;%!#-;($ = < : H * $ !A % # B ! " " ; ! 10$8 "# 7< ;;! = / !0 , 1% %20% %% &4( 3 !$ %% 5 !@ * /0 V cI(I;CI".!?I"(C & &/ +<, !F!D!d-!% A +<, , !F!D!d-IM! A d , , W B!d-!;!! S W &0 VW BI"(C a &1 V, !;!I"(C S W cI(I;C.!?@I & W , W B a bI-$I(;C j !"#$%!d.#()!#(!; & f &2 9 : !"#$%!d.#()!!#-;($ & < : &3 , < [M$"G!$% *< , */ , W ^$?$"G!$% AW , K HI;$l * *1 *2 W < bI$.!?@I 9 W , *3 +, '!-%$.! +, +, bI-!M!!d.!-%$.! T+, V< bI""(C 9 V K : $.!D!. T .4 5 00 Plexus lumbosacralis6Plexus lumbalis et sacralis7 etPlexus coccygeus !"#'*-1 +&$&')'2*+&%("#$ $$,8&')'2*+ V K :< bI$.!D!. 9 S , < n#($(;CF; #-$!E!FG!!G!I XH-$!E!FG!!F;Z *< , , >?@ A V cI(I;CI".!?I"(C & V "".!?I"(C T < H(!;#-$!E!FG!!G!I fW < S , +< oF;#$E-I($%#.!G!#(!;I S , W +< f $GI;C($ J , V H!$$(;CI"(C V 93 4 4 .03 :3 0: 3 ;$#-& !+)%&'%+2-)'!( 1," "# &$$%+ 9 : +, '!-%$.!!#-;($ +, < : N P W ^$?$FI-!M! AW !"#$%& '#()!* +, '!-%$.!+, 9 : '#()!!#-;($ * < : *0 W i@l$EI;!@)! W B!;CD@)! <KK !;!! 9KK 9 : !"#$%!#-;($ & < : >?@ A V H!$$(;CI"(C V S , +< oF;#$E-I($%#.!G!#(!;I S , W +< f > ", %- %% 7 ?@( D ! "!2G %% 7 & I D E F( 6 0 -! 7 !8 7 94( : # $$ #" " 9 >!#( 9 S , < [M$DF; *< , , K < [M$D#% *< K S , K H$DF; J KK , , K K H$D#% J KK K S , NS , P !dG!F;NbF%I(F;P , , N* , , P T !.;_%$%I"-(;" T K W ^$?$D#% AW K +< gS , H$E-I($%#.$#(!;gF; *+< fg , , I;(!#( & < +< gS , H$E-I($%#.$#(!;g !"#$%F; *+< fg& , , < !"#$%(!#( & < +< g S , H$E-I($%#.$#(!;g '#()!F; *+< fg * , , < '#()!(!#( * < S , < ^-IF; S , < NAAAP ;IF!$GI(;CNAAAP j NAAAP W NhAAP c$)!NhAAP a NhAAP J+ < NJK , g= P !!;G!I(E!FGNB;C@#P J+ < NJK , g= P , < +, NAOP mF.!G;!(!%NAOP S < +, NAOP , NOP B;?I_l$NOP h , NOP T i@lI"#!I"I($" K + T !.;_%$%I"I($" * + +, K: I!FI(G!(I V , +, T g9 : K \GII!(gH%!#-;($ TW g K < : 9 K NT K P [!#M!"lI"%I#(CI!( N[!#M!"lI"I!(IP T K , 9 NT P I"%I#(CI!( NI"I!(IP +, c!FI(G!(I &W +, , $@;?I_l$#(!; T , f , < bI$@;?I_l$#(!; 9 , f g 9 : n#(!;g n!#-;($ fg < : 9 : < , $l!!#-;($ j < , < : S , nF; , , T g9 : !%%I"I($"g !%%!#-;($ V +gV < : T < g 9 : < [M""@?%I"I($"g [M@?%!#-;($ *< +g *< < : 9 K g 9 : K B_DI"%I#(CI!(g B_D!I!(I;C!#-;($ TK g TK < : T W g 9 : W ^$?""@?%I"I($"g ^$?@?%!#-;($ AW +g AW < : 9 !;!I"%I#(C < 9 < kIF!I"%I#(C 9 < 9 : +<, < [M-!%!#-;($ *< +<, < : T i@lI"-!F!DI"I($" + +<, !% R+<, 9 : +<, W ^$?-!%!#-;($ AW +<, < : 9 4 =B 3:.34. CD . 0 C. 4 >. ? ;,-)&"#"$)&" !"#&*" % - *+% *++,+"-=E#%" +,+"- !+,-)&"#"$8&%8'&&%("#$ %%$" %+' $&"(&' %8"# "1&'$ '*-%&!(" &++,-)&"#"$"*%F>8%? V K :< +< N < ? 4@ 4 :003 A&&+,-)&"#"$)&" !"#&*" % - *+% *++,+"- A&&+,-)&"#"$!1+> '"?*+*&'',"&'&' %8"# "#% !1+ ( .#)? $ & #9 '2@ ! ) +*.6 #9& 5: !!) ; #)*#" +$ $,*$ $$ # /012 -#). $$ # 312 Àâòîíîìíàÿ íåðâíàÿ ñèñòåìà Àutonomous nervous system ! "#$% "$ & ' N. oculomotorius [III] Ãëàçîäâèãàòåëüíûé íåðâ [III] Oculomotor nerve [III] ()$! "#$% "$ & N. facialis [VII] Ëèöåâîé íåðâ [VII] Facial nerve [VII] N. glossopharyngeus [IX] ßçûêîãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ [IX] Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] Truncus sympathicus Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë Sympathetic trunk Ganglion coeliacum ×ðåâíûé óçåë Coeliac ganglion Ganglion mesentericum superius Âåðõíèé áðûæåå÷íûé óçåë Superior mesenteric ganglion Ganglion mesentericum inferius Íèæíèé áðûæåå÷íûé óçåë Inferior mesenteric ganglion Nn. splanchnici pelvici Òàçîâûå âíóòðåííîñòíûå íåðâû Pelvic splanchnic nerves Ðèñ. 51 Ïåðèôåðè÷åñêèå ÷àñòè àâòîíîìíîé íåðâíîé ñèñòåìû. Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèå âîëîêíà â êîíå÷íîñòÿõ ðàñïðîñòðàíÿþòñÿ ïî àðòåðèÿì Peripheral parts of the autonomous nervous system. Sympathetic fibres of the limbs travel along with arteries <# 9"#$%# $$ #5 => B ) 9),E# $$ #5 / A B C 'D 4 * %) 5# )6 5 70 8 Àâòîíîìíàÿ íåðâíàÿ ñèñòåìà Àutonomous nervous system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a&@(,;(] \` #8 # #X] # M 1H $I 4 Q;+(L(1>;&4 M $ \G#X8 #MI #] \,);&@(,;(] \MI #8 # #X] ## * G ## I # * R # I ` 1D$ 4 a&1)((+4 ` 1D$ 4 \G#X8 #M ] \Q;+(,; (] \M $8 # #X] 7 b6L 7 W# c*K6 W# 2 # $0I >,)N,; ` # 8# # c+*K(L&?&; 3 # \d/e2/ # ] \%(,&*K(*&&L(] \3 # I8] ./ T+(*(&* D $8 \G#X8 # 0 #] \E;N6@(,; (] \Y 0 #8 # #X] \d/e2/M0 #] \Q;N6@(* &&L(] \M0 # I8] \d/e2/ #] \%(,&&?&;(*&&L(] \3 # I8] 2 >E3 FFG +,"$'"$&."#H'I $J( "!*FFG%$!C( .'%, "$' W "$#M );(*& 7M$I 2 ## " %(?L . #V ## H $ Q;(?L( 1>('4 H $ D$ " F(?L h$I $0 # W X" 5+(?L . # X U# 5,( U# 2 ## " %(?L . #V ## Y $ Z E;(?L( 1[('4Z Y $ Z K L A L4 EA L 36 M#" ! ! 'J$% C."E"' ! #-' "!*($)C K L A L4 A M#" ! ! 'J$% C."/"%'.' ! N @6 A 12 3 3 OC(#$%"' !# !#$H'$/' #,&",! W X" 5+(?L . # X D$ " F(?L h$I $0 # H $ Q;(?L( 1>('4 H $ W "$#M );(*& 7M$I \d $$I$ #] \F*@(*(&-] \`$ # $$] G # XI # a@(LN(? ` # # X d # $ # " I # a@(*+N(?*, ` # # " #g$ Y I [;& Y I D T+ # M 1H $I 4 Q;+(L(1>;&4 M $ 2 ## " %(?L . #V ## D # # ,(L, f$ # Y $ E;(?L( 1[('4 Y $ W/0#X$I" $ $0IiI$ >,)?)@@6i,'+ 7#X$I" $ $0Ii I$ K L A L4 E A L 2 M#" ! ! 'J$% C."E # ."" !#,"$' 032 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Îáëàñòè Regions Regio frontalis Ëîáíàÿ îáëàñòü Frontal region Regio nasalis Îáëàñòü íîñà Nasal region Regio temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Temporal region Regio oralis Îáëàñòü ðòà Oral region Regio mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Mental region Regio orbitalis Îáëàñòü ãëàçíèöû Orbital region Regio infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Infra-orbital region Regio zygomatica Ñêóëîâàÿ îáëàñòü Zygomatic region Regio buccalis Ùå÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Buccal region Trigonum submentale Ïîäáîðîäî÷íûé òðåóãîëüíèê Submental triangle Trigonum submandibulare Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé òðåóãîëüíèê Submandibular triangle Trigonum caroticum Ñîííûé òðåóãîëüíèê Carotid triangle Regio cervicalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü øåè Anterior cervical region Trigonum musculare [omotracheale] Ëîïàòî÷íî-òðàõåàëüíûé òðåóãîëüíèê Muscular triangle [omotracheal] Regio sternocleidomastoidea Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü Sternocleidomastoid region Fossa supraclavicularis minor Ìàëàÿ íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÿìêà Lesser supraclavicular fossa Fossa supraclavicularis major Áîëüøàÿ íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÿìêà Greater supraclavicular fossa Trigonum omoclaviculare Ëîïàòî÷íî-êëþ÷è÷íûé òðåóãîëüíèê Omoclavicular triangle Regio cervicalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ îáëàñòü øåè Lateral cervical region Ðèñ. 59 Îáëàñòè ãîëîâû è øåè Regiones capitis et colli Regions of the head and the neck Regio frontalis Ëîáíàÿ îáëàñòü Frontal region Regio zygomatica Ñêóëîâàÿ îáëàñòü Zygomatic region Regio parietalis Òåìåííàÿ îáëàñòü Parietal region Regio temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Temporal region Regio orbitalis Îáëàñòü ãëàçíèöû Orbital region Regio nasalis Îáëàñòü íîñà Nasal region Regio infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Infra-orbital region Regio oralis Îáëàñòü ðòà Oral region Regio buccalis Ùå÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Buccal region Regio mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Mental region Trigonum submandibulare Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé òðåóãîëüíèê Submandibular triangle Regio cervicalis anterior Trigonum caroticum Ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü øåè Ñîííûé òðåóãîëüíèê Anterior cervical region Carotid triangle Trigonum musculare [omotracheale] Ëîïàòî÷íî-òðàõåàëüíûé òðåóãîëüíèê Muscular triangle [omotracheal] Regio occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ îáëàñòü Occipital region Regio parotideomasseterica Îêîëîóøíî-æåâàòåëüíàÿ îáëàñòü Parotid region Regio sternocleidomastoidea Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü Sternocleidomastoid region Regio cervicalis posterior Çàäíÿÿ îáëàñòü øåè Posterior cervical region Fossa supraclavicularis major Áîëüøàÿ íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÿìêà Greater supraclavicular fossa Trigonum omoclaviculare Ëîïàòî÷íî-êëþ÷è÷íûé òðåóãîëüíèê Omoclavicular triangle Fossa supraclavicularis minor Ìàëàÿ íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÿìêà Lesser supraclavicular fossa Regio deltoidea Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü Deltoid region Ðèñ. 60 Îáëàñòè ãîëîâû è øåè Regiones capitis et colli Regions of the head and the neck Regio cervicalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ îáëàñòü øåè Lateral cervical region Ìûøöû Muscles )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 45 -+ 6!1 ( ! #7 &8'( % $ %A < T(! -& E(!+ -& K06 ./ 06 12343' 5/ 0 0A K6 # E3J84!C83 M# 6 S A E! S A !"## 9 !" #$ % &'( ;66 # 0 $ *8(,:J4 % 0 66 - A< VK X!4!2VH82, ;A<V Y % 6 & 6 8D'(!Z8 ;6& # 6 U VM0W# 8D8>V ,:2 U V# 0 ;66 A# X!4!* ,:J4 ;A# 66 ;66 0 88,:J4 ? 66 - VK6 6 A< L8H82V2!4!,:3' M &V A< 6 & T'(!,:2: ;6 *& - # V;^6 # $ 2V 8J3 % &V ^6 6 - T42 & ;66 G8=4:J4 ) 66 ;66 # $ *4:J4 % 66 ;66 # U $ *48D88>:J4 % U / 66 % 6 & T'(!848!8 ;6 *& # - L8H82 M & ;66 A X!4!*8H8:J4 ;A 66 - A< VK Q X!4!2V J82, ;A<V Y - A< VK QV% 0 & X!4!2V J82,V '(!C48D ;A<V YV& 6# 0 - # VM0W./ 06 $ 2V234:2 % &V./ 00 - !2 " & - # VM & $ 2V'(! % &V& ;66 #./ 0 $ *234:J4 %./ 0 66 - A< VK Q X!4!2V J82, ;A<V Y - 0 18(2 I 0 & - ./ 06 12342 5/ 0& ;66 A./ 0 X!4!*234:J4 ;A./ 0 66 % 6 & # T!='(!Z8 )#& # 6 ;66 U T48D88>:J4 U / 66 # & '(!,:2: )# *& % # & '(!848!8 )# *& # ;66 ./ 0 U 12348D88>:J4 5/ 0 U / 66 ?0A < 18424! << 00A - A< [8J82 \A< ] 1J!2 ] ;6 6 XC88'2 9/ 6 ?0A # T!=424! )# 00A 6 <&6 84!=8:8>! 6 # <& U VM0W F 8D8>V48,:2 U V F 0 ; 884 K % 848!8 # ?6 <&6 L8!=8:8>! 9</# <& ;66 U G8=48D88>:J4 ) U / 66 - # W$ 2W% & - W !2W" & ]W1J!2W] - ?0A )# - A< W[8J82W\A< WT42W < #WT!=424!W 00A U W 8D8>W U <&6 WT!=8>W <& - WL8H82WM & - ./ 06W12342W5/ 0& - 0 W18(2WI 0 & - A< WX!4!2W;A< $ % &'"( )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 45 -+ 6!1 ( ! : #7 &8'( ;66 0 88,:J4 ? 66 - L8H82 M & ;66 ^6 _8J3:,:J4 ;^6 6 66 ;66 A# X!4!* ,:J4 ;A# 66 I 6 8D4!!! ;6 ;66 A ^6 X!4!*8J3:,:J4 ;A ^6 6 66 - # $ 2 % & I # T!=4!!! )# I !!! " "6& L8H8: 3' M 6& ;66 A./ 0 X!4!*234:J4 ;A./ 0 66 ;66 #./ 0 $ *234:J4 %./ 0 66 ;66 ^6 _8J3:,:J4 ;^6 6 66 - A< [8J82 \A< ;66 < L8H8*+84!,:J4 M < 66 ;66 # 0 $ *8(,:J4 % 0 66 ;66 &<< $H 4!,:J4 I &<< 66 - 0 18(2 I 0 & - T42 & ;66 U T48D88>:J4 U / 66 ;66 0 U 18(*48D88>:J4 I 0 U / 66 ; 884 K ;66 ./ 0 U 12348D88>:J4 5/ 0 U / 66 M6 06 06 U6 T3=83D4848!8 \U 06 0 ;66 00 < N,*+84!,:J4 -00 < 66 ?</ 6 00 N,,:H,Z82 -00 0</ ;66 ./ 0 !*234:J4 "./ 0 66 M0W / <6 `!4!,:2 ;/ <0 <&6 T!=8> <& M6& ,:4,3C 6& 0 % 848!8 # - # W$ 2W% & - 0 W18(2WI 0 & - W !2W" & - WL8H82WM & - ./ 06W12342W 5/ 0& U W 8D8>W U - 00 WN,2W-00 & - A< WX!4!2W;A< <&6 WT!=8>W <& - - A< W[8J82W\A< WT42W & $ % &'"( 036 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull Os nasale Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü Nasal bone Tuber frontale Ëîáíûé áóãîð Frontal tuber Os frontale Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü Frontal bone Sutura coronalis Âåíå÷íûé øîâ Coronal suture Bregma Áðåãìà Bregma Linea temporalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Superior temporal line Linea temporalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Inferior temporal line Os parietale Òåìåííàÿ êîñòü Parietal bone Tuber parietale Òåìåííîé áóãîð Parietal tuber Vertex Òåìÿ Vertex Sutura sagittalis Ñàãèòòàëüíûé øîâ Sagittal suture Foramen parietale Òåìåííîå îòâåðñòèå Parietal foramen Sutura lambdoidea Ëàìáäîâèäíûé øîâ Lambdoid suture Occiput Çàòûëîê Occiput Os occipitale Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü Occipital bone Os nasale. Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü. Nasal bone Os parietale. Òåìåííàÿ êîñòü. Parietal bone Os frontale. Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü. Frontal bone Os occipitale. Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü. Occipital bone Ðèñ. 64 Êîñòè ÷åðåïà, Ossa cranii; âèä ñâåðõó Bones of cranium, Ossa cranii; superior view Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 56 -+ 7!1 ( ! 4 #8 &9'( Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull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ssa cranii" Ossa cranii# ! : !" #$ % &'( Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull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Ðèñ. 66 Ossa cranii$ $$%% $& ' (&$' " Ossa cranii)* ! )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 56 -+ 7!1 ( ! ; #8 &9'( Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull 6%% ,1" !! * 3/*/%/%%/$%% F> ! 8!" "9 - " 92 YQ/$%%%/ Q/ ^# .9" 2-D91 Y/Q 3//*% 4!!.,15 6// 3/*%%%Q% T ! 9 -,!9 ! F,! F>, U%=Q/Q $% &!#! '% 7%% 42 !K- 9 ; 7%) 2: K- 9 L) 3/*/%/%%/$%% F> ! 8!" "9 - " 92 YQ/$%%%/ V%$Z X9K- _ V%$ 3//=%= #> 9>,15 7=%=// ? ? + **%$% + ,- . **%$% $%?&!#! ?'% **%$%?+ ,- . ?**%$% $ $$%% $& ,* #*# 040 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull Crista frontalis Ëîáíûé ãðåáåíü Frontal crest Sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris Áîðîçäà âåðõíåãî ñàãèòòàëüíîãî ñèíóñà Groove for superior sagittal sinus Impressiones gyrorum Os sphenoidale, Corpus Âäàâëåíèÿ èçâèëèí Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, òåëî Impressions of cerebral gyri Sphenoid, body Dorsum sellae Ñïèíêà ñåäëà Dorsum sellae Proc. clinoideus posterior Çàäíèé íàêëîíåííûé îòðîñòîê Posterior clinoid process Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Os sphenoidale, Ala minor Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, ìàëîå êðûëî Sphenoid, lesser wing Foramen rotundum Êðóãëîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen rotundum Lingula sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíûé ÿçû÷îê Sphenoidal lingula Foramen lacerum Ðâàíîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen lacerum Foramen ovale Îâàëüíîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Îñòèñòîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen spinosum Sulcus nervi petrosi minoris Áîðîçäà ìàëîãî êàìåíèñòîãî íåðâà Groove for lesser petrosal nerve Os temporale, Pars squamosa Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü, ÷åøóé÷àòàÿ ÷àñòü Temporal bone, squamous part Sulcus nervi petrosi majoris Áîðîçäà áîëüøîãî êàìåíèñòîãî íåðâà Groove for greater petrosal nerve Margo superior partis petrosae Âåðõíèé êðàé ïèðàìèäû Superior border of petrous part Os temporale, Pars petrosa Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü, ïèðàìèäà [Êàìåíèñòàÿ ÷àñòü] Temporal bone, petrous part Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris Áîðîçäà âåðõíåãî êàìåíèñòîãî ñèíóñà Groove for superior petrosal sinus Foramen mastoideum Ñîñöåâèäíîå îòâåðñòèå Mastoid foramen Fossa subarcuata Ïîääóãîâàÿ ÿìêà Subarcuate fossa Foramen jugulare ßðåìíîå îòâåðñòèå Jugular foramen Canalis nervi hypoglossi Êàíàë ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà Hypoglossal canal Protuberantia occipitalis interna Âíóòðåííèé çàòûëî÷íûé âûñòóï Internal occipital protuberance Sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris Áîðîçäà âåðõíåãî ñàãèòòàëüíîãî ñèíóñà Groove for superior sagittal sinus Foramen caecum Ñëåïîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen caecum Ala cristae galli Êðûëî ïåòóøèíîãî ãðåáíÿ Ala of crista galli Crista galli Ïåòóøèíûé ãðåáåíü Crista galli Lamina et Foramina cribrosa Ðåøåò÷àòûå ïëàñòèíêà è îòâåðñòèÿ Cribriform plate and foramina Tuberculum sellae Áóãîðîê ñåäëà Tuberculum sellae Fossa hypophysialis Ãèïîôèçàðíàÿ ÿìêà Hypophysial fossa Canalis opticus Çðèòåëüíûé êàíàë Optic canal Sutura sphenofrontalis Êëèíîâèäíî-ëîáíûé øîâ Sphenofrontal suture Proc. clinoideus anterior Ïåðåäíèé íàêëîíåííûé îòðîñòîê Anterior clinoid process Sulcus caroticus Ñîííàÿ áîðîçäà Carotid sulcus Clivus Ñêàò Clivus Sutura sphenosquamosa Êëèíîâèäíî-÷åøóé÷àòûé øîâ Sphenosquamous suture Sulcus arteriosus Àðòåðèàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Arterial groove Fissura petrooccipitalis Êàìåíèñòî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ ùåëü Petro-occipital fissure Spina ossis sphenoidalis Îñòü êëèíîâèäíîé êîñòè Spine of sphenoid Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris Áîðîçäà íèæíåãî êàìåíèñòîãî ñèíóñà Groove for inferior petrosal sinus Fissura petrosquamosa Êàìåíèñòî-÷åøóé÷àòàÿ ùåëü Petrosquamous fissure Porus acusticus internus Âíóòðåííåå ñëóõîâîå îòâåðñòèå Internal acoustic opening Margo superior partis petrosae Âåðõíèé êðàé ïèðàìèäû Superior border of petrous part Foramen jugulare ßðåìíîå îòâåðñòèå Jugular foramen Canalis nervi hypoglossi Êàíàë ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà Hypoglossal canal Sulcus sinus sigmoidei Áîðîçäà ñèãìîâèäíîãî ñèíóñà Groove for sigmoid sinus Sutura occipitomastoidea Çàòûëî÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíûé øîâ Occipitomastoid suture Canalis condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé êàíàë Condylar canal Foramen magnum Áîëüøîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen magnum Sulcus sinus transversi Áîðîçäà ïîïåðå÷íîãî ñèíóñà Crista occipitalis interna Groove for transverse sinus Âíóòðåííèé çàòûëî÷íûé ãðåáåíü Internal occipital crest Os frontale. Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü. Frontal bone Os ethmoidale. Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü. Ethmoid Os temporale. Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü. Temporal bone Os parietale. Òåìåííàÿ êîñòü. Parietal bone Os sphenoidale. Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Sphenoid Os occipitale. Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü. Occipital bone Ðèñ. 68 Âíóòðåííåå îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà Basis cranii interna Internal surface of cranial base Ìûøöû Muscles ()*+,.&/&0 /12 67,* 8 0 ' 3 "9 %:&' Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull =$" < >())*)+0 < 3 $- -"% E+)'50 A-"" #% <-% D7+I' ,% <-3% #" - :10 9- " 3 # $ -%?%$ 8) *)+ # $ -%?%$ # $ O ') *)+ # $ # $ " %$Z #% - > ) *)+Z + +H 01+*)I' # $ " %$Z F - ?3% #" $ ? 610 S?? " 3 # $ %$ O*)+*)) *)+ # $ %$ " -"%B 9 -% - 650B 8))8 -?"B- F %"%-"%- % D8)*87 ) *)+ C- "%-" # $ .%% T1) *)+ U%% 3 $ #" - E10 F- " 3 ! " # $ $%$ &'() *)+ # $ $%$ Âíóòðåííåå îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà è åãî îòâåðñòèÿ Basis cranii interna, Foramina Internal surface of cranial base and foramina 45 ; ! "# $ %&' Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull [$ B9 $ (+0B0'*(+0 [$ B 3 $ F "G- ? %B=$$ ? +5)*)0B1+'*)+0 F- ? " B$ ?A-%$BF "G $? ]\/0*)'B+1+'5)*)0 F- ) *)+ # $ " %$ # $ " %$ >V ) *)+ C" 3 $ ,%-% -$ ? 6+5\/5( S ?- %-% S^BF "G-% D7_*)'B\/5)*)0 S^B- " ,%-% -- :5\/5( ; - %-% A-%$B=$ `- ]\/0*)'B+)'*)+0 F- < B `-# $ -%$$.% &'(\/) *)+ 2 - - 3 $ ,- E* *)' F- 9 "%` $-"% 608 8 a $-" " #% <-3 ]+P+I' C3 <-3% -3 - $ : +*5/' C3 - $ " - A- $ B F "G` $-"% D+*0*)'B *08 5)*)0 ; $ < B ` $-" " F "G- ? %B=$$ ? +5)*)0B 1+'*)+0 F- ? " B$ ?# $ O ') *)+ # $ # $ %$ O*)+*)) *)+ # $ %$ ;%< "%%$ -"% 68*) 5/80 9 -"% -%< " #$?<% ]+P_*)10 S?<% 3 ;%< "%%$ %$ J)5/80 F -%< " , ? O*)'0+ +50*)+ , 3 ? " -"%B9 -% ^- 650B8P)8 -?"B ^- F "G- ? % b+ +5)*)0 ,- ? " "%%$-? % 6*V +50V S-?""%% S -%"%-"% ^- % ]8P5*87 57 Y^- "%-"$ -% # $ - $-? %$ b+**V +) *)+ ,- $-?3 $ #.%% T110 U%% 3 F "G$-? % 6*V +5)*)0 S-? " # $ .%% T1) *)+ U%% 3 $ C"% $-? 6*V + 0 S-?-" A - X10*)' F -< ! " # $ $-? %$ 6*V +) *)+ S-?3 $ #% - 1+*)10 F - 3% ? %""- E)51I0 A""-"? "? WI0 50 ? " # $ $%$ &'() *)+ # $ $%$ = %" % D7 5++ ,% %" = %" 3 ]+P 5++ C3 %" F -%< -""- ^- ]8P5)5 *)8 Y^- ""- -%< " S^GD7_*)'GS^ A-%$G]\/0*)'GF- < A ? G+ +0*)'G, ? A3 - G4/0*)'G# -< [$ G6(+0G[$ A- $ GD+*0*)'G; $ < A - GX10*)'GF -< A` $-"%$G608 0*)'Ga $-"< A""- GE)0*)'GA""-< " # $% ()*+,.&/&0 /12 67,* 8 0 ' < "9 %:&' Êîñòè ÷åðåïà Bones of the skull # $" >V ) *)+ C" 3 $ # $ -%$$.% &'(/) *)+ 2 - - 3 $ F-%$?% %$ X \/ ! ?- # $-$ W/) *)+ = - 3 $ #% <-3 ]+P+I' C3 <-3% 9 "%` $-"% 608 8 a $-" " # $ O ') *)+ # $ #3 - $ : +*10 C3 - $ 3 # $ %$ O*)+*)) *)+ # $ %$ c # $ " %$Z #% - > ) *)+Z + +H 01+*)I' # $ " %$Z F - ?3% F %"%-"% ^- % ]8P*87 ) *)+ Y^- "%-" F "G$-? % 6*V +5)*)0 S-? " " -"%B 9 -% ^- 650B 8P)8 -?"B ^- # $ - $-? %$ b+**V +) *)+ ,- $-?3 $ ? %""- E)51I0 A""-"? # $ .%% T1) *)+ U%% 3 $ ! " # $ $%$ &'() *)+ # $ $%$ " # Basis cranii externa, Foramina $% ! 4= 044 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton ×åðåï, ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ Skull, radiography Sutura lambdoidea Ëàìáäîâèäíûé øîâ Lambdoid suture Sutura sagittalis Ñàãèòòàëüíûé øîâ Sagittal suture Cellulae ethmoidales Ðåøåò÷àòûå ÿ÷åéêè Ethmoidal cells Sinus frontales Ëîáíûå ïàçóõè Frontal sinuses Crista galli Ïåòóøèíûé ãðåáåíü Crista galli Linea innominata * Áåçûìÿííàÿ ëèíèÿ * Innominate line * Margo supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Supra-orbital margin Meatus nasi medius Ñðåäíèé íîñîâîé õîä Middle nasal meatus Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Os temporale, Pars petrosa Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü, ïèðàìèäà [Êàìåíèñòàÿ ÷àñòü] Temporal bone, petrous part Meatus nasi superior Âåðõíèé íîñîâîé õîä Superior nasal meatus Meatus acusticus externus Íàðóæíûé ñëóõîâîé ïðîõîä External acoustic meatus Septum nasi Íîñîâàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Nasal septum Proc. mastoideus; Cellulae mastoideae Ñîñöåâèäíûé îòðîñòîê; Ñîñöåâèäíûå ÿ÷åéêè Mastoid process; Mastoid cells Concha nasalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Middle nasal concha Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha Meatus nasi inferior Íèæíèé íîñîâîé õîä Inferior nasal meatus Palatum durum Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate Cavitas nasi Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nasal cavity Spina nasalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ îñòü Anterior nasal spine Axis, Dens Îñåâîé ïîçâîíîê, çóá Axis, dens Dens incisivus I Ðåçåö I (ìåäèàëüíûé) Incisor tooth I (medial) Corpus mandibulae Òåëî íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Body of mandible Ðèñ. 72 ×åðåï, Cranium; ïåðåäíåçàäíÿÿ òåëåðåíòãåíîãðàììà Skull, Cranium; AP-teleradiograph * Ïðîåêöèîííàÿ ëèíèÿ, íå èìåþùàÿ àíàòîìè÷åñêîãî îðèåíòèðà. A projection line without anatomical correlate. Ìûøöû Muscles ()*+,.&/&0 /12 45,* 6 0 ' 3 "7 %8&' ×åðåï, ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ Skull, radiography Q0 9 + '"< 2 4. T9 * D ) A Z [ D ) ?6U6 8 &', .'4. > 6 8)6 Q0 1"'22 4. = * 6 1- % ?6U6 8) Y , . '4. ? 6 8)6 L C ?* 2.4C !- 2- 4 $ *C * ) $7;))7; \ ]! ' 22J. B;))7; 0*8 8 J,, Q0*8 8 2 !"# $ % 70 8 G- 2-. T70 8 6 L +4 2.4 5 * $08 * +<-:4 22J. (8 * % 0 8 4H,2-. ( 86 )7 8 N, 2 !"# )7 8 (6 69 + '"< 4"# '#, T9 6 60 09 1'#-:4 2 !"# (9 ; %)08 * \. <-:4 B808 * R > C>6 ^ C ',22," > C 67 ? 080 @',A B8) > CP*6 0) ^ C! ,"'. > C) *6 >9 CD E4 !.C!" >9 C8 ?6U) F*6F 6 M%==O E44'4. 4 !. M ==O ) )6 9 M%==O %)08 * @<-:4 X8;08 * % ) 6 + ,' #'23 T) 66 L7; 80C%) &,`2!- 2.4C B; 8*C*8; > 08 * _<-:4 > 08 * W008 * 1<-:4 W008 * Cranium3&4 Cranium !"# $ 5 , & 46 +), 7 86(- 9 1 :#2;<909- 9 ! "# $ %&' !"# L) @J 2.4 ? * $ 6 &',',-. > 6 1- % L CP* 2.4C"' $ *C * I K IK I$ K (9 C?6U 1'#22-:4C'4. (9 C )6 L +4 2.4 5 * $0)* + , !-'4 )/* 0 L)7 8 C> 0d N, 2.4C.' )7 8C e L0) 14- 2.4 P0) * )0 0 N4 2 '',. 4 X; )0 $0 * &, !-'4 =/* 0 La; 0 60 ." 2.4 b; 0 6* D86 8 c-!" D6 87 (8 * +<22-:4 (8 * $00 &,',-'4 ( 0 (9 1'#22-:4 (9 I;0)7; 08 * K I+<-:44J]!K I(8 * ;0)7; K 4= :0 0 L 6 0 U%! 2.4UQ6 0 * L66 ) UY - 2.4UL66 ) * L70 8 UG- 2.4UT70 8 L U 2.4U$ * (9 CIL 6 F0KU1'#22-:4C IG!H 2.4KU(9 CI=6 F*K L)7 8 UN, 2.4U)7 8 L) U@J 2.4U? * La; 0 60U ." 2.4Ub; 0 6* L VL0) V(8 * U+4 2.4V14- 2 .4V+<22-:4U5 *VP0) *V(8 * $ 6 &',',-. > 6 1- % L CP* 2.4C"' $ *C * L) CP*) @J 2.4CJ"' ? *C) * $ 6 )7 8 N,',-. )7 8 L)7 8 C> 0d N, 2.4C.' )7 8C e L0) C?) 14- 2.4C ' J, MN J4 2- 4O P0) *C)) La; 0 60 ." 2.4 b; 0 6* $ 6 ) Y ,',-. ? >)) 0 \'", 2 '"' ? 0) f066 ) Y - 2-"2 f0)66 ) * (8 * +<22-:4 (8 * 0*8 8 J,, Q0*8 8 L0) C?f0 14- 2.4C-"- 2- 4 P0) *Cf0) > ;0) 6 S ' .H P;0) 6 L66 ) C? Y - 2.4C ' 2- 4 L66 ) *C ) 4= $ 6 0 8 4H,',-. ( 8 :0 0 ()*+,.&/&0 /12 45,* 6 0 ' : "7 %8&' !"# $ L Cf0 2.4C 2-"2 $ *Cf0) $ 6 &',',-. > 6 1- % L) CP*) @J 2.4CJ"' ? *C) * $ 6 ) Y ,',-. ? 0*8 8 J,, Q0*8 8 L66 ) Cf066 ) Y - 2.4C! - 2-"2 L66 ) *Cf0) 4= :0 0 h0U .Uh0 L66 ) VL) 0UY - 2.4V +A 2.4UL66 ) *V? * (9 CIL 6 F0KU1'#22-:4C IG!H 2.4KU(9 CI=6 F*K L U 2.4U$ * L0) U14- 2.4UP0) * La; 0 60U ." 2.4Ub; 0 6* L) U@J 2.4U? * (8 * U+<22-:4U(8 * L)7 8 UN, 2.4U)7 8 L66 ) Cf066 ) Y - 2.4C! - 2-"2 L66 ) *Cf0) $ 6 ) Y ,',-. ? L) @J 2.4 ? * I66 ) FK I& '-! -K IPF66 ) K $ 6 0 8 4H,',-. ( 8 $00 0 S'4 $00 0 L0) C?) 14- 2.4C ' J, MN J4 2- 4O P0) *C)) L66 ) C? Y - 2.4C ' 2- 4 L66 ) *C ) L0) C?f0 14- 2.4C-"- 2- 4 P0) *Cf0) L0) C?) 14- 2.4C ' J, MN J4 2- 4O P0) *C)) ?;0) 6C> ;0) 6 S ' 2- 4C ' .H P;0) 6)C;0) 6 %7 g %7 L)7 8 C?6U); 8 N, 2.4C.','4. )7 8C); 8)6 h0 . h0 L) 0CQ0 7 a +A 2.4C'! 2 4. ? *C7 a ) (9 C?6U) 1'#22-:4CA'4. (9 C) )6 IL 6 F0K IG!H 2.4K I=6 F*K (8 * +<22-:4 (8 * 4= :0 0 048 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ëîáíàÿ è ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòè Frontal and ethmoidal bones Squama frontalis, Facies externa Ëîáíàÿ ÷åøóÿ, íàðóæíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Squamous part of frontal bone, external surface Tuber frontale Ëîáíûé áóãîð Frontal tuber Margo parietalis Òåìåííîé êðàé Parietal margin Glabella Ãëàáåëëà Glabella Arcus superciliaris Íàäáðîâíàÿ äóãà Superciliary arch Facies temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Temporal surface Incisura supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íàÿ âûðåçêà Supra-orbital notch Pars orbitalis, Facies orbitalis Ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Orbital part, orbital surface Proc. zygomaticus Ñêóëîâîé îòðîñòîê Zygomatic process Pars nasalis Íîñîâàÿ ÷àñòü Nasal part Incisura frontalis Ëîáíàÿ âûðåçêà Frontal notch Margo supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Supra-orbital margin Spina nasalis Íîñîâàÿ îñòü Nasal spine Ðèñ. 78 Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü Os frontale Frontal bone Os frontale, Squama frontalis Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü, ëîáíàÿ ÷åøóÿ Frontal bone, squamous part Os nasale Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü Nasal bone Incisura supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íàÿ âûðåçêà Supra-orbital notch Lamina et Foramina cribrosa Ðåøåò÷àòûå ïëàñòèíêà è îòâåðñòèÿ Cribriform plate and foramina Margo supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Supra-orbital margin Fossa glandulae lacrimalis ßìêà ñëåçíîé æåëåçû Fossa for lacrimal gland Margo supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Supra-orbital margin Proc. zygomaticus Ñêóëîâîé îòðîñòîê Zygomatic process Lamina et Foramina cribrosa Ðåøåò÷àòûå ïëàñòèíêà è îòâåðñòèÿ Cribriform plate and foramina Lamina perpendicularis Ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Perpendicular plate Labyrinthus ethmoidalis Ðåøåò÷àòûé ëàáèðèíò Ethmoidal labyrinth Os frontale. Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü. Frontal bone Os ethmoidale. Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü. Ethmoid Os nasale. Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü. Nasal bone Ðèñ. 79 Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü, ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü, íîñîâûå êîñòè Os frontale, Os ethmoidale, Ossa nasalia Frontal bone, ethmoid, nasal bones Ìûøöû Muscles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Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate Proc. pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Pterygoid process Lamina medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Medial lamina Spina nasalis posterior Çàäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ îñòü Posterior nasal spine Lamina lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lateral lamina Sutura palatina transversa Ïîïåðå÷íûé í¸áíûé øîâ Transverse palatine suture Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Canalis nasolacrimalis Íîñîñëåçíûé êàíàë Nasolacrimal canal Apertura piriformis Ãðóøåâèäíàÿ àïåðòóðà Piriform aperture Foramen incisivum Ðåçöîâîå îòâåðñòèå Incisive foramen Spina nasalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ îñòü Anterior nasal spine Ðèñ. 85 Òâåðäîå í¸áî, âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà è íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà; âèä ñâåðõó Palatum durum, Sinus maxillaris, Concha nasalis inferior Hard palate, maxillary sinus, inferior nasal concha; superior view Proc. pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Pterygoid process Maxilla. Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü. Maxilla Os sphenoidale. Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Sphenoid Os palatinum. Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü. Palatine bone Concha nasalis inferior. Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà. Inferior nasal concha Sutura palatina transversa Ïîïåðå÷íûé í¸áíûé øîâ Transverse palatine suture Lamina medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Medial lamina Spina nasalis posterior Çàäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ îñòü Posterior nasal spine Lamina lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lateral lamina Os palatinum, Lamina horizontalis Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü, ãîðèçîíòàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Palatine bone, horizontal plate Foramen palatinum minus Ìàëîå í¸áíîå îòâåðñòèå Lesser palatine foramen Os palatinum, Proc. pyramidalis Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü, ïèðàìèäàëüíûé îòðîñòîê Palatine bone, pyramidal process Foramen palatinum majus Áîëüøîå í¸áíîå îòâåðñòèå Greater palatine foramen Maxilla, Proc. zygomaticus Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, ñêóëîâîé îòðîñòîê Maxilla, zygomatic process Sulci palatini Í¸áíûå áîðîçäû Palatine grooves Spinae palatinae Í¸áíûå îñòè Palatine spines (Sutura incisiva) (Ðåçöîâûé øîâ) (Incisive suture) Maxilla, Proc. palatinus Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, í¸áíûé îòðîñòîê Maxilla, palatine process (Os incisivum) (Ðåçöîâàÿ êîñòü) (Incisive bone) Foramen incisivum Ðåçöîâîå îòâåðñòèå Incisive foramen Sutura palatina mediana Ñðåäèííûé í¸áíûé øîâ Median palatine suture Ðèñ. 86 Òâåðäîå í¸áî, Palatum durum; âèä ñíèçó Hard palate, Palatum durum; inferior view Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles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Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ãëàçíèöà Orbit Foramina ethmoidalia anterius et posterius Ïåðåäíåå è çàäíåå ðåøåò÷àòûå îòâåðñòèÿ Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina Canalis opticus Çðèòåëüíûé êàíàë Optic canal Incisura frontalis Ëîáíàÿ âûðåçêà Frontal notch Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Os ethmoidale, Lamina orbitalis Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Ethmoid, orbital plate Sutura frontozygomatica Ëîáíî-ñêóëîâîé øîâ Frontozygomatic suture Sutura frontomaxillaris Ëîáíî-âåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé øîâ Frontomaxillary suture Os nasale Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü Nasal bone Ala minor Ìàëîå êðûëî Lesser wing Ala major, Facies orbitalis Áîëüøîå êðûëî, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Greater wing, orbital surface Crista lacrimalis anterior Ïåðåäíèé ñëåçíûé ãðåáåíü Anterior lacrimal crest Crista lacrimalis posterior Çàäíèé ñëåçíûé ãðåáåíü Posterior lacrimal crest Os sphenoidale Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sphenoid Os zygomaticum, Facies orbitalis Ñêóëîâàÿ êîñòü, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Zygomatic bone, orbital surface Os palatinum, Proc. orbitalis Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü, ãëàçíè÷íûé îòðîñòîê Palatine bone, orbital process Foramen zygomaticofaciale Ñêóëîëèöåâîå îòâåðñòèå Zygomaticofacial foramen Foramen infraorbitale; Canalis infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íîå îòâåðñòèå, ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êàíàë Infra-orbital foramen, infra-orbital canal Sulcus infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Infra-orbital groove Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris Ñêóëîâåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé øîâ Zygomaticomaxillary suture Fissura orbitalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Inferior orbital fissure Ðèñ. 89 Ãëàçíèöà, Orbita, çîíä ââåäåí â ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êàíàë, Canalis infraorbitalis Orbit, Orbita, probe located in the infra-orbital canal, Canalis infraorbitalis Os nasale. Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü. Nasal bone Vomer. Ñîøíèê. Vomer Os temporale. Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü. Temporal bone Os frontale. Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü. Frontal bone Os zygomaticum. Ñêóëîâàÿ êîñòü. Zygomatic bone Concha nasalis inferior. Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà. Inferior nasal concha Os palatinum. Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü. Palatine bone Maxilla. Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü. Maxilla Os sphenoidale. Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü. Sphenoid Os ethmoidale. Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü. Ethmoid Os lacrimale. Ñëåçíàÿ êîñòü. Lacrimal bone Cellulae ethmoidales Ðåøåò÷àòûå ÿ÷åéêè Ethmoidal cells Sinus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ ïàçóõà Frontal sinus Crista galli Ïåòóøèíûé ãðåáåíü Crista galli Os ethmoidale, Lamina perpendicularis Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòü, ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Ethmoid, perpendicular plate Os frontale, Pars orbitalis Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Frontal bone, orbital part Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Os temporale, Pars squamosa Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü, ÷åøóé÷àòàÿ ÷àñòü Temporal bone, squamous part Ala minor Ìàëîå êðûëî Lesser wing Os sphenoidale Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sphenoid Fissura orbitalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Inferior orbital fissure Ala major, Facies orbitalis Áîëüøîå êðûëî, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Greater wing, orbital surface Os zygomaticum Ñêóëîâàÿ êîñòü Zygomatic bone Canalis infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êàíàë Infra-orbital canal Os palatinum Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü Palatine bone Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris Ñêóëîâåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé øîâ Zygomaticomaxillary suture Concha nasalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Middle nasal concha Vomer Ñîøíèê Vomer Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha Maxilla, Proc. alveolaris Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, àëüâåîëÿðíûé îòðîñòîê Maxilla, alveolar process Dens molaris Áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá Molar tooth Maxilla, Proc. palatinus Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, í¸áíûé îòðîñòîê Maxilla, palatine process Cavitas nasalis ossea, Meatus nasalis inferior Êîñòíàÿ íîñîâàÿ ïîëîñòü, íèæíèé íîñîâîé õîä Bony nasal cavity, inferior nasal meatus Ðèñ. 90 Ëèöåâîé ÷åðåï, Viscerocranium; ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç Viscerocranium, Viscerocranium; frontal section Ìûøöû Muscles )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 56 -+ 7!1 ( ! #8 &9'( ! %% H> C ! W ,)*- ! H> %% D ` F " G ]%> E:0 # ,( -8E !8$ ! $6 ]%% >> GE %>0 D E" ]% 5 ( E( -8*(( . GE ]%% :I9B0G P8 < !) ! $ S9B0>0 > : 9B C$) ! W+,F "9B > / >G ' J2()* =>WG 0 % 4 5 $6 ( 7286 4 9 % ? & 8,) ! ) \ & / % K L - *+,)* M 0 ? $) VB ? KE:0 G L - $) E J2( ! $6 MVBEG %>0 /% `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Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sphenoidal bone Ala minor Ìàëîå êðûëî Lesser wing Apertura sinus sphenoidalis Àïåðòóðà êëèíîâèäíîé ïàçóõè Opening of sphenoidal sinus Corpus Òåëî Corpus Concha sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíàÿ ðàêîâèíà Sphenoidal concha Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Crista sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíûé ãðåáåíü Sphenoidal crest Ala major,Facies orbitalis Áîëüøîå êðûëî, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Greater wing, orbital surface Ala major Áîëüøîå êðûëî Greater wing Ala major, Facies temporalis Áîëüøîå êðûëî, âèñî÷íàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Greater wing, temporal surface Margo zygomaticus Ñêóëîâîé êðàé Zygomatic margin Crista infratemporalis Ïîäâèñî÷íûé ãðåáåíü Infratemporal crest Foramen rotundum Êðóãëîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen rotundum Spina ossis sphenoidalis Îñòü êëèíîâèäíîé êîñòè Spine of sphenoid Canalis pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé êàíàë Pterygoid canal Proc. pterygoideus, Lamina lateralis Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Pterygoid process, lateral plate Facies maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Maxillary surface 93 Proc. pterygoideus, Lamina medialis Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Pterygoid process, medial plate Hamulus pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé êðþ÷îê Pterygoid hamulus Incisura pterygoidea Êðûëîâèäíàÿ âûðåçêà Pterygoid notch Ðèñ. 93 Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, Os sphenoidale; âèä ñïåðåäè Sphenoid [Sphenoidal bone], Os sphenoidale; anterior view 94 Proc. clinoideus posterior Çàäíèé íàêëîíåííûé îòðîñòîê Posterior clinoid process Sulcus caroticus Ñîííàÿ áîðîçäà Carotid sulcus Foramen rotundum Êðóãëîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen rotundum Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure Dorsum sellae Ñïèíêà ñåäëà Dorsum sellae Proc. clinoideus anterior Ïåðåäíèé íàêëîíåííûé îòðîñòîê Anterior clinoid process Ala minor Ìàëîå êðûëî Lesser wing Margo parietalis Òåìåííîé êðàé Parietal margin Ala major, Facies cerebralis Áîëüøîå êðûëî, ìîçãîâàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Greater wing, cerebral surface Sulcus arteriosus Àðòåðèàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Arterial groove Lingula sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíûé ÿçû÷îê Sphenoidal lingula Margo squamosus ×åøóé÷àòûé êðàé Squamosal margin Sulcus tubae auditivae Áîðîçäà ñëóõîâîé òðóáû Sulcus of auditory tube Canalis pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé êàíàë Pterygoid canal Corpus Òåëî Corpus Proc. vaginalis Âëàãàëèùíûé îòðîñòîê Vaginal process Proc. pterygoideus, Lamina medialis Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Pterygoid process, medial plate Spina ossis sphenoidalis Îñòü êëèíîâèäíîé êîñòè Spine of sphenoid Rostrum sphenoidale Êëèíîâèäíûé êëþâ Sphenoidal rostrum Fossa scaphoidea Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ ÿìêà Scaphoid fossa Hamulus pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíûé êðþ÷îê Pterygoid hamulus Fossa pterygoidea Êðûëîâèäíàÿ ÿìêà Pterygoid fossa Proc. pterygoideus, Lamina lateralis Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Pterygoid process, lateral plate Incisura pterygoidea Êðûëîâèäíàÿ âûðåçêà Pterygoid notch Ðèñ. 94 Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, Os sphenoidale; âèä ñçàäè Sphenoid [Sphenoidal bone], Os sphenoidale; posterior view Ìûøöû Muscles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s occipitale et Os sphenoidale +,," ' ! : !" ! "#$ = %$ 7.H.,,- " " O ( &B ($ P.9D0D/&+D,01.,/ O ($ & ($ ($ ( .,.+D,.++ : ( ($ ! B $ ( `1,00HD- $ ( )% 6 $ ( `[.+,<..,/ $ ( = %$3 ) *+,+,- $3 ) ( % ) J) $ 7.H.,,0.- " )3 W$ ) $ ( X W`1,0/X W$ ( $ ) X " $ *H.,+0D/ " $ B ( )( ( ?[.+,..+. = ( ) = % $ ND,- 5 $ ( % ) J) ( ?[.+,0.- = )3 B !($ )( ,,a[.+,0E./ Z!($ )( " #( ?[.+,= $ Z ( ?,<2 " #>!%( ?-@!%( $ " !($ ) ,,0D/ Z!($ ) $ - * B ( ) &B `+^,.D.G,00H-&,01.,/ = ) & B $ !($ ) *H.,+a,,0E./ " !($ ) " #! b++,! $ = F ) `^,1 _F ) ( ./# " O ( P.9D0D/ O ($ B $ O ( *H.,+aD.9D0E./ " O ( " $ *H.,+0D/ " $ " !($ ) ,,0D/ Z!($ ) $ - * 01 ./# 2 " #$ % &'( )*+ ,-. /'0'1! 023 56 -+ 7!1 ( ! ; #8 &9'( ! "#$ = %$ 7.H.,,- " " O ( &B P.9D0D/&H<01.,/ O ($ & _( ) ) c<,.9.,+. 2 ( ) ) J) $ 7.H.,,0.- " )3 4.+/,0 2 % = %$ $ $ C.,+-1+H+ $ $ $ B ( )( ( ?[.+,..+. = ( ) = %$3 ) *+,+,- $3 ) ( % ) = % $ ND,- 5 $ ( % ) B I<00H- ) %( +<H+,<+, : %( ) " ) ) C,.,,....+. J) ) $ ) )% 2$ F$ $ C.9-1+H+ 2$ F$ $ " # ) 8% C,+0.H,J) 8% $ " #! b++,! $ - * = %$3 ) *+,+,- $3 ) ( % ) 2$ ) 41.-,/[1..+0 5$ ) )% ) ./# 6 ) ( A9.D,a,-, = ) 6 ) &2$ ) ) ?,,-,&,.,,001. 6 ) & ) ) $ ) )% 2$ F$ $ C.9-1+H+ 2$ F$ $ 6 ) &2$ F ) ?,,-,&,^,01. 6 ) & F ) $ ) )% " #>!%( ?-@!%( $ B $ *H.,+00HD- " Z ( ?,<2 2$ ) 3 41.-,/[+-+ 5$ ) )%3 ) " # ) 8% C,+0.H,J) 8% $ B ( ) `+^,.D.G,00H- = ) B $ !($ ) *H.,+a,,0E./ " !($ ) = F ) `^,1 _F ) ( " #! b++,! $ " #( ?[.+,= $ J) ( ?[.+,0.- = )3 B 8% ].H,00H- Y% Q % ) $ ! C<+E.9++,<- 3 3! $ B ( )!( ( b+[.+,..+. !( ( ) = % $ ND,- 5 $ ( % ) B ( )( ( ?[.+,..+. = ( ) - * ./# 060 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible Proc. condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé îòðîñòîê Condylar process Proc. coronoideus Âåíå÷íûé îòðîñòîê Coronoid process Juga alveolaria Àëüâåîëÿðíûå âîçâûøåíèÿ Alveolar yokes Linea obliqua Êîñàÿ ëèíèÿ Oblique line Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible Pars alveolaris Àëüâåîëÿðíàÿ ÷àñòü Alveolar part Foramen mentale Ïîäáîðîäî÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Mental foramen Basis mandibulae Îñíîâàíèå íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Base of mandible Angulus mandibulae Óãîë íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Angle of mandible Tuberculum mentale Ïîäáîðîäî÷íûé áóãîðîê Mental tubercle Protuberantia mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íûé âûñòóï Mental protuberance Corpus mandibulae Òåëî íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Body of mandible Ðèñ. 100 Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandibula Mandible Caput mandibulae Ãîëîâêà íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Head of mandible Fovea pterygoidea Êðûëîâèäíàÿ ÿìêà (íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè) Pterygoid fovea Proc. coronoideus Âåíå÷íûé îòðîñòîê Coronoid process Incisura mandibulae Âûðåçêà íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Mandibular notch Proc. condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé îòðîñòîê Condylar process Arcus alveolaris Àëüâåîëÿðíàÿ äóãà Alveolar arch Pars alveolaris Àëüâåîëÿðíàÿ ÷àñòü Alveolar part Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible (Tuberositas masseterica) (Æåâàòåëüíàÿ áóãðèñòîñòü) (Masseteric tuberosity) Protuberantia mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íûé âûñòóï Mental protuberance Foramen mentale Ïîäáîðîäî÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Mental foramen Angulus mandibulae Óãîë íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Angle of mandible Corpus mandibulae Òåëî íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Body of mandible Ðèñ. 101 Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandibula Mandible Incisura mandibulae Âûðåçêà íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Mandibular notch Caput mandibulae Ãîëîâêà íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Head of mandible Proc. coronoideus Âåíå÷íûé îòðîñòîê Coronoid process Fovea sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ÿìêà Sublingual fossa Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible Foramen mandibulae Îòâåðñòèå íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Mandibular foramen Corpus mandibulae Òåëî íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Body of mandible Sulcus mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Mylohyoid groove (Tuberositas pterygoidea) (Êðûëîâèäíàÿ áóãðèñòîñòü) (Pterygoid tuberosity) Spina mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ îñòü Mental spine Fossa digastrica Äâóáðþøíàÿ ÿìêà Digastric fossa Proc. condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé îòðîñòîê Condylar process Lingula mandibulae ßçû÷îê íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Lingula Angulus mandibulae Óãîë íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Angle of mandible Linea mylohyoidea ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ëèíèÿ Mylohyoid line (Torus mandibularis) (Íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé âàëèê) (Mandibular torus) Ðèñ. 102 Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandibula Mandible Fovea submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ÿìêà Submandibular fossa Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles ()*+,.&/&0 /12 45,* 6 0 ' 3 "7 %8&' Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible , H$ *"#$%" I & W*"#$%" X E& 2 <=$ 2 > - UC"#$%" > - N 2G2 O$%P74Q)C*)5C4* 82G2 -' ; : ""#$%" 8 & + ' ($! $)*)46/* +' G K9 , , 2- L K@$ "4*)56/"!L K, 2- , ,2L +- ./$"#$%" +- & > 2G2 O$%P74Q)C*)$"") 82G2 ;' 34"#$%*))J* N & K; - L KUC "L K> - & L ;' - 34Q)C*))J* N - & N , 3454*)! 8 , KN2G2 L KT"#$%"JV"CL K8 2G2 L ; - , R 65%D*))J* S - , & Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandibula Mandible 0$"#$%" 1 2& 2 <=$ 2 ; , 3454 " 8 ,& !"#$%" & Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, Mandibula, ÷åëîâåêà ñòàð÷åñêîãî âîçðàñòà Mandible, Mandibula, of an old individual 0$"#$%" 1 2& S <$C65 S ,,G 2 <=$ 2 KN2G2 L KT"#$%"JV"CL K8 2G2 L !"#$%" & ; , 3454 " 8 ,& Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, Mandibula, íîâîðîæäåííîãî Mandible, Mandibula, of a neonate 9 ! !"!#"$!% "# $ %&' A , ]a2-, "*)!]6$ 9 ]a2-, , \6* *)*76$* B , , Y, T*6#$6Z " [Y, , - , 2- ]> , @$ "4] $**$!*)7$*"* , 2- ], , +, , , ]> -, "P"#$%6* ] $**$!*) )C* 9 b ,], - , 2 <=$ 2 ,2 W"$ "4 N,2 > - ,2 W"$"#$%*) )C* N,2 - , +- ^K9 , , L ./$"#$%"^KM *$!*)56/"!L +- & ^K8 , , ,2L % & )*+,*",-$ N G @$" "4*)7*C6Z* NG N , @*)7/4** 12 , A ,G ]> `D**)!] 774"6$)*)7$*"* [,G ] , _ \D" _ ' , ]G @*) *)7$!]Z** 12 ' ,2]G , 2- @$ "4 , 2- > , c**$!*)7$*"* >, , > <4"*$!*)7$*"* 8 , I , 2- @$ "4% , 2- G N 2G2 O$%P74Q)C*)5C4* 82G2 -' > 2G2 O$%P74Q)C*)$"") 82G2 ' ( Articulatio temporomandibularis ; G2G2 H"7V"C**))J* I2G2 & S \7"*4$* S A G ] @$" "4*)!]$ NG ] 2 ' \* ' N G :!$" "4" N & G > -, 2- @$ "4P"*) )C* , 2- - , ' G2- @**$74Q)C/ * I2- ,2 W"$ "4 N,2 > - G @$" "4P"#$%*) )C* NG - , > - ,2 W"$"#$%*) )C* N,2 - , !"#$%" & > - UC"#$%" > - +- ^K9 , , 2- L ./$"#$%"^K@$ "4*)56/"!L +- & ^K, 2- , ,2L ./ #& #& Lig. pterygospinale et Lig. sphenomandibulare 0$,123+"33+4*", 2*$3 ()*+,.&/&0 /12 45,* 6 0 ' : "7 %8&' !"!#"$!% 9 , \6* 56/ +, , ; ]; , T"#$%*))J*]6* *)7 Z! 8 & ], & S , \6* 4" +, A a2-, \6$ *)! e2-, , Y, T*6#$6Z " [Y, , - W*"#$%" X E& , H$ *"#$%" I & , \d "4 8 , ,2 W"$ "4 N,2 , \6* *)*76$* B , !"#$%" & % & ' ( Articulatio temporomandibularis5 /' 6 77 / 8 )*+,*",-$Articulatio temporomandibularis5 32$$36$*"$4*3$63 9 , \6* 56/ +, , ; ]; , T"#$%*))J*]6* *)7 Z! 8 & ], & S , \6* 4" +, , H$ *"#$%" I & A a2-, \6$ *)! e2-, , Y, T*6#$6Z " [Y, , W*"#$%" X E& , \d "4 8 , , \6* *)*76$* B , ,2 W"$ "4 N,2 !"#$%" & % & ' ( Articulatio temporomandibularis5 /' 6 7 / 8 )*+,*",-$Articulatio temporomandibularis532$$ 36$*"$4+ fgh] fgi 064 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Âèñî÷íî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ñóñòàâ è æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles ìåäèàëüíî medial âåðõ superior ñïåðåäè anterior ñçàäè posterior ñïåðåäè anterior a ñçàäè posterior b íèç inferior ëàòåðàëüíî lateral Ðèñ. 110 a, b Ñóñòàâíîé äèñê âèñî÷íî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíîãî ñóñòàâà Articulatio temporomandibularis, discus articularis Articular disc of the temporomandibular joint a âèä ñâåðõó; superior view. b âèä ñáîêó; lateral view. M. temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Temporalis Arcus zygomaticus Ñêóëîâàÿ äóãà Zygomatic arch M. pterygoideus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ êðûëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Lateral pterygoid M. pterygoideus medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ êðûëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Medial pterygoid Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible T4 M. masseter, Pars superficialis Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ÷àñòü Masseter, superficial part Ðèñ. 111 Æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû, Mm. masticatorii. Ñòðåëêàìè óêàçàíî íàïðàâëåíèå ìûøå÷íîé òÿãè ïðè çàêðûâàíèè ðòà Masticatory muscles, Mm. masticatorii. Arrows indicate the direction of muscle traction when closing the mouth Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles +,- ./0 )1)2# 134 :; /- <#2 * # 5 %= " (>)* !"#$%!& ! + ,-./%0#/%&' 1 ! + ? "$-&@'# + A 9+ : B%&#<.@.%=- C + 5 9+ : D 9+ : .-&0<.@.%=- D 5 9+ : = Articulatio temporomandibularis >$%&!!%'( )!' E K N E J K J N H H R P P R E H J K F 9;/$<@%$8&@7/8'GF 9 4 9+ 2I.%#&@-/-#A 9+ ? "$-&@'# + L 3M 9+ : #-03<..%=-# : 93 9+ : 5 N L 3: #-03$-&@O$(/# : 93 : P Q9 9+ : /.>#<.@.%=- 9+ : 9 * R 4 9 +..@-/-#A 9 + = Articulatio temporomandibularis, 4 *44 0 9 8* 6 9 8 9 * 43 8 2 ?** *@ 9A/ B* *3 * 4C9 8* >$%&!!%'( )!' Articulatio temporomandibularis, !%!<&#; $ &!)$!' "$ ')$!' !" !' %$% '! #$ )!' -; ?#!<&#;A/ >#$ #" "!. '< !&$''< !" #$ %!# 8* 7*3 4 *, %!# ! $/ 8* *3 4 *, %!# !&$'$/ 67869 ! "#$ * +'&!(&)#'($' ! "#$%&'$( ) ! * 6.&-.%0 9+ : ;<.%=-0 9+ : 129 9 43563 M. masseter et M. temporalis : $$ ' $%&! % $ ! + ,-./%0#/%&' 1 ! + : "$-&@O$(/# : S 3A 95 T%0.#/%37'&@(/.O.0 U V 9!3 95 L 34 ! #-03#$%&@-/-# : 93 ! M 9+ : 3M ;<..%=-#3$-&7&./8-0 9+ : 5 3 5 L ! 34 "#$%&#-03&@-/-# ) ! : 93 ? "$-&@'# + A 9+ : B%&#<.@.%=- C + 5 9+ : A "$-&#7$% W 9 ! ++ 2.'%0#/%&' + ! + ! ++ 3Q9 XY: ! + Z 2.'%0#/%&'37/#/.7%..XY[/%&'O$(/--0Z + ! +3 9 9XY4 ! +: Z = 4 29 *29 *3 3 43563 Articulatio temporomandibularis, Mm. pterygoidei medialis et lateralis >$%&!!%'( )!', %$ ' $ &$;<! % $ %& "' ()* +,- ./0 )1)2# 134 :; /- <#2 * # ? %= " (>)* * +'&!(&)#'($' \ :+9]cQ^ e-&'I@./&]cQ^ :+99 `]cQ^ 4 ]c 9^ 2(#.fO];fO>&.#^ b 5 \ ]QQ^ _/-.%0@./&]QQ^ L 9 `]QQ^ \ * ]Qc^ T%#&@./&]Qc^ * * 9 `]Qc^ \ ]QQQ^ B%>'&(-.%0@./&]QQQ^ L 9 `]QQQ^ \ ! 9]c^ d/@@./&]c^ ! 9 9 `]c^ 5 3D5 9 a&./8-&/-./3%O&.-&0 b 5 35 9 : 9* 9 9 $-/./-./ Q9 9 + M 9+ : ;<..%=-# 9+ : 5 A "$-&#7$% W 9 ? "$-&@'# + ! + 3A ,-./%0#/%&'3&./8(%&# 1 ! +3 * + A 9+ : B%&#<.@.%=- C + 5 9+ : 1 !*9 9+ : [%&'h<..%=-&># b*9 9+ : ! 9 ! + 3A 95 ,-./%0#/%&'3<(%&# 1 ! +3 V * + \ 9! j>@./& 1 9! 9 ` ! ++ 2.'%0#/%&' + ! + \ ` 95 ;<@%0&.%/@./& Q95 ` 9 ` 6.&-.%0 C ! + [/%&'@#/=# 4 ! +* 9! 9+ : g(%<.@.%=- 9! 5 9+ : L* +3A 9 S a'i>#-03O%0@/( C +: 93! * 9 * + k.%=-h7'i> * + !9 ! a'O/'h> U9 ! 4 a'#<. 4 !9 * + a'O/'h7'i> U9 * + * + ,7-h7'i> L * + * * + l-7'i> * * + 9 * + B/$'h7'i> b 9 * + 123 43563 / D*7 C @* 2 2 8* + 9C *7 * 7 2 2 8* + 9C 8 *8, 7 : !; % $ / E!' $!' #!<# #$ $%&!!%'( )!' ' #!F!' $!' #!<# #$ -, &! $! -$. 068 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Masticatory muscles N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve[II] V.; A. temporalis superficialis, R. frontalis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå âèñî÷íûå âåíà è àðòåðèÿ, ëîáíàÿ âåòâü àðòåðèè Superficial temporal vein and artery, frontal branch of artery Cellulae ethmoidales Ðåøåò÷àòûå ÿ÷åéêè Ethmoidal cells Septum nasi Íîñîâàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Nasal septum M. temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Temporalis R. temporalis (VII) Âèñî÷íàÿ âåòâü (VII) Temporal branch (VII) Concha nasalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Middle nasal concha N. infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ Infra-orbital nerve Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha R. zygomaticus (VII) Ñêóëîâàÿ âåòâü (VII) Zygomatic branch (VII) M. masseter, Pars profunda Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà, ãëóáîêàÿ ÷àñòü Masseter, deep part M. masseter, Pars superficialis Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ÷àñòü Masseter, superficial part Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Glandula parotidea accessoria Äîáàâî÷íàÿ îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Accessory parotid gland Maxilla Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Maxilla Ductus parotideus Îêîëîóøíîé ïðîòîê Parotid duct M. buccinator Ùå÷íàÿ ìûøöà Buccinator A. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Facial artery Dens molaris II 2-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd molar tooth Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland Nodus lymphoideus submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ëèìôàòè÷åñêèé óçåë Submandibular lymph node T4 M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Lingua ßçûê Tongue M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly Ðèñ. 117 Æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû, Mm. masticatorii; ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç, âèä ñïåðåäè Masticatory muscles, Mm. masticatorii; frontal section, anterior view Ìûøöû Muscles +,- ./0 )1)2# 134 67 /- 8#2 * # 5 %9 " (:)* Æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Masticatory muscles 7 '* _* `!!A#"a0" _* ' L ) :!$! "=!"!/0 J 7W ) I!!$!$ JW 3 * 2 * b",=!=B \ 2 * ( O5 PW) N O5""5 P 3 S3'* _* `!$0,! V3'* _* L) > 4"#%.$ B,# > 3) * 45$!% 6* * )& =,-!0%$ & R )&2 45;A%.$5 R *)&2 !"#!$%$ J A" ) W JW* ) * :5;5A !"A" <) * W* ) W 3'*& 7 ) O"0"!5/ 5;=!!0 E 3'*& *d 8& J)' FB%A" E)' ) W 3'*& 7 O"0"!5/ "#=!!0 E 3'*& 8& NW* ) * :5;!" ""5 <) * W* 3 3'*& & c/50"!5/ & 3'*& N> 4"#%.$ ""5 > 3 3 M)& * & Q0!!,;B * &')& JY(<<Z O5!A"Y(<<Z P) WY(<<Z (> 4"#%.$ > 3W) (_ ' ) ) 4,"" <) )_ ' W) * 3*& e5!5/A!"!$!0 L 3*& * NW 2 I!B!!%""5 ( 2 3 N * ) ) 4,"$!""5 <) ) * & 3 JW' YfZ `,;/.a5A"YfZ (' ) WYfZ Mm. masticatorii + !" #$%& Mm. masticatorii , !- (% & ( ; ! "#$ ! %& "' ()* M*) * 9,#!;5A ^ )*) * * c=!"/! * E'2 & c/5$B00 &2 ') ) * * *) () *) :/%" B!%!@!- !-!-".0! ^ ) * * *) *) 23 * ' * c $!"a5.a-"! 7* ' * & * c ! ,$0.a-"! 1 * W * 2 * g ) c !/5.a"#..=,-,50"!!$ EW * 2 * g ) * 2 * 2 b",=!=B 0!%$ \ 2 * 2 ) :!$! J * * 45$!%!@ 6* * W * 2 * g ) c !/5.a "#..=,-,50"!!$ EW * 2 * g ) W * 2 * c !/5.a"#..=,-, EW * 2 * S3'* )* c$0,! V3'* )* * 2 * * 2 b",=!=B =B5%%$ \ 2 * * 2 S3'* _* `!$0,! V3'* _* W * )' * c !/5.a,=!" EW * )' * S3'* )* c$0,! V3'* )* M)& * & Q0!!,;B * &')& W * 2 * c !/5.a "#..=,-, EW * 2 * 7* &* 2 5"!!!a05 D & 1 * & Q0!!,!A "!!0 * && 2 ) * C% D ) * 3 I!/0!;5 3 P* )) I!/-!"!/!%!!"$5 ) * ) & * )' * c ! ,$0.a,=!" 1 * )' * & * 2) * c ! ,$0.a5;..=,-, 1 * 2) * )*&* *& h",/5!@0.%5%!@$!$5/ L )*&* *& S3'* _* `!$0,! V3'* _* W * )' * c !/5.a,=!" EW * )' * * 2 * ') b",=!" 0"%$ \ 2 * ') * c$# R* 3 I!/0!;5 3 & * ) c ! ,$0.a "=!"!/0,!$ 1 * ) & * )' * c ! ,$0.a,=!" 1 * )' * 3 I!/0!;5 3 P W E) i$55 !"#!$ $50 7 W )W )'3 & * 2) * c ! ,$0.a5;..=,-, 1 * 2) * ) I!/-!"!/!% ) < = >$= * 2 * 2 b",=!" =,-%$ \ 2 * 2 . / Mm. faciei et Mm. masticatorii 0% (1 # !" #$%& +,- ./0 )1)2# 134 67 /- 8#2 * # ;< %9 " (:)* ) * I"/, N ) * ) * * :/%" 5$!%!@ ^ ) * * M*) * 9,#!;5A ^ )*) * ) * * *) () *) :/%" B!%!@!- !-!-".0! ^ ) * * *) *) 23 * 4"#, N * * 2 * 2 b",=!=B 0!%$ \ 2 * 2 & * c ! ,$0.a-"! 1 * * c=!"/! * ) * * *) () * :/%" B!%!@!- B!%!-".0! ^ ) * * *) * 23 * 2 * * 2 b",=!=B =B5%%$ \ 2 * * 2 W * 2 * g ) c !/5.a"#.. =,-,50"!!$ EW * 2 * g ) ) :!$! J * * [/, N * * W * 2 * c !/5.a "#..=,-, EW * 2 * ) I!,!$5$=!! L) S3'* )* c$0,! V3'* )* )*&* *& h",/5!@0.%5%!@ $!$5/ L )*&* *& * 2 * b",=!" \ 2 * ) ]=!! L) S3'* _* `!$0,! V3'* _* * 2 * b",=!" \ 2 * S j" 55/ 6 S & * 2) * c ! ,$0.a5;..=,-, 1 * 2) * ) I!/-!"!/!% ) & * )' * c ! ,$0.a,=!" 1 * )' * P W E) i$55 !"#!$ $50 7 W )W )'3 P * & i$5!0!!,!A;B * & * c$# R* 3 I!/0!;5 3 )) &* 5"!!A$!A P 33 <?< . 0% #$%& < ?@A 072 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles Ìûøöû ëèöà è æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Facial and masticatory muscles Fascia temporalis, Lamina profunda Âèñî÷íàÿ ôàñöèÿ, ãëóáîêàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Temporal fascia, deep layer Arcus zygomaticus Ñêóëîâàÿ äóãà Zygomatic arch M. epicranius, M. occipitofrontalis, Venter frontalis Íàä÷åðåïíàÿ ìûøöà, çàòûëî÷íî-ëîáíàÿ ìûøöà, ëîáíîå áðþøêî Epicranius, occipitofrontalis, frontal belly Articulatio temporomandibularis, Capsula articularis, Lig. laterale Âèñî÷íî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ñóñòàâ, ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Temporomandibular joint, joint capsule, lateral ligament Galea aponeurotica Ñóõîæèëüíûé øëåì Epicranial aponeurosis M. corrugator supercilii Ìûøöà, ñìîðùèâàþùàÿ áðîâü Corrugator supercilii Pericranium Íàäêîñòíèöà ÷åðåïà Pericranium M. orbicularis oculi, Pars palpebralis, Pars orbitalis Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ãëàçà, âåêîâàÿ è ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòè Orbicularis oculi, palpebral part, orbital part Fascia temporalis, Lamina superficialis Âèñî÷íàÿ ôàñöèÿ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Temporal fascia, superficial layer M. procerus Ìûøöà ãîðäåöîâ Procerus M. depressor supercilii Ìûøöà, îïóñêàþùàÿ áðîâü Depressor supercilii M. epicranius, M. temporoparietalis Íàä÷åðåïíàÿ ìûøöà, âèñî÷íî-òåìåííàÿ ìûøöà Epicranius, temporoparietalis Lig. palpebrale mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà âåêà Medial palpebral ligament M. levator labii superioris alaeque nasi Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíþþ ãóáó è êðûëî íîñà Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi M. epicranius, M. occipitofrontalis, Venter occipitalis Íàä÷åðåïíàÿ ìûøöà, çàòûëî÷íî-ëîáíàÿ ìûøöà, çàòûëî÷íîå áðþøêî Epicranius, occipitofrontalis, occipital belly M. nasalis Íîñîâàÿ ìûøöà Nasalis M. levator labii superioris Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíþþ ãóáó Levator labii superioris M. zygomaticus minor Ìàëàÿ ñêóëîâàÿ ìûøöà Zygomaticus minor Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland M. levator anguli oris Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ óãîë ðòà Levator anguli oris Glandula parotidea accessoria Äîáàâî÷íàÿ îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Accessory parotid gland M. orbicularis oris Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ðòà Orbicularis oris Ductus parotideus Îêîëîóøíîé ïðîòîê Parotid duct M. buccinator Ùå÷íàÿ ìûøöà Buccinator M. zygomaticus major Áîëüøàÿ ñêóëîâàÿ ìûøöà Zygomaticus major M. depressor labii inferioris Ìûøöà, îïóñêàþùàÿ íèæíþþ ãóáó Depressor labii inferioris M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid M. masseter Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà Masseter M. mentalis Ïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mentalis M. orbicularis oris Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ðòà Orbicularis oris Corpus adiposum buccae Æèðîâîå òåëî ùåêè Buccal fat pad M. risorius Ìûøöà ñìåõà Risorius M. depressor anguli oris Ìûøöà, îïóñêàþùàÿ óãîë ðòà Depressor anguli oris M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly Fascia cervicalis, Lamina superficialis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, investing layer Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland 122 T 1, T 4 120 206 Ðèñ. 121 Ìûøöû ëèöà è æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Mm. faciei et Mm. masticatorii Facial and masticatory muscles ./0 123 ,4,5& 467 :; "#20 ! <&5 - & 8 (= % +>,- Ìûøöû ëèöà è æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Facial and masticatory muscles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`<?/& a ;!*( ( (,> 6(A " U7&7/,-7$8/&/?& ( (,6(A "6 ; ,B(* (6 ( P9$1/,<./779$1 = ,6 ( !("" B" * (* J/&$7//$7/7/ \* (* "" )( * 5) ]^_ G.120H/7$]^_ B *()(]^_ 5N6"]^\\_ W.`<?/H/7$]^\\_ a6" "*()(]^\\_ "N ;( Y0-.`<?/ T "N ; M * O92//$&7$0 @ * ; ( * 6N * *A( 40G/0H/&$0&$%&0 \*A( * Ðèñ. 122 Ìûøöû ëèöà è æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Mm. faciei et Mm. masticatorii Facial and masticatory muscles 9 !"#$# %&' ()# %* +,- ! !"## $%&& M ( 6 " (; F$7./0?/$&7$0 ;;"( ( 6 " ( M Z "" J7$8/7?71&/$&7$0 Z "" ( M ( 6 " 6(A " ,V6 ( " W7$8/&/0?/$&7$0,&77//7& T6(A " ( 6 " (,6 ( "! * N M ( 6 " 6(A " ,VA* " W7$8/&/0?/$&7$0,9/7& T6(A " ( 6 " (,A* "! * N M ( 6 " 6(A " W7$8/&/0?/$&7$0 T6(A " ( 6 " ( M ! " F%</0?/$&7$0 C! " ( M " ;( Y070./$&7$0 T " ; ( M ( 6 "(6A*; ( * ( ( 6 ( W7$7./0<./%9070?/7$&7$00 M* ( *;6 ( ;((6 ( 6 " ( ( M " 6 ( d.//$&7$0 > ( " ( M 6 " ,V 6 "( d&?/$&7$0, <&?/77&0 ' 6 " (, 6 "! * N( M *)( A ( W-7$7?/$&7$00 L *)((A " ( M " 6 ( , V 6 " d.//$&7$0, <&?/7& > ( " (, 6 "! * N M (* *( (; F$7./7/0/%7/$&7$0 ;;"( (* *( " ( M *" c%$&7$0 M*" ( M *A ! " W.%</0?/$&7$0 \*A C! " ( M 6 " d&?/$&7$0 ' 6 " ( M6N(*6 " * #0/0./C/b9/$&7$0 T6N(*6 " *( ( V ;( F70./7& ;! * N M ")(" 6( 6 ( d./7$8/7$/$&7$0 > ( 6( ")(" ( V (* "( ; ;( S$.0/C1?0?/C70./7& T (* "( ; ;! * N M" ! " 6( J7$8/%9/$&7$0 T6( " ! "! * N M 6 " d&?/$&7$0 ' 6 " ( M6 " * ;( (*;(* 408.2/b9/$&7$0 =( (*; *6 " *( ( M6 " * (*;(* J8.2/b9/$&7$0 M (*; *6 " *( ( M! " Q7?/$&7$0 R " ( MA " e07$&7$0 I " ( M" ! " *A( 40G/%9/$&7$0 \*A( " ! "! * N M (Z (* 4$G///$&7$0 DZ (* " ; ( V (* " W.9$.?/7& (* "! * N MA " e07$&7$0 I " ( M" * " f<?/$&7$0 3 * " ( M! (* " W.-.9$.?/$&7$0 T! (* " ( M ")(" *A( 40G/7$/$&7$0 \*A( ")(" ( M N ;( 6( J7$8/20&0./$&7$0 T6( N ; ( M * (* J/&$7////$&7$0 \* (* " ; ( R A ; 0K$0//H$&7$00 @ ;! A * M * O92//$&7$0 @ * ; ( Ðèñ. 123 !" #$% # ! !# &' ./0 123 ,4,5& 467 :; "#20 ! <&5 - & 9 (= % +>,- ' "## (%&& >"(Z6 ( ;( #$0./7-7&7/07 > ( ;6"(Z B ( 6 " 6(A " W7$8/&/0?/7/ T6(A " ( 6 ")( * B; 6" A* " e9/.0-0?77/ I* "; 6" )( * B( 6 ( " g77//h0$/7/ > ( "( )( * B; 6" ( 6 " * ( W7$7./0?/.0-0?77/ M* ( ( 6 "; 6" )( * B; 6" ( 6 " 6 ( d./0?/ .0-0?77/ > ( ( 6 "; 6" )( * B6 N"( 4.97/ T6 N"( )( * B; 6" 6 " d&?/ .0-0?77/ ' 6 "; 6" )( * B* A* " 49/7/ 5 A* ")( * B *" c%7/ M*" )( * B( ;( F70./h0$/7/ ;( )( * B" ! " 6( J7$8/%9/7/ T6( " ! ")( * B 6 " d&?/7/ ' 6 ")( * B Z "" J7$8/7?71&/7/ Z "" )( * B () " 6A*; S97H/7/ =((6 () ")( * B6N *( S&?/7/ >N *( ")( * B" ! " *A( 40G/%9/7/ \*A( " ! ")( * B! (* " W.-.9$.?/7/ T! (* ")( * B( *; !" d/0G/7?71&/7/ V( *; !" )( * B" (Z (* 4$G/$7/7/ DZ (* "" )( * B **() N6" J7/,-$G.12-.`<?/H/7$ B(* *AN6" "*()( B N ;( 6( J7$8/20&0./7/ T6( N ;)( * BA " e077/ I ")( * B" * (* J/&$7//$7/7/ \* (* "" )( * (" ! ###! # ) *+, 9? 076 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå óçëû è ñîñóäû ãîëîâû è øåè Lymphatics of the head and the neck Nodi parotidei superficiales Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå îêîëîóøíûå óçëû Superficial parotid nodes Nodi occipitales Çàòûëî÷íûå óçëû Occipital nodes Nodus buccinatorius Ùå÷íûé óçåë Buccinator node Nodi mastoidei Ñîñöåâèäíûå óçëû Mastoid nodes Nodi faciales Ëèöåâûå óçëû Facial nodes Nodi cervicales profundi Ãëóáîêèå øåéíûå óçëû Deep cervical nodes Nodi submandibulares Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíûå óçëû Submandibular nodes Nodi cervicales laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå øåéíûå óçëû Lateral cervical nodes Nodi cervicales anteriores Ïåðåäíèå øåéíûå óçëû Anterior cervical nodes 261, 414 Ðèñ. 125 Ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå óçëû è ñîñóäû ãîëîâû è øåè (còðåëêàìè îáîçíà÷åíû çîíû ëèìôîîòòîêà) Nodi lymphoidei capitis et cervicis Lymph nodes and lymphatics of the head and the neck (arrows indicate drainage areas) Ìûøöû Muscles -./ 012 3+4+5% 467 89 !"1/ :%5 , % '; $ *<+, ! " $"% 8=+M>M N.K;,O@$1@F)1 8M>M 8= ! + 4,(K.$($K)(,1@F)1 ! + Q! R1@-1 S C! ! 45( 6 ! / E ! '112%E(A5( 3 /! E ! 8=C E< ! ! P5.1@F)1E ;,5. 6C E! " M 8= ! LF1@F)1A ! 8= / D)1E;,(F1.G1@;1 3 / > M!C 91A$ B > M!C ! / E !! '112%E (-(A5( 3 /! E! ! "+ ! ,;,5,$ "+ ! ! 0= ++ ! R5G1@1@1(@ T++! M 8= ! + 7,@@($1@F)1 ! + <=U C ! ! V@@@F1@1 W! !U C / ! 8= ! ! ,@@($1@F)1 ! ! Q! >M #((,1@-1 J>M C! 8= H I1;)((,1@F)1 J H >M #((, J>M ! / ! E !! ,(%EA5( 0! /! E ! <=" > > ? 11@;$A1@1 BC> " > >/ ! 0= "/ ? 11@;,.$($1@1(@ BC> "/! M <= "/ ? 11@;,.$($1@1 BC> "/!/ ! / 0$$ ' !"#$% "* ( $ !$+ = !"#" $%& & ' ( ) *+ $",-" B =HMC+ 7( XMC+ " !> B= + V($1@2 J + " !> = 91,(%% ! / S B =" #$( & " !> = Z<WW[ '()%Z<WW[ *! / Z<WW[ B=+ C! +!" Y11@2 8 C!+!" " !> B= \%1@2 T /" !> 1 2 34556 7&)&' !$,8$ > 9 1 :&'% "* ( $ '$*( *&)&' !$,8$ ; <= 2 = = > 3>6? @ $ "!$,!$# $$ &!!"( A$ '"%$# B"! ,$CB$%( 3 6? ; <= 2 = > ? @ $ ($$( "* ( $ "!$,!$# %)#$ &!!"( !"( A$ % "-! B"! ,$CB$%(? '(" $) *+, -./ 012 3+4+5% 467 89 !"1/ :%5 , % ? '; $ *<+, ./(0 (( )&0 12$" 2 $$",- $ = ! '5% * ! ! / = " ^1,A1($% K " ! / => >+ Z<c[ 41%Z<c[ :> >+! / Z<c[ Q!C! C +! I%($% J C +!C!C! = > ^1,5% > ! / =+? Z<b[ V$.%Z<b[ 8? M! / Z<b[ Q!C! L($% T MC!C! =+!" Z<a[ ^(-$.%Z<a[ 8!" ! / Z<a[ =! " ,A1($% W! K " ! / * + !! " ,A1($( W! K " + ! = + ! 45(%($% 6 + ! / = ! +U _2%`5% Q ! ! / = + dK($% 0 + ! / =" #$% & ! / =/ ! ^(-(%12@% W! / ! / =!C ]$% 3!C ! / =+M>M N.K;,O@$% / +M>M =+ ! ,5,$% 8 ! ! / Q!C! "+!" ,(-$.% "+!" C!C! G22 346 @,).$)!&' !$,8$ @A = +U _2%1$% Q ! / => >+ Z<c[ 41%Z<c[ :> >+! / Z<c[ =+? Z<b[ V$.%Z<b[ 8? M! / Z<b[ =+!" Z<a[ ^(-$.%Z<a[ 8!" ! / Z<a[ S ? / \%;( T / ? D=E 1E FB(&!$"B% )!!$,8&()"! "* ( $ $&# &!# ( $ !$+ 080 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ãîëîâû è øåè Vessels and nerves of the head and the neck M. epicranius, M. occipitofrontalis Íàä÷åðåïíàÿ ìûøöà, çàòûëî÷íî-ëîáíàÿ ìûøöà Epicranius, occipitofrontalis A. temporalis superficialis, R. parietalis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òåìåííàÿ âåòâü SuperficiaL temporal artery, parietal branch N. supraorbitalis (V1) Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V1) Supra-orbital nerve (V1) M. temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Temporalis M. orbicularis oculi Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ãëàçà Orbicularis oculi N. auriculotemporalis (V3) Óøíî-âèñî÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Auriculotemporal nerve (V3) A. temporalis superficialis, R. frontalis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ëîáíàÿ âåòâü Superficial temporal artery, frontal branch Rr. temporales (VII) Âèñî÷íûå âåòâè (VII) Temporal branches (VII) A. angularis Óãëîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Angular artery Rr. zygomatici (VII) Ñêóëîâûå âåòâè (VII) Zygomatic branches (VII) Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland Ductus parotideus Îêîëîóøíîé ïðîòîê Parotid duct R. buccalis (VII) Ùå÷íàÿ âåòâü (VII) Buccal branch (VII) N. occipitalis minor, (Plexus cervicalis) Ìàëûé çàòûëî÷íûé íåðâ, (Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå) Lesser occipital nerve, (Cervical plexus) M. masseter Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà Masseter M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae R. marginalis mandibularis (VII) Êðàåâàÿ âåòâü (VII) Marginal mandibular branch (VII) N. auricularis magnus, (Plexus cervicalis) Áîëüøîé óøíîé íåðâ, (Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå) Great auricular nerve, (Cervical plexus) V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma N. accessorius [XI] Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI] Accessory nerve [XI] M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius 132 254 Ðèñ. 131 Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå ñîñóäû è íåðâû ãîëîâû è øåè Vessels and nerves of the head and the neck -./012 3+4+5% 467 9: !1#/ ;%5 ,# % '< $ *=+, Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ãîëîâû è øåè Vessels and nerves of the head and the neck ! % & 1 ' 23_5 JL]"A !-823_5 % 7 ' 923_5 ' JL]"A ! % 7 ' & 1 2345 6.7 !-82345 92345 1 ( 23_5 JL#">-823_5 % ( 923_5 1 ' 23d5 L]"A !-823d5 : 7 ' 923d5 1 I O"$.8A-"!-8 ; 9 B D <23::5 =>"?.G" 23::5 B < D23::5 1 E"-8A-"!-8 * 9 1 2345 L#L!-82345 + 92345 + `))-./]"% 1 C O"$.8?.8 ; 9 3 b / c 9 1 PQ:R S#!-8PQ:R & 9PQ:R b / c & 23::5 F8$23::5 H 9 ' (23::5 3IC D J?@) KD IC 9 1 9 G!-8. 0 9 9 9 1 9 JL>"M! !-% 9 9 + < < a?L 7>"M! !7/ L)-./ % < < + T UG/ L)-./ 0 T 3 9 G!. 0 9 9 9 8 Ðèñ. 132 " # $ % %$ % $ &'($) * +$ ' * + +$ !, - ./ !"#! $%& '(! $) *+, !" !# $!" %&' 3 < [L ! + << 9 1T&C 23d5T&C [>?"823d5>?" !$ \&C 923d5T&C ' ( ! "#$ % & ' ( 1 2345 W"$-82345 + 92345 1 ' 23_5 JL]"A !-823_5""$$ % 7 ' 923_5 ' ( ! )$ % & ' ( 1T&C 23d5T&C [>?"823d5>?"" /$ \&C 923d5T&C ' ( ! % & ( JL#"> % ( & T&C ' [>?"]"A ! \&C 7 ' & 1 ' 23_5< JL]"A !-823_5)L "$$ % 7 ' 923_5< ' ( 1 6.7 !-8 9 1 ( 23_5 JL#">-823_5 % ( 923_5 1 23::5 fL 8?.823::5 B 923::5 1 ( 23_5 L#">-823_5 : ( 923_5 fL?. B & 1 I O"$.8A-"!-8 ; 9 f-"! ^ & 1( < 23_5 D L 8.!-823_5 ?@$ ( < 923_5 D 9 C 6]" C & 1 P3::R b /8P3::R c 9P3::R f-"! ^ & 1 ' 23d5 L]"A !-823d5 : 7 ' 923d5 ' X! Y & b / c & +' X!)-./ Y 1' 2345 X!-82345 Y 92345 + ' V?])-./ ^ ' 1 L#L!-8 + 9 1 9 2345 J @ 8"$"-82345 : 9 92345 9 J @"$" : 9 & + < < a?L 7>"M! !7/ L)-./ % < < 1 E"-8A-"!-8 * 9 + T UG/ L)-./ 0 T 3 < ' f @!"M < ' 9 & (& <23::5 F "GLeA-!$23::5 %& (& <' (23::5 ,? : < & D J?@ KD < & C gA-! * C & 3 < ' f @!"M < ' 9 < C 23::5 S?#M.$23::5 Z C ' (23::5 3 b / c 9 b / c & 3' LGL#L! %' 9 8 Ðèñ. 133 0' # $ % %$ % $ 1'2%%1 +$), %$), ($ 3$) * + ' * + +$ # - ./ -./012 3+4+5% 467 9: !1#/ ;%5 ,# % '< $ *=+, ( ) * +" !,! " , -.'// < [L ! + << & ! )$ % & ' ( 1 2345h W"$-82345h W"$ + 92345h + & < h 1 <2345 fL]"?#> ! h a"?#> 8 !-82345 B < &h Z 92345 T&C ' [>?"]"A ! \&C 7 ' & 9 G! " / 0 9 & + D J?@-8"?8GL KD < a"?#>?. Z & 1 D 2345 J?@]"?]GL2345 1 9 D 2345 19 CPQR O"?@LMN 8PQR?.$ 3 C 9PQR ' ( 1 2345 6.7 !-82345 92345 1 P3::R b /8P3::R c 9P3::R & < F "/ L %& < & fL?. B & & L## & & f-"! ^ & D ,!"M + D & & C < [L) ]"$ + << C & D J?@ KD < & + W"$)-./ + 1 C 2345 gA-!-82345 * C 92345 1& (& <2345 i"M7GLeA-!-82345 1 9 & (& <2345 ! % & ' LGL#L! %' & C < [L) ]"$ + << C & Z [?8L > -8> H <& b / c & + &C < b"$>-" L)-./ * &C < ' L]"A ! : 7 ' & 1 ' 23_5 JL]"A !-823_5""$$ % 7 ' 923_5 ' ( 1 ' 23_5< JL]"A !-823_5)L "$$ % 7 ' 923_5< ' ( ( JL#"> % ( & 1 ( 23_5 JL#">-823_5 % ( 923_5 C 6]" C & 1 ( 23_5 L#">-823_5 : ( 923_5 1( < 23_5 D L 8.!-823_5 ?@$ ( < 923_5 D 9 1 ' 23d5 L]"A !-823d5 : 7 ' 923d5 9 23d5 fL "$"- 23d5 B 9 ' (23d5 < 9 f?#- Z ' ( fL "$" "A?#- 9 & B < ' ( 1' 2345 X!-82345 Y 92345 ' X! Y & b / c & 1 2345 L#L!-82345 + 92345 L#L!$ + ' ( h1 9 2345 J @ "$"- 2345 : 9 & < 92345 + &C << EL "$>-" L)-./ +< &C < 8 0' $ # ' $ & %$) )*'$ 9/ # - ./ 8 + &C < b"$>-" L)-./ * &C H < D ,!"M + D & & fL?. B & f-"! ^ & 1 C gA-!-8 * C 9 9 J @"$" : 9 & 1 9 J @ 8"$"-8 : 9 9 D J?@ KD < & 60% > 3% 3% 4$$ () 5 *$35 $ // 6/ 6/. 7 ")) *$3$) $ ), A. meningea media, 0 $%$ &' *$3 () (5 $3)5 $ , A. alveolaris inferior. : 6/ 6/. 7, A. meningea media, ; -</6 // 7, A. alveolaris inferior. ")) *$3$) $ ), A. meningea media, $%$ ) $ () (5 $3)5 $ , A. alveolaris inferior. : 6/ 6/. 7, A. meningea media, ; 6 // 7, A. alveolaris inferior. ")) *$3$) $ ), A. meningea media, 0 $%$ $3 () (5 $3)5 $ , A. alveolaris inferior= : 6/ 6/. 7, A. meningea media, ; / // 7, A. alveolaris inferior. 084 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ëàòåðàëüíûå îáëàñòè ãîëîâû Lateral regions of the head A. meningea media Ñðåäíÿÿ ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Middle meningeal artery A. temporalis superficialis, R. parietalis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òåìåííàÿ âåòâü Superficial temporal artery, parietal branch N. auriculotemporalis (V3) Óøíî-âèñî÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Auriculotemporal nerve (V3) N. meatus acustici externi (V3) Íåðâ íàðóæíîãî ñëóõîâîãî ïðîõîäà (V3) Nerve to external acoustic meatus (V3) A. temporalis superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superficial temporal artery R. auricularis (X) Óøíàÿ âåòâü (X) Auricular branch (X) A. temporalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Middle temporal artery N. mandibularis [V3] Íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé íåðâ [V3] Mandibular nerve [V3] A. temporalis profunda posterior; Çàäíÿÿ ãëóáîêàÿ âèñî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior deep temporal artery N. temporalis profundus (V3) Ãëóáîêèé âèñî÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Deep temporal nerve (V3) N.; M. pterygoideus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûå êëèíîâèäíûå íåðâ è ìûøöà Lateral pterygoid nerve and muscle A. maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Maxillary artery A. sphenopalatina Êëèíîâèäíî-í¸áíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Sphenopalatine artery N. infraorbitalis (V2) Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V2) Infra-orbital nerve (V2) A. infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Infra-orbital artery A.; N. auricularis posterior (VII) Çàäíèå óøíûå àðòåðèÿ è íåðâ (VII) Posterior auricular artery and nerve (VII) N. auriculotemporalis (V3) Óøíî-âèñî÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Auriculotemporal nerve (V3) N. facialis [VII] Ëèöåâîé íåðâ [VII] Facial nerve [VII] R. digastricus (VII) Äâóáðþøíàÿ âåòâü (VII) Digastric branch (VII) A. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Occipital artery A. maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Maxillary artery Chorda tympani (VII) Áàðàáàííàÿ ñòðóíà (VII) Chorda tympani (VII) A. alveolaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ àëüâåîëÿðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior alveolar artery A. palatina ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ í¸áíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ascending palatine artery N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] N. supratrochlearis (V1) Íàäáëîêîâûé íåðâ (V1) Supratrochlear nerve (V1) Rr. alveolares superiores posteriores (V2) Çàäíèå âåðõíèå àëüâåîëÿðíûå âåòâè (V2) Posterior superior alveolar branches (V2) N. infratrochlearis (V1) Ïîäáëîêîâûé íåðâ (V1) Infratrochlear nerve (V1) A. angularis Óãëîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Angular artery N. infraorbitalis (V2) Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V2) Infra-orbital nerve (V2) N. massetericus (V3) Æåâàòåëüíûé íåðâ (V3) Masseteric nerve (V3) N. buccalis (V3) Ùå÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Buccal nerve (V3) A. buccalis Ùå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Buccal artery N. alveolaris inferior (V3) Íèæíèé àëüâåîëÿðíûé íåðâ (V3) Inferior alveolar nerve (V3) N. lingualis (V3) ßçû÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Lingual nerve (V3) Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible A. lingualis ßçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Lingual artery A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery Glandula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Sublingual gland N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] A. sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Sublingual artery Ansa cervicalis A. facialis Øåéíàÿ ïåòëÿ Ansa cervicalis Ëèöåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Facial artery A. submentalis Ïîäïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Submental artery N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] Ganglion submandibulare Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé óçåë Submandibular ganglion N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] N. mylohyoideus (V3) ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Nerve to mylohyoid (V3) Ðèñ. 136 Íàèáîëåå ãëóáîêèå àðòåðèè è íåðâû ãîëîâû; âñêðûòà ïîäâèñî÷íàÿ ÿìêà, óäàëåíû ïîëîâèíà íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè è ÷àñòü ïðàâîé ùåêè Arteries and nerves of the head; deepest lateral regions 134 256 138 6% 3% 4% 18% a b c d Ðèñ. 137 ad Âàðèàíòû õîäà âåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé àðòåðèè Variations in the course of the maxillary artery a Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, A. maxillaris, ïðîõîäèò ìåäèàëüíåå ëàòåðàëüíîé êðûëîâèäíîé ìûøöû, M. pterygoideus lateralis, ÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà, N. lingualis, è íèæíåãî àëüâåîëÿðíîãî íåðâà, N. alveolaris inferior. The maxillary artery, A. maxillaris, passes medially to the lateral pterygoid muscle, M. pterygoideus lateralis, the lingual nerve, N. lingualis, and the inferior alveolar nerve, N. alveolaris inferior. b Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, A. maxillaris, ïðîõîäèò ìåæäó ÿçû÷íûì íåðâîì, N. lingualis, è íèæíèì àëüâåîëÿðíûì íåðâîì, N. alveolaris inferior. The maxillary artery, A. maxillaris, passes between the lingual nerve, N. lingualis, and the inferior alveolar nerve, N. alveolaris inferior. c Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, A. maxillaris, ïðîõîäèò â ïåòëå, îáðàçîâàííîé íèæíèì àëüâåîëÿðíûì íåðâîì, N. alveolaris inferior. The maxillary artery, A. maxillaris, passes through a loop formed by the inferior alveolar nerve, N. alveolaris inferior. d Ñðåäíÿÿ ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, A. meningea media, íà÷èíàåòñÿ äèñòàëüíåå îòõîæäåíèÿ íèæíåé àëüâåîëÿðíîé àðòåðèè, A. alveolaris inferior. The middle meningeal artery, A. meningea media, branches off distal to the inferior alveolar artery, A. alveolaris inferior. Ìûøöû Muscles / 0 1 234 5-6-7'689 :; "#3% 1 ! <'7.%' )= &,>-. Ëàòåðàëüíûå îáëàñòè ãîëîâû Lateral regions of the head 3' %&% 56<' %&% ^"?E. 56<^".. %&% %;% 56< %&% &%2 &%'() (%* +(%& ,-./-$$-!..+0 1(%* &%'() &%2+(%& 3 )&%'() 56 -G$-!?E. 56 )&%'() %;% 56 5&%'() '% M.:$-! %&%'() ;% &%'() '% M.:$-!.. %&%'() &%2 3 )&%'() 56 -G$-!?E. 56 )&%'() %;% 56 5&%'() (%* ,-./-$$-! 1(%* &%'() ;% %& & %4&% .7 ?E$"7/--E9.-/-: d4&% ) & '%& 3 () &%) 5== >:E7-E. 5== @) &%) %;% 5== 3* A5==B CD-E.A5==B F %;%A5==B &%'() (%* ,-./-$$-!.. 1(%* &%'() &%2 () &%) >:7.. @) &%) &%2 '4 N./!"#$.. 4 2&%2 5'4 N./!"#$ 4 2;% )& %4&% .7 $-.. d4&% )&&%2 5%&)' > !"#$ %&)' ;% UH (%)' % b"-:-G !"#$$Ra 1(%)' H'%& 3< ;%) *%) "-".?... =*%) ;%) %;%&%2 )& &% N7.$-.. =&% )&&%2 )& %4&% .7 $-.. d4&% )&&%2 H TR?!.. UH &%2 ' ' % N E!"#$ ' )*' % &%'() (%* +*)& ,-./-$$-!..+"-J 1(%* &%'() &%2+*)& 5&%'() '% M.:$-! %&%'() ;% 3 ()& 5`+ &% :8"R!?E. 5`+"." 1(G)& %;% 5`+ &% 3 ()& 5`+'% :8"R!?E. 5`+0:" 1(G)& %;% 5`+'% 3 (&) % 5` :J"-a-?E. 5` 1(&) %%;% 5` H 8"-.. H &%2 3*&) % 5` ,-:J"-a-?E. 5` =*&) %%;% 5` ) I-.$"..-$ K) &%2 * CD.. F &%2 3*)& 5_ ,-:8"R!?E. 5_ =*G)& %;% 5_ @ %4 (&%2H)% b.?"-:-$9" @&%2H)( %4 5()** % c"7J-a"D K%%(* ;% 3 56 \!?E. 56 ] %;% 56 \!.. ] &%2 5* CD F ;% 3'%& 56 ,-:J-.-:-!?E. 56 %& %;% 56 @ %4 %& *%) 56 R7J-$9" 56 =*%)%& ( %4 56 3 H 56 TR?!?E. 56 UH %;% 56 5* CD F ;% 5%&)' > !"#$ %&)' ;% 5 '%& ,-:9-:J-.-:-! 1'%& ;% * CD.. F &%2 3'2 )2)% 56 ["#$-G9-:QR?!?E. 56 3%;%&)'2 )2) 56 > 78 78 78 8 1"$$"-$ %&' &" ("$ )* !+" +"%' '""," -%!" %- ".#)&$ ! "#$%# &'( ? "@ "#$%! " B-@B%C>,9% )* # &+,-. A #@ "#$%# -,8@<'%C>,9 ! "# L % -$-a-$ 3 )% O& H) &% C."?E/.V-$ U&% & H% O& H) 'f)+O '% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+ 0:"- a f) & H%+'% 3% -R:. 3% O& H) 'f)+O &% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+ "."- a f) & H%+ &% O& H) 'f)+ O &% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+ "."- a f) & H%+ &% O& H% % )% I-J-!?/.V-$ % )2 & H% O& H) %(& e.V9.8-.-:a-$ 1%(& & H% O& H) 'f)+ O '% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+ 0:"- a f) & H%+ '% O& H) %(& e.V9.8-.-:a-$ 1%(& & H% = ?@"-"!)& )* !+" &)$" b.?"--$ )*) % A B%$%- 2% !#-%."$ 1&*)&) C-J-G-$--E- F)&) &% 1&*)&)'4 C-J-G./!"#$-E- F)&)'4 2 &% 1& )'4 -$-./!"#$-E- 3 )'4 2 &% L % -$-a-$ 3 )% 4 +@) *)& N./!"#$+"-J?E-.-$-a 4 +*)& () % O& H% &% % C."?/.V-$ U&% & H% O& H) 'f)+O &% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+"."- a f) & H%+ &% O& H% % ')% g"?/.Va.?" ) & H% O& H) %(& e.V9.8-.-:a-$ 1%(& & H% = ?@"-"!)& )* !+" &)$" O& H) 'f)+O '% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+0:"- a f) & H%+'% / 0 1 234 5-6-7'689 :; "#3% 1 ! <'7.%' ) E!!%F = &>C'9%7. D )= &,>-. / 0 1 234 5-6-7'689 $ % & '! ( )*+ 1 *)& C-J9R7/ F)& U'%&F)' ) h!?9"$a-.$ O*)'( &%*)' 1 (%) b"-:9R7/ 1(%) L %&') %+U'(%(% h!a-$+9.9:a7".9"$a d&')+(%(% ( &% O& H) %(& e.V9.8-.-:a-$ 1%(& & H% O& H) %(& +@) () &%) e.V9.8-.-:a-$+R:E-.-$-a 1%(& & H%+() &%)() % O& H) 'f)+O '% % P-"-E/.Va.?"+0:"- a f) & H%+'% 5)'% M-a 5)'% 1( &%) ,.:-$--$ &%) (% F) (&%2H)% b.?"-:0a @&%2H)*) S' (&%2H)% b.?"-:?Ea.#!-a @&%2H)' F) ;<O ; hRD-0a<hRD-?Ea" = ;%*) <= ;% 1&( && ;% ,-9.!?EWJ?E- i ;% %( &% &% 1&;)'%)'4 M-a--G./!"#$-E- 5)'%)'4 2 &% 4 +@) ( & N./!"#$+WJ?E-.-$-a 4 +( &%() % B%$%- $",!34 1%(&' -$-9.8-.-:a 3 %(&' O) '% M.:-$-.a- % ) L %&') %+ U'(%(% h!a-$+ 9.9:a7".9"$a d&')+(%(% ( &% @ %4 ;%) ) % ,V.$-$9".a-? O;%) ( %4 )* ) O& H) %(& e.V9.8-.-:a-$ 1%(& & H% %& *%) E-$--E/-: =*%) '%& O) *%) -$-.a- =*%) ) 5)'% M-a 5)'% Z % % -$-? "R? 3 H 4 +@) ( & +O & N./!"#$+WJ?E-.-$-a+-$--E8.J 4 +( &%() % + % & C&*" #) &%$%- 2)&2+% 088 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nasal cavity N. olfactorius [Fila olfactoria] [I] Îáîíÿòåëüíûé íåðâ [Îáîíÿòåëüíûå íèòè] [I] Olfactory nerve [Olfactory nerves] [I] Bulbus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíàÿ ëóêîâèöà Olfactory bulb Tractus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíûé òðàêò Olfactory tract Sinus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ ïàçóõà Frontal sinus Sella turcica Òóðåöêîå ñåäëî Sella turcica Sinus sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíàÿ ïàçóõà Sphenoidal sinus Concha nasalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Middle nasal concha Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha Tonsilla pharyngea Ãëîòî÷íàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Pharyngeal tonsil Limen nasi Ïîðîã íîñà Limen nasi Vestibulum nasi Ïðåääâåðèå íîñà Nasal vestibule Torus tubarius Òðóáíûé âàëèê Torus tubarius Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae Ãëîòî÷íîå îòâåðñòèå ñëóõîâîé òðóáû Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube Recessus pharyngeus Ãëîòî÷íûé êàðìàí Pharyngeal recess Ðèñ. 144 Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñòåíêà ïîëîñòè íîñà Lateral wall of the nasal cavity Sinus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ ïàçóõà Frontal sinus Os frontale Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü Frontal bone Concha nasalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Superior nasal concha Cellulae ethmoidales posteriores Çàäíèå ðåøåò÷àòûå ÿ÷åéêè Posterior ethmoidal cells Concha nasalis media Ñðåäíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Middle nasal concha 5 Os nasale Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü Nasal bone 6 Sinus sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíàÿ ïàçóõà Sphenoidal sinus 3 Tonsilla pharyngea Ãëîòî÷íàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Pharyngeal tonsil (Cartilago nasi lateralis) (Ëàòåðàëüíûé õðÿù íîñà) (Lateral nasal cartilage) 1 Limen nasi Ïîðîã íîñà Limen nasi 4 2 Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] Ìÿãêîå í¸áî [Í¸áíàÿ çàíàâåñêà] Soft palate Vestibulum nasi Ïðåääâåðèå íîñà Nasal vestibule Palatum durum Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate 1 2 3 4 5 6 Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha N. nasopalatinus (V2) Íîñîí¸áíûé íåðâ (V2) Nasopalatine nerve (V2) Îòâåðñòèå ëîáíîé ïàçóõè. Opening of frontal sinus Îòâåðñòèå íîñîñëåçíîãî ïðîòîêà. Opening of nasal lacrimal duct Îòâåðñòèÿ ïåðåäíèõ ðåøåò÷àòûõ ÿ÷ååê. Openings of anterior ethmoidal cells Îòâåðñòèå âåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé ïàçóõè. Opening of maxillary sinus Îòâåðñòèÿ çàäíèõ ðåøåò÷àòûõ ÿ÷ååê. Openings of posterior ethmoidal cells Îòâåðñòèå êëèíîâèäíîé ïàçóõè. Opening of sphenoidal sinus Ðèñ. 145 Ïîëîñòü íîñà è îòâåðñòèÿ îêîëîíîñîâûõ ïàçóõ Cavitas nasi et Sinus paranasales Nasal cavity and openings of the paranasal sinuses Maxilla Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Maxilla Ìûøöû Muscles Cartilago alaris major, Crus laterale Áîëüøîé õðÿù êðûëà, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ íîæêà Major alar cartilage, lateral crus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` $ ` K#" !" N + 9 ! "#" a` 1` " 0() ! ]-.+ & < ^0() K#( " P + % ,& 7 " ! "#( D U H " F MU W++ & ; c !! D ` ` 1` >'0 " !" () ?,++ + & @))! " ! ''0 a` @ #" " P W , ; " ! ( #" K#" ( 3!! " Z. 2+ @ 3!! 4 "#" >'0 " !" P W++ + & ; " ! ''0 $ ` $_ ` b 6_ ` @ 3!! Z++ . 2< @ 3!! @ 3!! U H' ! #" Z++ . 2 > -.)) +/ 0 %&'(& ! !"#$ 123456 789$ 8" >?53 #$9 0 $ -;&)<))=& + $9 0 :@ -)=& + 0 123456 789$ 8" #$ % %$ &' ! " # ()* +, K#" !" N / 9 ! "#"" >!!#! 0() !" " B, -./ +.& d 0() ! '!!" K#( " P + % ,& 7 " ! "#( D F M D K## e4( ' N g& - 9e4( ' "## " e4( '#(U H' !" ?& + & = " " B < 7 " ! ' =4 >!!#! 0() !" "" \, -./ +.& H" 0() ! '!!" K#" ( 3!! " Z. 2+ @ 3!! 4 "#" d'#" e4( '#" ?& + ,% f4( ' '0 K#" ( 3!! " Z. 2+ @ 3!! 4 "#" H' ')4! " [/S & / & >)4! '"" @ "# " " Z & G ,/ K# D) #" H' ')#" Z./ & >) '"" K#" "0) !" L ,+ K0) ! "#" A# h/& I# / 0 1 < -'(#0 1-CD' !$'"& < ; ; BB 092 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Ïîëîñòü ðòà Oral cavity M. pterygoideus medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ êðûëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Medial pterygoid Hamulus pterygoideus Raphe pterygomandibularis Êðûëîâèäíûé êðþ÷îê Êðûëîíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé øîâ Pterygoid hamulus Pterygomandibular raphe Proc. pterygoideus, Lamina medialis Êðûëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Pterygoid process, medial plate Vibrissae Âîëîñû íîçäðåé Hairs of vestibule of nose Palatum durum Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate M. orbicularis oris Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ðòà Orbicularis oris M. tensor veli palatini Ìûøöà, íàïðÿãàþùàÿ í¸áíóþ çàíàâåñêó Tensor veli palatini M. levator veli palatini Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ í¸áíóþ çàíàâåñêó Levator veli palatini Tonsilla pharyngea Ãëîòî÷íàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Pharyngeal tonsil M. pterygoideus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ êðûëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Lateral pterygoid Lig. sphenomandibulare Êëèíîâèäíî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ñâÿçêà Sphenomandibular ligament Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible Proc. styloideus Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Styloid process M. styloglossus Øèëîÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Styloglossus Glandulae labiales Ãóáíûå æåëåçû Labial glands M. stylopharyngeus Øèëîãëîòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylopharyngeus M. buccinator Ùå÷íàÿ ìûøöà Buccinator Lig. stylohyoideum Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Stylohyoid ligament M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Lig. stylomandibulare Øèëîíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ñâÿçêà Stylomandibular ligament Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible M. stylohyoideus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid M. longus capitis Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Longus capitis M. digastricus Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà Digastric M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Corpus ossis hyoidei Òåëî ïîäúÿçû÷íîé êîñòè Body of hyoid bone Cornu minus Ìàëûé ðîã Lesser horn M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid Os hyoideum, Cornu majus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, áîëüøîé ðîã Hyoid bone, greater horn Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid Ðèñ. 151 Ïîëîñòü ðòà Cavitas oris Oral cavity Labium superius Âåðõíÿÿ ãóáà Upper lip Palatum durum Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate Dens incisivus I Ðåçåö I (ìåäèàëüíûé) Incisor tooth I (medial) Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] Ìÿãêîå í¸áî [Í¸áíàÿ çàíàâåñêà] Soft palate Arcus palatoglossus Í¸áíî-ÿçû÷íàÿ äóæêà Palatoglossal arch Tonsilla palatina Í¸áíàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Palatine tonsil Arcus palatopharyngeus Í¸áíî-ãëîòî÷íàÿ äóæêà Palatopharyngeal arch Uvula palatina Í¸áíûé ÿçû÷îê Uvula Dorsum linguae Ñïèíêà ÿçûêà Dorsum of tongue Labium inferius Íèæíÿÿ ãóáà Lower lip Ðèñ. 152 Ïîëîñòü ðòà Cavitas oris Oral cavity Ìûøöû Muscles 234 567 89:% 9# ?@ 64 $%: 1 % .<'*=**>' , % : 1 ; .*>' , 1 234 567 89:% 9# ;$<= ?- >< 6$$ ;<# OA, V#$ $ #a!!#N"6 <(#!#$ G-H-AP1FBN.CF1F, #a!!#N(#!#$(6 < 2 $ 6#(#!#$#% ## M-7C.C0 #(#!#$ $ 6 ;$(6% !#6 *A-,--9 "6% !#6$$ 2 $ 6#(#!#$#$6#=6# --C.C0 L6#=6(#!#$ $ 6 #a!!#N"6 <#!= !#6 G-H-AP1FBNAB0-ACF1F, #a!!#N#!= !#6(6 < ;$% !#6 ]AB7-,--9 !#6$$ ^ 6#%(#!#$ %%#W ]AB-.-F0-1F76#$6(#!#$3 6#% 2 !< (#!#$ %#W 6 ]AB. 6#$6(#!#$6 = ^ 6#%#(#!#$#% 6# *A-.-F0-1F7 46(#!#$3 6#%# U(#!#$ %N"6 <( 6#% #! /.,1FBN77ABCF1F, "#!#$5 N( 6#% #!(6 < U(#!#$ %N4#%# 6_ $#! /.,1FBN+7FABA1F7, "#!#$5 N 6_ $#!(!#$ V ## ` V ## ( . *4 Arcus dentalis maxillaris et Palatum osseum ! = #&" #& "#$9"> & ^ 6#%%# 5 !# bF0-1F7-78-C-AP1F7 # 5 !#63 6#% distalis äèñòàëüíûé distal oralis * ðîòîâîé * oral * ;% !#6>>>&26 $ ) eCABC,-C9&f991F7) e6 % !#6$ $ &g %$ $ ) vestibularis âåñòèáóëÿðíûé vestibular mesialis ìåçèàëüíûé mesial ;% !#6>> dCABC,-C9 d % !#6$ $ L <#% < # 6N =# MA771FA,FN-1 < %%56# 3% $ N=# ;% !#6> cCABC,-C9 c$% !#6$ $ ;(6% !#6>> dCAC,-C9 d (6% !#6$ $ ;(6% !#6> cCAC,-C9 c$(6% !#6$ $ ;<# OA, V#$ $ ;<= >> ?-->>@AF-ABCD >< 6$ $ >>@!#$6#!D ^ 6#%%$#! -F0-1F7$#!3 6#% ;<= > ?-->@-7ABCD >< 6$ $ >@% #!D Arcus dentalis mandibularis ! "#$% #&" #& ' () *+),-. +/ ,010, ++ + /--012, .03/4-0156"7&8 "#$&9 : :"9"89%:;7"<% 2 "#"7&8 = ::"9"89%:;7> 5 A *+* ,"%- ./** ,0 1 !"#$% !"! #$ % && ## # j#%! % kAB j#%! V 6 # $ O,9 V6 : V 6 #<!<# OA77-1,,, V!<#!<6 : ;$ % \-F7 ;$ V#=$#< 6 #l" !(#< 6 #! A1FB,,7l9AB,,7 " !(<#=$ 3<6 :lV6 :( !( V6=a $ T-C,9 h<i #6 =#! \-1-0C,C =#!%#6 V#=$# $l" !(# $ A1FB9l9AB9 " !(<#=$ l;$#!( !( V%$ % m--F V%$ S# a $ O-B9 S $ S# a<!<# OA77-1,7C,-B V!<#!6 $ "6 $ %&;% -7F "6 $ % $ %) V##!6# < $l" !(#6# < !#6 OA,9l9AB, S $<##!lS $( !( ^ 6#%#(< $ bF0-1F7-0-H9,79 E(<#!3 6#% E(a6# < $ G-H9,,9 S $#(a ?@ 6":9 997 ^#<=$5 !#6 G-1F79A0-H1FB '$5 !#6 63#< V ( $ b1F7-9 V ( V ( $ b1F7-9 V ( E(a< ( G-H9,1F7 E(a 3< ( ^#< $#!l@^#<< $#<$ D \71FAB0-H1FBl @OF,F0-H1FBD ;$#! 63#<l@V 6$#<$ 63#<D V ( $ b1F7-9 V ( ^#<%#!l @^#<< $#<$ D *-7AB0-H1FBl @OF,F0-H1FBD #! 63#<l@V $#<$ 63#<D V ( $ b1F7-9 V ( -00 *-* A& 8 "&"9;& ""&997 B-0, 0 C0* 0 D&#%9%: :&9"#89 997 ^#<! #! n 0-H1FB 4 #! 63#< L 56< ! % $ ]9+,9 L 56<! -0, .0) ,-0C0 * 0 A& 8 "&" %>>& E :89 997 &'()' !" 234 567 89:% 9# ?@ 64 $%: 1 % .<'*=**>' , % : 1 B .*>' , 1 234 567 89:% 9# '(!) &*&%$ ;$<= ?- >< 6$$ ;<# OA, V#$ $ ;% !#6> cCABC ,-C9 c$% !#6$ $ ;% !#6>> dCABC ,-C9 d % !#6$ $ ;$<= ?- >< 6$$ ;<# OA, V#$ $ ;% !#6> cCABC ,-C9 c$% !#6$ $ ;% !#6>> dCABC ,-C9 d % !#6$ $ (6 6 0-H7 (6 6 36 6 78736 6 B--2 FG * H, ) , D&#%9%:&&72 9E FG& G9#7#H&:$% &; 0-H-AP1FB %#a!!# 0A07 9C9+7 6 $ 55 54 53 52 51 61 62 63 64 65 85 84 83 82 81 71 72 73 74 75 A-0A07 9C9+7 !3$ 78-AP1FB %# 5! ;<= >> ;<# ?-->>@AF-ABCD OA, >< 6$ $ >>@!#$6#!D V#$ $ ;% !#6> cCABC ,-C9 c$% !#6$ $ ;% !#6>> dCABC ,-C9 d % !#6$ $ ;<= >> ;<# ?-->>@AF-ABCD OA, >< 6$ $ >>@!#$6#!D V#$ $ ;% !#6> cCABC ,-C9 c$% !#6$ $ ;% !#6>> dCABC ,-C9 d % !#6$ $ 36 6 78736 6 B--2 2IG * H, .0 3, ) , 0 -203,* D&#%9%:&&72 2 9E IG& G9#7#H9> 9;&;&#E 98&:$% H$998 9;&;&#9$J%&E 98 "E& 9 096 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Çóáû Teeth 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Ðèñ. 161 Ïîñòîÿííûå çóáû, Dentes permanentes; âèä ñî ñòîðîíû ïîëîñòè ðòà (ñì. ñ. 97 äëÿ ðàñïîçíàâàíèÿ çóáîâ ïî íîìåðàì) Permanent teeth, Dentes permanentes; oral view (see p. 97 for identification of the numbers) âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü maxilla ïðàâàÿ ïîëîâèíà çóáíîé äóãè right 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 ëåâàÿ ïîëîâèíà çóáíîé äóãè left íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü mandible Çóáíàÿ ôîðìóëà âçðîñëîãî Adult dentition 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Ðèñ. 162 Ïîñòîÿííûå çóáû, Dentes permanentes; âèä ñî ñòîðîíû äèñòàëüíûõ ïîâåðõíîñòåé (cì. ñ. 97 äëÿ ðàñïîçíàâàíèÿ çóáîâ ïî íîìåðàì) Permanent teeth, Dentes permanentes; distal view (see p. 97 for identification of the numbers) 1 Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity ;< = > ? @/ ?-+ D $= ./@ / ( 8B14C441 6 * /+@ ( A 841 6 ) ( ;< = > ? @/ ?-+ Çóáû Teeth Dentes permanentes 2 3 !""# ##$ Dentes permanentes '*#(0/&! '() 2 0*-1-21341567 859: $;#<65-21=&)==)(59*.< 0*-1-213415567 8559 ;#<65-21=&)==)(559)*&< 0*-12--416>;?6@--*)==)( 0*-1A&*=&156 B#:;#? # !"6 B1)A&*=&)==)( 0*-1A&*=&1556B#:;#? # !"6B-.A&*=&)==)( 0*-1=&156 B#"C#? # !"6 B1)=&)==)( 0*-1=&1556B#"C#? # !"6B-.=&)==)( 0*-1=&1555DE*&=)-41F6B#"C#? # !"DG!":!$ F6B&.=&)==)(DH1.=)==)(F Dentes permanentes 12 2 3 !""# ##$ Dentes permanentes *(!& '() E #45$%$4 6/7 ) !"#$% ' ( "' ( ) *+ Çóáû, ðàçâèòèå Teeth, development JLK J K JIK J K IJIK 4 2 5 61 Maxilla 5 Dentes decidui 7 8 9 : 7 11 :!;(&&! Maxilla )(#$ -.(-/%/* ##$ Dentes decidui !"- #$ ,(*# + !""# #%%#$ &,# 7 -(!" #( %, /+#(%" (" %"#$* : (<$# 7 %- %, /+#(%" JM JLM LJ M LJ M IJ M JM J M JIM 4 2 5 61 Maxilla . Dentes permanentes 7 8 = > 7 11 :!;(&&! Maxilla )(#$ + !""# ##$ Dentes permanentes &,# 7 -(!" #( %, /+#(%" (" ?!* > (<$# 7 %- %, /+#(%" 8944$ 6: 01231 ,() ( &$"#$%$ , -"./ ) *+ ;< = > ? @/ ?-+ D $= ./@ / ( 8B14C441 6 * /+@ ( 841 6 ) ( ;< = > ? @/ ?-+ Çóáû, ðàçâèòèå Teeth, development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Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Çóáû, ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ Teeth, radiography Arcus zygomaticus Ñêóëîâàÿ äóãà Zygomatic arch Canalis infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êàíàë Infra-orbital canal Palatum durum Òâåðäîå í¸áî Hard palate Septum nasi Íîñîâàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Nasal septum Orbita Ãëàçíèöà Orbit Tuberculum articulare Ñóñòàâíîé áóãîðîê Articular tubercle Meatus acusticus externus Íàðóæíûé ñëóõîâîé ïðîõîä External acoustic meatus Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Proc. condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé îòðîñòîê Condylar process Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] Ìÿãêîå í¸áî [Í¸áíàÿ çàíàâåñêà] Soft palate Dens molaris II 2-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd molar tooth Canalis mandibulae Êàíàë íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Mandibular canal Dens caninus Êëûê Canine tooth Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Foramen mentale Ïîäáîðîäî÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Mental foramen Dens incisivus II Ðåçåö II (ëàòåðàëüíûé) Incisor tooth II (lateral) Dens incisivus I Ðåçåö I (ìåäèàëüíûé) Incisor tooth I (medial) Dens premolaris I 1-é ìàëûé êîðåííîé çóá 1-st premolar tooth Dens premolaris II 2-é ìàëûé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd premolar tooth Ðèñ. 169 Âåðõíÿÿ è íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòè, Maxilla et Mandibula; ïàíîðàìíàÿ ðåíòãåíîãðàììà; çóáû ìóäðîñòè îòñóòñòâóþò Maxilla and mandible, Maxilla et Mandibula; panoramic radiograph; without wisdom teeth Dens molaris I 1-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 1-st molar tooth Ìûøöû Muscles 123456 789$ 8" AB53 #$9 0 $ ->&)?))@& + $9 0 -)@& + 0 123456 789$ 8" ! "##$#% I,AA 3 MNPO %&'0MNPO #AA 3 TMNPO I 4 MNFO 56.&780MNFO : 4 ; TMNFO I > MNO 0(./0MNO B > TMNO [ > , > 0(./09'& B > > > , I T, , 56(&G&// , T, T I $ MNZO (C.&780MNZO : $ TMNZO I + ,$ -&'(./0 1 + 2,$ T I > X'/./0 Y > T I T, + , (C(0&G&/0 1 + , T, T I -!./0 : T 4 + , (C'9!&8( 1 + , 4 1 1 N. maxillaris2345 &.N. mandibullaris2365 !!)7"#$"# %/!!)"&)8&0 A ; >,; ] 4 ; A 3 MI, ,+ O ?(R8(.(0HM%&9!(0R(8/0O ; A 3,,ME, TO :I ,; J/H)^7K!!979 B ,; I, ,V1_W J&/0R(8/0V1_W Y , TV1_W ] 4 ; A 3 MI, d,O -(R8(.(0HM`&GH0R(8/0O ; A 3,,M[ , TO I [ > , > 3 -RC98./0 c'&&) 1 T [ 3 > > , B$ T ?&9689! 3$M< ,;$O I+ 3 MN11O b()0MN11O S 3 TMN11O I > MNO 0(./0MNO B > TMNO [ > , > 0(./09'& B > > > , ] 4,, e(8&G/0H :,,,, I $ MNZO (C.&780MNZO : $ TMNZO I,AA 3 MNPO %&'0MNPO #AA 3 TMNPO :;<=:;: I 4 MNFO 56.&780MNFO : 4 ; TMNFO I, 3 M11O \(8&G/0M11O # 3 TM11O ] 4 , M]I> > , O f98(8&G/0H Mc'&/8(O ,;,,M[ > , 3$ 3A O I + ,$ VNFW -&'(./0VNFW 1 + 2,$ TVNFW ]I T, , ,VNFW -6 &G&8GVNFW < , , T, $ 3AVNFW * , ?)(/.0( : , 3 4 56.&78'96 : 4 ; * T ; `!&8G B; 33 T ; I + ,$ VNFW -&'(./0VNFW 1 + 2,$ TVNFW I; 3 V1_W `!/0V1_W B; 3 TV1_W S, ;, , a(&)(88( ;, , +, IT > M_O `&9C7K(0M_O N > TM_O I>, ,A ; > M1_O X'/&8./0M1_O [, ,A ; > TM1_O I3 , 3 598(0/0 1 3 , T <I3 , 5988( 1 3 , ; ]I T, , , VNFW^ 4 , -(6(&G&/ 8(VNFW^6'9!&8( < , , T, $ 3A VNFW^ , 4 I3 ;>, /&(& T,+;>, 3 [ > , ;>, Q/& !/09'& ;>, > > , ]I T, , , , VNFW \(6(&G&/8(VNFW , , , T, $ 3A VNFW ]I T, , VNFW ?(6(&G&/8(VNFW : , T, $ 3A VNFW ]I T, , VNFW ?6&G&8GVNFW : , T, $ 3AVNFW 9 :1 Ganglion pterygopalatinum ;.&)7+('!. "&+"+! (" C )*) +!$, -.)) +/ 0 !"#$ &' () E 3 T 11 U')11V&8&G/0W 1 3 ,,,A11V W E 3 T 1 U')1VR(&G/0W 1 3 ,,,A1V W E 3 Q&/ * ,,A E , 1 P20R&/00'9! P2 , ,,A E , 11 F20R&/00'9! F2 , ,,A E , 1 P20!&GH00'9! P2 , ,,A 3 T U')/0. 1 3 T 3 T -./ !/&( B T +, ! " E , 11 F20!&GH00'9! F2 , ,,A ] A a ! A E , 111M, O Z20!&GH00'9!M\9!R98(O Z2, ,,AMh ,,,AO , MN O J ! M !'O ,+ ]I T, , , -(6(&G&/8( < , , T, $ 3A <3 ,>, !2'/.9C ,>, 3A I , !/0 , T <3 ,A ; > !2&8.9C ,A ; > 3A ]I T, , , , \(6(&G&/8( , , , T, $ 3A gT !/0'/. gT ! " < =: >)#"#0(?.'!.& "?&) ()8 &- I !// T E A C : 1 F@= = 1 C G&"0 %!& ""&)8. ("(?.,&'!.& "#$ !!FD8&)!'' "+)&0(? ""&)8. (")& "# *.&# %7.)"0 . ("(?*(!(/)0 ,MN O J !M !'O ,+ gT !/0'/. gT S, d `&GH !88( [ +, " ;>, Q/&(/07. ;>, A " ;>, Q/&(/07. ;>, A :I3, 3,A ; > ,^ >, ,A ; > 56(08(8&8(^'/&8..8G ,3, 3,^>, ,A ; > :IT J/H)'/. : 3 T :I$33 , i.R/H) j33 , <3 ,A ; > !2&8.9C ,A ; > 3A ] A;>, $ Q/&(C.&780H ;>, $ A <3 ,>, !2'/.9C ,>, 3A B, !R(&( , 1 A + 3 -H' 1 A ,++ 3 E, > ?('/ E, ,+, > :I ,>, !2'/.R/H) ,>, I > VNZW X'/./0VNZW Y > TVNZW :I ,A ; > !2&8.R/H) ,A ; > 7 < :I3, 3,A ; > ,^ >, ,A ; > 56(08(8&8(^ '/&8..8G ,3, 3,^>, ,A ; > @ A BC=: D)!*8 .7"#$/0*!&0(?.,&'!.& %&'(& ! 123456 789$ 8" AB53 #$9 0 $ ->&)?))@& + $9 0 < -)@& + 0 123456 789$ 8" *!+ #, 3 >, , >, 3 *('/.28& : >, ,2 >, 3+, B, > l*; , X'/.R(&(lQ(8/R(&(/ Y > , lB, 3; S, 3 3 > ?&88('/ S, 3 3,+, > 3 > -(.!''/ B 3 ,+, > D >, 8( D >, 3 >, , >, 3 `'/.28& Y >, ,2 >, 3+, ] 4 > QG'/ ],,,+, > :I ,A ; > !2&8.R/H) ,A ; > B, !R(&( , S, , ^*; , XR.(((8/R(&(/ B, 3; :I ,>, !2'/.R/H) ,>, V 3 > W V9&G&W VB > +,W <3 ,>, !2'/.9C ,>, 3A E, > ^ , , ?('/^'.8G E, ,+, >^, , T k&!(/.( N V 3, 3 W VQ9(/.(W V*, , W +, b(8(/.( S, E, > ^ , ?('/^.8G E, ,+, >^ , : >, > Q0'/ : > ,+, > + > +, %(!(/.( S > +, + +, (8(/.( S +, IT > M_O `&9C7K(0M_O N > TM_O *, > &'/ j,;,+, > 3 > ?(!''/ : >,,T,+, > <4 > 569H'/ <4,+, > H= I("+/& I>, ,A ; > M1_O X'/&8./0M1_O [, ,A ; > TM1_O %GIj Q(&I, ?&I ; I > VNZWl*A, ; VN11W X'/./0VNZWl`!89VN11W Y > TVNZWl*A, ; VN11W ?&Im E A C 1 = = J = = K""&)8. (""#.0.&*.&+() &0..,&#()0/$(?.,&.("+/& : 4 56.&78G : 4 * T , , ?!8&8G8 # 3 T ;, <3 ,>, !2'/.9C ,>, 3A ,MN O J !M !'O ,+ Y $ 569! g N $, -(8 # T $ S, , R(&(R , +, E, > ?('/ E, ,+, > 3 >,A ; > 9!2&8.& >,A ; > +, Y $ + (C9! Y,m B, !R(&( , N $, -(8 # T $ <3 ,A ; > !2&8.9C ,A ; > 3A +, b(8(/0. S, T k&!(/.( N B, > X'/.R(&( Y > , S, 3 3 > ?&88('/ S, 3 3,+, > @ A D)!*8 .7 104 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ìûøöû ÿçûêà Muscles of the tongue M. longitudinalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ìûøöà Superior longitudinal muscle Aponeurosis linguae Àïîíåâðîç ÿçûêà Lingual aponeurosis M. transversus linguae Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ìûøöà ÿçûêà Transverse muscle Tunica mucosa linguae Ñëèçèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà ÿçûêà Mucous membrane of tongue Septum linguae Ïåðåãîðîäêà ÿçûêà Lingual septum Foramen caecum linguae Ñëåïîå îòâåðñòèå ÿçûêà Foramen caecum of tongue Labium inferius Íèæíÿÿ ãóáà Lower lip Radix linguae Êîðåíü ÿçûêà Root of tongue Vestibulum oris Ïðåääâåðèå ðòà Oral vestibule Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible Cartilago epiglottica Íàäãîðòàííûé õðÿù Epiglottic cartilage M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Aditus laryngis Âõîä â ãîðòàíü Laryngeal inlet M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Ventriculus laryngis Æåëóäî÷åê ãîðòàíè Laryngeal ventricle Ðèñ. 178 ßçûê è åãî ìûøöû, Lingua et Mm. linguae; ñðåäèííûé cðåç Tongue and muscles of the tongue, Lingua et Mm. linguae; median section T 2a Septum linguae Ïåðåãîðîäêà ÿçûêà Lingual septum Aponeurosis linguae Àïîíåâðîç ÿçûêà Lingual aponeurosis M. transversus linguae Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ìûøöà ÿçûêà Transverse muscle Plica fimbriata Áàõðîì÷àòàÿ ñêëàäêà Fimbriated fold Glandula lingualis ßçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Lingual gland Frenulum linguae Óçäå÷êà ÿçûêà Frenulum of tongue Facies inferior linguae Íèæíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü ÿçûêà Inferior surface of tongue Ðèñ. 179 ßçûê è åãî ìûøöû, Lingua et Mm. linguae; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå âåðõóøêè ÿçûêà Tongue and muscles of the tongue, Lingua et Mm. linguae; crosssection through the tip of the tongue T 2a M. verticalis linguae Âåðòèêàëüíàÿ ìûøöà ÿçûêà Vertical muscle M. longitudinalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ìûøöà Superior longitudinal muscle M. transversus linguae Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ìûøöà ÿçûêà Transverse muscle Septum linguae Ïåðåãîðîäêà ÿçûêà Lingual septum M. longitudinalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ìûøöà Inferior longitudinal muscle M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus T 2a Ðèñ. 180 ßçûê è åãî ìûøöû, Lingua et Mm. linguae; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå ñðåäíåé ÷àñòè ÿçûêà Tongue and muscles of the tongue, Lingua et Mm. linguae; cross-section at the level of the middle of the tongue Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity 456 789 :;' :%" BC 86 &'; 3 ' 0?),@,,A) . '"; 3 < 0,A) . ! 3 456 789 :;' :%" !"# !$% &'()*+)(,+"+) -,+'(). 5( Z P*47$ F A( 5( W*7$ & A( 5( W*7$ & A( 5(# ( A<(1 X*%E7-+. Y(1<(/A<(1I( 5(# ( A<(1 X*%E7-+. Y(1<(/A<(1I( 1 2 3 45-#6! ")!+-+.-!9 5( Z P*47$ F A( 1 2 3 45-#6! O(! < (1 [.*,.%7+-+ "< (1#(! O(! (1 )-,.%7+-+ (1#(! & < (A<(1 [.*%E-, "< (A<(1 < (A<(1 G*H-+D%E < (A<(1 1 ! T> #( ( U,@CHT%CH V !T#( (I < (A<(1 %C%D%E F (A<(1 1 ! T> ( U,@CHT%CH V !T (I < A<(A<(1 B.+%E A<(A<(1 J A<(1 %E-+4 S<(1I( ( (A<(1 T> # ( \+D%ET,8CH J (A<(1T # (I < (A<(1 ^@%.D%E " (A<(1 5( N ]CN 0IN (A<(1 ^@%.D9.+,.% " (A<(1 ( (A<(1 T> / ( \+D%ET.KCH J (A<(1T/ (I < "!# \+ "!# 5 ! 3*H. 5 ! 7 2 8 %& '"+% %0!%-()*!*5-#6! => D ,-, .$'/ 01,, .2 !3 !" ()*+) #$ #$!%&' !" / !$% 0 -,+'(). `0#A < (A<(1 a `G*H-+D%E7,a `< (A<(1#A a O( I %C%7,-+@ #( I ! ; ( 1 ( NNN b@C*4,*cD$C*4$$@C ((A (!d /(cD1 ( ((A '( %C%+,-+. /( 1 ! U,@CH V ! I ! %C%7C@$ I ! > ( %CH ; (I < & < (A<(1 [.*%E-, "< (A<(1 > #( ( b%CH O( (I < < (A<(1 [.*%E "< (A<(1 1 ! T`; 1 a U,@CHT`+*-@8K.*.a V !T`; /( 1(a J A<(1 T5( Z %E-+4TC*47$ S<(1I( T A( = 1 ! T` 1( 1 a U,@CHT`K@+-@8K.*.a V !T`N 1 1(a J A<(1 T5(# %E-+4T+* S<(1I( TI(1< :;<=3 2 8"#-6'!"#% 0+"*5-#$ %&'!% "# # ( =8%C%-+4 " # ( # ( ( %C%D F ( ( < (A<(1 G*H-+D%E < (A<(1 (A<(1 %C%D%E F (A<(1 J A<(1 T5( %E-+4T*7$ S<(1I( T A( '( 1I _+,-+..K7*H-+. 1I /( 0 1I =+,4.K7*H-+. 0 (/ 1I J A<(1 T5( Z %E-+4TC*47$ S<(1I( T A( J A<(1 T5(# %E-+4T+* S<(1I( TI(1< = :;<=3 2 2 8"#-6'! 3 % 0+"*5-#$ %&'!%"#*5-#6! 456 789 :;' :%" BC 86 &'; 3 ' 0?),@,,A) . '"; 3 E 0,A) . ! 3 456 789 :;' :%" Ìûøöû ÿçûêà Muscles of the tongue 5(# X* Y(1<(/( V( 5. V( (/( O# /( \.-+,.%--. '( ## O# ?*C,.%7-- > ## # ( ( 6eCD O ( ( < ( ( [.* "< ( ( ! !( ( )*..-+C*+ !( I (/ ( A ;# 2 =8@ ;# 2(/( < (#A< [.*$*+ "< (#A< 1I 6.K*H-+4 1I 012 34 0(((/( ( 1 / ( 6.K%*4 N/ ( ( 1 ! ( ( %C%D F ( ( (A<(1 %C%D%E F (A<(1 A<( ( %ED S<( ( J A<(1 T5(# %E-+4T+* S<(1I( TI(1< IA<(A<(1 B.+%EC A<(A<(1 I !( !(#A< 1 )%.7-+.+$*+. 11 !( !( J A<(1 T5( Z %E-+4TC*47$ S<(1I( T A( A<(A<(1 B.+%E A<(A<(1 Lingua et Mm. linguae !"#$ %&'!%()*!) ! ! !( ( )*..-+C*+ !( I (/ ( A A<( ( %ED S<( ( F # ( ( 6eCD O ( ( < ( ( [.* "< ( ( < (#A< [.*$*+ "< (#A< ( 1 / ( 6.K%*4 N/ ( ( 1 ! !( !(#A< # (TO ( (#A< =8.7-+.+$*+.T$*+-+4 " # (!( !(T ( (#A< # 1I 6.K*H-+4 1I !( !(#A< 1 TO ! (#A< )%.7-+.+$*+.TK,D$*+-+4 11 !( !(T! (#A< # (A<(1 %C%D%E F (A<(1 !( !(#A< 1 TO !A(1(#A< )%.7-+.+$*+.T89$*+-+4 11 !( !(T!A(1(#A< # ( ( %C%D F ( ( (A<(1 %C%D%E F (A<(1 !A(1( ( f9 5A(1( ( A<( ( %ED S<( ( J A<(1 T5( %E-+4T*7$ S<(1I( T A( Lingua et Mm. linguae !"#$ %&'!%()*!) ! F 108 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Ìûøöû ÿçûêà è ãëîòêè Muscles of the tongue and the pharynx Frenulum linguae Óçäå÷êà ÿçûêà Frenulum of tongue Apex linguae Âåðõóøêà ÿçûêà Apex of tongue Facies inferior linguae, Plica fimbriata Íèæíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü ÿçûêà, áàõðîì÷àòàÿ ñêëàäêà Inferior surface of tongue, fimbriated fold Tunica mucosa oris Ñëèçèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà ðòà Mucous membrane of mouth M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Septum linguae Ïåðåãîðîäêà ÿçûêà Lingual septum M. longitudinalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ìûøöà Inferior longitudinal muscle M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus M. palatoglossus Í¸áíî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Palatoglossus M. constrictor pharyngis superior, Pars glossopharyngea Âåðõíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, ÿçûêîãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Superior constrictor, glossopharyngeal part M. styloglossus Øèëîÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Styloglossus M. chondroglossus Õðÿùåÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Chondroglossus M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus M. constrictor pharyngis medius, Pars chondropharyngea Ñðåäíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, õðÿùåãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Middle constrictor, chondropharyngeal part Os hyoideum, Cornu majus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, áîëüøîé ðîã Hyoid bone, greater horn M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus T 2b M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Ðèñ. 188 Ìûøöû ÿçûêà Mm. linguae Muscles of the tongue M. styloglossus Øèëîÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Styloglossus Papillae foliatae Ëèñòîâèäíûå ñîñî÷êè Foliate papillae Tunica mucosa oris Ñëèçèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà ðòà Mucous membrane of mouth Proc. styloideus Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Styloid process Lig. stylohyoideum Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Stylohyoid ligament M. longitudinalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ìûøöà Inferior longitudinal muscle M. stylopharyngeus Øèëîãëîòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylopharyngeus M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus M. constrictor pharyngis superior, Pars glossopharyngea Âåðõíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, ÿçûêîãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Superior constrictor, glossopharyngeal part M. constrictor pharyngis medius, Pars chondropharyngea Ñðåäíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, õðÿùåãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Middle constrictor, chondropharyngeal part Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Os hyoideum, Cornu minus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, ìàëûé ðîã Hyoid bone, lesser horn Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage T 2b, T 5 M. palatoglossus Í¸áíî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Palatoglossus Tonsilla palatina Í¸áíàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Palatine tonsil M. constrictor pharyngis medius, Pars ceratopharyngea Ñðåäíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, ðîæêîâî-ãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Middle constrictor, ceratopharyngeal part Os hyoideum, Cornu majus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, áîëüøîé ðîã Hyoid bone, greater horn A.; V. laryngea superior; N. laryngeus superior (X) Âåðõíèå ãîðòàííûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà; Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X) Superior laryngeal artery and vein; Superior laryngeal nerve (X) M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid M. constrictor pharyngis inferior, Pars thyropharyngea Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, ùèòîãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Inferior constrictor, thyropharyngeal part Ðèñ. 189 Ìûøöû ÿçûêà è ìûøöû ãëîòêè Mm. linguae et Mm. pharyngis Muscles of the tongue and muscles of the pharynx Ìûøöû Muscles 789 :;< =>* =(% CD ;9 )*> 6 * 3@,/A//B, 1 #" *%> 6 ? 3/B, 1 !$#6 789 :;< =>* =(% " #$ %& & '( `$(,)! a'; 1 18 ]= B ^#,): 'I,#$ +:; _= B < . 4 . 4 [#,#I:! , "#$%&!#'(! '() . . 4 4 b 4 . [#,#I:!#C "%#(# . . 18 K! +:; e < . 4 . c#*$#! ##,#I:! , G= 4 . . A4 . 4 `%#$# (,# D e 4 . 18 `$(,)! +:; 1 18 Z:; '+& f 4 . d'; ##,#I:!#C , . 18 .4 Z:; #"I'LD I6#, %( b4 18 . .O U 7 4 V%I!#9,L!#9'#';$! +:;O d'; : "#$%&!#'(! ",'(! 3 . .O AU U = P8O G8 M;$ $! %(% U . = @ 2= . 5#>! #'() ?= . $ %& '(( )!* RA T RM(%,)!C &%D !#'T R7 T H U 2 5D%'(# '",(! %#$! A U 4H 2 A U 5#,#'() !#' Q U = 18 W%I6#$ +:; 6, @ A2 . 0%! !#'#$ %#$! 1 .. 2 1 !C !#'#$#C &# - 3 H F%&!,L'(! "I& 1 H = 1 H F%&! ,L'() 1 H 18 4 F'#! +:; /4 18 4= . M(%,)! %,#$! +:; 7 4= . 8 . F!!C #(%#'(# A . 4 Q8 RPXT Y!C !%$ RPXT 7 U RPXT 8 .= ZD,#$C #(%#'(# A.= 4 Q8 U RPXT !C ,)$#,%!C !%$ RPXT - U U RPXT P8 4 4 5#$%&!#'(! $'#! $! 34 4 U G8 F!I(%!! '#!! %(% - . = G8 4 4 5#$%&!#'(! $'#! %(% 34 4 = A E%D I:!#C %#$! G 8 = . J,#$!C #(%#'(# 3= . 4 < . 4 . [#,#I:! , . . G8 U 5#$#!#! %(% P = G8 U ! ,)$#,%! %(% - U = 8 . 0#';$!C #(%#'(# 1 . 4 = 5## ! +:; : = U 7 4 d'; : "#$%&!#'(! ",'(! AU U = G8 4 \(,#! %(% @ 4 = $ %& '(( '(+ (,&( ./& ,&0 1/(.+21&% )!* *!" .!*3 *. *!*!4*5 /0/ 1'*2 ! 34// 15 $6 ! "#$% &'$()* ! "#$% )*$ %$&+& ,-$ %& & ./0(/ G8O P8 M;$ %(% $! = . U 18 O `$(,)! +:;O `$(,)! a'; 1 O 1 Q. =42 . . 5#! !,L'(! ,+a(' I, 3 . =42 . < . 4 . [#,#I:! , . . Q8 hP--i f8 M;$#C !%$ hP--i :C! $($) U hP--i U 2 P8 B H %I ! %+! $! gH B U 18 . P 4 c$I*%L:! +:; ! *%L:# b 4 = Q8 2=4 hS--i 5#>!C !%$ hS--i ?=4 U hS--i 18 =2= . J,#"#>! +:; 3=2= . = 5## ! +:; : = P8 2= . 4 F%&! D(#$! $! 34 2= . U G8 2= . 4 F%&! D(#$! %(% 34 2= . = 18 42 = !C #!'(%(#% 6,#( - 18 . P c$I*%L:! +:; "%! *%L:# b = U 7 4 d'; : "#$%&!#'(! ",'(! AU U = 18 =2= . j,L'(!#9"#>! +:; 1=2= . 18 2=2= . K(#"#>! +:; /2=2= . G8 5#"#*#%##! %(% 3 = < . . 5#! !,L'(! , 3 . . = 5## ! +:; : = 18 =2= . j,L'(!#9"#>! +:; 1=2= . < . 5#>! , 3 . 18 . P c$I*%L:! +:; "%! *%L:# b = 18 5#*#%##!#9! +:; < P8 5#>! $! 3 U G8 Y! %(% 7 = < . 5#! !,L'(!#C I, 3 . 18 2= . 5#*#%##!#9"#>! +:; < 2= . 18 =2= . j,L'(!#9"#>! +:; 1=2= . < . . 5#! !,L'(! , 3 . . 18 = J,#! +:; 3= Q8 2=4 hS--i 5#>!C !%$ hS--i ?=4 U hS--i 18 2= . P 4 M#"(#!#9"#>! +:; $%&! *%L:# @2= . 4 = 18 2= . V%I!#9"#>! +:; 32= . 62&'&(7(81& '(( 9 :*: ! G8O P8 M;$ %(% $! = . U Q8 RPXT Y!C !%$ RPXT 7 U RPXT 18 2= 5#>!#9! +:; ?= G8O P8 5#"#*#%##! %(% $! 3 = . U b 4 . [#,#I:!#C "%#(# . . < . 4 . c#*$#! ##,#I:! , G= 4 . . 18 O `$(,)! +:;O `$(,)! a'; 1 O 1 < . 4 . [#,#I:! , . . 18 4= . . Z,)! %,#$! +:; 1. 4= . Q. =42 . . 5#! !,L'(!#C ,+a('C I, 3 . =42 . P8 . \! !,L'(! $! f . U U 7 4 d'; : "#$%&!#'(! ",'(! AU U = 18 . P 4 c$I*%L:! +:; ! *%L:# b 4 = b . 5#! !,L'(!#C "%#(# 3 . . < . . 5#! !,L'(! , 3 . . 18 =2= . J,#"#>! +:; 3=2= . U 7 4 d'; : "#$%&!#'(! ",'(! AU U = 18 . P c$I*%L:! +:;8 "%! *%L:# b = ;,(18&&('((- .+21&%1< % =! *4!" - .*!!4*5 +,-., &'! 789 :;< =>* =(% CD ;9 )*> 6 * 3@,/A//B, 1 #" *%> 6 3/B, 1 !$#6 789 :;< =>* =(% )*$ %$&+& ,-$ 1*2+$ %& & ./0(//( b Z, "#>! "%#(# 1 . A 5#>!C '#'# 3 18 4= . . Z,)! %,#$! +:; 1. 4= . b B ^#,):#C "#>!C "%#(# 1 B . 18 5#*#%##!#9! +:; < Q8 RPXT Y!C !%$ RPXT 7 U RPXT < . . 5#! !,L'(! , 3 . . 18 2= . 5#*#%##!#9"#>! +:; < 2= . 18 . P c$I*%L:! +:; "%! *%L:# b = < . 5#>! , 3 . 18 =2= . j,L'(!#9"#>! +:; 1=2= . b . 5#! !,L'(!#C "%#(# 3 . . @ 2= . 5#>! #'() ?= . 62&'&(7(81& >2?7& '(( 9 :*: ! :* A 5#>!C '#'# 3 b B ^#,):#C "#>!C "%#(# 1 B . b . 5#! !,L'(!#C "%#(# 3 . . < . 5#>! , 3 . ! +:; 1=2= . G8 U ! ,)$#,%! %(% - U = Q8 U RPXT !C ,)$#,%!C !%$ RPXT - U U RPXT @ 2= . A B 5#>! #'() *#,):#C %#6 ?= . 2 < . . 5#! !,L'(! , 3 . . f .H W#%!) f Q8 2=4 hS--i 5#>!C !%$ hS--i ?=4 U hS--i 18 2= 5#>!#9! +:; ?= 62?7& >2&'&(7(81& '((- .+21+(/@% 9 :* :*: !- . !*!4*5 112 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Îòâåðñòèÿ âûâîäíûõ ïðîòîêîâ ñëþííûõ æåëåç Openings of the salivary glands Gingiva Äåñíà Gingiva Papilla ductus parotidei Ñîñî÷åê ïðîòîêà îêîëîóøíîé æåëåçû Papilla of parotid duct Bucca Ùåêà Cheek Ðèñ. 196 Ëîêàëèçàöèÿ îòâåðñòèÿ âûâîäíîãî ïðîòîêà îêîëîóøíîé æåëåçû, Papilla ductus parotidei Opening of the excretory duct of the parotid gland, Papilla ductus parotidei Lingua, Facies inferior ßçûê, íèæíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Tongue, inferior surface Dens molaris III [Serotinus] 3-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá [Çóá ìóäðîñòè] 3-rd molar tooth [Wisdom tooth] Plica fimbriata Áàõðîì÷àòàÿ ñêëàäêà Fimbriated fold Dens molaris II 2-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd molar tooth Frenulum linguae Óçäå÷êà ÿçûêà Frenulum of tongue Dens molaris I 1-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 1-st molar tooth Plica sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñêëàäêà Sublingual fold Dens premolaris II 2-é ìàëûé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd premolar tooth Caruncula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé ñîñî÷åê Sublingual caruncle Dens premolaris I 1-é ìàëûé êîðåííîé çóá 1-st premolar tooth Dens caninus Êëûê Canine tooth Gingiva Äåñíà Gingiva Dens incisivus II Påçåö II (ëàòåðàëüíûé) Incisor tooth II (lateral) Dens incisivus I Ðåçåö I (ìåäèàëüíûé) Incisor tooth I (medial) 154 Ðèñ. 197 Ëîêàëèçàöèÿ îòâåðñòèÿ âûâîäíîãî ïðîòîêà ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé æåëåçû, Caruncula sublingualis Opening of the excretory duct of the submandibular gland, Caruncula sublingualis Ìûøöû Muscles 345678 9:;& :$! @A7 5 %&; 2 & /=(+ >++?( - &! ; 2 < /+?( - 2 345678 9:;& :$! ' ( )$$ !& $# $!" *!#% ^H ) \]1!= ! ^H Pf d?==a2 Pf PQ 9 \]10= !=4!K 9 YQ)9 L_/M < !!>L_/M 8)9 ) HL_/M PQ R9 S6= !=4!K - R9 PQ9)9 E5150= !=4!K G)9 P*Q& R)9 [!K!W6 & R)9* TQ " ))9 g1=6== ! ()9 R YQ9 & R)9 ,+Z. < !W!>,+Z. G & R)9) H,+Z. P)B \6==a2 P)B PQ&R9 E5F= !0= !=4!K XR9 TQ)9 < !=6= 8)9 R PQ*R&R ha05F= !=4!K PR&R PQ9)&R E51505F= !=4!K G)&R U &R *:% ) *V E5F= !=2:12W XRB):9 & ) PQ&R9 E5F= !0= !=4!K XR9 PQ ) & R)9 * : &) & R)9 566W6:?=eW=2 P ) : &) & R)9 YQ&R9 ,Z++. E5F= !!>,Z++. XR9 ) H,Z++. TQ B)9 E5F= !=6= - B)9 R 2 5 67 8'#'+.)'9+!"#$#! * 5-)./9: Y)Q )*) L_AM [!]1!>!L_AM 8 )) H L_AM YQ ) *V L_AM C2]1!>L_AM G )) HL_AM TQ )*V C2=]1=6= G ) R LTQ) )M L\]1=6=M LY ) RM ^H ) \]1!= ! ^H %) ) H J K>! +) H ) @) ) \]1=4656 ) ) ( *)9 : ) 6= !:5==2 ( *" )9 :) cQ ) L+ZM [656>=>>2L+ZM @) B ) &L+ZM H `1>65!6 _ YQ9 & R)9 ,+Z. < !W!>,+Z. G & R)9) H,+Z. P)B \6==a2 P)B TQ ) )) :cQ ) d?5=e=]1=6=:4656>=>>2 T ))9 ) R: ) B ) & YQ9 & R)9 ,+Z.:c Q)9 < !W!>,+Z.:= !!>>6 G & R)9) H,+Z.:)9 B ) & @) )9 :) R*& < !=4656:64b65! 6 8)9 ) :R*&) 2 34 5 67 8'#'+.)'9+!"#$./.#.)#$'!!# !"#$#! * 5-)./9: 114 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Íîñ/Ïîëîñòü íîñà Nose/Nasal cavity Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ðîò/Ïîëîñòü ðòà Mouth/Oral cavity Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ÿçûêà è ãîðòàíè Vessels and nerves of the tongue and the larynx Glandula lingualis ßçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Lingual gland Ductus sublingualis major Áîëüøîé ïîäúÿçû÷íûé ïðîòîê Major sublingual duct Caruncula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé ñîñî÷åê Sublingual caruncle Ductus sublingualis major Áîëüøîé ïîäúÿçû÷íûé ïðîòîê Major sublingual duct Ductus submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ïðîòîê Submandibular duct Septum linguae Ïåðåãîðîäêà ÿçûêà Lingual septum N.; A.; V. sublingualis «Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé» íåðâ, ïîäúÿçû÷íûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Sublingual nerve, artery and vein A. lingualis; V. comitans nervi hypoglossi ßçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ; Âåíà, ñîïðîâîæäàþùàÿ ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ Lingual artery; Vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve N. lingualis (V3) ßçû÷íûé íåðâ (V3) Lingual nerve (V3) Ganglion submandibulare Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé óçåë Submandibular ganglion N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland A.; V. laryngea superior; N. laryngeus superior (X) Âåðõíèå ãîðòàííûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà; Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X) Superior laryngeal artery and vein; Superior laryngeal nerve (X) Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Glandula thyroidea, Lobus dexter Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ïðàâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, right lobe M. cricothyroideus Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Cricothyroid Cartilago cricoidea Ïåðñòíåâèäíûé õðÿù Cricoid cartilage 204, 218, 234, 237 Plica fimbriata Áàõðîì÷àòàÿ ñêëàäêà Fimbriated fold Ductus sublinguales minores Ìàëûå ïîäúÿçû÷íûå ïðîòîêè Minor sublingual ducts Plica sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñêëàäêà Sublingual fold M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Glandula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Sublingual gland M. styloglossus Øèëîÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Styloglossus M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly M. stylohyoideus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone M. omohyoideus, Venter superior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, âåðõíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, superior belly M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid M. constrictor pharyngis inferior Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Inferior constrictor (Lobus pyramidalis, Var.) (Ïèðàìèäàëüíàÿ äîëÿ, âàðèàíò) (Pyramidal lobe, var.) M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid Ðèñ. 200 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ÿçûêà, Lingua; áîëüøèå ñëþííûå æåëåçû, Glandulae salivariae majores, è ãîðòàíü, Larynx; âèä ñïåðåäè ñíèçó Vessels and nerves of the tongue, Lingua; major salivary glands, Glandulae salivariae majores, and larynx, Larynx; anterior-inferior view Ìûøöû Muscles 345678 9:;& :$! @A7 5 %&; 2 & /=(+ >++?( - &! ; 2 /+?( - 2 345678 9:;& :$! + , ( 1 2 ." !& $# / !& %$& "!& TQ " ))9 g1=6== ! ()9 R PQ9)9 E5150= !=4!K G)9 _Q " ))9 g1=>= ! ()9 H) G) B)9 E5F= != - B)9 9) TQ B)9 E5F= !=6= - B)9 R TQi_Q B)9 E5F= !!6=6> - B)9 R)H) YQ B)9 L_/M jE5F= !!k>L_/M - B)9 ) HL_/M YQ)9 L_/M < !!>L_/M 8)9 ) HL_/M YQ)9 L_/M < !!>L_/M 8)9 ) HL_/M PQ&R9 E5F= !0= !=4!K XR9 PQ R9 S6= !=4!K - R9 TQ " ))9 g1=6== ! ()9 R YQ&R9 ,Z++. E5F= !!>,Z++. XR9 ) H,Z++. TQ B)9 E5F= !=6= - B)9 R _Q)9 < !=> 8)9 H) PQ&R9 E5F= !0= !=4!K XR9 TQ)9 < !=6= 8)9 R TQ f ) \==6= of ) R TQ &R d?==e6>65=6= - &R R YQ R)9 LZM:cQ) ) d?6W!>LZM:>==>>2 - R)9) HLZM:) )B ) & #" C6bK6=66 % B" ) TQ R)9 d?==W=6= - R)9 R PQ9)&R E51505F= !=4!K G)&R U &R * E5F= !=2 XRB) TQ &R d?==e6>65=6= - &R R TQ ** ) n1e==6= %**) R % 9 &R $6>65!?=e @&R 9 P*B ) &R &R $65F= !=441 @&R &R**B ) G) &R :8B ) $6>65= :>=5= @&R 9):" B TQ &R :cQ9) ) d?==e6>65=6=: 5== 6=>>2 - &R R:) 9) B ) & PQ &R Ee6>65=4!K % &R + &* 9) &R Ee6>65 ! + &* @ & m?= @ & ;0 ? 5 0 <++/+.)'9+!"#$#! * .)#$('!) /.) 5.#'!'>"'!'9: <DC F 116 Ãîëîâà Head Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà Surface Ñêåëåò Skeleton Ìûøöû Muscles Ãîëîâà, ôðîíòàëüíûé cðåç Head, frontal section N. supraorbitalis (V1), R. medialis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V1), ìåäèàëüíàÿ âåòâü Supra-orbital nerve (V1), medial branch Spatium subarachnoideum Ïîäïàóòèííîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Subarachnoid space Sinus sagittalis superior Âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Superior sagittal sinus Arachnoidea mater cranialis Ïàóòèííàÿ îáîëî÷êà ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Cranial arachnoid mater Galea aponeurotica Ñóõîæèëüíûé øëåì Epicranial aponeurosis Falx cerebri Ñåðï áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Falx cerebri N. supraorbitalis (V1), R. lateralis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V1), ëàòåðàëüíàÿ âåòâü Supra-orbital nerve (V1), lateral branch Sinus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ ïàçóõà Frontal sinus A. supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Supra-orbital artery N. supraorbitalis (V1) Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V1) Supra-orbital nerve (V1) Dura mater cranialis Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Cranial dura mater M. obliquus superior Âåðõíÿÿ êîñàÿ ìûøöà Superior oblique M. levator palpebrae superioris; M. rectus superior Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíåå âåêî; Âåðõíÿÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Levator palpebrae superioris; Superior rectus M. temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Temporalis A. lacrimalis Ñëåçíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Lacrimal artery Glandula lacrimalis Ñëåçíàÿ æåëåçà Lacrimal gland Cellulae ethmoidales Ðåøåò÷àòûå ÿ÷åéêè Ethmoidal cells N. opticus [II]; V.; A. centralis retinae Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II]; Öåíòðàëüíûå âåíà è àðòåðèÿ ñåò÷àòêè Optic nerve [II]; Central retinal vein and artery R. zygomaticus (VII) Ñêóëîâàÿ âåòâü (VII) Zygomatic branch (VII) M. rectus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Lateral rectus Corpus adiposum orbitae Æèðîâîå òåëî ãëàçíèöû Retrobulbar fat M. rectus medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Medial rectus M. rectus inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Inferior rectus M. masseter Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà Masseter N. infraorbitalis (V2) Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V2) Infra-orbital nerve (V2) Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Ductus parotideus Îêîëîóøíîé ïðîòîê Parotid duct Septum nasi Íîñîâàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Nasal septum Concha nasalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ íîñîâàÿ ðàêîâèíà Inferior nasal concha Dens molaris II 2-é áîëüøîé êîðåííîé çóá 2-nd molar tooth A. transversa faciei Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ ëèöà Transverse facial artery R. buccalis (VII) Ùå÷íàÿ âåòâü (VII) Buccal branch (VII) Ductus submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ïðîòîê Submandibular duct A.; V. facialis Ëèöåâûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Facial artery and vein Glandula sublingualis Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ æåëåçà Sublingual gland V.; A.; N. alveolaris inferior Íèæíèå àëüâåîëÿðíûå âåíà, àðòåðèÿ è íåðâ Inferior alveolar vein, artery and nerve M. buccinator Ùå÷íàÿ ìûøöà Buccinator M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Lingua ßçûê Tongue A.; V. lingualis ßçû÷íûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Lingual artery and vein M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Ðèñ. 202 Ôðîíòàëüíûé cðåç ãîëîâû 48-ëåòíåãî ìóæ÷èíû íà óðîâíå âòîðîãî âåðõíåãî áîëüøîãî êîðåííîãî çóáà; âèä ñïåðåäè Frontal section through the head of a 48-yearold male at the level of the second upper molar tooth; anterior view ()*+,.&/&0 /12 45,* 6 0 ' 3 "7 %8&' Ãîëîâà, ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç Head, frontal section * ! #&+'( , ! 3- ! RQ!./ - ! 4215&%&&67&&2&&(&)R 05&%&&67&&2&&(&) 8 /- R8 !./- C 9 F C:&%'&2F C F ! " #$%&'&&(&) ! " U@" c 557&5('> " c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Ðèñ. 203 !67 8 ! 8 9 "#$%&'()* &+$%&,#$-.,&,*,*'/$0'%*$%'&*'&&,* (*3*($0&,*)* $%/-44*#2$('#&$$&,'%&*#+$#3+*56:$&*&,*';)*% *$0&,*2'<+(('#1)+%-)'%/ &,* ($)*4#$<+2+&1$0&,*&$$&,'%('.*&$&,*$#;+& 118 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ìûøöû øåè è òðàõåîòîìèÿ Muscles of the neck and tracheotomy Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland A.; V. facialis Ëèöåâûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Facial artery and vein M. masseter Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà Masseter Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid M. digastricus Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà Digastric M. stylohyoideus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid M. digastricus, Venter posterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, çàäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, posterior belly Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà M. scalenus medius Sternohyoid Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius M. longus capitis Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Longus capitis Thyroid cartilage M. omohyoideus Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Omohyoid Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament M. cricothyroideus Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Cricothyroid Arcus cartilaginis cricoideae Äóãà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Arch of cricoid cartilage M. scalenus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid M. splenius cervicis Ðåìåííàÿ ìûøöà øåè Splenius cervicis M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae A. carotis communis; V. jugularis interna Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ; Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Common carotid artery; Internal jugular vein M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà M. scalenus medius Sternothyroid Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius M. omohyoideus, (Tendo intermedius) Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, (ïðîìåæóòî÷íîå ñóõîæèëèå) Omohyoid, (intermediate tendon) Plexus brachialis, Pars supraclavicularis Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Brachial plexus, supraclavicular part M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle M. pectoralis minor Ìàëàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis minor A. axillaris V. subclavia Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary artery Subclavian vein M. pectoralis major, Pars clavicularis Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà, êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Pectoralis major, clavicular head M. subclavius Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ìûøöà Subclavius M. omohyoideus, Venter inferior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, íèæíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, inferior belly T 8, T 9, T 10, T 11 Trachea M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Òðàõåÿ Trachea Sternohyoid Fascia cervicalis, Lamina pretrachealis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäòðàõåàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, pretracheal layer M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior Ðèñ. 204 Ìûøöû øåè Mm. colli Muscles of the neck Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone * Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea ** *** Ðèñ. 205 Õèðóðãè÷åñêèé äîñòóï ê òðàõåå ïðè ïåðåðàçîãíóòîé øåå Surgical access to the trachea with the neck hyperextended * ** M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid M. pectoralis major, Pars clavicularis Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà, êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü M. sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis major, clavicular head Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid Glandula thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Êîíèêîòîìèÿ. Coniñotomy. Âåðõíÿÿ òðàõåîòîìèÿ (âûøå ïåðåøåéêà ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû). Upper tracheotomy (above the isthmus of the thyroid gland). *** Íèæíÿÿ òðàõåîòîìèÿ (íèæå ïåðåøåéêà ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû). Lower tracheotomy (below the isthmus of the thyroid gland). Arcus venosus jugularis ßðåìíàÿ âåíîçíàÿ äóãà Jugular venous arch Cartilago cricoidea Ïåðñòíåâèäíûé õðÿù Cricoid cartilage Glandula thyroidea, Lobus sinister Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ëåâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, left lobe V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein 4* 6 0 ' ()*+,.&/&0 /12 = "7 %8&' -"#&!# ./ I B- 0&17&+5('>' I B- !- !RU@- =25m>5R=25('> U !9!RU ?--/" 2+6T ?-9-/" I!@ B / i&21&&&7 B / ! U@ B i&5)65('> B < @ B .B/ i&$&1L5)6525)7 B .B/ - U@/ !XD \2%T'5('>X)1%T'7& 3 !X " B U@ B .B/ i&$&1L5)65('> B .B/ U@ B .B/ XK / i&$&1L5)65('>X&+ B .B/X / !! S! f>5' 8 S! 9! U@ ! /- / d1&V7T66&V&>215('> ! /- / U/" M+556T U/" !! S! X<- 9! f>5'X$&2&5$7 8 S! 9!XS B U@-B .B/ ]T&V$&1L5)65('> UB .B/ U@-.B/ :&$&6&V$&1L5)65('> b-.B/ U@/ !XD \2%T'5('>X$1%T'7& 3 !X " B U@-.B/ XD :&$&6&V$&1L5)65('>X2%T'7& b-.B/X " B !! S! X<- 9! f>5'X$&2&5$7 8 S! 9!XS B U@ .B/ d1&V$&1L5)65('> .B/ U@-.B/ XD 9 :&$&6&V$&1L5)65('>X +%T'7& b-.B/X9 " B !! S! X<- 9! f>5'X$&2&5$7 8 S! 9!XS B K --! S! :&$&6&V7T66&7 b-! S! 8 S! jT6> 8 S! I B- 0&17&+5('>' I B- K --! S! :&$&6&V7T66 D@e &7 M+55(52 b-! S! , e S K!. 45 K!. !! S! X<- !. f>5'X$15$7 8 S! 9!X !. B ! S! - Y517T6655(7 < ! S! 9 9D U@ ! /- / d1&V7T66&V&>215('> ! /- / E*#3+ '(0') +' Ôàñöèÿ øåè, Fascia cervicalis =>2n 0&2&5$7X<- 9! j>2n 015$7X<- !. `>2n 01$&)2&&65$7X<- S " Cervical fascia, Fascia cervicalis o pn ES B X<- 9! @ ? /n I !. B X<- !. * n I S " B X<- S " O P 9 A ,*2'$0&,* *#3+ '(0') +' M! O 6N#'%)3*#)*)* &+$%6 6>*/+'%)* &+$%6 A= AE D 120 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ìûøöû øåè Muscles of the neck M. stylohyoideus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland Lig. stylohyoideum; M. stylopharyngeus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà; Øèëîãëîòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid ligament; Stylopharyngeus M. masseter Æåâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøöà Masseter M. digastricus, Venter posterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, çàäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, posterior belly Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible M. semispinalis capitis Ïîëóîñòèñòàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Semispinalis capitis M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone M. omohyoideus, Venter superior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, âåðõíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, superior belly M. splenius capitis Ðåìåííàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Splenius capitis M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid M. constrictor pharyngis inferior Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Inferior constrictor M. scalenus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius M. scalenus posterior Çàäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus posterior M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius Glandula thyroidea, Lobus sinister Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ëåâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, left lobe Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid M. pectoralis major, Pars sternocostalis Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà, ãðóäèíî-ðåáåðíàÿ ÷àñòü Pectoralis major, sternocostal head Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid M. omohyoideus, Venter inferior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, íèæíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, inferior belly 184 209 204 795 T 8, T 9, T 10, T 11 Ðèñ. 208 Ìûøöû øåè Mm. colli Muscles of the neck Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II /0120 3"4 * 4 560 7#8%-4 ;<6=> ,&,8#%&?@ '90 ! +:,-4 Ìûøöû øåè Muscles of the neck ! [ ,J <%)E&&(&E/(,/($2/ I =[M ,M <%)2%F&&( Z 8%2%F&&( Z + .F&&( I + 6 &$&) 6 4 N " * V&(E&%&&$ * * " * ?%/&=$1&=&( * " * ! # ! + .F&&( I + +" .EF&&( I +" SF&&( K T,2&1U&2$/ I K " * V% " * + .F&&( I + " * V% " * 8% " * V% " * + . I + " * V% " * A 4 " 8%E0/F&%&$ ! 4 8% " * V% " * ! 4K <(2&$1%% I B 4K 5 ! 4K* [ 8%(2&$1%% Z+7 4K 5 8% - 4K* [ 8%(2&$1( Z+7 4K K + . I + ! "" * [ 8%(&0U&%% Z+7 "" * 5 ! "" <(&0U&%% I B "" * 5 -K \%>2&( K K -47 7 <(2F&&(( I B47 7K A 47 7 8F&&(&E(& ]7 7 ^ G_-GG`RE2&:(&$2%(&F&2&)&Ea K 7 KK 4 b_c`?%/2&:(&$2%(&F&2&%Ea 7*7 K 4 ! "#$#%#& ' &( & ' !"#$% & A E%#@-F ! '()) * +,-.,*)) B>>CD9 ?@#,:G8*%-G A( H?%#@-F !" I" <(2$ I B" G 75 * \%>U&((%:$ 75 * 7 A 4 "75 * " \%>EU&(E0/F&%&$ 75 * 4 I 4d L& 64d N " 5 + \/2F&% I5 + " J B CDE%&F G B 7 A 4 "75 * " B CDEU&(E0/F&%&$ G B 75 * 4 ) *+,-.Cartilago thyroidea/0 12#3( &#3 &4.Cartilago thyroidea/$35(#' J e&$ J a K + X%/F&)$ A + B K J ./F&&0%:EF%0) ! G 75 * \%>U&((%:$ 75 * 7 J \%>E%&F 7 J+ S&D$&(E>%U J + J+ 5 * Y%2&(E>%U !5 *+ N " TE&%&&$ a K 4 + 8%&&F&($ 64 +B K N K Q I+K ?&&&(&E&%&&$Q ?&&&((:$ - Q - +" N " TE&%&&$ ! + * ./F2%(&F&>%U !7 B *+ a 75 * @&(/(2&(%>&) A75 * B 6,-7 0.Cartilagines laryngis/ +8 9&#3 &4 &#2:. Cartilagines laryngis/$# ;#3#$35 J \%>E%&F 7 I" * [ 8%(2$ Z+7" A 4 "75 * " \%>EU&(E0/F&%&$ 75 * 4 N " 5 + \/2F&% I5 + " I" <(2$ I B" A 4 "75 * " B CDEU&(E0/F&%&$ G B 75 * 4 I 4d L& 64d J B CDE%&F G B 7 G 75 * B CDU&((%:$ G B 75 * 7 ) *+,-.Cartilago thyroidea/ 12#3( &#3 &4.Cartilago thyroidea/$#& $35 J+ S&D$&(E>%U J + N K ?&&&(&E&%&&$ - I+ 5 * " 2%%2&((:$ N =5 *+" I+K ?&&&((:$ - +" ! + * ./F2%(&F&>%U !7 B *+ I" + * 8$2%(&F&>%U I" B *+ 6,-7 0.Cartilagines laryngis/0 9&#3 &4 &#2:.Cartilagines laryngis/(# & $35 J+ S&D$&(E>%U J + N " TE&%&&$ J+ 5 * Q ! 5 * Y%2&(E>%UQ 8%%2&(E/( !5 *+ Q J =5 *M I" + * 8$2%(&F&>%U I" B *+ a 75 * @&(/(2&(%>&) A75 * B 6,-7 0.Cartilagines laryngis/0 9&#3 &4 &#2:. Cartilagines laryngis/$35(#' a 5 * Y%2&(/(2&(%>& !5 * B J+ + CF&%E>%U f + + I" + * 8$2%(&F&>%U I" B *+ N + * V0$F&%$ ^ B + <07 0*+,-.Cartilago epiglottica/0 =;34 3 &#3 &4. Cartilago epiglottica/(# & $35 ! + * ./F2%(&F&>%U !7 B *+ a 75 * @&(/(2&(%>&) A75 * B *+,-.Cartilago cricoidea/+8 9#3 3( &#3 &4. Cartilago cricoidea/$# ;#3#$35 I" + * 8$2%(&F&>%U I" B *+ *+,-.Cartilago cricoidea/0 9#3 3( &#3 &4. Cartilago cricoidea/(# & $35 /0120 3"4 * 4 560 7#8%-4 ;<6=> ,&,8#%&?@ '90 ! +:,-4 #$%&'(&)*) +!,-.- !" 675 * ",J "M 8&9:$&),0&)&E%&F ;5 *4 ,+ 7 J+ + CF&%E>%U f + + 675 * ",J " 8&9:$&),E%&F ;5 *4 , 7 I+75 75 * " <%)U&2&9:(:$ I 75 75 *+" J+ %&(E>%U A + "4 75 75 * @&2&9:0% A75 75 *" "4 J+ 75 * ,J @&(E>%U,(%>E%&F A75 *+ , 7 I+75 75 * "" * " V%U&2&9:(:$ * 75 75 *+" J+ 75 * ,I" * [ @&(E>%U,2%(2$ A75 *+ ,+7" G 75 * \%>U&((%:$ 75 * 7 J+ 75 * ,J B @&(E>%U,DE%&F A75 *+ , B 7 I+ 75 * "" * " V%2%U&((:$ * 75 *+" J 75 * L2/2%U&(&F&/( J B 75 *M ! + * ./F2%(&F&>%U !7 B *+ I+ 7 8%%>)(:$ J 7 +" J+ 7 e%U%> A7 + > 0?@,0,A ?. / B&#2:&(23(%. /$#& $35 J+ + CF&%E>%U f + + 675 * ",J " 8&9:$&),E%&F ;5 *4 , 7 675 * ",J "M 8&9:$&),0&)&E%&F ;5 *4 ,+ 7 J+ %&(E>%U A + J * " + " 8%F&%&D%&(&& N = + B4 *5 N + * V0$F&%$ ^ B + J+ 75 * ,I" @&(E>%U,(2$ A75 *+ , B" J+ 5 * Y%2&(E>%U !5 *+ I+ 5 * " 8%%2&((:$ V =5 *+" J 75 * L2/2%U&(&F&/( J B 75 *M I+ 7 8%%>)(:$ J 7 +" J+ 7 e%U%> A7 + I+75 75 * " <%)U&2&9:(:$ I 75 75 *+" "4 75 75 * @&2&9:0% A75 75 *" "4 J+ 75 * ,J @&(E>%U,(%>E%&F A75 *+ , 7 J+ S&D$&(E>%U J + J 5 * L2/2%%2&(&F&/( J B =5 *M J+ 75 * ,J B @&(E>%U,DE%&F A75 *+ , B 7 J 75 * L2/2%U&(&F&/( J B 75 *M I+ 75 + " 8%F&&(:$ J& 75 + +" I++ L&)((:$ ! +" 6,-7 0@,0,A ?. /0 9&#3 &4 &#2:&(23(%. /(# & $35 124 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ãîðòàíü Larynx Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü è ñêåëåò ãîðòàíè Hyoid bone and skeleton of the larynx Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Cartilago epiglottica Íàäãîðòàííûé õðÿù Epiglottic cartilage Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament Petiolus epiglottidis Ñòåáåëåê íàäãîðòàííèêà Stalk of epiglottis Lig. thyroepiglotticum Ùèòîíàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Thyro-epiglottic ligament Lig. cricopharyngeum Ïåðñòíåãëîòî÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Cricîpharyngeal ligament Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Cartilagines arytenoideae ×åðïàëîâèäíûå õðÿùè Arytenoid cartilages Lig. vocale Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñâÿçêà Vocal ligament Conus elasticus Ýëàñòè÷åñêèé êîíóñ Conus elasticus Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament Proc. vocalis Ãîëîñîâîé îòðîñòîê Vocal process Lamina cartilaginis cricoideae Ïëàñòèíêà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Lamina of cricoid cartilage Arcus cartilaginis cricoideae Äóãà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Arch of cricoid cartilage Facies articularis thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Thyroid articular surface Cartilagines tracheales Õðÿùè òðàõåè Tracheal cartilages Ðèñ. 220 Ãîðòàíü è ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, Larynx et Os hyoideum; âèä ñëåâà Larynx and hyoid bone, Larynx et Os hyoideum; viewed from the left Lig. hyoepiglotticum Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-íàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Hyo-epiglottic ligament Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Bursa infrahyoidea Ïîäïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñóìêà Infrahyoid bursa Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament Corpus adiposum preepiglotticum Ïðåäíàäãîðòàííîå æèðîâîå òåëî Pre-epiglottic fat body Lig. thyroepiglotticum Ùèòîíàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Thyro-epiglottic ligament Lig. vestibulare Ñâÿçêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular ligament Lig. vocale Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñâÿçêà Vocal ligament Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament Ligg. anularia Êîëüöåâûå ñâÿçêè Anular ligaments Cartilago epiglottica Íàäãîðòàííûé õðÿù Epiglottic cartilage Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Cartilago thyroidea, Cornu superius Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù, âåðõíèé ðîã Thyroid cartilage, superior horn Cartilago thyroidea, Lamina dextra Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù, ïðàâàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Thyroid cartilage, right lamina Lig. cricopharyngeum Ïåðñòíåãëîòî÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Cricîpharyngeal ligament Cartilago arytenoidea ×åðïàëîâèäíûé õðÿù Arytenoid cartilage Lig. cricoarytenoideum Ïåðñòíå÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Ñrico-arytenoid ligament Lig. cricopharyngeum Ïåðñòíåãëîòî÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Cricîpharyngeal ligament Lamina cartilaginis cricoideae Ïëàñòèíêà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Lamina of cricîid cartilage Pharynx, Tunica mucosa Ãëîòêà, ñëèçèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà Pharynx, mucosa Trachea, Paries membranaceus Òðàõåÿ, ïåðåïîí÷àòàÿ ñòåíêà Trachea, membranous wall Ðèñ. 221 Ãîðòàíü è ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, Larynx et Os hyoideum; ñðåäèííûé cðåç, âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Larynx and hyoid bone, Larynx et Os hyoideum; median section, medial view Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ãëîòêà Pharynx 89:;9 <1= ( = ?@9 A' = B C @D "$3$'3# > 49 0 6%$ = '() *%+! ,-.! #(' $' )+.*7 #('" $ #$% ' ( ),+-. 9 G ' $(' / $ ' TO.267 / ' $ / $ H/ ' & 267H6* ! $H & ' ; %( W2S,26. : & C )726 9 V' ; %? @+6. A & /' B+,.6. /' / $ ' J+267 C ' $ /' B+,.6. /' C $' D**7 C " $ #$%? @+-. A $(' / $ 267 ! $ Q' & U72-. = & ' /0 1 1 23 4)"*5$.!') $*%!,**"5($) %$)!.67$"!%"$& a )7F2SN b M,,+2F2SN2 :% / :(% '4 Y '? 04 Y ' '? ' Z+2+.[O*+6-.% M2+.[.7F2SN2% 9+.[+7% \ L L[ ''" ? $(' % ] L[( ' '% P L[ '" '% c R+ ,+F2SN :% ' # G ' d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Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ãîðòàíü Larynx Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ Laryngoscopy a Epiglottis Íàäãîðòàííèê Epiglottis Plica vocalis Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñêëàäêà Vocal fold Cartilago arytenoidea; Cartilago corniculata ×åðïàëîâèäíûé õðÿù; Ðîæêîâèäíûé õðÿù Arytenoid cartilage; Corniculate cartilage Recessus piriformis Ãðóøåâèäíûé êàðìàí Piriform fossa Epiglottis Íàäãîðòàííèê Epiglottis Ventriculus laryngis Æåëóäî÷åê ãîðòàíè Laryngeal ventricle Plica vocalis Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñêëàäêà Vocal fold Ðèñ. 228 a, b Ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ Laryngoscopy a Íåïðÿìàÿ ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ. Indirect laryngoscopy. b Ïðÿìàÿ ýíäîñêîïè÷åñêàÿ ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ. Direct, endoscopic laryngoscopy. b Rima glottidis Ùåëü ãîëîñîâîãî àïïàðàòà [Ãîëîñîâàÿ ùåëü] Rima glottidis Plica vestibularis Ñêëàäêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular fold Incisura interarytenoidea Ìåæ÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ âûðåçêà Interarytenoid notch Ðèñ. 229 Ïðÿìàÿ ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ; ïîëîæåíèå ïðè äûõàíèè Direct laryngoscopy; respiratory position Rima glottidis Ùåëü ãîëîñîâîãî àïïàðàòà [Ãîëîñîâàÿ ùåëü] Rima glottidis Plica vestibularis Ñêëàäêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular fold Plica aryepiglottica ×åðïàëîâèäíî-íàäãîðòàííàÿ ñêëàäêà Ary-epiglottic fold Cartilago arytenoidea; Cartilago corniculata ×åðïàëîâèäíûé õðÿù; Ðîæêîâèäíûé õðÿù Arytenoid cartilage; Ñorniculate cartilage Incisura interarytenoidea Ìåæ÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ âûðåçêà Interarytenoid notch Ðèñ. 230 Ïðÿìàÿ ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ; ïîëîæåíèå ïðè ãîëîñîîáðàçîâàíèè Direct laryngoscopy; phonation position Epiglottis Íàäãîðòàííèê Epiglottis Plica vocalis Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñêëàäêà Vocal fold Rima glottidis, Pars intercartilaginea Ùåëü ãîëîñîâîãî àïïàðàòà [Ãîëîñîâàÿ ùåëü], ìåæõðÿùåâàÿ ÷àñòü Rima glottidis, intercartilaginous part Rima glottidis, Pars intermembranacea Ùåëü ãîëîñîâîãî àïïàðàòà [Ãîëîñîâàÿ ùåëü], ìåæïåðåïîí÷àòàÿ ÷àñòü Rima glottidis, intermembranous part Plica vestibularis Ñêëàäêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular fold Ðèñ. 231 Ïðÿìàÿ ëàðèíãîñêîïèÿ; ïîëîæåíèå ïðè øåïîòå Direct laryngoscopy; whispering position Ãëîòêà Pharynx 9:;<: =2> ) > @A: B( !> CDAE #%4%( 4$ ? 5: 1 7&%!> !"#$"%!&' 86 6* 6 6+# * F.0 0 " D 6+# ( % ' %#* # + F .0 C + # $ %# ' # # +9 Y# B? .09 2/; 0 C + # $ # 9 Y# 8 $ ( +# F./ /0( +# $ ) X #+ P- ) ( + 8 # + 6+# 7.0; <3 56+# # + H ! * FI /0J % K ( ! FI /?A ( ! % C+L ! ! * * * & 30I / M ! ! #+ * C+L ! 6+# * ,0.0 / G! D 6+# #+ * C+L ! 6+# * FID.0 / J D 6+# #+ * G% #* (* P; Q?. 8 (* % # G% #* # * = ; Q?. 8# % # ML $ F A@R G $ "# $ # 2/ / ' # (# C * # + F/0 /0. <3 C * ( # + 8 # + ! ,0; <3 G! # + ' # # + B? .0 C + # $ # "# $ %# & ' %# (# G * &/0 Q M C+L ! * * * & /030 / M ! #+ * G ! E " * *% S<E 0 /0 G ! E * *% T ## UV6 * 6! + ! # W UF3D0<- /0/0W UH 6! + ! # 6 W > # + N?. /0. <3 >! ( # + !* +# # ! F@ 30; !* G ! S< 8 # + ! # G ! O3 0< G ! # # + 425 Larynx 6 ) X #+ P- ) ( + C+L ! 6+# * FID.0 / J D 6+# #+ * 86 6* 6 6+# * F.0 0 " D 6+# ( % 8 # + 6+# 7.0; <3 56+# # + G% #* (* P; Q?. 8 (* % # H ! * FI /0J % C+L ! ! * * * & 30I / M ! ! #+ * G% #* # * = ; Q?. 8# % # C+L ! 6+# * ,0.0 / G! D 6+# #+ * ML $ F A@R G $ 8 # + ! ,0; <3 G! # + > # + N?. /0. <3 >! ( # + C * # + F/0 /0. <3 C * ( # + 8 # + ! # O3 0< G ! # # + 425( Larynx) * %2 2 6( Larynx) ! 7 !0 "!! 8 3""3 0F +,-.-/0 123 4/0 !" #$ %&'() !' ()* +"!,!-!.!$"%!&' " 6## $ ## BQ // ' ## 6 6## )L #+ # ] 0 C+ # % ! ZL +#6! + 1[4 ] .0; 1[4 Y#6! + # $ 1[4 ZL +#6! + 1[4 ] .0; 1[4 Y#6! + # $ 1[4 )L ## 0 G## % ! >L 6 # E )L ## \/<3 ^Q 0E A 0> + 6 # E ## % ! G## 6 # 7^Q A " # # H ! *E 8 * a FI /0-E Q-@; . J % E + ! 56+# 7.0 56+# ZL # + 6 U[W \<; .0; U[W V6 # + # $ U[W >L # + 6 \< .0 0 V6 # + # 8 # + ! E 8 6 ,0; <3E <; . G! # + E 6 ! > # + \< .0C + # # ' ## # 6+# ]A .0 56+# $ ## # ZL # + 6 U[WE )L \<; .0; U[WE ?0 0 V6 # + # $ U[WE # % ! ! ML %#_ P/ A@R H%#_ 8 # + ! E C * ,0; <3E /0 G! # + E # ( # * 8 # + ! E 8 ( ,0; <3E ; . G! # + E ( ! ML 6 ` /0 A@R " D >L # + ( 7 .0 0 ( # + # Y# # ! ,0 G! +# )L ! # S<- 0 G ! # % ! Y# # 6 ! 6 \< 30 V6 6 ! +# >L ! ( 7 30 0 ( ! Y# # 6 ! ( 7 30 ( 6 ! +# ZL # + U[WE )L 6! + # \0; .0; U[WE 3 0 ) # + # $ U[WE 6! + # % ! G ! S< G ! G ZL # + U[W \0; .0; U[W ) # + # $ U[W 92 /+ 2( Larynx( .+ ( Radix linguae :! ; 7 !0 "6( Larynx( !0 ! 7 !0 !8 ( Radix linguae 1 5./66 ) 7%!8%)/66 *$ !" 9:;<: =2> ) > @A: B( !> CDAE #%4%( 4$ 0 5: 1 7&%!> /0 1* 2* '0".!!!", V # # + @ .0 C + # # V # # + @ .0 C + # # Y# # # + # 20 C + # +# ' # # + B? .0 C + # $ # ML ! ,0 A@R G! D "# $ # 2/ / ' # (# ZL # + 6 U[WE )L \<; .0; U[WE ?0 0V6 # + # $ U[WE # % ! ML $ # 2/ A@R ' # >L # + 6 \< .0 0 V6 # + # 8 # + ! E C * ,0; <3E /0 G! # + E # ( # * '$L # + 6 \< .0 V6 # + # $ 8 # + :; <3 > # + "# $ %# & ' %# (# ) 6(* 2?@; A "(* ( )* +# ,- ./. 0 12/ 3-4 )* +# ML 6! + * &; /0 0 .0 M# ML 6! + ( 7; /0 0 .0 ( M*L $ %#_ F / A@R G $ %#_ bcd bce 8 $ 6! + F/0- .0 8 $ ( 6! X "# X $ 6! + 20 /0 "! + # $ 6# X 425( <= 2 = . -> *%? *?%& ( ( 1& 2( 6( @0 30! 3 ! !0 ! A !3 !0 " " ; !" ( ( !0 " " 8" ( )* +# E " * *% ,- ./. 0 12/ 3-4E A0 /0)* +# E * *% 6 C+L $ # 2/ / ' # #+ * ML $ # 2/ A@R ' # 8 # + E "L $ # :; <3E ./; 0/0 > # + E $ # 6 ML ! ,0 A@R G! D ZL # + 6 U[W \<; .0; U[W V6 # + # $ U[W )* +# E " # + ,- ./. 0 12/ 3-4E A<3 /0)* +# E # + 6 >L # + 6 \< .0 0 V6 # + # '$L # + 6 \< .0 V6 # + # $ 8 # + :; <3 > # + > # F/0; /?/0 &D a 8 # + ! E C * ,0; <3E /0 G! # + E # ( # * ) 6(* 2?@; A "(* ( 8 $ 6! + F/0- .0 8 $ ( 6! X G * &/0 Q M ML 6 ` /0 A@R " D ML 6! + ( 7; /0 0 .0 ( G * &/0 Q M C * # + F/0 /0. <3 C * ( # + 425 6 132 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ãîðòàíü Larynx Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Cornu minus Ìàëûé ðîã Lesser horn Os hyoideum, Corpus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, òåëî Hyoid bone, body Cornu majus Áîëüøîé ðîã Greater horn Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Cartilago thyroidea, Cornu superius Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù, âåðõíèé ðîã Thyroid cartilage, superior horn Prominentia laryngea Âûñòóï ãîðòàíè Laryngeal prominence Cartilago thyroidea, Lamina dextra Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù, ïðàâàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Thyroid cartilage, right lamina Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament M. cricothyroideus Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Cricothyroid Glandula thyroidea, Lobus sinister Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ëåâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, left lobe Glandula thyroidea, Lobus dexter Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ïðàâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, right lobe Isthmus glandulae thyroideae Ïåðåøååê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû Isthmus Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea 205 Ðèñ. 237 Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà è ãîðòàíü Glandula thyroidea et Larynx Thyroid gland and larynx Os hyoideum, Corpus Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü, òåëî Hyoid bone, body Bursae infrahyoideae Ïîäïîäúÿçû÷íûå ñóìêè Infrahyoid bursaå Cartilago triticea Çåðíîâèäíûé õðÿù Triticeal cartilage Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Cartilago thyroidea, Lamina dextra Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù, ïðàâàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Thyroid cartilage, right lamina Glandula thyroidea; (Lobus pyramidalis, Var.) Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà; (Ïèðàìèäàëüíàÿ äîëÿ, âàðèàíò) Thyroid gland; (Pyramidal lobe, var.) Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament M. cricothyroideus Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Cricothyroid Glandula thyroidea, Lobus dexter Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ïðàâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, right lobe Glandula thyroidea, Lobus sinister Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ëåâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, left lobe Isthmus glandulae thyroideae Ïåðåøååê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû Isthmus Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea Ðèñ. 238 Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà è ãîðòàíü Glandula thyroidea et Larynx Thyroid gland and larynx Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ãëîòêà Pharynx 9:;<: =2> * > ?@: A )"> BC@D $&4&) 4%! 5: 1 7'&"> Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ñðåçû Thyroid gland, sections Plexus thyroideus impar Íåïàðíîå ùèòîâèäíîå ñïëåòåíèå Unpaired thyroid plexus Fascia cervicalis, Lamina pretrachealis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäòðàõåàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, pretracheal layer Isthmus glandulae thyroideae Ïåðåøååê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû Isthmus Fascia cervicalis, Lamina superficialis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, investing layer Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid N. laryngeus recurrens (X) Âîçâðàòíûé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X) Recurrent laryngeal nerve (X) V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] Cartilago trachealis Õðÿù òðàõåè Tracheal cartilage Glandula thyroidea, Lobus sinister Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà, ëåâàÿ äîëÿ Thyroid gland, left lobe R. cardiacus cervicalis superior (X) Âåðõíÿÿ øåéíàÿ ñåðäå÷íàÿ âåòâü (X) Superior cervical cardiac branch (X) Glandula parathyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ îêîëîùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Inferior parathyroid gland Ganglion cervicothoracicum [Ganglion stellatum] Øåéíî-ãðóäíîé óçåë [Çâåçä÷àòûé óçåë] Cervicothoracic ganglion [Stellate ganglion] M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior M. scalenus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius Truncus jugularis dexter Ïðàâûé ÿðåìíûé ñòâîë Right jugular trunk Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea M. longus colli Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà øåè Longus colli Fascia cervicalis,Lamina prevertebralis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäïîçâîíî÷íàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, prevertebral layer Vertebra cervicalis [CVII] Øåéíûé ïîçâîíîê [CVII] Cervical vertebra [CVII] Oesophagus Ïèùåâîä Oesophagus Paries membranaceus Ïåðåïîí÷àòàÿ ñòåíêà Membranous wall A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery A; V. vertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Vertebral artery and vein A. thyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior thyroid artery Glandula thyroidea "#$ Glandula thyroidea *&'()& Cartilago epiglottica Íàäãîðòàííûé õðÿù Epiglottic cartilage Membrana quadrangularis ×åòûðåõóãîëüíàÿ ìåìáðàíà Quadrangular membrane Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Rima vestibuli Ùåëü ïðåääâåðèÿ Rima vestibuli Membrana thyrohyoidea Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíà Thyrohyoid membrane Lig. vestibulare Ñâÿçêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular ligament Fascia cervicalis, Lamina pretrachealis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäòðàõåàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, pretracheal layer Ventriculus laryngis Æåëóäî÷åê ãîðòàíè Laryngeal ventricle Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Lig. vocale Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñâÿçêà Vocal ligament 239 Vestibulum laryngis Ïðåääâåðèå ãîðòàíè Laryngeal vestibule M. arytenoideus obliquus, Pars aryepiglottica Êîñàÿ ÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà, íàäãîðòàííî-÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ ÷àñòü Oblique arytenoid, ary-epiglottic part Sacculus laryngis Ìåøî÷åê ãîðòàíè Laryngeal saccule M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid Plica vestibularis Ñêëàäêà ïðåääâåðèÿ Vestibular fold Plica vocalis Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñêëàäêà Vocal fold M. constrictor pharyngis inferior, Pars thyropharyngea Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè, ùèòîãëîòî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Inferior constrictor, thyropharyngeal part M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid A; V. thyroidea superior Âåðõíèå ùèòîâèäíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Superior thyroid artery and vein M. cricoarytenoideus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïåðñòíå÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Lateral crico-arytenoid Rima glottidis Ùåëü ãîëîñîâîãî àïïàðàòà [Ãîëîñîâàÿ ùåëü] Rima glottidis M. vocalis Ãîëîñîâàÿ ìûøöà Vocalis M. cricothyroideus Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Cricothyroid Conus elasticus Ýëàñòè÷åñêèé êîíóñ Conus elasticus Glandula thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Cavitas infraglottica Ïîäãîëîñîâàÿ ïîëîñòü Infraglottic cavity Cartilago cricoidea Ïåðñòíåâèäíûé õðÿù Cricoid cartilage Lig. cricotracheale Ïåðñòíåòðàõåàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Cricotracheal ligament Cartilago trachealis Õðÿù òðàõåè Tracheal cartilage Glandula parathyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ îêîëîùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Inferior parathyroid gland Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea Glandula thyroidea ! "#$ Glandula thyroidea %&'()& 240 E ,-. / .0 12 3 40 !"# # $ % & '( )" *++ , " " $%! &'( )*"( e> 8%$QO R -/,QO R : 8%$$ AQO R `>!$ %$ 11/+/ P!$ %$# =>$ %$ p1,1 ' %$A `>$ %$ p11/+/ ' %$# H> %$ T1BL1 : %$ H> %$ T1BL1 : %$ `>4# )# U1/6111/+/ X)# $4# # `># 8 J/.0+,11/+/ P8 # # `>4# )# U1/6111/+/ X)# $4# # e>$ %8 <O?&N> # J/.-E/+1-/,<O?&,+/,+,9 P8 $ %$ A<O?& # $! 4 4# 4# Go/1L-1/+/ "# ! 4# `>$ %8 J/.E/+111/+/ P8 $ %$# `># 8 J/.0+,11/+/ P8 # # H>% I/T1BL1 5 7 ( 1+9 : ! H(! # *+1I/11 3 ((! `>4# 4(( fI0111/+/ "(( 4# # 5$ $# &'!)# *+,1621&/1,12 3 %$ & % #$! "# $%# *+,-./0 3 4# $% `># 8 &N>%$ $ # J/.0+,11/+/&/62+1,+,9 P8 # # & # %$ $! 4 5$ $# &'! # *+,1621&2,12 3 %$ &$ #$! ' %>4 4# (( ( K/1/+0+,1,1 H 4 4# $ %( # H>4 4# /+0+,1BL1 " 4# `># &N>%$ $ U60+,11/+/&62+,+, # # &%$ $! 4 # (%$ $# /B0+,-62 # ( 34 C/1. 34 +$," "- # "Glandula thyroidea Larynx .(''('(/('%&(&Glandula thyroidea&(Larynx "# b61 Pg H(> BL (4$ # (%$ $# /B0+,-62 # ( \4 4A 4$ &'( 8#4 $ ]1LB&/+/1.129121+1 "A 4$ 4 &8#4 $$ "# $%#4 $ W/0+/1. 34 $4# $% 5$ $# &'!)# *+,1621&/1,12 3 %$ & % #$! `>4# 4(( fI0111/+/ "(( 4# # q H>$ %4$$ h21BL1B ' %4$$ =#!4A 4$ Q"= R S--,Q"= R "A 4$A#!Q"= R Glandula thyroidea 0$ , ,0 1 2 #2 03 $ ,42 $ 56678 Glandula thyroidea 9:;(;&';<(/(&'()& %(/(=4&56678 > ? ,0 @ AB&';'=%&(&)(A 1 5/ 0 66 * 7&" 8&*0 66 +% !"# 9:;<: =2> * > ?@: A )"> BC@D $&4&) 4%! 5: 1 7'&"> - ./ % 0 / '( 1"! 2 " , " " , C - # " $ D C "D, D ((<(&%&(&=&&((9/;'(' H(> BL (4$ =>F%$ )# U1/61/1,1 X)# $F%$A q 34 C/1. 34 "8A#! C2,1 =#!$! "# rI/ N! @4>8 f++-+/+ P8 84 H>4#8 DBL1&,/2n01, X4#8 E 0D2F GD !C $0#4HI8$ $ ,AI @ $D - 2 2 C $0, C "D,D- # " J()K )<L;&(&<L)4M8'()& %(/(=A(&)(''L)(&='&( &9L&)(((%&(& > ? - # "AJ(%&A H !$ U62n+9 H !$ =>F%$ p/1,1 s%$A "$A 4$)# /1,12nL1 N % #4$A 4$ q "# rI/ N ! H ! (# r+1E/ H ! ( # ( "$A 4$ # a,12nL1 ' #4$A 4$ E @D 0 $,03 $ 0D2F GD !C $0@ 4HI8$ D $,F- 0, C ,F ,FF- # " 2 3 C $A5NN J()K OG<('()'&;)&%< )<L;&(&<L)4M8'()&''=(/((((%&9(%&(& '<(L&(&'PA5NN > ? - # "AJ(%&A 136 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ãîðòàíü Larynx Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Ïîëîñòè íîñà è ãëîòêè, îêîëîñðåäèííûé ñðåç Nasal and pharyngeal cavity, paramedian section Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] Ìÿãêîå í¸áî [Í¸áíàÿ çàíàâåñêà] Soft palate Os nasale Íîñîâàÿ êîñòü Nasal bone Septum nasi Íîñîâàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Nasal septum Sinus sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíàÿ ïàçóõà Sphenoidal sinus Maxilla Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Maxilla Vestibulum nasi Ïðåääâåðèå íîñà Nasal vestibule M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Lig. hyoepiglotticum Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-íàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Hyo-epiglottic ligament Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone Mandibula Íèæíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Mandible M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament Cartilago epiglottica Íàäãîðòàííûé õðÿù Epiglottic cartilage Corpus adiposum preepiglotticum Ïðåäíàäãîðòàííîå æèðîâîå òåëî Pre-epiglottic fat body Lig. thyroepiglotticum Ùèòîíàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Thyro-epiglottic ligament Plica vestibularis; Plica vocalis Ñêëàäêà ïðåääâåðèÿ; Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñêëàäêà Vestibular fold; Vocal fold Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage Arcus cartilaginis cricoideae Äóãà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Arch of cricoid cartilage Fascia cervicalis, Lamina superficialis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, investing layer Fascia cervicalis, Lamina pretrachealis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäòðàõåàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, pretracheal layer V. thyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ âåíà Inferior thyroid vein Arcus venosus jugularis ßðåìíàÿ âåíîçíàÿ äóãà Jugular venous arch M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid Manubrium sterni V. brachiocephalica sinistra Ðóêîÿòêà ãðóäèíû Ëåâàÿ ïëå÷åãîëîâíàÿ âåíà Manubrium of sternum Left brachiocephalic vein Nodus lymphoideus cervicalis anterior Ïåðåäíèé øåéíûé ëèìôàòè÷åñêèé óçåë Anterior cervical lymph node 271 Ala vomeris sinistra Ëåâîå êðûëî ñîøíèêà Left ala of vomer Plica salpingopalatina Òðóáíî-í¸áíàÿ ñêëàäêà Salpingopalatine fold Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae; Torus tubarius Ãëîòî÷íîå îòâåðñòèå ñëóõîâîé òðóáû; Òðóáíûé âàëèê Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube; Torus tubarius Tonsilla pharyngea Ãëîòî÷íàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Pharyngeal tonsil Torus levatorius Âàëèê ìûøöû, ïîäíèìàþùåé ìÿãêîå í¸áî Torus levatorius Os sphenoidale, Corpus Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, òåëî Sphenoid, body Plica salpingopharyngea Òðóáíî-ãëîòî÷íàÿ ñêëàäêà Salpingopharyngeal fold Atlas [CI] Àòëàíò [CI] Lig. transversum atlantis Atlas [CI] Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà àòëàíòà Transverse ligament of atlas Os occipitale Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü Occipital bone Arcus palatopharyngeus Í¸áíî-ãëîòî÷íàÿ äóæêà Palatopharyngeal arch Tonsilla palatina Í¸áíàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Palatine tonsil Pharynx Ãëîòêà Pharynx Spatium retropharyngeum Çàãëîòî÷íîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Retropharyngeal space Tuberculum cuneiforme Êëèíîâèäíûé áóãîðîê Cuneiform tubercle Tuberculum corniculatum Ðîæêîâèäíûé áóãîðîê Corniculate tubercle Lig. longitudinale posterius Çàäíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Posterior longitudinal ligament Lamina cartilaginis cricoideae Ïëàñòèíêà ïåðñòíåâèäíîãî õðÿùà Lamina of cricoid cartilage Spatium epidurale Ýïèäóðàëüíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Epidural space Trachea Òðàõåÿ Trachea Oesophagus Ïèùåâîä Oesophagus Isthmus glandulae thyroideae Ïåðåøååê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû Isthmus Dura mater spinalis Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Spinal dura mater Lig. longitudinale anterius Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Anterior longitudinal ligament Fascia cervicalis, Lamina prevertebralis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïðåäïîçâîíî÷íàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, prevertebral layer R. cricothyroideus (A.; V. thyroidea superior); Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ âåòâü (Âåðõíèå ùèòîâèäíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà); Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Cricothyroid branch (Superior thyroid artery and vein); Median cricothyroid ligament Truncus brachiocephalicus Ïëå÷åãîëîâíîé ñòâîë Brachiocephalic trunk Ðèñ. 246 Ïîëîñòü íîñà, ïîëîñòü ðòà, ãëîòêà è ãîðòàíü, Cavitas nasi, Cavitas oris, Pharynx et Larynx; îêîëîñðåäèííûé ñðåç Nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, Cavitas nasi, Cavitas oris, Pharynx et Larynx; paramedian section Ãëîòêà Pharynx 9:;<: =2> * > @A: B )"> CDAE $&4&) 4%! 5: 1 7'&"> &'( )$* 76574. ]%I ( &)IQ % #% 9)!$ ) 5747 `574. ]%I ) K)#*# E ) Q" ( 574. B67. B6l57.X7 HI"1 %&# ( r 9"! > (!2I" 7. m57.X7 B67.7 HI"$ &) 2EP!(#%D)EE1>0> 7.7 N..574. ]%I ( &)IQ %E* 574.. :.l57. O > (!&>1 m57 B67.7k. HI"$ &) 2EP! (#%D)EE1>0> %I ) 7.7k. B6l57.7 H ! > (!2I" m57.7 B67 HI")$%!1EP!)@0)>E')(# > T7 B67 HI"$ &) 2EP!)@0)>E')(# > 7 57 *) ?0' !%)!f ! 57, B6774. p $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 +74.7 _ I *)IQ2IP# ;74 7674. O #( &)IQ % B747 B645. A77 V(>0%E")!2I" '&)##0%E" -577 B675.7 HI"$ &) 2EP!>1 % 75.7 1 -..74.UB6.7 n >") Q$% US#*)!2I" 744.Ub.7 B67.7 ]%>1 (!2I"% 1>0)!* 9 ;.7 B6475.7 HI" $> EP!>1 % -75.7 B6 8 &0 % & *)!2I" B 8 & K)!2I""# B6774. M# E ) ?$ &L!'I*)!2I" B774 B6757. 8 &L!'I*) ?!'I*)!2I" N757. B645.A7 V(>0%E")!2I"$#%#&)##0%E" -57 B6774. p $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 2 3 4 7674. p ( &)IQ % 3747 56774. p $ &L!'I*)!(!' 37745 B6757. p !'I*)!2I" B675. 3757. p 1 *)!2I" 375. 7475 o%!P#1 *)!* 9 B67754. +7475 O%#&) Q ) % %1 75 B4477 [ K ( ?1 *)!* 9 +75 B645.A77 V(>0%E")!2I"'&)##0%E" -577 ;74.+7.X. 8 &L!'I*)! 90 9" Q% 1 N74757 B6774. %>& ) ?$ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 B67774. \ $ *) ?$ &L!'I*)!2I" ;774 B6774. S $ &L!'I*)!2I" T774 +5774 S ( &)IQD%!P #(!$ ) T745, 8#% )#P g h i j B6774. ( &)!2I" +774 8%!2!* 9 35 7k. ] !* 9 ;k. :6UA65.7U=65..7dqe C#%D) #1 % ))I#% #% ! (#)UC#%D) Q1 % ))IQ)#%(dqe 3.754U3.75dqe B6775,775 < K) Q ) % %1 P 1 *)!* 9 W,77775 B6775,775 < K) Q ) % %1 $#% )#1 *)!* 9 W,77775 ;75. 8 P#( & ;75. +57 o%!P %D# T5 5756]%I 1 *)!* 96575 .756S#*) ?1 *)!* 96b.75 756M# E ) ?1 *)!* 96B75 57756Y'I 1 *)!* 96J775 )*+,*++ -#!$.('/($&0'/( B774 S $ &L!'I*)!2#20%) T774 B6775.7 C#%D) Q ) % %1 3.777 $ / 3/ $ ? F ,-. / .0 12 3 40 !"# 1 5/ 0 66 * 7&" 8&*0 66 $%! &'( )*"( &'( )$* B67 HI"$ &) 2EP!)@0)>E')(# > 7 d....7.e dV 0( *)IQ2I"#*)IQ$>* e d:7..,e J4.5 *)I#K# #'I 554 374777 ]2#) ?' I *)IQ )D )&% ' 7?7747 B6574.4 H#& 9)! %I ( &)!2I" B4574 5674. ] ) ( &) ?) K)#*# E )!(!' 374.5 57 *) ?0' !%)!f ! 57, 7674. p ( &)IQ % 3747 B6774. p $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 B6574. \ #% 9)! %I ( &)!2I" 574 p B645.A77 V(>0%E")!2I"'&)##0%E" -577 56774. $ &L!'I*)!(!' 37745 B6774. $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 J4.74 n >")!K# #' 7454 B645.A77 V(>0%E")!2I"'&)##0%E" -577 B6574.4 H#& 9)! %I ( &)!2I" B4574 B4. < K)!!*# E 9 B4 1 p B675. p 1 *)!2I" 375. B6757. p !'I*)!2I" 3757. 2 3 5674. p ) K)#*# E )!(!' 374.5 B6574.4 H#& 9)! %I ( &)!2I" B4574 B6774. p $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 B645.A77 V(>0%E")!2I"'&)##0%E" -577 B67754.7475 O%#&) Q ) % %1 D%!P#1 *)!* 9 B44777475 B67754.75 O%#&) Q ) % %1 % K ( ?1 *)!* 9 B447775 4 J4..4. 8 &) K)#*# E )!K# #' 3.4.54 p B6757. !'I*)!2I" 3757. B6774. p $ &L!'I*)!2I" 3774 ;74.+7.X. 8 &L!'I*)! 90 9" Q% 1 N74757 B6775,775 < K) Q ) % %1 P 1 *)!* 9 W,77775 `5 p (1 5 B6775,775 < K) Q ) % %1 $#% )#1 *)!* 9 W,77775 J4.747. S ( &)!K# #' #(!& ! T7454,7 ;75.T... 8 P#( &2I"#*)! 0 * ;75... J4.747.4 S ( &)!K# #'$%(!& ! T745457 J4.74.7,7 C#%D)!! ) K)!! P ( &)I#K# #'I 3.74,77454 J4.74.7,7 C#%D)!! ) K)!! P ( &)I#K# #'I 3.74,77454 T /%D#! T ;75.T... 8 P#( &2I"#*)! 0 * ;75... g h i j $? 5756]%I 1 *)!* 96575 .756S#*) ?1 *)!* 96b.75 756M# E ) ?1 *)!* 96B75 57756Y'I 1 *)!* 96J775 B6775.7 C#%D) Q ) % %1 3.777 )*+ -#!$.('/( +% !"# 9:;<: =2> * > @A: B )"> CDAE $&4&) 4%! G 5: 1 7'&"> + , -. / %#%*%0#1 374777 ]2#) ?' I *)IQ )D )&% ' 7?7747 T75 *)!2 )& ) 57 +. O +. +74 O%#&)!!) (!% ( ) B447 B67 HI"$ &) 2EP! )@0)>E')(# > 7 `.5. *)IQ %2) 5 +7 o ) +7 T7... /%>0)IQ( T7... 7674. p ( &)IQ % 3747 ;.5. ..4 *) # (#% # >D ( Q %>0I 575 7,.47. 57 /%>0) ?)@0)! & 357,74 T7.7. C 2I"I$ &) 2EP#Q2!1 #)@0 T7.7. 575 /%>0) ?1 *)! & 3575,74 B6574.4 H#& 9)! %I ( &)!2I" B4574 5674. p ) K)#*# E )!(!' 374.5 J4.5 *)I#K# #'I 554 3. < (!$#%#1 % & =. T7 <@0)!2 )& ) 7 ;74.+7.X. 8 &L!'I*)! 90 9" Q% 1 N74757 +5774+7... S ( &)IQD%!P(#%D) Q% 1 T745.77 5.7 O & (#%D)#1 1 % )) 1 )#%( 747,.75 W.74 H#K*#%$ ( &)!(I%#' W747 B645.A77 V(>0%E")!2I" '&)##0%E" -577 J4.74 n >")!K# #' 7454 =74.745 *)I# 2f &)I#>'# 57474. .7FA..G H!1 #)@0 F<@0)!')(# G 37, :.75. s. <@0) ?1 *)!&>K 75 <@0)IQ!'I* s. J4..4. 8 &) K)#*# E )!K# #' 3.4.54 5. Y'I K# 0 ( &)I# * T75. `45. ] %#)9!'I `777,75. +7,7 < K)!!) (!% ( ) W,77 d d5757e *) ?)&1 % ))! & e d57?57,74e R57 <&1 % )) R57 57 M#%$ ( &) ?)&1 % ))! & :?57,74 T....,7U+57.,7 ] ) ( &)IQ0>1 % U] ) ( &)IQD%!P +.,7.U+.,75 T...7..U+577. [ K ( &)IQ0>1 % U[ K ( &)IQD%!P +7..U+7.5 J4.74.7,7 C#%D)!! ) K)!! P ( &)I#K# #'I 3.74,77454 :UA674,7 < K) #P ( &)I#% #% ! (#) W,7744 < (!* 91 5 [ (!* 91 75 % ))!* 91 55 1 !" =7 5 ;7 75 57 55 -#!$% =6FAhG6C#%D)#*# E ) Q)#%(FAhG6BFAhG =65775.FWqG6Y'I 1 *)IQ)#%(FWqG6J775FWqG =65.FqG6r >K&EP Q)#%(FqG6A5.FqG 2344 5 4 +5 6($7($$(! $ 0#("#!$% 140 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ñîñóäû è íåðâû áîêîâîãî îêîëîãëîòî÷íîãî ïðîñòðàíñòâà Vessels and nerves of the parapharyngeal space A. carotis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Internal carotid artery N. glossopharyngeus [IX] ßçûêîãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ [IX] Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] Sinus transversus Ïîïåðå÷íûé ñèíóñ Transverse sinus Sinus sigmoideus Ñèãìîâèäíûé ñèíóñ Ganglion superius (X) Sigmoid sinus Âåðõíèé óçåë (X) Superior ganglion (X) Bulbus superior venae jugularis Âåðõíÿÿ ëóêîâèöà ÿðåìíîé âåíû Superior bulb of jugular vein R. auricularis (X) Óøíàÿ âåòâü (X) Auricular branch (X) N. accessorius [XI], R. externus Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI], íàðóæíàÿ âåòâü Accessory nerve [XI], external branch Proc. mastoideus Ñîñöåâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Mastoid process Proc. styloideus Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Styloid process N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] M. stylopharyngeus Øèëîãëîòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylopharyngeus N. glossopharyngeus [IX] ßçûêîãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ [IX] Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] R. pharyngealis (IX) Ãëîòî÷íàÿ âåòâü (IX) Pharyngeal branch (IX) M. digastricus, Venter posterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, çàäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, posterior belly N. laryngeus superior (X) Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X) Superior laryngeal nerve (X) A. carotis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ External carotid artery A. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Facial artery A. lingualis ßçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Lingual artery R. pharyngealis (IX) Ãëîòî÷íàÿ âåòâü (IX) Pharyngeal branch (IX) N. laryngeus superior (X), R. externus Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X), íàðóæíàÿ âåòâü Superior laryngeal nerve (X), external branch N. laryngeus superior (X), R. internus Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ (X), âíóòðåííÿÿ âåòâü Superior laryngeal nerve (X), internal branch A. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior thyroid artery M. constrictor pharyngis medius Ñðåäíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Middle constrictor N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] N. accessorius [XI], R. internus Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI], âíóòðåííÿÿ âåòâü Accessory nerve [XI], internal branch M. constrictor pharyngis superior Âåðõíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Superior constrictor Vv. pharyngeae A. meningea posterior Ãëîòî÷íûå âåíû Çàäíÿÿ ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Pharyngeal veins Posterior meningeal artery Bulbus inferior venae jugularis Íèæíÿÿ ëóêîâèöà ÿðåìíîé âåíû Inferior bulb of jugular vein Glandula thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland A. thyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior thyroid artery R. cardiacus cervicalis superior (X) Âåðõíÿÿ øåéíàÿ ñåðäå÷íàÿ âåòâü (X) Superior cervical cardiac branch (X) R. pharyngealis Ãëîòî÷íàÿ âåòâü Pharyngeal branch Ganglion cervicale medium Ñðåäíèé øåéíûé óçåë Middle cervical ganglion Ganglion cervicothoracicum [Ganglion stellatum] Øåéíî-ãðóäíîé óçåë [Çâåçä÷àòûé óçåë] Cervicothoracic ganglion [Stellate ganglion] N. cardiacus cervicalis medius (Truncus sympathicus) Ñðåäíèé øåéíûé ñåðäå÷íûé íåðâ (Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë) Middle cervical cardiac nerve (Sympathetic trunk) Oesophagus Ïèùåâîä Oesophagus 252 937 Os temporale Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü Temporal bone N. caroticus internus (Truncus sympathicus) Âíóòðåííèé ñîííûé íåðâ (Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë) Internal carotid nerve (Sympathetic trunk) Ganglion inferius (IX) Íèæíèé óçåë (IX) Inferior ganglion (IX) A. carotis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Internal carotid artery Ganglion inferius (X) Íèæíèé óçåë (X) Inferior ganglion (X) N. jugularis (Truncus sympathicus) ßðåìíûé íåðâ (Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë) Jugular nerve (Sympathetic trunk) Ramus mandibulae Âåòâü íèæíåé ÷åëþñòè Ramus of mandible Ganglion cervicale superius (Truncus sympathicus) Âåðõíèé øåéíûé óçåë (Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë) Superior cervical ganglion (Sympathetic trunk) A. pharyngea ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ ãëîòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ascending pharyngeal artery N. glossopharyngeus [IX] A. palatina ascendens ßçûêîãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ [IX] Âîñõîäÿùàÿ í¸áíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] Ascending palatine artery A. facialis A. lingualis Ëèöåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ ßçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Facial artery Lingual artery A. carotis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ A. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ External carotid artery Superior thyroid artery N. cardiacus cervicalis superior (Truncus sympathicus) Âåðõíèé øåéíûé ñåðäå÷íûé íåðâ (Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë) Superior cervical cardiac nerve (Sympathetic trunk) V. jugularis interna R. pharyngealis Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Ãëîòî÷íàÿ âåòâü Internal jugular vein Pharyngeal branch N. vagus [X] A. carotis communis Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vagus nerve [X] Common carotid artery Plexus caroticus communis Îáùåå ñîííîå ñïëåòåíèå Truncus sympathicus Common carotid plexus Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë Sympathetic trunk Rr. pharyngeales (IX, X) Ãëîòî÷íûå âåòâè (IX, X) Pharyngeal branches (IX, X) M. constrictor pharyngis inferior Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Inferior constrictor Foramen jugulare ßðåìíîå îòâåðñòèå Jugular foramen Ðèñ. 251 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ãëîòêè, Pharynx, è áîêîâîå îêîëîãëîòî÷íîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî, Spatium lateropharyngeum Vessels and nerves of the pharynx, Pharynx, and the parapharyngeal space, Spatium lateropharyngeum -./0. 1 2 ( 2 34. 5!6#+2 9:4;< =*$*6!#$>? %7. )8*+2 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû áîêîâîãî îêîëîãëîòî÷íîãî ïðîñòðàíñòâà Vessels and nerves of the parapharyngeal space -& &E J: & & / ' &.9 ! #L)7O)JC**8 P#7\L),#*)* -&R4 &EJ & & !9 &' c)* DE . F@G ' &.9 ! 4 H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G $ & & E <Q7C - & E & $ & . O2C $ . & D.! ' &. F?@G 1,O#7F?@G %! ' &. !&EF?@G % &.! & &4 >@A B+C,#>@A ?&4 . &.! &>@A D' .! F@??G <^*,7F@??G _ .! !&EF@??G - 9 dCL)# - 9 . JI& KCL;T)*2T)J,)L;T ` . J 9!! E! eT)*,7) ! E! ! ! &.' &. dCL\O#7)*#)) $ ! &.' &. !4! -& !! ! & BUL)*2)#) ! & & ! M ! ' &. BUL\O#7)*C+) ! ' &. ! ' Y ! . ' JY& (N*=JNO -' ! .J '& ! .! fQ)#\)O))*#)) M \ .! 4! : 4 b! &E ! &. PCT)2)b#))NOO)O) 44 b/! 4 ! &. !&E -& !! ' &. P#7)*2)#) ' &. ! & ! D' .! F@??G <^*,7F@??G _ .! !&EF@??G & S)**Q7Q)#)*2T) \ & -& ' 2Q)7# $ ' &R %! & ! ' ()*+#,) -' .! & -& ' E ! (T# -' E ! &R [!9 &4 E& 0.! B+**#C)*2 ?&4 9!940.! E & M 9! E <#;77)*)* $9! E & I 9! E <#;77)*) $9! E &E & DE . F@G H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G D! &. & >@A 6,)O)>@A :& ! &. !&E>@A I9 ' ' ! Z <))*Q#7O#)*) : .' 9 ' ' ! E & I E 6N**Q#)*) $ E& E % &.! &E ' F% &.! & !! G "\OCC,#FS,7)C,#G YE ' . &.! &F$ !! . &.! &G MbI 9! E <#;77)*) $9! E & & E & M& 9! E <#;77)*Q#* M& 9! E M & XL=)*)*)* Y& D! &. & >@A 6,)O)>@A :& ! &. !&E>@A DE . F@G H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G & & FM & & G BN*=)*7)8)FBN*=)*))G ` & &. - ' J 9 & d)N*JQQ7))*) - ' J9 & g !! D F@?G KL)7F@?G M &EF@?G [!9 E& 0.! 6N**#C)*2 $ 9!940.! E & M & & 6C**)*)* ?& & ! D F@?GJ:Z & KL)7F@?GJ)C+)*8 M &EF@?GJZ & !9 &' M ! S)#7)*)* 5 ! % &.! &E ! >-& ' A 6NTC,#>2Q)7#A $ E !. &.! &>$ ' &RA Y ! . 9 E b5 ' &. 9 E j*=#CNCLbP#7#CNCL Y ! .4 9b' &. !& &.4 9 & ' &. 6NO# $ & ! &.' &. dCL\O#7)*2T) ! ' &. BUL\O#7)*2T) $ ! &.' &. ! ' &. $! & ! ! &. ! <O)7)*L,)*,) - & ! ! 4 &. a .! D! &. >@Ab B)O) MbI! &. a .! 6NO)>@Ab 6NO))*) $ ! &. !&E>@Ab $ ! &. ! & E & DE . F@G H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G & & E b & 9! h <Q7)*7Q)#)*2T)bi)*7Q)#)*2T) - & E & b59! h & DE . F@G H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G 5 ' . J-& ! <=J2T7)*L#7) 5 ' . J ! ! % &.! &E ! TC,# !E !. &.! & M ' &4 B+**=)*)* ?&4 ' [!9 &4 E& 0.! B+**#C)*2 ?&4 9!940.! E & -& ' E ! (T# -' E ! &R I9 ' ' ! & V)*Q#7O#)*) W4 9 ' ' ! E & DE . F@G H#C+);=F@G I . &EF@G -& 9 ' ' ! <#7O## [ ' ' ! &R DE . F@GJ: E ! H#C+);=F@GJN**T)*7)*8 I . &EF@GJ E ! 9 &' %! & ! ' &4 B+**#=)*+#,) ?&4 ' .! & Ðèñ. 252 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ãëîòêè, Pharynx, è áîêîâîå îêîëîãëîòî÷íîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî, Spatium lateropharyngeum; âèä ñçàäè Vessels and nerves of the pharynx, Pharynx, and the parapharyngeal space, Spatium lateropharyngeum; posterior view !"# $ %&'' ( )*+,*('' ' !"&( %! & ! X#CT)*+#,) .! & I ! S)**CT)*) ! E & D ! >I??A S)CT>I??A ! &E>I??A M ! S)**CT)*)* ! D ! .& J: H#8TCTJ,) % ! &EJ 9 &' & J 4& ! J I& ! B)7Q)*2T)J,)#7\#L)* 2T)J,)#7L;T a & J 4& ! J !9!! I0.! Z & B)C+)**2)*) aZ & !0.! E & M ! S)#7)*)* 5 ! I ! S)#7)*) 5 !E & D & E !! J: <Q7TJN - & E E !&EJ 9 &' D ! 0 H#8T,)#7 % !&E D ! .& J: & H#8TCTJQ**8 % ! &EJ & 9 &' D ! & e)#,)#7 W !&E &! PC\#;77\)*2T) $ &! D & E !! J: &4 <Q7TJ+ - & E E !&EJ &4 9 &' D ! .& H#8TCT % ! &E !E ! eT)JQ2);=)*#Q)C WE ! ! <+)*2T)T ! D F@?G KL)7F@?G M &EF@?G k d)Q)*2T) - k D& ! E ! ! e)#8 )#;77 ! ! E ! &E D& ! E ! & <2+C7)#;77 ?& ! E ! &E D& ! E ! ! ! V))#8)#;77 W ! ! E ! &E @= - . - -/ ) 0 -- !"#"+ "# "'+ !"#(1 )2$!+(+% & '( )*%+% !"#$% ./0/123 4#"$456 , +-% Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè Vessels and nerves of the neck N. facialis [VII], R. colli Ëèöåâîé íåðâ [VII], øåéíàÿ âåòâü Facial nerve [VII], cervical branch V. retromandibularis Çàíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ âåíà Retromandibular vein N. auricularis magnus Áîëüøîé óøíîé íåðâ Great auricular nerve V. auricularis posterior Çàäíÿÿ óøíàÿ âåíà Posterior auricular vein N. occipitalis minor Ìàëûé çàòûëî÷íûé íåðâ Lesser occipital nerve Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein A. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Occipital artery V. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ âåíà Occipital vein N. occipitalis major Áîëüøîé çàòûëî÷íûé íåðâ Greater occipital nerve (R. communicans) (Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü) (Communicating branch) M. splenius capitis Ðåìåííàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Splenius capitis V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius N. accessorius [XI] Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI] Accessory nerve [XI] Nodi lymphoidei cervicales laterales, Nodi superficiales Ëàòåðàëüíûå øåéíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå óçëû, ïîâåðõíîñòíûå óçëû Lateral cervical lymph nodes, superficial nodes N. transversus colli Ïîïåðå÷íûé íåðâ øåè Transverse cervical nerve V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íîñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid Nn. supraclaviculares laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå íàäêëþ÷è÷íûå íåðâû Lateral supraclavicular nerves M. omohyoideus Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Omohyoid Arcus venosus jugularis ßðåìíàÿ âåíîçíàÿ äóãà Jugular venous arch Plexus brachialis, Truncus superior Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, âåðõíèé ñòâîë Brachial plexus, superior trunk V. transversa colli Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ âåíà øåè Transverse cervical vein Nn. supraclaviculares mediales Ìåäèàëüíûå íàäêëþ÷è÷íûå íåðâû Medial supraclavicular nerves Nn. supraclaviculares intermedii Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûå íàäêëþ÷è÷íûå íåðâû Intermediate supraclavicular nerves Ðèñ. 254 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ëàòåðàëüíîé îáëàñòè øåè, Region cervicalis lateralis; ïåðåñå÷åííàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà îòâåäåíà êâåðõó, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà ôàñöèè øåè áîëüøåé ÷àñòüþ óäàëåíà Vessels and nerves of the lateral region of the neck, Region cervicalis lateralis; parts of the platysma have been reflected cranially and the investing layer of the cervical fascia has been largely removed 144 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè Vessels and nerves of the neck A. carotis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ External carotid artery N. facialis [VII], R. colli Ëèöåâîé íåðâ [VII], øåéíàÿ âåòâü Facial nerve [VII], cervical branch V. retromandibularis Çàíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ âåíà Retromandibular vein V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein V. auricularis posterior Çàäíÿÿ óøíàÿ âåíà Posterior auricular vein V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein N. occipitalis minor Ìàëûé çàòûëî÷íûé íåðâ Lesser occipital nerve Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly A.; V. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Occipital artery and vein R. suprahyoideus (A. lingualis) Íàäïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ âåòâü (ßçû÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ) Suprahyoid branch (Lingual artery) N. occipitalis major Áîëüøîé çàòûëî÷íûé íåðâ Greater occipital nerve A. laryngea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãîðòàííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior laryngeal artery R. infrahyoideus (A. thyroidea superior) Ïîäïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ âåòâü (Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ) Infrahyoid branch (Superior thyroid artery) M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery M. splenius capitis Ðåìåííàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Splenius capitis A. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior thyroid artery N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] Plexus cervicalis Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå Cervical plexus Ansa cervicalis, Radix superior (Plexus cervicalis) Øåéíàÿ ïåòëÿ, âåðõíèé êîðåøîê (Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå) Ansa cervicalis, superior root (Cervical plexus) N. accessorius [XI] Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI] Accessory nerve [XI] Plexus brachialis, Truncus superior Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, âåðõíèé ñòâîë Brachial plexus, superior trunk M. omohyoideus, Venter superior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, âåðõíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, superior belly A. transversa colli, R. superficialis Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Transverse cervical artery, superficial branch M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. omohyoideus, Venter inferior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, íèæíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, inferior belly M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior A. transversa colli, R. profundus Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ øåè, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Transverse cervical artery, deep branch V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid A. suprascapularis Íàäëîïàòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Suprascapular artery M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major 121 46, T 7 254 A. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery A. transversa colli Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ øåè Transverse cervical artery A. thoracoacromialis, R. deltoideus Ãðóäîàêðîìèàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, äåëüòîâèäíàÿ âåòâü Thoraco-acromial artery, deltoid branch V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Plexus brachialis, Pars supraclavicularis Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Brachial plexus, supraclavicular part Ðèñ. 255 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé è ëàòåðàëüíîé îáëàñòåé øåè, Regiones cervicales anterior et lateralis; ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ è ïðåäòðàõåàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêè ôàñöèè óäàëåíû Vessels and nerves of the anterior and lateral regions of the neck, Regiones cervicales anterior et lateralis; the investing and pretracheal layers of the cervical fascia have been removed -./0. 1 2 (2 34. 5!6#+2 9:4;< *$*6!#$=> %7. )8*+2 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè Vessels and nerves of the neck @? - A'$%1!BC!8=<%1!& D? + * @ * ,* X #<H=CBC!8 >* ,* ; +.+ < 0#120#= >+.+? - +. <<%<' >+. 3.* ,* E-aF b#12T<H=CC9'E-aF 3 .* ,* E-aF +. <<%< >+. * @? - A'$%1!BC!8 <%1!& D? + * @.* ,* b#12T<H=CBC!8 @* ,* ? I=C J? * - .+ / 0#12' .+ 3 4Qe6 X9C9'4Qe6<''( Q 4Qe6 + , /<$! W * 3,* ? 4R556 <H=CC9'4R556 `* ? 4R556 @ . V$< T&#1 T228' <BC!8 > . 3 E-55F /< 9$!9'E-55F W E-55F 3 4R56 A%'C9'4R56 * 4R56 3 . [#C9=C#C9' J 3 4Qa6 X9C9'4Qa6<''( Q 4Qa6 + , - 7 8'' : 3 4Qf6 X9C9'4Qf6<''( Q 4Qf6 + , N G$02 ON * *? KL" > *? * N X9#'L 9&!& ,* KLM ' < > ,* * . V$< T&#1 T228' <''( > . + , -,* KLM ' <' > ,* K2L<M!9 ? * @ . ,* 7T<H=CBC!8 U. ,* ;,* c ' <0#= ),* ? N X9# 0 9&!& W N + , ) #'2# 'L 92'# Z , N ^ ! 'L2''( ) * + , @ g h8 ' <BC!8 ) g @ . ,* - 7T<H=C BC!8 0%1!& U. ,* + * ! "#$%&''( ) * + , + <&#1 >+ * -Y? N G$0B' ON Y? E -F E'L2!9 ' F E> * F 3, A d"B#(C9' W, @ <#2 BC!8 > Z+ Y? G 0#$&' 8B9'C 5 ++ Y? - + <&#1 ' >+ .. P%M2 Q .. * 3 ? 4R6 S#$0<1M 9'4R6 -? 4R6 @ . V$< T&#1 T228' <BC!8 > . - , 7#(<&0'$& Q , @ .Y W S#(!"$<BC!8&#1 2( W .Y , @ . [#"$<BC!8 W . @ A#(' <BC!8 D \-, . V$<&B #(C ' ), T . * Ðèñ. 256 2 345 5 3 65 4 !"# "$%&'() !($! $+*&"&'()",- '($! 1&( ,&1. ($1&%! &'()($"&, *#&1!(&*#17, !"# $ %& '' ()*+ ,*( '' Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè Vessels and nerves of the neck . E F V$< T&#1 T228' <''(E/C# F > . + ,EU *F @.* ,* b#12T<H=CBC!8 @* ,* 7 8' : * 3,* ? 4R556 <H=CC9'4R556 `* ? 4R556 - .+ / 0#12' .+ -Y? K$B' 5 Y? @ . V$< T&#1 T228' <BC!8 > . /C# U * W* . <&0BC!8! W* . 3.* ,* E-aF b#12T<H=CC9'E-aF 3 .* ,* E-aF 3 ? 4R6 S#$0<1M 9'4R6 -? 4R6 +. <<%< >+. * @ ]BBC!8"#'C > @? - A'$%1!BC!8 <%1!& D? + * ; +.+ < 0#120#= >+.+? /C# U * 3 4R56 A%'C9'4R56 * 4R56 N G$02 ON * 3*? ERF KL 9"C9'ERF > *? ERF K$2 5 * *? KL" > *? * ,* KLM ' < > ,* * @ . ,* - 7T<H=CBC!8'L%1!& U. ,* + * @ [C!8< B1M#&$ J 3 4Qi6 X9C9'4Qi6<''( Q 4Qi6 + , 3 4Qj6 X9C9'4Qj6<''( Q 4Qj6 + , E -F E'L2!9 ' F E> * F .. P%M2 Q .. * 3 4Qk6 X9C9'4Qk6<''( Q 4Qk6 + , EW N F X9#EX92# F EQ N F ,* G 0M ' < 5 ,* * @ . ,* - 7T<H=C BC!8 0%1!& U. ,* + * K2L<M!9 ? * ;,* c ' <0#= ),* ? + W + =' <='2( - + * + 3, A d"B#(C9' W, ) ,* c !9C92'# ),* ^ + <&#1 >+ * , K$"$< 5 , * -Y? K$B' 5 Y? G<# > * @ A#(' <BC!8 D W N + , W #'2# <&#1 2( Z , N N <BC! N* * -+ , , 7'#"#'' J + , , -Y? N G$0B' ON Y? -N <BC!' N* @ .Y W S#(!"$<BC!8&#1 2( W .Y , @ . [#"$<BC!8 W . - , 7#(<&0'$& Q , ? , . V$<&B #( ), T . * 2 !"#"$%&'() !($! $+*&"&'() ",- #. !/$ -./0. 1 2 (2 34. 5!6#+2 9:4;< *$*6!#$=> %7. )8*+2 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè è ïîäìûøêè Vessels and nerves of the neck and the axilla +. <<%< >+. * 3.* ,* E-aF b#12T<H=CC9'E-aF 3 .* ,* E-aF 3,* ? 4R556 <H=CC9'4R556 `* ? 4R556 N G$02 ON * K$2 5 * ;? E) *., F KL 9!9C9$=#Em B 2& 92'#F > ?? E>*., ^F @ . ,* - 7T<H=CBC!8'L%1!& U. ,* + * @ ,* V$< T<H=CBC!8 > ,* ,* KLM ' < > ,* * N EW N Fn X9#'L 9&!&EX92# Fn EQ N Fn @ ,*? G 0 9&2 &"#& 5 3 KL 9!9C92<C9' > @ ,* V$< TM ' <BC!8 > ,* E;? *., . .F EA%'C92 B 2& 9$=#F E * *., ?? F -,* KLM ' <' > ,* ,* G 0M ' < 5 ,* * ) ,* c !9C92'# ),* ^ + <&#1 >+ * ) , 3*? ERF hL K='C9"C9'ERF ) , *? ERF -,* G 0M ' <' 5 ,* 3 . E) *., F m< 9!9C92<C9' Em B 2& 92'#F @ E>*., ^F .. P%M2 Q .. * - + W + ='' <='2( - + + -Y? K$B' 5 Y? -+ , , 7'#"#'' J + , , @ .Y S#(!"$<BC!8 W .Y 7 8' : * 3 ? 4R6 S#$0<1M 9'4R6 -? 4R6 -Y? K$B' 5 Y? /C# U * . m28' <''( @ + , 3 . [#C9=C#C9' J 3 .Y S#(!9=C#C9' ; 3 4R56 A%'C9'4R56 * 4R56 ERF KL!92<''(ERF > + ,ERF K2L<M!9 ? * 3, A d"B#(C9' W, E -F E'L2!9 ' F E> * F ;? . . m< 9!9C9$=# @ ?? @ <#2 BC!8 > 3 G<#C9' > , K$"$< 5 , * G<# > * V VI VII VIII Q _#1 8 Q . E, . F l&B #(''( EV$<&B #( F .+ , E), T . *F @ A#(' <BC!8 D @ . ) [#"$<BC!8 2$L0 # W . N <BC! N* * , . V$<&B #( ), T . * - , 7#(<&0 '$& Q , Q 5 ]%5 +5 -Y? N G$0B' ON Y? 3 . [< #(C9"$<9' @ @ . [#"$<BC!8 W . - , 7#(<&0 '$& Q , \-, 7#(C"$<C ' J , * 3, ? A# C9"$<9' J ?, - , ? V$<<'C'C ), T ? 6 5 89 6 :;;;< 5 4= 6<2 !"#"$%&'() !($! $+*&"&'()",- !"#()!>* !$/$+*&" 8?)"710$:;;;*"#*,!(%"($! 0$!",)&'(),&$$.&"#*"+,$%*,! .*"! "$% @ .. E) *., F m< #(C'' Em B 2& 92'#F Q .. ?+ , E>*., ^F A 6 5 B C<5 2 0$!",)&''())/.&+ &! "$%DE;;F8 DE;;F8G"!(&1*,! /()*$&&( -N <BC!' N* 3 + , [0%T#'9' 5 + , 3, V$<2 9' ), W N + , W : . #'2# <&#1 2( B< #(C9$& Z , N . 148 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Âåíû øåè Veins of the neck V. submentalis Ïîäïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ âåíà Submental vein Glandula submandibularis Ïîäíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ æåëåçà Submandibular gland Prominentia laryngea Âûñòóï ãîðòàíè Laryngeal prominence V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein M. digastricus, Venter anterior Äâóáðþøíàÿ ìûøöà, ïåðåäíåå áðþøêî Digastric, anterior belly M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid M. hyoglossus Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Hyoglossus A. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Facial artery V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein V. retromandibularis Çàíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ âåíà Retromandibular vein V. submentalis Ïîäïîäáîðîäî÷íàÿ âåíà Submental vein M. stylohyoideus Øèëîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Stylohyoid N. hypoglossus [XII] Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein Glandula parotidea Îêîëîóøíàÿ æåëåçà Parotid gland V. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ âåíà Occipital vein V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein V. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ âåíà Superior thyroid vein V. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ âåíà Occipital vein V. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ âåíà Superior thyroid vein V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery Ansa cervicalis, Radix superior (Plexus cervicalis) * Øåéíàÿ ïåòëÿ, âåðõíèé êîðåøîê (Øåéíîå ñïëåòåíèå) * Ansa cervicalis, superior root (Cervical plexus) * M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein (V. cervicalis superficialis) (Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ øåéíàÿ âåíà) (Superficial cervical vein) V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein V. transversa colli Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ âåíà øåè Transverse cervical vein Isthmus glandulae thyroideae Ïåðåøååê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû Isthmus M. omohyoideus, Venter inferior Ëîïàòî÷íîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, íèæíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, inferior belly M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius M. omohyoideus Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Omohyoid V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein V. jugularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Anterior jugular vein V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major R. perforans (A. thoracica interna) Ïåðôîðèðóþùàÿ âåòâü (Âíóòðåííÿÿ ãðóäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ) Perforating branch (Internal thoracic artery) M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major V. thoracoacromialis Ãðóäîàêðîìèàëüíàÿ âåíà Thoraco-acromial vein R. cutaneus anterior pectoralis Ïåðåäíÿÿ êîæíàÿ ãðóäíàÿ âåòâü Anterior pectoral cutaneous branch Rr. perforantes (A.; V. thoracica interna) Ïåðôîðèðóþùèå âåòâè (Âíóòðåííèå ãðóäíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà) Perforating branches (Internal thoracic artery and vein) V. thyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ âåíà Inferior thyroid vein 124 V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein Arcus venosus jugularis ßðåìíàÿ âåíîçíàÿ äóãà Jugular venous arch M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid 260 254 Ðèñ. 259 Âåíû øåè, Collum Veins of the neck, Collum * Àíàòîìè÷åñêè ýòîò êîðåøîê îòâåòâëÿåòñÿ îò ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà [XII]. Anatomically this root branches off the hypoglossal nerve [XII]. -./0. 1 2 ( 2 45. 6!7#+2 :;5<= >*$*7!#$?@ 3 %8. )9*+2 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè è âåðõíåé àïåðòóðû ãðóäíîé êëåòêè Vessels and nerves of the neck and the upper thoracic aperture <( J"1$K $">6. / <( <(' *$">6.$K6. W(' -<( 8$ 5$.$K $">6. @-<( -& ' :12!.!345! ; -& ' , <( <( g15$ $">6. O<( <( ? ' :53$.! @ ? ', @ <( *$">6.#$45P W(& !!"!!#$ % &''( -('<( V!345$K $">6. ('<( X' ' LhM `6.N!LhM \ ' ,LhM +7 ' 81!5!1 9 ' ( 7 ' 81!! 9 ', X<(?' YZBB[ *$">6.N!YZBB[ W(?' ' ,YZBB[ !!"!!#$ % &''( I ' <( g15$1"NCD O<( ' 0' '? H#$3$2!3!6 S ' + <( ? A!CD15$1"5!1 / ? <( ( <( ? A!CD15$1"! / ? <( , X, YZ[ Q32"D1N!YZ[ ,YZ[ '- J"1$K#3.1.$K4$4!1" / '- 0' ' <( g15$1"2!3!6 O<( ' + , ' ;E ? L;E , ' M] =!N !53!C1N#$!$#L=!N$!4 3!5!1!M] + , ' ? LI , '?'E M] ) ' E F2!! GE ') ' , <( - f!"D15$1"! ' <( , S'E <( -? F! $!D15$1"$!4 3!5!1! e? <( ?'E X YZB[ $$.N!YZB[ + ( ,YZB[ X, YZ[ Q32"D1N!YZ[ ,YZ[ X?< 1TR3PN! S< , S'E & <' S ? ', ' *3!.!$!4 3!5!1! "#3.1..45P d <'?'E ? ', ' ? + , '' *$ !!.5!1!1 O , , ' ( , '' *$ !!.!!1 O , , ', -<( 8$ 5$.$K $">6. @-<( ) ' *!!"!! + ) ' , I', ' c3.1 I', ' + & ', *$"#3.1. 5!1 / & ', ( + & ',U ) ' E *$"#3.1.5!1U F2!! / & ', (U GE ') ' , & ', *$"#3.1.! / & ',, & ', *$"#3.1.! / & ',, & < ?<' E * 3!.!R$3$! ;< & < ?<' , ?<' 85!3P $"#$2!#1 I?<' , <( 7 F12D15$1"! B7 <( , I B b!$B ;&B ? ' -) Q$3PR" S ' -) < A5!R"! B ' < , & < ?<' 8! 3!.!R$3$! \7 & < ?<' , S Y+ [ A$4C$"D.45P$5 YA$4C$"D$5[ + , <(- A!514 O<(- , , ? A!C $3! / ? , , X, YZ[ Q32"D1N!YZ[ ,YZ[ X' ( LZM 8!N$65NR$5N!LZM \7 ' (' ,LZM ) ' A5!!! B ') ' , + -- UX' ( LZM HD4$5!1U8!N$65NR$5N!LZM I-- (U\7 ' (' ,LZM Ñîñóäû è íåðâû øåè, Collum, è âåðõíåé àïåðòóðû ãðóäíîé êëåòêè, Apertura thoracis superior Vessels and nerves of the neck, Collum, and the upper thoracic aperture, Apertura thoracis superior * Àíàòîìè÷åñêè ýòîò êîðåøîê îòâåòâëÿåòñÿ îò ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà [XII]. Anatomically this root branches off the hypoglossal nerve [XII]. 3 150 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II *+,-! ./0)$ X &-& ' *$"12!.!345!63 / &-& ' X? ? 7 ' *$!C$45!$#$3$!63 / ? 7 '? X & g!.N6!3 d X- f$4!1"!63 X7 ' 81!!63 9 ' X ) ' `!$K"N6!3 a ' !!"!!#$ % &''( X &- ' *$" $"$$"$.!63 / &- ' X ? ' :53$.!63 @ ? ' '- J"1$K#3.1.$K4$4!1" / '- X , ' ' ' X? 7 ? 85!3P!!N!63!C1!R3$#1!63 \ ' , ' ? ? ?' ? b!!R$3$ /?' ? -<( ? 8$ 5$.$K $">6.!C!!#$ @-<( ? &''( X , ' ' ' X ? 7 ' 85!3P!!N!63 $!C$45!63 \ ' , ' ? 7 ' X , ' ' ' X? 7 7 85!3P!!N!63121!R3$#1!63 \ ' , ' 7 ? ', ? ' i $"1D3$ 5# \, ? ' X ) '-<( `!$K3$ 5$.$K $">6.N6!3 a 'K-<( X YZB[ $$.N!YZB[ + ( ,YZB[ + -- HD4$5!1 I-- ( ) ' A5!!! B ') ' , X , ' ' ' X ? 7 7 85!3PN!NN6!3121NR3$#1N6!3 \ ' , '7 ? ' *!!"3!451. / ' 125, 126 ' ? :"3!451. / ' ? S'E & <' S ? ', ' *3!.!$!4 3!5!1!"#3.1..45P d <'?'E ? ', ' ? -<( 7 8$ 5$.$K $">6.12!!#$ @-<(7 &''( ' - f!"3!451. / ' - ?^ _ !1!1" O ?^ = 9!>8$!>8&!'! B<4 2 .0 ?@!'A 01/4. . ;01/4 ; .;. ; . ?@1 .2@0; 0; -./0. 1 2 ( 2 45. 6!7#+2 :;5<= >*$*7!#$?@ %8. )9*+2 1-"2 "3! # $ % &' (40$ % 4(#$&& $ 5# ;- ' -& ' LBBM c!!5PLBBM '-& ' & <LBBM ('<( =13$ $">6. / ('<( U+7 ' 81!!!15!1 9 ', ( 0' ' &-& ' *$"12!.!3452!3!6 / &-& ' ' X-('<( LhM V!345$K $">6.N!LhM X , -('<(LhM 0' '? H#$3$2!3!6 S ' -('<( V!345$K $">6. ('<( X<(?' YZBB[ *$">6.N!YZBB[ W(?' ' ,YZBB[ !!"!!#$ % &''( X YZB[ $$.N!YZB[ + ( ,YZB[ + , ' ;E ? =!N !53!C1N#$!$# + , ' ? <(' *$">6.$K6. W(' X, YZ[ Q32"D1N!YZ[ ,YZ[ X<(?' YZBB[ *$">6.N!YZBB[ W(?' ' ,YZBB[ ) ' E F2!! GE ') ' , +' ' `6.5!1 \ ' ( LO - M L*$!25$.$!4C$2131!M % LB - M '- J"1$K#3.1.$K 4$4!1" / '- ) ' A5!!! B ') ' , @ <( *$">6.#$45P W(& +' ' `6.5!1 \ ' ( + E F24$5!1 GE ' ( + <( ? A!CD15$1"5!1 / ? <( ( +' ( ? UX' ( ? LZM A!CR$55!1UA!C1NR$5N!LZM / ? ' (' (U/ ? ' (' ,LZM 78$ #$C!D'8'!E 0. ; 26 <3/. ; 3<0.22 . 50 IB I BB I BBB I B I I B I BB <1% 4% 12% 30% 35% 12% 5% 1% #!C"A>8FAG:: #D:#& H 6 0 3 <2. // .2 ; .2 21 2 0. 26 .06 2 32. 152 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery A. vertebralis, Pars intracranialis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, âíóòðè÷åðåïíàÿ ÷àñòü Vertebral artery, intracranial part A. vertebralis, Pars atlantica Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, àòëàíòîâàÿ ÷àñòü Vertebral artery, atlantic part A. vertebralis, Pars transversaria Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ïîïåðå÷íî-îòðîñòêîâàÿ ÷àñòü Vertebral artery, cervical part A. vertebralis, Pars prevertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ïðåäïîçâîíî÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Vertebral artery, prevertebral part A. cervicalis ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ascending cervical artery A. cervicalis profunda Ãëóáîêàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Deep cervical artery A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery Truncus costocervicalis Ðåáåðíî-øåéíûé ñòâîë Costocervical trunk Truncus thyrocervicalis Ùèòîøåéíûé ñòâîë Thyrocervical trunk Vertebra prominens [CVII] Âûñòóïàþùèé ïîçâîíîê [CVII] Vertebra prominens [CVII] A. thyroidea inferior Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior thyroid artery Vertebra thoracica [TI] Ãðóäíîé ïîçâîíîê [TI] Thoracic vertebra [TI] A. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery (A. scapularis descendens, Var.) (Íèñõîäÿùàÿ ëîïàòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ, âàðèàíò) (Descending scapular artery, var.) A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery A. intercostalis suprema Íàèâûñøàÿ ìåæðåáåðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Supreme intercostal artery A. suprascapularis Íàäëîïàòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Suprascapular artery Costa I Ðåáðî I Rib I A. intercostalis posterior II Çàäíÿÿ ìåæðåáåðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ II Posterior intercostal artery II Truncus brachiocephalicus Ïëå÷åãîëîâíîé ñòâîë Brachiocephalic trunk Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Manubrium sterni Ðóêîÿòêà ãðóäèíû Manubrium of sternum A. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Axillary artery A. thoracica interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ãðóäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Internal thoracic artery (A. cervicalis superficialis, Var.) (Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, âàðèàíò) (Superficial cervical artery, var.) A. intercostalis posterior I Çàäíÿÿ ìåæðåáåðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ I Posterior intercostal artery I Ðèñ. 264 Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ A. subclavia Subclavian artery 1 3 CI CII 1% CIV 2% CV 5% CVI 90% CVII 2% 2 5 6 5 6 CIII 2 2 1 3 1 3 4 5 6 7 7 7 8 30% 8 10% a c b 1 3 5 6 1 3 2 8 30% 1 3 2 2 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8% d Ðèñ. 265 Âàðèàíòû óðîâíÿ âõîæäåíèÿ ïîçâîíî÷íîé àðòåðèè, A. vertebralis, â ïîïåðå÷íûå îòâåðñòèÿ, Foramina transversaria Level of the entry of the vertebral artery, A. vertebralis, into the transverse foramina, Foramina transversaria 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 1% 8 4% e f Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ. A. vertebralis. Vertebral artery. Ùèòîøåéíûé ñòâîë. Truncus thyrocervicalis. Thyrocervical trunk. Íèæíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ. A. thyroidea inferior. Inferior thyroid artery. (Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ). (A. cervicalis superficialis). (Superficial cervical artery). Íàäëîïàòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ. A. suprascapularis. Suprascapular artery. Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ øåè. A. transversa colli. Transverse cervical artery. Ðåáåðíî-øåéíûé ñòâîë. Truncus costocervicalis. Costocervical trunk. Âíóòðåííÿÿ ãðóäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ. A. thoracica interna. Internal thoracic artery. Ðèñ. 266 af Âàðèàíòû îòõîæäåíèÿ âåòâåé ïîäêëþ÷è÷íîé àðòåðèè, A. subclavia Variations in the origins of the subclavian artery branches, A. subclavia Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II +,-., / 0& 0 56, 7!8)0 ;<6=> 3("(8!"?@ # 9, ':()0 ! "! # "$ % & ! ' % ())) * ) +, - . * - // -+ / O ' 6( ' [>* D3-N F ' 6( ' P C C % aE*! 8C C % = 0'' #6$ = ' \ C % 6( '6 [D ,. * >.-.3.* F#6$ = '56 (( C C % Y C %C '( ' >>*! , % %C '( C 6 O %C' $ Z*D3-NK*3 Y%C' $ " 748889 ].3.,748889 4 748889 / ' aE3.> , 8 ( 2 , ! " # $ O %C' % Z*D3-N- Y%C' % 8" ^$= ' Z_KD*!3. = \ C % %=% '67\ C % '69 ].2K>.*7G>3.*9 4 %=% C C %7F C C %9 O ' % >* D3-N F ' % 0'' '$ % :B. * F'$ %'5 0'' 6( ' [>. * O (( '5 " O ' $% % G>* D3-N F ' $% % "8 " " 0'' & % AE. * 8& %'5 "88 "888 " 74"889% ' ].3.,74"8893. , 4 74"889 $% % %66' I+< 4%66% % ( # 0'' =#% J-.3. * 0=#% '5 ' >,*; F' # " # ?^$= % @ ?Z+3 >_KD*!33@ ? %#$= @ 4% 8 1+8 P 8 `" $%&'( )*+,-.3 /$ # ( ^$= ' Z_KD*!3. = ' % ZK3 =%& % ' >,*;* ' `"=% :K>3 8 =% # ( ' $ *!* $ ' 0'' = %$= ' *K*. * L = %$= '5 " = %$= (H **K*33 P C= ( & = %$= " '$ % :B* F'$ % 1 2* 3 ) 4 5 678 9/:/999 2 +; 3 8 4 /&&& $ < !& $ !$ &%% !' .= !$>5 ? -'#!& 9/:/999 % <%.$ !$ #!$ .& .!!&@ <% 0 .!%.$ &@% $ !& H' = * * L = $ H' * A. vertebralis /$!%$% & % !%0% !#!$ $!!" A. vertebralis 123 43 1 154 Øåÿ Neck Ïîâåðõíîñòü òåëà, ñ. 32 Surface p. 32 Ñêåëåò, ò. II Skeleton Vol. II Øåÿ, ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç Neck, transverse section Platysma Ïîäêîæíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Platysma Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid M. thyrohyoideus Ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Thyrohyoid M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid M. omohyoideus Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Omohyoid A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery Cartilago cricoidea Ïåðñòíåâèäíûé õðÿù Cricoid cartilage Lig. vocale Ãîëîñîâàÿ ñâÿçêà Vocal ligament Recessus piriformis Ãðóøåâèäíûé êàðìàí Piriform fossa Cartilago arytenoidea ×åðïàëîâèäíûé õðÿù Arytenoid cartilage M. constrictor pharyngis inferior Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Inferior constrictor A. thyroidea superior Âåðõíÿÿ ùèòîâèäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior thyroid artery Truncus sympathicus Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë Sympathetic trunk M. longus colli Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà øåè Longus colli N. phrenicus Äèàôðàãìàëüíûé íåðâ Phrenic nerve N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] Nodi lymphoidei cervicales laterales, Nodi profundi superiores Ëàòåðàëüíûå øåéíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå óçëû, âåðõíèå ãëóáîêèå óçëû Lateral cervical lymph nodes, superior deep nodes V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein A. cervicalis ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ascending cervical artery M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein Ganglion cervicale medium Ñðåäíèé øåéíûé óçåë Middle cervical ganglion N. spinalis [C5] Cïèííîìîçãîâîé íåðâ [C5] Spinal nerve [C5] M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior A. vertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vertebral artery M. scalenus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius M. levator scapulae Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ ëîïàòêó Levator scapulae Spatium subarachnoideum Ïîäïàóòèííîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Subarachnoid space M. splenius cervicis et capitis Ðåìåííàÿ ìûøöà øåè è ãîëîâû Splenius cervicis and capitis M. semispinalis capitis Ïîëóîñòèñòàÿ ìûøöà ãîëîâû Semispinalis capitis Spatium epidurale;Plexus venosus vertebralis internus Ýïèäóðàëüíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî; Âíóòðåííåå ïîçâîíî÷íîå âåíîçíîå ñïëåòåíèå Epidural space; Internal vertebral venous plexus M. multifidus cervicis Ìíîãîðàçäåëüíàÿ ìûøöà øåè Multifidus cervicis M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius Vertebra cervicalis [CV], Corpus Øåéíûé ïîçâîíîê [CV], òåëî Cervical vertebra [CV], body 236 Periosteum Ïåðèîñò [Íàäêîñòíèöà] Periosteum Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord Dura mater spinalis Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Spinal dura mater M. spinalis Îñòèñòàÿ ìûøöà Spinalis Vertebra cervicalis [CIV], Proc. spinosus Øåéíûé ïîçâîíîê [CIV], îñòèñòûé îòðîñòîê Cervical vertebra [CIV], spinous process Ðèñ. 269 Øåÿ, Ñollum, ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå ãîëîñîâûõ ñêëàäîê Neck, Ñollum, transverse section at the level of the vocal folds +,-., / 0& 0 56, 7!8)0 ;<6=> 3("(8!"?@ # 9, ':()0 0 1 && !% 2 3.1 )) )+ O %=#% (' )>2>f3D3-N F%=#% ( O %=#% (' )>2<>D3-N F%=#% ( O % (%6 % (' )>2,*;2 N>D3-N F% (%6 % ( 8 =6' C (' =#% ( -,<>.E*3 8 =6' "=#% ( & % AE<> 8& %=#% ( g %$= C' <> g %$= C' "b'C' % >D %b'C' "=#% ( & % AE<> 8& %=#% ( ^ C' 7c9 0 = d*E>;<.7c9 kB " C' 7c9 0 = "b'C' :D 8 b'C' ^%(' #6$=% (' ^%(' $%&'(' & % e*!3.-.3.*D_ ,.* E.K*+,.* Y #6$=%( & %($%( O%6%=#% (' e2>f3D3-N g6%=#% ( "b'C' H AED iH b'C' 4 ' M*;N 4 % %66' I+< 4%66% % ( # O ' % >* D3-N F ' % ( `^$= ' : B><-.` Z_KD*!3. ( C #` = H' = * * L = $ H' O ' $% % G>* D3-N F ' $% % " " O ' 6( ' [>* D3-N F ' 6( ' O ' 6( ' [>* D3-N F ' 6( ' O %C' % Z*D3-N- Y%C' % 4% 8 1+8 P 8 ^ $ [DK. F$ O '$ $ ' A> D3-N F'$ $ ' " =% 7k894%$' )>.,7k89* 0=% 7089 %(# F $' e, F $' O(' $ =% 4.DKK> ! F$ %(=% $ " =% 7k89% $ % ' )>.,7k89 3. , 0=% 7089 $ %' $% O $l ' kN>D3-N 0 $l ' ^ #C' ' ?c@ :3.K3.?c@ P' #C ?c@ " # O % $' a3-N>D;<*, Y % $' A C 4 4 4 ) B.= C !$ &!& &.% $ %!& !$.%. !#!$ A 3 !"!"#$ Ðîòîâàÿ ïîëîñòü è ãëîòêà, îêîëîñðåäèííûé ñðåç Oral cavity and pharynx, paramedian section Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] Ìÿãêîå í¸áî [Í¸áíàÿ çàíàâåñêà] Soft palate Tonsilla pharyngea Ãëîòî÷íàÿ ìèíäàëèíà Pharyngeal tonsil Lig. hyoepiglotticum Ïîäúÿçû÷íî-íàäãîðòàííàÿ ñâÿçêà Hyo-epiglottic ligament M. constrictor pharyngis superior Âåðõíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Superior constrictor Epiglottis Íàäãîðòàííèê Epiglottis Maxilla Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Maxilla Os hyoideum Ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ êîñòü Hyoid bone M. constrictor pharyngis medius Ñðåäíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Middle constrictor M. orbicularis oris, Pars labialis Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ðòà, ãóáíàÿ ÷àñòü Orbicularis oris, labial part Cartilago thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíûé õðÿù Thyroid cartilage M. arytenoideus transversus Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ÷åðïàëîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Transverse arytenoid Dens incisivus I Ðåçåö I (ìåäèàëüíûé) Incisor tooth I (medial) M. constrictor pharyngis inferior Íèæíèé êîíñòðèêòîð ãëîòêè Inferior constrictor M. genioglossus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Genioglossus Lig. cricothyroideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ïåðñòíåùèòîâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Median cricothyroid ligament M. geniohyoideus Ïîäáîðîäî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Geniohyoid Cartilago cricoidea Ïåðñòíåâèäíûé õðÿù Cricoid cartilage M. mylohyoideus ×åëþñòíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Mylohyoid Lig. thyrohyoideum medianum Ñðåäèííàÿ ùèòîïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Median thyrohyoid ligament Glandula thyroidea Ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Thyroid gland Cartilagines tracheales Õðÿùè òðàõåè Tracheal cartilages Fascia cervicalis, Lamina superficialis Ôàñöèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Cervical fascia, investing layer Ðèñ. 271 Ëèöåâàÿ ÷àñòü ãîëîâû, Caput, è øåÿ, Ñollum; îêîëîñðåäèííûé ñðåç ãîëîâû íîâîðîæäåííîãî Facial part of the head, Caput, and neck, Collum; paramedian section through the head of a neonate Ðèñ. 272 Ñõåìà, èëëþñòðèðóþùàÿ âçàèìíîå ïîëîæåíèå êîðíÿ ÿçûêà, Radix linguae, è íàäãîðòàííèêà, Epiglottis, ó âçðîñëîãî Schema illustrating the distance between the root of the tongue, Radix linguae, and the epiglottis, Epiglottis Ðèñ. 273 Ñõåìà, äåìîíñòðèðóþùàÿ çíà÷èòåëüíî áîëåå âûñîêîå, ÷åì ó âçðîñëîãî, ïîëîæåíèå ãîðòàíè ó íîâîðîæäåííîãî Schema illustrating that the larynx in the neonate is positioned considerably higher than in the adult %& ' ()! # $ %& '() % . ! *+, -'"" / Ðåëüåôíàÿ àíàòîìèÿ Surface anatomy Thenar [Eminentia thenaris] Òåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà] Thenar eminence Pollex [Digitus primus] Áîëüøîé ïàëåö [I] Thumb Brachium, Regio brachii anterior Ïëå÷î, ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü Arm, anterior region Index [Digitus secundus] Óêàçàòåëüíûé ïàëåö [II] Index finger Palma [Vola]; Regio palmaris Ëàäîíü; Ëàäîííàÿ îáëàñòü Palm; Palmar region Digitus medius [tertius] Ñðåäíèé ïàëåö [III] Middle finger M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii Regio deltoidea, M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü, äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid region, deltoid M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis (Plica axillaris anterior) (Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ñêëàäêà) (Anterior axillary fold) Digitus anularis [quartus] Áåçûìÿííûé ïàëåö [IV] Ring finger Antebrachium, Regio antebrachii anterior Ïðåäïëå÷üå, ïåðåäíÿÿ îáëàñòü Forearm, anterior region Digitus minimus [quintus] Ìèçèíåö [V] Little finger M. triceps brachii Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Triceps brachii Regio axillaris, Fossa axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ îáëàñòü; Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ÿìêà Axillary region; Axillary fossa Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle Hypothenar [Eminentia hypothenaris] Ãèïîòåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå ìèçèíöà] Hypothenar eminence Ðèñ. 274 Âåðõíÿÿ êîíå÷íîñòü Membrum superius Upper limb Proc. styloideus (Radius) Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê (Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü) Styloid process (Radius) Dorsum manus Òûë êèñòè Dorsum of hand Regio brachii posterior Çàäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ïëå÷à Posterior region of arm Regio deltoidea, M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ îáëàñòü, äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid region, deltoid Pollex [Digitus primus] Áîëüøîé ïàëåö [I] Thumb Index [Digitus secundus] Óêàçàòåëüíûé ïàëåö [II] Index finger Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis Digitus medius [tertius] Ñðåäíèé ïàëåö [III] Middle finger Digitus anularis [quartus] Áåçûìÿííûé ïàëåö [IV] Ring finger Digitus minimus [quintus] Ìèçèíåö [V] Little finger (Plica axillaris posterior) (Çàäíÿÿ ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ñêëàäêà) (Posterior axillary fold) Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle M. latissimus dorsi Øèðî÷àéøàÿ ìûøöà ñïèíû Latissimus dorsi M. triceps brachii Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Triceps brachii Regio antebrachii posterior Çàäíÿÿ îáëàñòü ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Posterior region of forearm Proc. styloideus (Ulna) Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê (Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü) Styloid process (Ulna) Ðèñ. 275 Âåðõíÿÿ êîíå÷íîñòü Membrum superius Upper limb ? 4, 56-./ 7"" 8)9: *+,-./ .0 '12 @& B B) C %50. ' 8 (! *06+A '#!18D / 01 ,2'')!).$'-##'&3 R"! "! (92 R"! " R: " 5!" ;,.3- )8 F, 2,30 '!": " I!5 "! a,?0F I!5 "! \ "!!"! "! gF),,<F9223*30\"! "!h \ "! ; 2 -,3*30I " h ]! ; 2, \ M ; 2 -.F,30 M \ "! ! !" ; 2 *2 -,3*30M <! !"h \ "! "! ; 2 ,F0 -,3*30M < "!h \ "!! "!56!" ;),F3*2 ,F0 -,3*30'6!"! < "!h R % a,F,0 O"%i '!"%!% 5 P-,1,.230- )8 F, 2,30 T5!J 55"% [! a*2 -.F,30 [! \%! ;) ? 2 T! d"! a,F0 -.F,30 d"! \ "!! "! !" `30*2 ,F0 -,3*30!"! < "!h R!5 &4!!5 c?.30 &F,30?.30. e&3!5!"% #!!5 &4!!!5 ;.30 &?.30 F,30 #!!5 &!!5!" #! (30 M! Digiti manus, Ossa digitorum: '!"!656!" '!"!6 ! '!"!6 !" Ïàëüöû êèñòè, êîñòè ïàëüöåâ: ?),F3.f+ 3) ..f+ 30.f+ Fingers including thumb, phalanges: '6!"5!"!6 # "5!"!6 !"5!"!6 \ "!! !5!" a*2 ?.303*30eh \ "! !5!" R) ?.303*30# !5!"h \ "!!5!!5!" c?.30,<?.30 3*30- R!5!!5!"h \ "!!!55!"!:! ;.30,<f+,- 3*30- #!!55!"!:!"h \ "!5!"!:!! 56!" ;),F3 Vf+,- 3*30-F30 '6!"5!"!:!"hJ! \ "!5!"!:!! !" `30 Vf+,- 3*30-F30 !"5!"!:!"hJ! <0 94 =!!'" +7 $>'">'8 7$)', )( ?$)#, \ "! % a,F0 -,3*30O"%ih ;<= >1 8 *06 E9 Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography Ëîêîòü Elbow 159 Ñðåçû Sections Ïðåäïëå÷üå Forearm Êèñòü Hand Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Tuberculum conoideum Êîíóñîâèäíûé áóãîðîê Conoid tubercle Corpus claviculae Òåëî êëþ÷èöû Shaft of clavicle Extremitas acromialis Àêðîìèàëüíûé êîíåö Acromial end Extremitas sternalis Ãðóäèííûé êîíåö Sternal end Ðèñ. 277 Êëþ÷èöà, Ñlavicula; âèä ñâåðõó Clavicle, Ñlavicula; superior view Facies articularis acromialis Àêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Acromial facet Corpus claviculae Òåëî êëþ÷èöû Shaft of clavicle Extremitas sternalis Ãðóäèííûé êîíåö Sternal end Extremitas acromialis Àêðîìèàëüíûé êîíåö Acromial end Facies articularis sternalis Ãðóäèííàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Sternal facet Foramen nutricium Ïèòàòåëüíîå îòâåðñòèå Nutrient foramen Linea trapezoidea Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ëèíèÿ Trapezoid line Tuberculum conoideum Êîíóñîâèäíûé áóãîðîê Conoid tubercle Sulcus musculi subclavii Áîðîçäà ïîäêëþ÷è÷íîé ìûøöû Subclavian groove Impressio ligamenti costoclavicularis Âäàâëåíèå ðåáåðíî-êëþ÷è÷íîé ñâÿçêè Impression for costoclavicular ligament Ðèñ. 278 Êëþ÷èöà, Ñlavicula; âèä ñíèçó Clavicle, Ñlavicula; inferior view Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Discus articularis Ñóñòàâíîé äèñê Articular disc Lig. interclaviculare Ìåæêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Interclavicular ligament Lig. costoclaviculare Ðåáåðíî-êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Ñostoclavicular ligament Lig. costoclaviculare Ðåáåðíî-êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Ñostoclavicular ligament Capsula articularis Ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà Joint capsule Lig. sternoclaviculare anterius Ïåðåäíÿÿ ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Cartilago costalis I Ðåáåðíûé õðÿù I Costal cartilage I Manubrium sterni Ðóêîÿòêà ãðóäèíû Manubrium of sternum Symphysis manubriosternalis Ñèìôèç ðóêîÿòêè ãðóäèíû Manubriosternal joint Lig. sternocostale radiatum Ëó÷èñòàÿ ãðóäèíî-ðåáåðíàÿ ñâÿçêà Radiate sternocostal ligament Cartilago costalis II Ðåáåðíûé õðÿù II Costal cartilage II Ðèñ. 279 Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íûé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio sternoclavicularis; âèä ñïåðåäè Sternoclavicular joint, Articulatio sternoclavicularis; ventral view %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() Ëîïàòêà Scapula Incisura scapulae Âûðåçêà ëîïàòêè Suprascapular notch Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Margo superior Âåðõíèé êðàé Superior border Angulus superior Âåðõíèé óãîë Superior angle Tuberculum supraglenoidale Íàäñóñòàâíîé áóãîðîê Supraglenoid tubercle Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process Fossa supraspinata Íàäîñòíàÿ ÿìêà Supraspinous fossa Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Spina scapulae Îñòü ëîïàòêè Spine of scapula Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Angulus acromii Óãîë àêðîìèîíà Acromial angle Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Margo medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êðàé Medial border Angulus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé óãîë Lateral angle Tuberculum infraglenoidale Ïîäñóñòàâíîé áóãîðîê Infraglenoid tubercle Facies posterior Çàäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Posterior surface Facies costalis Ðåáåðíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Costal surface Collum scapulae Øåéêà ëîïàòêè Neck of scapula Margo lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé êðàé Lateral border Margo lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé êðàé Lateral border Fossa infraspinata Ïîäîñòíàÿ ÿìêà Infraspinous fossa Angulus inferior Íèæíèé óãîë Inferior angle Ðèñ. 281 Ëîïàòêà, Scapula; âèä c ëàòåðàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Scapula, Scapula; lateral view Ðèñ. 280 Ëîïàòêà, Scapula; âèä ñçàäè Scapula, Scapula; dorsal view Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process Incisura scapulae Âûðåçêà ëîïàòêè Suprascapular notch Facies articularis clavicularis Êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Ñlavicular facet Margo superior Âåðõíèé êðàé Superior border Fossa subscapularis Ïîäëîïàòî÷íàÿ ÿìêà Subscapular fossa Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Collum scapulae Øåéêà ëîïàòêè Neck of scapula Planum scapulare ** Articulatio acromioÏëîñêîñòü ëîïàòêè ** clavicularis Scapular plane ** Àêðîìèàëüíîêëþ÷è÷íûé ñóñòàâ Scapula Acromioclavicular joint Ëîïàòêà Scapula 60° Facies costalis Ðåáåðíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Costal surface Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Vertebra thoracica [TI] Ãðóäíîé ïîçâîíîê [TI] Thoracic vertebra [TI] Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Costa I Ðåáðî I Rib I 60° Sternum Ãðóäèíà Sternum Articulatio sternoclavicularis Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íûé ñóñòàâ Sternoclavicular joint Planum medianum * Ñðåäèííàÿ ïëîñêîñòü * Median plane * Ðèñ. 282 Ëîïàòêà, Scapula; âèä ñïåðåäè Scapula, Scapula; ventral view Ðèñ. 283 Ïîÿñ âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè, Cingulum pectorale; âèä ñâåðõó. Ðàçìåðû óãëîâ ñîîòâåòñòâóþò ñðåäíèì çíà÷åíèÿì ó âçðîñëîãî Shoulder girdle, Cingulum pectorale; superior view. The angles refer to the average relations in the adult * ** Ñðåäèííàÿ ïëîñêîñòü. Median plane. Ïëîñêîñòü ëîïàòêè. Scapular plane. 67897 :(;5; * + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 @ C'$ <7 %5>'?; A! D'2 B/ E2?) 0 1 F % S! 9''! W% - X < F %Y 6 #%3% K'L5(!8 5E/ >#%3% 0 # '8 ]' # #%I 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% 23% # K 5( )%% 3%% 0 F$ b('8 ]' 6$ #%I 0 3% " S'5' 5]( 5( 0% < $% % 3%% 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% 0 # '8 ]' # #%I 0 F$ b('8 ]' 6$ #%I 0 3% # S'5' ( 5( 0% < %% 3%% 0 1 F % c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` '!( a% # # < 2 F% F % \ 9''! 2 F% X < F %Y 6 #% # \E/ '!( '! : % < # #%% &) ' ! 89 23% # K 5( )%% 3%% Insertiones tendinum: d B, 1 1# e B, #< 1# f B, %% # 6 #%3% K'L5(!8 5E/ >#%3% Ìåñòà ïðèêðåïëåíèÿ ñóõîæèëèé: d / ]N e 9/ ]N f ( ]N 0 # '8 ]' # #%I 1 Insertions of tendons of: d 1 1# e #< 1# f %% # 0 1 F % S! 9''! W% - X < F %Y 2 3 &) ' ! 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% (* 89 :9 F %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() !"#$ h )$, % !j 8 !8E " #j $ %# # # )$, % .!!/ 8 !8E 0 $ %# B, 1 1# h 2%#4/ 8 ]Nh AL' 61 1# h %#- # 0 h [i% .Nh 'N 0 %h %#)$, %h )$, 1%l -% .!!/ 8 !8Eh 9'N'!/8 !8E 0 $ %#h 1%l - $ %# k ;# 7!8 6;# 3 )$, %h )$, # -% .!!/ 8 !8Eh '8 !8E 0 $ %#h # - $ %# + , -% .!!/ 0 - 1 % )$, F % % .!!/ 9''!8 !8E 0 F % $ %# )$, #% 1 % 1% D'A88 99''8 !8E 9 61% #%% 1 $ %# 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% ># 1 % D'E 9 61 1 # F B, 3 1 h 2%#=/9 8 ]Nh AL' 63 1 h %#- # k 3%#-#% 3 1 =/AL8 9/9 ]N 63%#-# 3 < 3 1 T $# %#-# #%3% K'L5(!' !(Z' >#%3% %#- # F% F B, 3%1 3 Fh 0 1 #$ ^!(!8 ]N 9'h /8 (! k%1 3 Fh #$ F% - 0 1 h )$$, $%# F % m n X1%Y n X %- Y n X#<%Y 7 !8 9h ! 9''!' !8Em n X!'A88Y n X'/88Y n XL88Y g # 1%h $%# F % $ %#m n X1% Y n X --%Y n X#<% Y 0 3% " S'5' 5]( 5( 0% < $% % 3%% 6 #%3% K'L5(!8 5E/ >#%3% XR%% i Y X=/]'' (5''Y XR%% i Y 0 3% # S'5' ( 5( 0% < %% 3%% 23% #< $%# - % =/ ! 5( >#< $%# - 3%% &) # * 3% )$, #% 1 % 1% D'A88 99''8 !8E 9 61% #%% 1 $ %# + , -% .!!/ 0 - 1 % 0 ;3% )$, F % % .!!/ 9''!8 !8E 0 F % $ %# 61# 1 % J 9 61#% < 1 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% 0 1 7 !8 9 g # 1% &) # * * ""- - " 0 ;3% %0 93 0 <3 9 67897 :(;5; * + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 @ C'$ G <7 %5>'?; A! D'2 B/ E2?) !"#$ )$, % 8 !8E $ %# # # 0 h [i% .Nh 'N 0 %h %#- )$, % .!!/ 8 !8E 0 $ %# B, 1 1# 4/ 8 ]N 61 1# 61# 1 % J 9 61#% < 1 B, #< 1# =/ 8 ]N >#< 1# B, %% # K8 (8 ]N 2%% # B, %1 3 Fh 0 1 #$ c'A(!8 ]N 9'h /8 (! 2%1 3 Fh #$ F% 0 1 7 !8 9 g # 1% W % =''!8 W % &) # * # # k 3 =/8 63 3 B, 1 1# M 4/ 8 ]N M 61 1# M 23% " \] 5( :% % 3%% B, #< 1# M =/ 8 ]N M >#< 1# M 0 ;3% B, 1 1# 4/ 8 ]N 61 1# )$, % .!!/ 8 !8E 0 $ %# + , -% .!!/ 0 - 1 % )$, F % % .!!/ 9''!8 !8E 0 F % $ %# B, 3 1 M =/9 8 ]N M 63 1 M B, %% # M K8 (8 ]N M 2%% # M T $# %#-# #%3% K'L5(!' !(Z' >#%3% %#- # F% F B, 3%1 3 Fh 0 1 #$ ^!(!8 ]N 9'h /8 (! k%1 3 Fh #$ F% B, 3 1 M =/9 8 ]N M 63 1 M &) # * =*+ >-)""$ "- ?5@ *(A ' -$BC = */ C- "$ -*/ -"A* ) ?-"A* D" '@ 0 ;3% % + 21%0 %0 9 %33 9E %0 ?5@ 49 %0 F %% 44 %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() Ïëå÷åâîé ñóñòàâ Shoulder joint Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Bursa subacromialis Ïîäàêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñóìêà Subacromial bursa Facies articularis clavicularis Êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Ñlavicular facet M. supraspinatus Íàäîñòíàÿ ìûøöà Supraspinatus Lig. coracohumerale Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ñâÿçêà Coracohumeral ligament M. biceps brachii, Caput longum, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, long head, tendon Labrum glenoidale Cóñòàâíàÿ ãóáà Glenoid labrum Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Caput humeri Ãîëîâêà ïëå÷åâîé êîñòè Head (of humerus) Vagina tendinis intertubercularis Ìåæáóãîðêîâîå âëàãàëèùå Intertubercular tendon sheath M. biceps brachii, Caput longum, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, long head, tendon Scapula Ëîïàòêà Scapula (Recessus axillaris) (Ïîäìûøå÷íîå óãëóáëåíèå) (Recessus axillaris) Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Ðèñ. 291 Ïëå÷åâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio humeri, cðåç â ïëîñêîñòè ëîïàòêè; âèä ñïåðåäè Shoulder joint, Articulatio humeri, section in the plane of the scapula; ventral view Lig. acromioclaviculare Àêðîìèàëüíî-êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Acromioclavicular ligament Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Lig. trapezoideum Tðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Trapezoid ligament Lig. conoideum Êîíè÷åñêàÿ ñâÿçêà Conoid ligament M. biceps brachii, Caput longum, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, long head, tendon Lig. coracoclaviculare Êëþâîâèäíîêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Coracoclavicular ligament Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Lig. coracoacromiale Êëþâîâèäíî-àêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Coraco-acromial ligament Labrum glenoidale * Cóñòàâíàÿ ãóáà * Glenoid labrum * M. triceps brachii, Caput longum Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, long head Ðèñ. 292 Ïëå÷åâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio humeri; âèä ñáîêó. Íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ó ìåñòà ñâîåãî íà÷àëà íà íàäñóñòàâíîì áóãîðêå ëîïàòêè ñóõîæèëèå äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à òåñíî ñâÿçàíî ñ ñóñòàâíîé ãóáîé Shoulder joint, Articulatio humeri; lateral view. Next to its origin at the supraglenoidal tubercle, the tendon of the biceps muscle is predominantly attached to the glenoid labrum * Ýòî ïðèâîäèò ê îáðàçîâàíèþ âîêðóã ñóñòàâíîé âïàäèíû ñâîåãî ðîäà âîðîòíèêà, ïîñòðîåííîãî èç âîëîêíèñòîãî õðÿùà. It forms a fibrocartilaginous collar around the glenoid cavity. 67897 :(;5; * + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 A D'$ @ <7 %5>'?; B! E'2 C/ F2?) Ïëå÷åâîé ñóñòàâ, ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ Shoulder joint, radiography 8# # # "# * 7(/%0(.%&''+,3- 8# # "# T 8# 7(/( 8# ! "# $%&' ! "# ) ## # * $%&(+,(-(-( ! # # ** ! : M(%(%'(,(- D I N: *L ! " * * A3- 6 # "B ! *# V,%(- W #X N*# 1 # T* U(%0=(,534(( 6 1 # 1 # N E(3-(,534(( R N 1 # 1 # * P%+,534(( ** 1 # 9 * G-%0+,, 1 F#* 1 # * P?534((5(( R 1 # *#* Articulatio humeri, ,44 , .,. -- !"Articulatio humeri@AB% 7%$ F#* 1 # *Y91# *1 #:; ! ; P?534((5((Y<34%/+=%'; %4(%(;3>(?% R 1 # *#*Y@# *1 #:; : ; 9 *;) *# "# * <%0-(/+=;%&'''-0 Z ;# "# 1 # T* U(%0=(,534(( 6 1 # 1 # * P%+,534(( ** 1 # 9 *;) * # * <%0-(/+=;(/%0'-0 Z ; # 9# # 1 #: * $%&((.%'/+= ! # 1 #: * ! : M(%(%'(,(- D I N: *L 1 !3-435 6 1 8# : ;! " * # * E%'(,3-;3-(%(-0 F: T ; # # "B ! " * * A3- 6 # "B 9 *;) ** * <%0-(/+=;(--'-0 Z ;* 9*1*# * E(%(-('/+= F1*# * 9 N * * E((-/+= R N * * F# G(- F# Articulatio humeri-C= , 4 -. D4EFGH., C,1 *I C , /E,-BFGH , !"Articulatio humeri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Ëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ Elbow joint Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle Capitulum humeri Ãîëîâêà ìûùåëêà ïëå÷åâîé êîñòè Ñapitulum (of humerus) Incisura trochlearis Áëîêîâèäíàÿ âûðåçêà Trochlear notch Circumferentia articularis Ñóñòàâíàÿ îêðóæíîñòü Articular circumference Collum radii Øåéêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Neck (of radius) Tuberositas radii Áóãðèñòîñòü ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Radial tuberosity Corpus radii, Facies anterior Òåëî ëó÷åâîé êîñòè, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Shaft (of radius), anterior surface Lig. anulare radii Êîëüöåâàÿ ñâÿçêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Anular ligament of radius Collum radii Øåéêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Epicondylus medialis Neck (of radius) Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon Trochlea humeri Áëîê ïëå÷åâîé êîñòè Bursa bicipitoradialis Trochlea (of humerus) Äâóãëàâîëó÷åâàÿ ñóìêà Bicipitoradial bursa Tuberositas radii Áóãðèñòîñòü ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Radial tuberosity Proc. coronoideus Âåíå÷íûé îòðîñòîê Coronoid process Incisura radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ âûðåçêà Radial notch Crista supraepicondylaris medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëêîâûé ãðåáåíü Medial supra-epicondylar ridge Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon Tuberositas ulnae Áóãðèñòîñòü ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Tuberosity of ulna Lig. collaterale ulnare, (Pars posterior) Ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà, (çàäíÿÿ ÷àñòü) Ulnar collateral ligament, (posterior part) Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Corpus ulnae, Facies anterior Òåëî ëîêòåâîé êîñòè, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Shaft (of ulna), anterior surface Tuberositas ulnae Áóãðèñòîñòü ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Tuberosity of ulna Lig. collaterale ulnare, (Pars anterior) Ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà, (ïåðåäíÿÿ ÷àñòü) Ulnar collateral ligament, (anterior part) Ðèñ. 302 Ëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio cubiti, â ïîëîæåíèè 90° ñãèáàíèÿ è 90° ñóïèíàöèè; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Elbow joint, Articulatio cubiti, in 90° flexion and 90° supination; medial view Ðèñ. 301 Ëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio cubiti; âèä ñïåðåäè Elbow joint, Articulatio cubiti; ventral view Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Capsula articularis, Membrana fibrosa Ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà, ôèáðîçíàÿ ìåìáðàíà Joint capsule, fibrous layer Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle Lig. collaterale radiale Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Radial collateral ligament Lig. anulare radii Êîëüöåâàÿ ñâÿçêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Anular ligament of radius Collum radii Øåéêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Neck (of radius) M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle Capsula articularis Ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà Joint capsule Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon Lig. collaterale ulnare Ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Ulnar collateral ligament Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Lig. collaterale radiale Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Radial collateral ligament Lig. anulare radii Êîëüöåâàÿ ñâÿçêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Anular ligament of radius Collum radii Øåéêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Neck (of radius) Chorda obliqua Êîñàÿ õîðäà Oblique cord Ðèñ. 303 Ëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio cubiti; âèä ñïåðåäè Elbow joint, Articulatio cubiti; ventral view Ðèñ. 304 Ëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio cubiti; âèä ñçàäè Elbow joint, Articulatio cubiti; dorsal view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e $1 '()* / $1 0 !<01 N3 ,& '()* + !' 8. 9 & " !1 A1# 49 3 S1##e O0#01 1 7 8. 9 ' -'() 9 + 3 &38 + 1#010$D Z` [ 6$#511 7 8. 9(49 8'(: 1$#51 6$#51101 3 9(49 8'(: F01$#51 ZZ Z $#0$0! <0 1 G3& (4+39 3! + & Q$#0$0! 1 Y0#$11$#? % .99(4 4 3 H&.= H + 6Y0#$11$#? a "$ 1 2 + 4. "$ 1C$D E F?$11011 3 9 H 1$11011?#0 ^ F?$11011# 3 9 H S1#$11011?#0 F?#1 G * H 4. I#11?#0$D D1Y$! <0$# 7()*(>&.= .! =: & M1Y$1! $$# Y0#$ 1e G3.4 4 3 H&.= H + 6Y0#$1e Q$$$#$ R 9 9(43 <$$#$$ <0 L 4. C$DE #0$ J+.9 3 O#0$ F?T0 G 83 9 H f01?#0 !"#$ % & '()* + !,-. . / !0#$# /0$1 % & ' /0$1 $#0$0! <01# G3& (4+39 3! & Q$#0$0! 1# Articulatio cubiti B% #.%/ Articulatio cubiti 0 "8 M$$1# d' &3 ;1#$#D$ c ] O1#e1# 23H8 &9 3 g$$eD$1##e <01 L '(: + 4. J01C$D E b \ _ _ "$02&3. 4.10$05 c Q$$$#$R 9 9(4 3<$$#$$ b "$ 1 2 + 4 ."$ 1C$D E a ;1#$# 43 ;1#$# Z` 6$#511 7 8. 9(49 8'(: 1$#51 ZZ <0$#51 17 8. 9(4 9 8'(: (4&3 = 9 1>$#51? Z <0$#51 101 3 9(4 9 8'(: (4&3 = 9 F01$#51? [ 6$#51101 3 9(49 8'(: F01$#51 \ <01 L '(: + 4. J01C$D E ] <0L 4 .C$DE ^ <$11@ 4 4 .ABC$DE Articulatio cubiti % %++ %)%) -- Articulatio cubiti A<=!?39 0 N3 ,& '()* + " <$ N + 4. O D0$D 1 '()* / 1 % & '()* + / Z [ M$$$#$ R 9 9 ' <$$#$D$ 0 !"#$ N3 ,& '()* + ! ,-. . " !0#$# h#0 J3 8.99 9 #01e# /0#$1# +8-9 ' O0#$$1#$# Z` \ a ] I 1 3 3. / 105 b c $#0$0 G3& (4+39 3 Q$#0$0 <e001 J 9 + I01e05 ^ _ A# J3 8.99(49 3 ##e S1# S1# "$ 1 2 + 4. "$ 1C$D E I1# 3 3. S1#05 I1 3 3. 105 Articulatio cubiti 8 ) #.%/ Articulatio cubiti "? "8 Z [ M$$1#d' & 3 ;1#$#D$ \ ;1#$# 43 ;1#$# ] P#0$ 12 .89 (3 H "$ 1#$0 ^ S1# S1# _ c <$11@ 4 4 .ABC$DE b <0L 4 .C$DE a Q$$$#$R 9 9(4 3<$$#$$ Z` M$$$#$R 9 9 ' <$$#$D$ Articulatio cubiti * + %)%) -- Articulatio cubiti !?39 + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 A D'$ G <7 %5>'?; B! E'2 C/ F2?) 23&& $ %& %(. ; $ 8 .89 O $ "1$ $ 2&3 8 .894. "1$D $ ;1#0 99 F#0 "1$0i 2&3.>3 + *.. "1C$D0iE ;0T0 N3 ,&3 99 "T0 ;D$ L3, .89 QD$ ;0i G>3 + *. "i ;0i$ N3 + *. .89 "i$ ;00 L <00 Q$051$$0PPP @. .89(43+94.PPP O051$$$D01PPP ; 0 G3k .89 0 ;0P 9 P 01P 1$ 0 G3k 3k .894. $$B$D 0 I J ;$ J ' .89( . O$$# II III IJ Q 1#Y$Y1 3.' 9 U 9& Q$Y1 1#Y /$0 j9 9. +94. /$D01 <$$0 N +94. O D0$D01 <0$0 L +94. $D01 / 1#? j9 9. U 9&. /$D 1#Y Q 1#Y01 %. 9 U 9& V01 1#Y <$ 1#? N U 9&. O D0$D 1#Y <0 1#? L U 9&. $D 1#Y Q 1#Y$Y1 3.' 9 U 9& Q$Y1 1#Y Q 1#Y J3 89U 9& 1 1#Y "$0 1#?01 2&3.8. 94U 9&. "$05$D01 1#Y Q 1#Y01 %. 9 U 9& V01 1#Y P PP PPP Ph h lQ$11YmV?0n2 )4+ *" lP#YmV?0#no H 9(4+ *P#YD#? lV?0m00nJ3 89.4+ *1D#? lV?0#1mT0n2 H('99(4+ *#?D#? lV?0#mT#0n7.H.9 *F001D#? C # %% %/ D" 0 9 9! 34 %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() Ñêåëåò êèñòè Skeleton of the hand Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Proc. styloideus radii Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Radial styloid process Os scaphoideum Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Scaphoid Os trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Trapezoid Tuberculum ossis trapezii Áóãîðîê êîñòè-òðàïåöèè Tubercle (of trapezium) Os trapezium Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ Trapezium Os metacarpi Ïÿñòíàÿ êîñòü Metacarpal Ossa sesamoidea Ñåñàìîâèäíûå êîñòè Sesamoid bones Caput ossis metacarpi Ãîëîâêà ïÿñòíîé êîñòè Head of metacarpal Phalanx proximalis Ïðîêñèìàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Proximal phalanx Os sesamoideum Ñåñàìîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sesamoid bone Phalanx distalis Äèñòàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Distal phalanx Caput ossis metacarpi Ãîëîâêà ïÿñòíîé êîñòè Head of metacarpal Corpus phalangis Òåëî ôàëàíãè Shaft of phalanx Caput phalangis Ãîëîâêà ôàëàíãè Head of phalanx Basis phalangis Îñíîâàíèå ôàëàíãè Base of phalanx Corpus phalangis Òåëî ôàëàíãè Shaft of phalanx Caput phalangis Ãîëîâêà ôàëàíãè Head of phalanx Phalanx distalis Äèñòàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Distal phalanx Tuberositas phalangis distalis Áóãðèñòîñòü äèñòàëüíîé ôàëàíãè Tuberosity of distal phalanx Os capitatum Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü Capitate Os lunatum Ïîëóëóííàÿ êîñòü Lunate Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Caput ulnae Ãîëîâêà ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Head (of ulna) Proc. styloideus ulnae Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Ulnar styloid process Os triquetrum Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü Triquetrum Os hamatum, Hamulus ossis hamati Êðþ÷êîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, êðþ÷îê Hamate, hook Ossa carpi Êîñòè çàïÿñòüÿ Carpal bones Ossa metacarpi IV Ïÿñòíûå êîñòè IV Metacarpals IV Os sesamoideum Ñåñàìîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sesamoid bone Ossa digitorum [Phalanges] Êîñòè ïàëüöåâ [Ôàëàíãè] Phalanges Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Caput ulnae Ãîëîâêà ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Head (of ulna) Proc. styloideus ulnae Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Ulnar styloid process Os triquetrum Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü Triquetrum Os pisiforme Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Pisiform Os capitatum Ðèñ. 314 Êîñòè êèñòè, Ossa manus; âèä ñ ëàäîííîé Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü Capitate ñòîðîíû Bones of the hand, Ossa manus; palmar view Os pisiforme Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Pisiform Os hamatum Êðþ÷êîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Hamate Basis ossis metacarpi Îñíîâàíèå ïÿñòíîé êîñòè Base of metacarpal Caput ossis metacarpi Ãîëîâêà ïÿñòíîé êîñòè Head of metacarpal Basis phalangis Îñíîâàíèå ôàëàíãè Base of phalanx Os lunatum Ïîëóëóííàÿ êîñòü Lunate Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Proc. styloideus radii Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Radial styloid process Os scaphoideum Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Scaphoid Os trapezium Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ Trapezium Articulatio carpometacarpalis pollicis * Çàïÿñòíî-ïÿñòíûé ñóñòàâ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè * Carpometacarpal joint of thumb * Os trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Trapezoid Os metacarpi I Ïÿñòíàÿ êîñòü I Metacarpal I Articulatio metacarpophalangea pollicis ** Ïÿñòíî-ôàëàíãîâûé ñóñòàâ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè ** Metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb ** Phalanx proximalis Ïðîêñèìàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Proximal phalanx Phalanx distalis Äèñòàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Distal phalanx Phalanx proximalis Ïðîêñèìàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Proximal phalanx Phalanx media Ñðåäíÿÿ ôàëàíãà Middle phalanx Ðèñ. 315 Êîñòè êèñòè, Ossa manus; âèä ñ òûëüíîé ñòîðîíû Bones of the hand, Ossa manus; dorsal view * ** Ñåäëîâèäíûé ñóñòàâ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà (1-é çàïÿñòíî-ïÿñòíûé ñóñòàâ). Saddle joint of the thumb. Ïðîêñèìàëüíûé ïÿñòíî-ôàëàíãîâûé ñóñòàâ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà. Proximal phalangeal joint of the thumb. Phalanx distalis Äèñòàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Distal phalanx Tuberositas phalangis distalis Áóãðèñòîñòü äèñòàëüíîé ôàëàíãè Tuberosity of distal phalanx 67897 :(;5; * + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 A D'$ @ <7 %5>'?; B! E'2 C/ F2?) 8 @(,),$(",$(,,,T(,)(, M /8 T 2 N,(",$>(E$,TE$,) '($)*+$," - ./ 0 (+$,"($) ,I*$)(( . S 2 S '($)(,I ,,%$( 01 . ',,%$( 7", 7", '($)*+$,"(",, - ./ 0 8 7",+$,"($) ,I*(",$)(( . 8 S 2 S '((",$)(,I ,I*)(,(", 8 S S 2 7",)(,I ,I*,$9 01 .>0;8 ',$9,I @(,),$)($)(,$,),T (,)(, B 2 >2 / CD5 2 ? T 2 ($)(E$,$%9FTE$,) S ,I*,$)( 01 .>2 S ',$)(,I ,I*)($)(( . S 2 >2 S '()($)(,I ), 8 , !$,9, :0;80;8 . !$$U$%9 ,II*)(,(, ./ 2 / S '()(,I $," O L ./ <$,"F$ ,II*(, ./ S '(,I ,II*)(,(\(($%" C 22 0 8/ 2 / S N(\()(,I &( 21 Articulationes et ligamenta manus ?" "> Articulationes et ligamenta manus !"# '($)*+$," - ./ 0 (+$,"($) ,II*,()(,"$(, 4// L [S 2 / S N$(,()(,I (,3( 40 150 6(,3( 9 :0;8 . ! ), 8 , ,II*)(,"$(, 4// 2 / S N$()(,I @(,),$)($9IT(,)( >J 5 / /T / 2/ H)($9IE$,TE$,) 7", 8 7", '($)*+$,"(",, - ./ 0 8 7",+$,"($) ,I*(",$)("$( 4/ S 2 S N$($)(,I )9$," . . <)9$," ,II*,()(,"$(, 4// L [S 2 / S N$(,()(,I (=$," 40 2 ? . 6(=$," ,II*)($)(,"$(, 4// S 2 >2 / S N$()($)(,I ,II*)$(, : 0 / S $(,I &( 21 Articulationes et ligamenta manus $ ?""> Articulationes et ligamenta manus !"# G %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() 8 7", 7", @(,),$(",$(,",, M /8 N,(",$>(E$, @(,),$(",$)(, 8 S 2 / `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c 5 a 1[ . 55 C CD52 ? 6",$99 $%%K$($,),$I '9K", O0 . J 5 H,""9K ,I*)$( : 0 S $(,I '9K",, M J 5 N,9K 920; + ( ) $*+, $- (C'0 H A >6" 78 "0 !"# &' '2', $-' !"# )( G"> 6" \,"(, : LS5 2 H"(+)\,+ @(,),$)($9IAT(,)(, >J 5 / AT 2 H)($9IE$,ATE$,) )(, H)( (,I$(,)(, 10 a @(,)()(,I '9K($K,, 0 L J 5 '($K,9K @(,),$)($9IT(,)(, >J 5 / T 2 H)($9IE$,TE$,) 6"$ O1[ 6"$ '(,$ 0 Xb . ? Y '(,$ '9K",, M J 5 N,9K 9I, J 5 !"$%9K @(,),$,(9I($K,,AAT(,)(, 0 L /L [J 5 / AAT 2 '($K,,(9IE$,$%9"AATE$,) @( , $- >"A" @(,),$,(9I",,AAA M /L [J 5 / AAA N,,(9IE$,$%9"AAA Q,9I, R J 5 Q$%9K '9K", O0 . J 5 H,""9K A+ $'1 G"> 6" % C'':I.20 + ( 34@""A I.A >6"34 %% C'':I.: $'J + ( 34@""A I. =" >6"34 %%% C'':I. $'J + ( 34@""A I. " >6"34 %(425 "##$ < %=>'? ! %&'() Çàïÿñòüå, ðåíòãåíîãðàôèÿ Wrist, radiography Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Proc. styloideus ulnae Øèëîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê ëîêòåâîé êîñòè Ulnar styloid process Os lunatum Ïîëóëóííàÿ êîñòü Lunate Os pisiforme Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Pisiform Os triquetrum Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü Triquetrum Os capitatum Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü Capitate Hamulus ossis hamati Êðþ÷îê êðþ÷êîâèäíîé êîñòè Hook of hamate Ossa metacarpi Ïÿñòíûå êîñòè Metacarpals Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Tuberculum ossis scaphoidei Áóãîðîê ëàäüåâèäíîé êîñòè Tubercle of scaphoid Os trapezium Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ Trapezium Os trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Trapezoid Basis ossis metacarpi II Îñíîâàíèå ïÿñòíîé êîñòè II Base of metacarpal II Ossa sesamoidea Ñåñàìîâèäíûå êîñòè Sesamoid bones Phalanx proximalis Ïðîêñèìàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Proximal phalanx Phalanx media Ñðåäíÿÿ ôàëàíãà Middle phalanx Phalanx distalis Äèñòàëüíàÿ ôàëàíãà Distal phalanx Ðèñ. 324 Êèñòü, Manus; çàäíåïåðåäíÿÿ ðåíòãåíîãðàììà. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå, ÷òî ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü ïðîåöèðóåòñÿ íà òðåõãðàííóþ Hand, Manus; PA-radiograph. Note: the pisiform bone is projected onto the triquetral bone Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius 4 2 3 1 8 7 6 5 Ðèñ. 325 Ïðèâåäåíèå (ëîêòåâîå îòâåäåíèå) êèñòè; ðèñóíîê ñ çàäíåïåðåäíåé ðåíòãåíîãðàììû Ulnar abduction of hand; schema of a PA-radiograph Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna 1 Os scaphoideum Ëàäüåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Scaphoid 2 Os lunatum Ïîëóëóííàÿ êîñòü Lunate 3 Os triquetrum Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü Triquetrum 4 Os pisiforme Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Pisiform 5 Os trapezium Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ Trapezium 6 Os trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Trapezoid 7 Os capitatum Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü Capitate 8 Os hamatum Êðþ÷êîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Hamate Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius 2 1 3 5 4 7 6 8 Ðèñ. 326 Îòâåäåíèå (ëó÷åâîå îòâåäåíèå) êèñòè; ðèñóíîê ñ çàäíåïåðåäíåé ðåíòãåíîãðàììû Radial abduction of hand; schema of a PA-radiograph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fU] 7^ 8$) ! C"^< U1,,! , 'fU]/ H )8 i%/ $ ! ; [! ! $) -%/] 4'f 7^ $)8 C"^< 5'f 46%6/U-%6] C"^< ; , U$ 8 >%6/U// Y' E$ !!"#! $ 4] i6 Z ! ; [! ! $) >] H )8 46%6/ C"^< ; , >%6/ ( , 46/ C"^< >/ Y'U Y6/ Z"^ ,!:[!"#! $ U $ !"# [!"#! $ ;$ ; , 4]U ]33' b%'6%6/ h;! $V )8 #C"^<"; , >%% i'6 E$ !! ! 46] YUJ%3 ), #! $ U; $A! ! J]U%36/ 46/U5 ( , ), C"^< U)A[ >/U Y 6/' Z !"#[!"# ! $ ;$ ; , 4 ]33' 4 H ! C"^< I F%% @ ; F%3% 4 H ! C"^< I 4%9 =$ ; < ! C"^< 5%9 `3] ( 1,,! C ?3]3 -] 01,< -] 4%6/U-% =$ A8 C"^< ; , U $ ! 8 5%6/U/ Y6/ Z [$ \ $!:; , #! $ ?6/] F%''6/ $ ! C [C"^ ,! ; $ 8$ ; , *'%'3' Y6/' Z !"#[!"#! $ ; , 4]3' Y6/% g !#[!"#! $ ; , ]3' 4%6/U -%a' =$ A8 C"^< ; , U !! 8 5%6/U a/ Y 6/' Z !"#[!"#! $ ;$ ; , 4] 33' 46%6/ H )8 C"^< ; , >%6/ Y6/% g !#[!"#! $ ;$ ; , ]33' 4%6/ 4%6/U =$ A8 C"^< ; , -%' 5%6/ =$ A8 C"^< ; , U C ! 8 5%6/U'/ F%'' & 6/' # $ Z ! C [C"^ ,! & ; $ 8$ ; , 4'%' 3' >6 ; [! )C F66 W%' 4 Z !"#! C"_ C"^< 4% b 43B% ), #8\ V ; `B% 4%'a H!! !! C"^< 'a 43B% #8\ V ; `B% J'''3B' j $[ C"^<:8\ # `B' b%%' !!"# ;! $V '% H ; = = I 05' (1-+.18.J(& 0*.5-(1-+.7**.&8'23 46/ ( , ), C"^< >/ W% $ !"#! C"_ *% 4B%a H!!"#), #$ V8\ V ; WB%a 4Ba' c V8\ ; < WBa' 4B%6] 0$ #), #$ V8\ V ; WB%6] 43B% #8\ V ; `B% 46%a H!! C"^< U _ \^#; < b6%a 4B% #$ V8\ V ; WB% 4B%6] 0$ #$ V8\ \^8; < WB%6] 4Ba'' c V8\ CV!< WBa'' -%U + # U^ !"# $ # .d3eU% J' ''B' j $[ C"^<:$ V8\ # WB' 4'B%U5 ), " $ V8\ V ; U)A[ WB%U H!!"#$ V8\ 4B%aU5 \^8; < U)A[ WB%aU H ; = = I 05' (1-+..J-.!0(& 0*.5-(1-+.7**.&8'23 + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 A! D'2 G <7 %5>'?; B/ E2?) 012&1 ' ( ) * 3.," - . "#/ 4%9 =$ ; < ! C"^< 5%9 b' h$C! b' 4' +$) !:1,,!:< ! C"^< F' -] 01,< -] F%% @ ; F%3% 4%'f 7^ 8$) ! C"^< 'f 4 H ! C"^< I 4%9 =$ ; < ! C"^< 5%9 `3% ( ! D < ?3%3 4' Z $)8 C"^< 5' 4%'fU6' 7^ 8$) ! C"^< U\$1^! , 'fU6'% 4'f 7^ $)8 C"^< 5'f 4%6/U-%a' C"^< ; , U !! 8 5%6/Ua/ =$ A8 4 ( $ ! V)\, C"^< F b c \ $! )8 -'al-/m ia'6'U*' n 8 _ ;$ C#C"^<"[ U; $ ! ; ! J//U 4%6/U-% C"^< ; , U $ ! 8 5%6/U/ =$ A8 4' $, #^ C"^< ;!" *' =$ A8 46GB6' k $)[! C"^< [ WB6G 4%6/U5 C"^< ; , U)A[ 5%6/U 46/ ( , C"^< >/ F%''6/ $ ! C [C"^ ,! ; $ 8$ ; , *'%'3' =$ A8 4% 0$)8"#;$! $ 4%6/U-%' C"^< ; , UC ! 8 5%6/U'/ W% $ !"#! C"_ *% & # $ & 4 C"^%6/ J J 4Ba'U5 c V8\ ; < U)A[ WBa'U J'''B' j $[ C"^<:$ V8\ # WB' 4' ="!" C [ !" C"^<" I 46/ ( , ), C"^< >/ 4B%a H!!"#), #$ V8\ V ; WB%a 4B%6] 0$ #), #$ V8\ V ; WB%6] 43B% ), #8\ V ; `B% 43B%a H!!"#8\ \^8; < `B%a 46%a H!! C"^L> = M = L N7058.0(1-+.7**.&8'23-+(& J !"-+.'!1.&'(&&.)'(!(1-+.!.5O 0 HI0 JF "$ #2 *-869 ! '(() Ìûøöû âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of the upper limb Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Clavicula Êëþ÷èöà Clavicle M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus M. flexor digitorum superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum superficialis M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris Thenar [Eminentia thenaris] Òåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà] Thenar eminence Retinaculum musculorum flexorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ñãèáàòåëåé Flexor retinaculum Hypothenar [Eminentia hypothenaris] Ãèïîòåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå ìèçèíöà] Hypothenar eminence Vagina tendinis Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ Tendon sheath M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendines Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendons M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendines Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum profundus, tendons Ðèñ. 334 Ïåðåäíèå ìûøöû âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of the flexor aspect of the upper limb @ # *AB,C "# $%& *+,-. :;<=; >-?9? "# / 0&1 234 ,,56+7 " D&# F,6 @ !; *9B,C? E4 G6C. Ìûøöû âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of the upper limb O0 P=!% $ O0 V M!,- -+ #$%& JV 55 *- 2+ #$%& N5 030 /#72$%& U030 0 T =!" %& J0 =!" %& J 5 R ! 1%&7, $& S5 () M!-< +%&, - J() ()5 / - - " -+%& .)5 00 6=2-+%& O00 4050; * $$&1 " -+1!9 82- 9,72 E4050; 405( !2= 1 " -+1!9 82- 9,72 E405( 405; Q9 82- , -+ E405; 400 6=2-+1!9 82- 9,72 E400 05 M& $&-%-@=72$&-%&& N0 Çàäíèå ìûøöû âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Muscles of the extensor aspect of the upper limb "$ #2 *-869 ! '(() @ # *AB,C "# $%& *+,-. "#$"%& ' O0 P=!% $ O0 !"#$%& ' 0 T !"#$%& '0 T&I,#$ % L ,2=" S 05 _!-#$ -72$ $%& W05 00 /-!-#$ -72$ $%& W00 0 `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a.()b 0 a"%== ++ #$A, - -+1%&&b a.3()b T !"#$%& '0 (()I( *+" +%&, - I=!2= += .()I))5 () ++ #$A, - -+%& () 55 *- 2+ #$%& N5 !"#$%& ' K;00500( T-@8" !=+-+ LU0(050)) 5IJ05 R ! 1%&7, $&I7"<@ S5I050 (()I0; *+" +%&, - I# $$ += .()I0;)5 (()I( *+" +%&, - I=!2= += .()I))5 ()I M!-< +%&, - I 2-! $ += J()I)5 () ++ #$A, - -+%& () '5 ++ #$&12!72= 5 + *=- S;IS;V5 ++ #$A= $7+9=I2!,- -+ #$7+9= ;0IV5;0 V M!,- -+ #$%& JV ( /#= $%& S;IS;05 W( ++ #$A= $7+9=I=$ -7=7+9= ;0I05;0 T&I,#$ % L ,2=" S )C5IK003 6,2 $A,#Y9& $%&I$ @$--8! = Z)C5I03(C )(50 T !%8+ #$%& >)(50 0 /-!-#$9"8 2%& W0 0 X#72$%& W0 S;0 H-!<$,,-!- $7+9= ,2= W0;0 ( /# ,2 $%& W( )(5 !%8+ #$%& >)(5 ;5 ] T-# $&1=!1 ,2= 5(53 ]] =!" %& J Ia>4b 0 _"72+$=,7" Ia/#%&$-" "8 -$ -b ()I0; /-!-#$9"8 2%& c0Ia>4b M!-< +%&, - I W0 # $$ += J()I0;)5 > * C: !(:$: >D( !D#E A @H B0@Foramen trilaterumBISpatium axillare medialeJ0@F #!(;! "!B0 AA @K B0@Foramen quadrilaterumB ISpatium axillare lateraleJ0@L!: !(;! "!B0 )C5IK003 6,2 $A,#Y9& $%&I$ @$--8! = Z)C5I03(C O0 P=!% $ O0 T&I,#$ % L ,2=" S O0; H-!<$ 1" ,2= W0;3 .(55 /##- 2+ #$7"%= W(55( 55 *- 2+ #$%& N5 )(50 T !%8+ #$%& >)(50 0 X#72$%& W0 V M!,- -+ #$%& JV W0 \72 ,2= W03 )(5 !%8+ #$%& >)(5 030 /#72$%& U030 0 T =!" %& J0 BI); / - -+=72I< !"! -7=-1= BI;0d O)I / - -+17"72+I7"72+$=,7" W)50I0 ] =!" %& J O0;03 X @$ 1" ,2= U030;3 5 R ! 1%&7, $& S5 0 /-!-#$9"8 2%& W0 + *=- ]] ()I M!-< +%&, - I 2-! $ += J()I)5 ()I0; M!-< +%&, - I# $$ += J()I0;)5 > 7' C: !(:$: >: !D#E A @H B0@Foramen trilaterumB ISpatium axillare medialeJ0@F #!(;! "!B0 AA @K B0@Foramen quadrilaterumB ISpatium axillare lateraleJ0@L!: !(;! "!B0 !# "1 ),758 &''( ? " )@A+B !" #$% )*+,- Ìûøöû ïëå÷åâîãî ïîÿñà Muscles of the shoulder Lig. coracoacromiale Êëþâîâèäíî-àêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Coraco-acromial ligament Lig. acromioclaviculare Àêðîìèàëüíî-êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ñâÿçêà Acromioclavicular ligament M. biceps brachii, Caput longum, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, long head, tendon Lig. trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ñâÿçêà Trapezoid ligament Bursa subacromialis Ïîäàêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñóìêà Subacromial bursa Lig. coracohumerale Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ñâÿçêà Coracohumeral ligament M. supraspinatus * Íàäîñòíàÿ ìûøöà * Supraspinatus * Lig. conoideum Êîíè÷åñêàÿ ñâÿçêà Ñonoid ligament M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid Fascia pectoralis Ãðóäíàÿ ôàñöèÿ Pectoral fascia Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Fascia pectoralis, (Hiatus venae cephalicae) Ãðóäíàÿ ôàñöèÿ, (Ùåëü ëàòåðàëüíîé ïîäêîæíîé âåíû ðóêè) Pectoral fascia, (Hiatus for cephalic vein) Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process (Bursa musculi coracobrachialis) (Cóìêà êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâîé ìûøöû) (Bursa of coracobrachialis) M. infraspinatus * Ïîäîñòíàÿ ìûøöà * Infraspinatus * Bursa subtendinea musculi subscapularis Ïîäñóõîæèëüíàÿ ñóìêà ïîäëîïàòî÷íîé ìûøöû Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis Capsula articularis Ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà Joint capsule M. coracobrachialis Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Coracobrachialis M. teres minor * Ìàëàÿ êðóãëàÿ ìûøöà * Teres minor * Cavitas glenoidalis Ñóñòàâíàÿ âïàäèíà Glenoid cavity Labrum glenoidale Cóñòàâíàÿ ãóáà Glenoid labrum M. biceps brachii, Caput breve Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, êîðîòêàÿ ãîëîâêà Biceps brachii, short head M. subscapularis * Ïîäëîïàòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà * Subscapularis * M. triceps brachii, Caput longum Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, long head Ðèñ. 340 Ïëå÷åâîé ñóñòàâ, Articulatio humeri; âèä ñáîêó. Îòìå÷åííûå çíàêîì (*) ñóõîæèëèÿ ìûøö îáðàçóþò â öåëîì òàê íàçûâàåìóþ ìàíæåòêó ïëå÷à (ìàíæåòêó âðàùåíèÿ) Shoulder joint, Articulatio humeri; lateral view. Together, the muscle tendons marked with (*) form the so-called rotator cuff Lig. coracoacromiale Êëþâîâèäíî-àêðîìèàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Coraco-acromial ligament Acromion Àêðîìèîí Acromion Proc. coracoideus Êëþâîâèäíûé îòðîñòîê Coracoid process M. supraspinatus Íàäîñòíàÿ ìûøöà Supraspinatus M. infraspinatus Ïîäîñòíàÿ ìûøöà Infraspinatus Tuberculum majus Áîëüøîé áóãîðîê Greater tubercle M. subscapularis Ïîäëîïàòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Subscapularis M. teres minor Ìàëàÿ êðóãëàÿ ìûøöà Teres minor M. biceps brachii, Caput longum, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, long head, tendon Humerus, Corpus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü, òåëî Humerus, shaft Ðèñ. 341 Ìûøöû òàê íàçûâàåìîé ìàíæåòêè âðàùåíèÿ ïëå÷à; âèä ñáîêó Muscles of so-called rotator cuff; lateral view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Ðèñ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`+ (9+% (9 &' + 2 *Z 4 ) *]' Y0 !#/"#$7"*1 / 716*01 3+ 2 * 4 ) *,' &'+ () *)+ (2 ( H0I./"#$ *6/. D () * (2 (2 ;()+ 9+( ( (2 ( C6/K"# /0.0 &(2 9+( ()+ % &'+ () a&'+ + H0I./"#$ aA71/"#$1/ D () a>+ + &'+ () H0I./"#$ D () &'+ () *)+ +( ( H0I./"#$ *106/. D () * +( (2 &' 2 : /"#$ 2 ;()+ 9+( ( +( ( W106/K"# /0.0 3+( 9+( ()+ % &'(U+(9 ) 2 94 -"! !08.G168/716/ VU+(9 ) 2 94 V) 92F +( W106"!"X 3+( () 92F ( V) 92F (2 C6"!"X &(2 () 92F ( &'(U+(9 ) 2 (, 501! !08.G168/716/ VU+(9 ) 2 (, & '% (U (*)+ 9( C"#$"7.G1*GX/. M (U (* 9(2 &'9 9( W1/"#$ >9 9( &'(U+(9 2 4 + \8.G166$ VU+(9 2 4 + &'(U+(9 ) 9 W1!08.G168/716/ VU+(9 ) 9 Ðèñ. 344 B $""$ ! #! $ $ CC ! D-/6/08 20+ /08,-1/(08 (; 1', 7)89*,8 21 1', 9*23/9*, 1', 892@)*2 20+ 1', ')7,-)8 28 4,** 28 )*02- (-/6/08 (; 7)*1/<',2+ 7)89*,8 FG "$ #2 *-869 ! '(() @ # *AB,C "# $%& *+,-. Ìûøöû ïëå÷à Muscles of the arm Pars clavicularis Êëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Clavicular part Caput laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Lateral head Caput longum Äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Long head Pars acromialis Àêðîìèàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Acromial part Caput mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Medial head Pars spinalis Îñòèñòàÿ ÷àñòü Spinal part Ðèñ. 345 Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà M. deltoideus Deltoid muscle Ðèñ. 346 Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à M. triceps brachii Triceps brachii M. coracobrachialis Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Coracobrachialis Caput longum Äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Long head Caput breve Êîðîòêàÿ ãîëîâêà Short head M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis Ðèñ. 347 Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à M. biceps brachii Biceps brachii Ðèñ. 348 Ïëå÷åâàÿ è êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöû Mm. brachialis et coracobrachialis Brachialis and coracobrachialis :;<=; >-?9? "# / 0&1 234 ,,56+7 " D&# F,6 @ !; *9B,C? E4 G6C. Ìûøöû ïëå÷à Muscles of the arm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Ìûøöû ïëå÷à Muscles of the arm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Ìûøöû ïëå÷à Muscles of the arm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Íà÷àëà è ïðèêðåïëåíèÿ ïåðåäíåé ãðóïïû ìûøö ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Origins and insertions of the ventral muscles of the forearm M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus M. articularis cubiti Cóñòàâíàÿ ìûøöà ëîêòÿ Articularis cubiti M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. pronator teres, Caput humerale Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ïëå÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Pronator teres, humeral head M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Caput humerale Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ïëå÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral head M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Caput humeroulnare Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ïëå÷åëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor digitorum superficialis, humero-ulnar head M. pronator teres, Caput ulnare Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Pronator teres, ulnar head M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Caput radiale Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ëó÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor digitorum superficialis, radial head M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis longus M. flexor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis longus Chorda obliqua Êîñàÿ õîðäà Oblique cord M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Caput ulnare Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnar head Membrana interossea antebrachii Ìåæêîñòíàÿ ïåðåïîíêà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Interosseous membrane of forearm M. flexor digitorum profundus Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum profundus M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis Ðèñ. 352 Íà÷àëà è ïðèêðåïëåíèÿ ìûøö íà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè, Radius, ëîêòåâîé êîñòè, Ulna, è äèñòàëüíîé ÷àñòè ïëå÷åâîé êîñòè, Humerus Origins and insertions of the muscles at the radius, Radius, the ulna, Ulna, and the distal part of the humerus, Humerus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Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus Mm. flexores, Caput commune Ìûøöû-ñãèáàòåëè, îáùàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor muscles, common head M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. flexor digitorum superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum superficialis M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. flexor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis longus M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus M. abductor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Abductor pollicis longus, tendon M. brachioradialis, Tendo Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Brachioradialis, tendon M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi radialis, tendon M. palmaris longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Palmaris longus, tendon Ðèñ. 359 Ïåðåäíÿÿ ãðóïïà ìûøö ïðåäïëå÷üÿ; ñðåäíèé ñëîé ïîñëå ÷àñòè÷íîãî óäàëåíèÿ êðóãëîãî ïðîíàòîðà è ëó÷åâîãî ñãèáàòåëÿ çàïÿñòüÿ Muscles of the forearm, flexor aspect; middle layer after section of the pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis muscles ? " )@A+B !" #$% )*+,- 9:;<: =,>8> !" . Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography Ïðåäïëå÷üå Forearm 197 Ñðåçû Sections Êèñòü Hand Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis Caput radii Ãîëîâêà ëó÷åâîé êîñòè Head (of radius) Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. pronator teres, Caput ulnare Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Pronator teres, ulnar head M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon Mm. flexores, Caput commune Ìûøöû-ñãèáàòåëè, îáùàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor muscles, common head M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator A.; V. interossea posterior Çàäíèå ìåæêîñòíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Posterior interosseous artery and vein Radius, Facies anterior Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Radius, anterior surface M. flexor digitorum profundus Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum profundus M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. flexor pollicis longus, Caput humerale (Var.) Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ïëå÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà (âàðèàíò) Flexor pollicis longus, humeral head (var.) M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. flexor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis longus M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Caput radiale Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ëó÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Flexor digitorum superficialis, radial head M. flexor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor pollicis longus, tendon M. brachioradialis, Tendo Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Brachioradialis, tendon M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus Radius, Facies anterior Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Radius, anterior surface M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi radialis, tendon M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendines Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum profundus, tendons M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendines Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendons M. palmaris longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Palmaris longus, tendon Ðèñ. 360 Ïåðåäíÿÿ ãðóïïà ìûøö ïðåäïëå÷üÿ; ãëóáîêèé ñëîé Muscles of the forearm, flexor aspect; deep layer T 32 H !# "1 ),758 &''( !" #$% &'('))*')')* 2&%() %)(( ) 3.#/0"0-+,!+!.1- %)(( &%() 4) % & N% ( ( % *+ ,-ND:0!1: & NE% ( ( % % & *+ ,- & 5& 6 () 3.#/070.8!1 & 6 )4 < '&(% ))( 3=,#>:#!>8,!!1 ? < )( )) ( A!1: E ( 4 < & ( A!1:!7,#>:/B-:/ ? < & ( 4 < @ % ()& 4( ( G>!1#7,#>:/-/ ? < @ % ()& 4( ( <% & ( A!1:!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & ( ) % % 3"1!:0-+-!01-+.-/ P% ()) 44 ) <% & @( C#007+B,#>:/>!/!,!-/1#:# 5<% & @( <% QB,#>:/1B:/0!,!-/ 5<% <% @ % ) ) QB,#>:/#B#0 5<% @ % ) ) <% @ % () QB,#>:/-/ 5<% @ % () <% & ( A!1:!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & ( I J % & '&(%) *+ ,-.#/0,!!1 & ) $ <% & @( C#007!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & @( 5& 6 ( % A:+/070.8!1 R% & 6 <% & M 9!+!:1#7!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & M <% @ % () QB,#>:/-/ 5<% @ % () (& % D-#0:!+ 2(& % & % % 9+,7-+!0:!+ ; % % (% & @( C#00!:!.8>!/!7-1#:# E (% & @( <% & M 9!+!:1#7+B,#>:/>!/!,!-/1#:# 5<% & M (% & @( C#00!:!.8>!/!7-1#:# E (% & @( <% & M 9!+!:1#7+B,#>:/>!/!,!-/1#:# 5<% & M <% & @( C#007+B,#>:/>!/!,!-/1#:# 5<% & @( <% & @( C#007!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & @( <% & M 9!+!:1#7!7+B,#>:/B-:/ 5<% & M 2 +Radius++Ulna+3 +Humerus 4(.5.1 )1/.1 #(&.$1 $%&'#* !"# )&&'#()/. +Radius+&'#"1)+Ulna+)1/&'#/. &)"-)(&$%&'#'*#( +Humerus ? " )@A+B !" #$% )*+,- 9:;<: =,>8> !" . /%0 123 ++45*6 ! D%" F+5 ? : )8A+B> E3 G5B- Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm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Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. triceps brachii, Caput laterale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, lateral head M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis Septum intermusculare brachii laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Lateral intermuscular septum of arm M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head M. triceps brachii, Tendo Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Triceps brachii, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle M. anconeus Ëîêòåâàÿ ìûøöà Anconeus M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis M. brachioradialis, Tendo Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Brachioradialis, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis longus, tendon M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis M. extensor digitorum, Tendines Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensor digitorum, tendons M. extensor digiti minimi, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor digiti minimi, tendon M. extensor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi ulnaris Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis longus, tendon Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum M. extensor carpi radialis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis brevis, tendon M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. abductor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Abductor pollicis longus, tendon M. extensor pollicis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis brevis, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis brevis, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis longus, tendon Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Ðèñ. 366 Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ è äèñòàëüíîé ÷àñòè ïëå÷à; âèä ñ ëàòåðàëüíîé ñòîðîíû, ïðåäïëå÷üå â ïðîìåæóòî÷íîì ìåæäó ñóïèíàöèåé è ïðîíàöèåé ïîëîæåíèè Muscles of the forearm and the distal part of the arm, lateral view, intermediate position of the forearm between supination and pronation < &=>(? ! " &'()* 67897 :);5; + , " -./0 ((12'3 B" D(2 @ <7 &5>(?; C0 E2?* Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm M. triceps brachii, Caput laterale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, lateral head Septum intermusculare brachii laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Lateral intermuscular septum of arm M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head M. triceps brachii, Tendo Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Triceps brachii, tendon M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon M. anconeus Ëîêòåâàÿ ìûøöà Anconeus Fascia antebrachii Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Antebrachial fascia M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. extensor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi ulnaris M. extensor digiti minimi Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà Extensor digiti minimi M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. extensor digitorum Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Extensor digitorum M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis M. extensor digitorum, Tendines Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensor digitorum, tendons Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum M. extensor carpi radialis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis brevis, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis longus, tendon Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius Ðèñ. 367 0 1 !"#$%!#"&!'&(')*$%!*+$' ,'&$"#$%!'&(!2$!)"&',!$,!&#++' '3!& +)$!&(!*+'$!,"+$+")"#$%!#"&!'&(/!$.!!),+)'$+")')*,&")'$+") A . &)425 #$$% < &=>(? ! " &'()* Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm M. triceps brachii, Tendo Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Triceps brachii, tendon M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon M. anconeus Ëîêòåâàÿ ìûøöà Anconeus Septum intermusculare brachii laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Lateral intermuscular septum of arm M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus Fascia antebrachii Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Antebrachial fascia M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. extensor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi ulnaris Mm. extensores digitorum et digiti minimi Ðàçãèáàòåëè ïàëüöåâ è ìèçèíöà Extensores digitorum and digiti minimi M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius M. pronator teres, Tendo Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ñóõîæèëèå Pronator teres, tendon M. extensor digitorum, Tendines Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensor digitorum, tendons M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. extensor digiti minimi, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor digiti minimi, tendon AF G M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. extensor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis longus M. extensor indicis Ðàçãèáàòåëü óêàçàòåëüíîãî ïàëüöà Extensor indicis M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius M. extensor carpi radialis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis brevis, tendon M. extensor carpi radialis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi radialis longus, tendon M. extensor pollicis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis brevis, tendon M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis longus, tendon 0 !"#$%!#"&!'&(!2$!)"&',!$ (+** ! '3!&+)$!&(!*+'$!,"+$+")"#$%!#"&!'&(/!$.!!),+)'$+")')*,&")'$+") 67897 :);5; + , " -./0 ((12'3 B" D(2 <7 &5>(?; C0 E2?* Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm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Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ è êèñòè; âèä ñçàäè, ãëóáîêèé ñëîé; ïðåäïëå÷üå â ïðîìåæóòî÷íîì ïîëîæåíèè ìåæäó ñóïèíàöèåé è ïðîíàöèåé Muscles of the forearm and the hand; extensor aspect, deep layer; intermediate position of the forearm between supination and pronation * Âëàãàëèùà ñóõîæèëèé, îáðàçîâàííûå óäåðæèâàòåëåì ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé, âñêðûòû ïðîäîëüíî. The tendon compartments formed by the extensor retinaculum have been opened longitudinally. G ! # "1 ),758 &''( ? " )@A+B !"# $ % )*+,- Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Muscles of the forearm Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve Aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii Àïîíåâðîç äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à Bicipital aponeurosis Lig. collaterale radiale Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Radial collateral ligament Lig. collaterale radiale Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Radial collateral ligament M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi radialis, tendon Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. pronator teres, Caput ulnare Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Pronator teres, ulnar head M. pronator teres, Caput humerale Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð, ïëå÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Pronator teres, humeral head M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis Radius Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Radius M. brachioradialis, Tendo Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Brachioradialis, tendon Articulatio radioulnaris distalis, Capsula articularis Äèñòàëüíûé ëó÷åëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà Distal radio-ulnar joint, joint capsule Ðèñ. 370 Ïðåäïëå÷üå â ïîëîæåíèè ñóïèíàöèè; âèä ñïåðåäè. Ñòðåëêè ïîêàçûâàþò íàïðàâëåíèå äåéñòâèÿ ñèë ïðè ñîêðàùåíèè îñíîâíûõ ñóïèíèðóþùèõ ìûøö Forearm in supination; ventropalmar view. Arrows indicate the direction of force generated by the main supinator muscles Aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii Àïîíåâðîç äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à Bicipital aponeurosis M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus Membrana interossea antebrachii Ìåæêîñòíàÿ ïåðåïîíêà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Interosseous membrane of forearm M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve Ðèñ. 371 Ïðåäïëå÷üå â ïîëîæåíèè ïðîíàöèè; âèä ëîêòåâîé îáëàñòè ñïåðåäè, âèä òûëà êèñòè ñçàäè. Ñòðåëêè ïîêàçûâàþò íàïðàâëåíèå äåéñòâèÿ ñèë ïðè ñîêðàùåíèè îñíîâíûõ ïðîíèðóþùèõ ìûøö Forearm in pronation; ventral view of the elbow region, dorsal view of the dorsum of the hand. Arrows indicate the direction of force generated by the main pronator muscles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Ðèñ. 373 ;! E+*3/%* #5 -4% ,&/' *+,%$5(3(&/ /&8%$ ? " )@A+B !"# $ % )*+,- 9:;<: =,>8> !" . / % 0123 ++45*6 !F%" H+5 K ? : )8A+B> G3 I5B- "# '( '( 78 @ ) *+ ,1" .1:3; :;# ;$ >1.31) ./011 <8 @ ) + =+ 9%- >.3; =+ '( + ) *+ B%%- !"#$) ./011 & + ) + `@ + 78 + ^1R ./011- % .1:3- -.3;*+ 7 78 + `@ + + @ 8 E ^1R ./011 1 3-R !"#$" 1 >3> 1:3- :;# ;$ >1.31 *+ 7 + @ + 8 E = 78 b013; !"#$J.1:3 <8 '( + E 53>- !"#$) 3-R- :;# $ >1.31 + E '( 78 E ) H 7 53>1 .1:3; :;# ;$ >1.31) /.3- > <8 E ) 7 + '( F"#$) 31.3-SR:;# $ >1.31 T ' F0>.3- > %;G 7 7 '( ?+ 53" 3 6 ?+ A 9>3- >.3; A '( 78 + @ 7+ ) *+ U:>1 .1:3; ;$) ./011<8 + @ 7+ ) + 6 ( _ + a11" 3.3> >3 >.31 A _ + '( 78 ) *+ 9>3 .1:3; -.3;-) ./011 <8 ) + T 7 U/1- >.3; 6 7 '( + + @ F"#$) 3-R- !11$ + + @ '( 78 + @ E 53>1 .1:3; !11$ <8 + @ E '( + @ F"#$) 31.3-SR- !11$ T + @ ' ( [:" !"#$" C '( + E 53>- !"#$) 3-R:;# $ >1.31 + E '( + + @ F"#$) 3-R- !11$ + + @ '( 78 E ) H 7+ 53>1 .1:3; :;# ;$ >1.31) :>- > <8 E ) + + @ `) H B-.3Jc" ..3 `) ..3- >. ' @ K `) K ' ( + V";" !0>.3" !"#$" I '( 78 E ) H 7 53>1 .1:3; :;# ;$ >1.31) /.3- > <8 E ) 7 + `@ + 78 @ ^1R ./011- 1 .1:3:;# ;$ >1.31 *+ 7 78 @ '( ++ ) H E F"#$) 1-R- :;# $ >1.31) %- > ++ ) E + ' ( + V";" !0>.3" !"#$" I '( 78 + @ 7 ) *+ B/.3" .1:3; ;$) ./011<8 + @ 7 ) + '( 78 + @ 7 ) *+ B/.3" .1:3; ;$) ./011<8 + @ 7 ) + ' ( 9" !0>.3" !"#$" 6 ;! E+*3/%* #5 -4% ,&/' '(22/% /&8%$ CD E " !/ (+5 %&&' < ! (=>*? !" # $ ()*+ Âëàãàëèùà ñóõîæèëèé êèñòè Tendon sheaths of the hand Vagina tendinum musculorum abductoris longi et extensoris pollicis brevis Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèé äëèííîé îòâîäÿùåé ìûøöû è êîðîòêîãî ðàçãèáàòåëÿ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Tendinous sheath of abductor longus and extensor pollicis brevis Vagina communis tendinum musculorum flexorum Îáùåå âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèé ñãèáàòåëåé Common flexor sheath Vagina tendinis musculi flexoris pollicis longi Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ äëèííîãî ñãèáàòåëÿ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Tendinous sheath of flexor pollicis longus M. flexor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. opponens pollicis Ìûøöà, ïðîòèâîïîñòàâëÿþùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Opponens pollicis Vagina tendinis musculi flexoris carpi radialis Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ ëó÷åâîãî ñãèáàòåëÿ çàïÿñòüÿ Tendinous sheath of flexor carpi radialis M. flexor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis brevis Retinaculum musculorum flexorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ñãèáàòåëåé Flexor retinaculum M. abductor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis brevis M. abductor digiti minimi Ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ ìèçèíåö Abductor digiti minimi Vagina tendinis musculi flexoris pollicis longi Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ äëèííîãî ñãèáàòåëÿ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Tendinous sheath of flexor pollicis longus M. flexor digiti minimi brevis Êîðîòêèé ñãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà Flexor digiti minimi brevis M. opponens digiti minimi Ìûøöà, ïðîòèâîïîñòàâëÿþùàÿ ìèçèíåö Opponens digiti minimi M. adductor pollicis, Caput transversum Ìûøöà, ïðèâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ãîëîâêà Adductor pollicis, transverse head Vagina communis tendinum musculorum flexorum Îáùåå âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèé ñãèáàòåëåé Common flexor sheath M. lumbricalis I ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà I Lumbrical I Vaginae synoviales digitorum manus Ñèíîâèàëüíûå âëàãàëèùà ïàëüöåâ êèñòè Synovial sheaths of digits of hand Ðèñ. 375 Âëàãàëèùà ñóõîæèëèé, Vaginae tendinum, íà êèñòè Tendon sheaths, Vaginae tendinum, of the hand 90% 5% <1% Ðèñ. 376 ad ×àñòûå âàðèàíòû òîïîãðàôèè ëàäîííûõ âëàãàëèù ñóõîæèëèé Frequent variations of the palmar tendon sheaths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Âëàãàëèùà ñóõîæèëèé êèñòè Tendon sheaths of the hand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Ìûøöû êèñòè Muscles of the hand M. interosseus dorsalis III Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà III Dorsal interosseus III M. interosseus dorsalis IV Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà IV Dorsal interosseus IV Mm. interossei palmares, Tendines Ëàäîííûå ìåæêîñòíûå ìûøöû, ñóõîæèëèÿ Palmar interossei, tendons M. interosseus dorsalis II Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà II Dorsal interosseus II M. interosseus dorsalis I Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Dorsal interosseus I M. extensor digitorum, Tendines Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensor digitorum, tendons Mm. lumbricales, Tendines ×åðâåîáðàçíûå ìûøöû, ñóõîæèëèÿ Lumbricals, tendons Ðèñ. 382 Òûëüíûå ìåæêîñòíûå ìûøöû, Mm. interossei dorsales; âèä ñçàäè Dorsal inteosseous muscles, Mm. interossei dorsales; dorsal view M. interosseus palmaris III Ëàäîííàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà III Palmar interosseus III M. interosseus palmaris II Ëàäîííàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà II Palmar interosseus II Ðèñ. 383 Ëàäîííûå ìåæêîñòíûå ìûøöû, Mm. interossei palmares; âèä ñïåðåäè. Ñóõîæèëèÿ ìåæêîñòíûõ è ÷åðâåîáðàçíûõ ìûøö âïëåòàþòñÿ â òàê íàçûâàåìûå òûëüíûå àïîíåâðîçû ïàëüöåâ (óêàçàíî ñòðåëêàìè) Palmar inteosseous muscles, Mm. interossei palmares; palmar view. The tendons of the interosseous and the lumbrical muscles radiate into the so-called dorsal aponeurosis of the fingers (arrows) M. interosseus palmaris I Ëàäîííàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Palmar interosseus I 789:8 ;*<6< , -#. /01 ))23(4 A# C)3 = 8 '6?)@< B1 D3@+ Ìûøöû êèñòè Muscles of the hand M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendines Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum profundus, tendons M. lumbricalis IV ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà IV Lumbrical IV M. lumbricalis II ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà II Lumbrical II M. lumbricalis III ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà III Lumbrical III M. lumbricalis I ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà I Lumbrical I M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendines Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendons M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendines Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendons M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendines Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexor digitorum profundus, tendons B C/'8()0%& '/.0&,. 1%&'%( 2),3 M. interosseus palmaris Ëàäîííàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà Palmar interosseus Os metacarpi II Ïÿñòíàÿ êîñòü II Metacarpal II M. extensor indicis, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü óêàçàòåëüíîãî ïàëüöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor indicis, tendon M. interosseus dorsalis I Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Dorsal interosseus I M. interosseus palmaris I Ëàäîííàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Palmar interosseus I M. lumbricalis I ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà I Lumbrical I M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendo Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendon Vincula longa Äëèííûå ñâÿçêè Vincula longa M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendo Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor digitorum profundus, tendon Vinculum breve Êîðîòêàÿ ñâÿçêà Vinculum breve M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendo Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor digitorum profundus, tendon M. interosseus dorsalis I Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Dorsal interosseus I Articulatio metacarpophalangea II, Capsula articularis Ïÿñòíî-ôàëàíãîâûé ñóñòàâ II, ñóñòàâíàÿ êàïñóëà Metacarpophalangeal joint II, joint capsule Vagina tendinis, Stratum fibrosum Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ, ôèáðîçíûé ñëîé Tendinous sheath, fibrous layer M. lumbricalis I ×åðâåîáðàçíàÿ ìûøöà I Lumbrical I M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendo Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendon Vagina tendinis, Stratum synoviale Âëàãàëèùå ñóõîæèëèÿ, ñèíîâèàëüíûé ñëîé Tendinous sheath, synovial membrane Vincula tendinum Ñâÿçêè ñóõîæèëèé Vincula tendinum Lig. collaterale Êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Collateral ligament Lig. collaterale Êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà Collateral ligament 3 = > ! ! ?> !? ?@ 4,*6-* )*.,(+)-*. %+ +5, ():5+ )*6,A +5, +,*6-*. -7 8-+5 7&,A-(. 5%2, 8,,* 6)..,0+,6 7(-' +5, +,*6-* .5,%+5 1%&'%( 2),3 !> &%+,(%& 2),3 Tuberositas phalangis distalis Áóãðèñòîñòü äèñòàëüíîé ôàëàíãè Tuberosity of distal phalanx E ! '*536 $%%& !"#$ 8.8,$. L "G &G `.8,$. ! "G <S g P Q L' >Z88. L' D D c : b g5 <T c g6 R ! = 6G6 >$_Z.ZZ% = 6G6 : b UU c *U 5 S T 6 e Uf V 6 6 W<Q[<SX YZM?81W<Q[<SX 6 6 GW<Q[<SX V6 5 6A" W*UX Y.$%??810$ZW*UX "6 G = W*UX V" W<Q[*UX E8.?81W<S[*UX " GW<S[*UX V6 5 6A" W<T)*UX Y.$%??81080$Z%W<T)*UX "6 G == W<T)*UX V' W<Q)<RX >Z?81W<Q)<RX L' D GW<Q)<RX V " W<Q[*UX 2Z1?81W<Q[*UX ]" GW<Q[*UX V W<S[*UX 1?81W<S[*UX \ GW<S[*UX c V )] <0.,-181) 08.11. F G ) 5 6A + a * 6 H83.?1$ F d b * 6 " E8.?1$ "" d c * 6 = ^..?1$ = d a @ 66 8$%?02Z 9 6 " b @ 66 `.?02Z ! 6 " c @ 66 " Y.$%?02Z "6 " EF G U V A 6 W<b[<QX O.C8-$%?81W<b[<QX !A 6 GW<b[<QX a V" 6 W<QX O8$%?81$0.W<QX & 6 GW<QX b ] 6 YZ11. 6 5 6A P V 6 W<Q)<RX ^$0Z?81WEQ)ERX F 6 GWEQ)ERX Q V 56G W<Q)<RX >$_Z.Z?81WEQ)ERX F 56G GWEQ)ERX R V 6 W<Q[<SX 8$%?-82?81W<Q[<SX 9 6 GW<Q[<SX S V 5 6 W<Q[<SX >$0Z?81W<Q[<SX F 5 6 GW<Q[<SX T VA 6 " W<R[<TX J820.?81W<R[<TX *A 6 " GW<R[<TX e V 6 " W<T)*UX Y.$%?-82?81W<T)*UX " 6 GW<T)*UX Uf VA 66 ( W<Q[<SX O$.?-82?81W<Q[<SX 9 (A 66 GW<Q[<SX UU V 6 W*UX Y8/8?81W#UX 6 GW*UX = D(%05)%& 1&,A/. / = '>?)@ !"# '()*+ 789:8 ;*<6< , -#. /01 ))23(4 G = 8 '6?)@< H !/ I/ J*?35)<<3 A# C)3 B1 D3@+ %&&'( )!* ##!"+, !' 5 6A ) ! = 6G6 >$Z10$.) 0$_Z.ZZ% h 6A ' ) = 6G6 @ 66 " Y.$%?02Z "6 " @ 66 `.?02Z ! 6 " @ 66 8$%?02Z 9 6 " !' 5 6A ) ! 6G6 >$Z10$.)$_Z.ZZ% h 6A ' ) 6G6 L' >Z88. L' D D ]"' G" 8$%?88.-81 9 =" G V6 5 6A" Y.$%??810$Z "6 G = V" E8.?81 " G V' >Z?81 L' D G ]"'" G" Y.$%?88.-81 " =" G V6 5 6A H83.?$8$%??810$Z F 6 G = V6 5 6A" Y.$%??81080$Z% "6 G == V 6 6 YZM?81 6 6 G V " 2Z1?81 ]" G V6 5 6A `.??810$Z ! 6 G = V6 5 6A = ^..?$8$%??810$Z = 6 G = V 1?81 \ G V6 5 6A 8$%??81080$Z% 9 6 G == ] =6 WV " X >18311%W2Z1?81X F =65 6AW]" GX ] = " WV " X J$2/11%W2Z1?81X & 5 6AW]" GX V6 5 6A `.??81080$Z% ! 6 G == V 5 6A >8.??81080$Z% L G ]" WV X #$%11%W1?81X & 5 6AW\ GX ] WV X 11%W1?81X ! 5 6AW\ GX ]6 6 6 G E..$%11%$181 < 6(5 6AiA G V"( 6 j/I.$0$% 181 E "( G ] = " WV X J$2/11%W1?81X & 5 6AW\ GX ] =6 WV X >18311%W1?81X F =65 6AW\ GX V"( 6 j/I.$0$% 181 E "( G V"( E/1$0$% 181 ! "( G V"( E/1$0$% 181 ! "( G E > F,(2,. -7 +5, /11,( &)'8 -2,(2),3 EF G ! '*536 $%%& Êîæíàÿ èííåðâàöèÿ Cutaneous innervation C3 C4 C5 C7 C6 C8 T2 T1 T3 Ðèñ. 388 Ñåãìåíòàðíàÿ (êîðåøêîâàÿ) êîæíàÿ èííåðâàöèÿ [äåðìàòîìû] âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Segmental cutaneous innervation [dermatomes] of the upper limb C3 C4 C5 C6 T2 C7 C8 T1 T3 Ðèñ. 389 Ñåãìåíòàðíàÿ (êîðåøêîâàÿ) êîæíàÿ èííåðâàöèÿ [äåðìàòîìû] âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Segmental cutaneous innervation [dermatomes] of the upper limb / = '>?)@ !"# '()*+ 789:8 ;*<6< , -#. /01 ))23(4 A = 8 '6?)@< B !/ C/ F*?35)<<3 D# G)3 E1 H3@+ Êîæíàÿ èííåðâàöèÿ Cutaneous innervation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musculocutanous9 6 >&(%&$'%&"#!'&(!*+9 N. musculocutanous9 ( !"#$'*#!)A#")'! J L 78 9N. musculocutanous9:; <= 6 :6 3; >&(%&$'%&"#!'&( !*+9N. musculocutanous9(&//$),#*#(<?.(@)!0*#!%.(#!,".%&"#!'&()!!*+#")'! #*)$$&("*#",)!+)'$" JKIJ J L 789:8 ;*<6< , -#. /01 ))23(4 M = 8 '6?)@,)#!!*+9 9( !"#$'*#!)A#")'! J L / 400 Z*AT"%&,*($!8(* :00 4 Z!$!"B!,.78#. 4 9 9 :; >,)#!!*+9 9(&//$),#*#( JKIJ J L 9 4 2 ;B2 ; C2 26 >,)#!!*+9 4/*'D) #$/#$(EC"E/)%#$ /'("&* #% $3 +.97: !" ())* A $ +BC-D #$ %&' +,-./ Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve C5 V C6 N. cutaneus brachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Medial cutaneous nerve of arm VI N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm C7 VII C8 I T1 II N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm Ðèñ. 398 Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, N. ulnaris, ñåãìåíòàðíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ Ulnar nerve, N. ulnaris, segmental organization M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris R. profundus Ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Deep branch R. superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Superficial branch Ðèñ. 397 Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, N. ulnaris; îáëàñòè èííåðâàöèè Ulnar nerve, N. ulnaris; supplied areas Ðèñ. 399 Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, N. ulnaris; ïðîêñèìàëüíûé ïàðàëè÷ íåðâà: òèïè÷íàÿ ïîçà Ulnar nerve, N. ulnaris; proximal palsy: typical posture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Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography 223 Ñðåçû Sections Ëîêòåâàÿ ÿìêà Cubital fossa Ïðåäïëå÷üå Forearm Êèñòü Hand Àðòåðèè âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîcòè Arteries of the upper limb A. thoracoacromialis Ãðóäîàêðîìèàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Thoraco-acromial artery A. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Axillary artery A. circumflexa humeri posterior Çàäíÿÿ àðòåðèÿ, îãèáàþùàÿ ïëå÷åâóþ êîñòü Posterior circumflex humeral artery A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery A. circumflexa humeri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ àðòåðèÿ, îãèáàþùàÿ ïëå÷åâóþ êîñòü Anterior circumflex humeral artery A. profunda brachii Ãëóáîêàÿ àðòåðèÿ ïëå÷à Profunda brachii artery [Deep artery of arm] A. collateralis ulnaris superior Âåðõíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior ulnar collateral artery A. collateralis media Ñðåäíÿÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Middle collateral artery A. collateralis radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial collateral artery A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery A. collateralis ulnaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior ulnar collateral artery A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery A. recurrens radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial recurrent artery A. interossea recurrens Âîçâðàòíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Recurrent interosseous artery R. anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ âåòâü Anterior branch R. posterior Çàäíÿÿ âåòâü Posterior branch A. recurrens ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar recurrent artery A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery A. interossea communis Îáùàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common interosseous artery A. interossea posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior interosseous artery A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery R. carpalis palmaris Ëàäîííàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Palmar carpal branch R. palmaris superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Superficial palmar branch Arcus palmaris profundus Ãëóáîêàÿ ëàäîííàÿ äóãà Deep palmar arch A. princeps pollicis Àðòåðèÿ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Princeps pollicis artery A. interossea anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior interosseous artery A. comitans nervi mediani Àðòåðèÿ, ñîïðîâîæäàþùàÿ ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median artery R. carpalis dorsalis Òûëüíàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Dorsal carpal branch Arcus palmaris superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ëàäîííàÿ äóãà Superficial palmar arch Aa. digitales palmares communes Îáùèå ëàäîííûå ïàëüöåâûå àðòåðèè Common palmar digital arteries A. radialis indicis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ óêàçàòåëüíîãî ïàëüöà Radialis indicis artery Aa. digitales palmares propriae Ñîáñòâåííûå ëàäîííûå ïàëüöåâûå àðòåðèè Proper palmar digital arteries Ðèñ. 406 Àðòåðèè âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè; îáùèé âèä. Àðòåðèè îáëàñòè ëîêòåâîãî ñóñòàâà îáðàçóþò ëîêòåâóþ ñóñòàâíóþ ñåòü Arteries of upper limb; overview. Arteries adjacent to the elbow joint form the cubital anastomosis 264 . &)536 #$$% = &>?(@ !" &'()* Ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå ñîñóäû è óçëû ïîäìûøêè Lymphatics of the axilla V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein Vasa lymphatica superficialia Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå ñîñóäû Superficial lymph vessels V. thoracoepigastrica Ãðóäîíàä÷ðåâíàÿ âåíà Thoraco-epigastric vein V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Nodi axillares Ïîäìûøå÷íûå óçëû Axillary nodes (Plexus lymphaticus axillaris) (Ïîäìûøå÷íîå ëèìôàòè÷åñêîå ñïëåòåíèå) (Axillary lymphatic plexus) Papilla mammaria Ñîñîê ìîëî÷íîé æåëåçû Nipple Vasa lymphatica superficialia Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå ñîñóäû Superficial lymph vessels Vasa lymphatica superficialia Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå ñîñóäû Superficial lymph vessels Fascia axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ôàñöèÿ Axillary fascia V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein Nodi cubitales Ëîêòåâûå óçëû Cubital nodes V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Ðèñ. 407 Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå ëèìôàòè÷åñêèå ñîñóäû, ëèìôîóçëû è âåíû ïëå÷à, áîêîâîé ñòåíêè ãðóäè è ïîäìûøå÷íîé îáëàñòè Superficial lymphatics, lymph nodes and venous trunks in the regions of the arm, the lateral thoracic wall and the axilla Vv. thoracoepigastricae Ãðóäîíàä÷ðåâíûå âåíû Thoraco-epigastric veins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rigonum clavipectorale 4&%/# $*-!%&*!#%,1& ;, XI&=( ;, D . W # &(9(6 %9 7 .3.. 7->, ! * I&(6(#%#&6 +>,3 D-A.A L9% "&*(6"%"9 M.A> 3 D-, XI&(6"%"9 ;, > 3 D- . W # &(9(6"%"9 7 .> 3 7-4 ! *5(6(#%#&6 74 7-. . . 0#)* ( # &(9(6(#%#&6 1. .2 . D -. 0#)*"%"& . > 3 5 8 A. thoracoacromialis ;!%,$)#,1%** !,-"*) *)-!%$-7%$!-(#%&%!* !'A. thoracoacromialis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Øåÿ è ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ÿìêà Neck and axillary fossa A. transversa colli Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ øåè Transverse cervical artery A. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Axillary artery Plexus brachialis, Pars infraclavicularis Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Brachial plexus, infraclavicular part A. thoracoacromialis Ãðóäîàêðîìèàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Thoraco-acromial artery Rr. pectorales Ãðóäíûå âåòâè Pectoral branches M. omohyoideus, Venter inferior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, íèæíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, inferior belly V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein Plexus brachialis, Pars supraclavicularis Ïëå÷åâîå ñïëåòåíèå, íàäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Brachial plexus, supraclavicular part N. phrenicus Äèàôðàãìàëüíûé íåðâ Phrenic nerve M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior A. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery A. vertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vertebral artery A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery Ansa cervicalis Øåéíàÿ ïåòëÿ Ansa cervicalis M. sternothyroideus Ãðóäèíî-ùèòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternothyroid R. acromialis Àêðîìèàëüíàÿ âåòâü Acromial branch Truncus thyrocervicalis Ùèòîøåéíûé ñòâîë Thyrocervical trunk M. sternohyoideus Ãðóäèíî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà Sternohyoid N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein V. brachiocephalica Ïëå÷åãîëîâíàÿ âåíà Brachiocephalic vein M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid A. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Axillary artery M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major Nn. thoracici, Nn. intercostales, Rr. cutanei anteriores pectorales Ãðóäíûå íåðâû, ìåæðåáåðíûå íåðâû, ïåðåäíèå êîæíûå ãðóäíûå âåòâè Thoracic nerves, intercostal nerves, anterior pectoral cutaneous branches V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein M. pectoralis minor Ìàëàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis minor A.; V. thoracica lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûå ãðóäíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Lateral thoracic artery and vein N. intercostobrachialis Ìåæðåáåðíî-ïëå÷åâîé íåðâ Intercostobrachial nerve N. thoracodorsalis Ãðóäîñïèííîé íåðâ Thoracodorsal nerve N. thoracicus longus Äëèííûé ãðóäíîé íåðâ Long thoracic nerve A.; V. thoracodorsalis Ãðóäîñïèííûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Thoracodorsal artery and vein N. thoracicus [T4], N. intercostalis, R. cutaneus lateralis pectoralis Ãðóäíîé íåðâ [T4], ìåæðåáåðíûé íåðâ, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ êîæíàÿ ãðóäíàÿ âåòâü Thoracic nerve [T4], intercostal nerve, lateral pectoral cutaneous branch M. latissimus dorsi Øèðî÷àéøàÿ ìûøöà ñïèíû Latissimus dorsi V. thoracoepigastrica Ãðóäîíàä÷ðåâíàÿ âåíà Thoraco-epigastric vein Rr. mammarii laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå âåòâè ê ìîëî÷íîé æåëåçå Lateral mammary branches Ðèñ. 413 Áîêîâàÿ ñòåíêà ãðóäè, ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ÿìêà, Fossa infraclaviularis, è ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ÿìêà, Fossa axillaris Lateral thoracic wall, infraclavicular fossa, Fossa infraclaviularis, and axillary fossa, Fossa axillaris Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography 229 Ñðåçû Sections Ëîêòåâàÿ ÿìêà Cubital fossa Ïðåäïëå÷üå Forearm Êèñòü Hand Øåÿ è ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ÿìêà Neck and axillary fossa V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein V.; A. transversa colli, R. superficialis Ïîïåðå÷íûå âåíà è àðòåðèÿ øåè, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Transverse cervical vein and artery, superficial cervical artery Nodi cervicales anteriores, Nodi superficiales et profundi Ïåðåäíèå øåéíûå óçëû, ïîâåðõíîñòíûå è ãëóáîêèå óçëû Anterior cervical nodes, superficial and deep nodes M. scalenus medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus medius Nodi cervicales laterales, Nodi superficiales Ëàòåðàëüíûå øåéíûå óçëû, ïîâåðõíîñòíûå óçëû Lateral cervical nodes, superficial nodes M. sternocleidomastoideus Ãðóäèíî-êëþ÷è÷íî-ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Sternocleidomastoid A.; V. suprascapularis Íàäëîïàòî÷íûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Suprascapular artery and vein M. omohyoideus, Venter superior Ëîïàòî÷íî-ïîäúÿçû÷íàÿ ìûøöà, âåðõíåå áðþøêî Omohyoid, superior belly N. suprascapularis Íàäëîïàòî÷íûé íåðâ Suprascapular nerve Nodi cervicales anteriores superficiales et profundi Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå è ãëóáîêèå ïåðåäíèå øåéíûå óçëû Superficial and deep anterior cervical nodes M. trapezius Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Trapezius Nn. supraclaviculares laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå íàäêëþ÷è÷íûå íåðâû Lateral supraclavicular nerves A. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein M. pectoralis minor Ìàëàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis minor M. scalenus anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëåñòíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Scalenus anterior Nodus cervicalis lateralis, Nodus profundus inferior Ëàòåðàëüíûé øåéíûé óçåë, íèæíèé ãëóáîêèé óçåë Lateral cervical node, inferior deep node Nodi subscapulares Ïîäëîïàòî÷íûå óçëû Subscapular nodes N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major Truncus jugularis sinister Ëåâûé ÿðåìíûé ñòâîë Left jugular trunk Bulbus inferior venae jugularis Íèæíÿÿ ëóêîâèöà ÿðåìíîé âåíû Inferior bulb of jugular vein N. musculocutaneus Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ Musculocutaneous nerve A. circumflexa humeri posterior Çàäíÿÿ àðòåðèÿ, îãèáàþùàÿ ïëå÷åâóþ êîñòü Posterior circumflex humeral artery N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Ductus thoracicus, Pars cervicalis Ãðóäíîé ïðîòîê, øåéíàÿ ÷àñòü Thoracic duct, cervical part V. jugularis externa Íàðóæíàÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà External jugular vein Trunci subclavius et bronchomediastinalis sinister Ëåâûå ïîäêëþ÷è÷íûé è áðîíõîñðåäîñòåííûé ñòâîëû Left subclavian and bronchomediastinal trunks V. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ âåíà Brachial vein N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve Nodi axillares laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå ïîäìûøå÷íûå óçëû Lateral axillary nodes M. subclavius Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ìûøöà Subclavius Costa II Ðåáðî II Rib II M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major M. pectoralis minor Ìàëàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis minor Nodi deltopectorales Äåëüòîâèäíî-ãðóäíûå óçëû Deltopectoral nodes A. thoracica superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãðóäíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior thoracic artery N. cutaneus brachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Medial cutaneous nerve of arm Nodi intercostales Ìåæðåáåðíûå óçëû Intercostal nodes V. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ âåíà Axillary vein Nodi axillares centrales Öåíòðàëüíûå ïîäìûøå÷íûå óçëû Central axillary nodes V. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ âåíà Brachial vein N. thoracicus longus Äëèííûé ãðóäíîé íåðâ Long thoracic nerve Nodi pectorales Ãðóäíûå óçëû Pectoral nodes A.; V. thoracica lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûå ãðóäíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà Lateral thoracic artery and vein N. intercostobrachialis Ìåæðåáåðíî-ïëå÷åâîé íåðâ Intercostobrachial nerve 261 258 Ðèñ. 414 Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ ÿìêà, Fossa axillaris, è ãëóáîêàÿ îáëàñòü øåè; ïðèíöèïèàëüíàÿ òîïîãðàôèÿ ëèìôàòè÷åñêèõ ñîñóäîâ è óçëîâ Axillary fossa, Fossa axillaries, and deep cervical region; exemplary illustration of lymphatics and lymph nodes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c*R0 1V#J" 1 ! !d e&?%c`@%/K&3A48.>AF&(%d 5 " ! +" c! ! 1V#J 1"#" " 6 d "J ##" K " +" #""# ! ,&@'.KX%F&?8. *J ##" K !#""# " ! !V"1 " +" ! ! `@F&?8. ! ! " ! !V"1 "6 "# O>.& L"6 "# " +" #""# V ! Y?%F&?8. Q V !#""# " ! !V"1 " +" 16 "# P@F&?8. C6 "# " ! !V"1 0 "# " O%/8&@F&?/>F 5"# "6 "# K " " +" ! ! O>.&K-@F&?8@8./ L"6 "# K! ! " ! !VV!"1 W# " ! O&F%&&%&(%&F W# " ! Z ! 6 # #""# O%@4&F S""# ! 6 # D - 3 / 9. 4 9. 4 9 9. :6#&)"#')))%*%')!& ) !(* 6!)#! 7#!%!& 8 %* 6!)#!7#!%!& ;!$ " !0 (+758 %&&' ? ! (@A*B ! "#$ ()*+, 9:;<: =+>8> ! - Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ïëå÷à Vessels and nerves of the arm M. subclavius Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ ìûøöà Subclavius N. suprascapularis Íàäëîïàòî÷íûé íåðâ Suprascapular nerve N. subscapularis Ïîäëîïàòî÷íûé íåðâ Subscapular nerve Fasciculus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé ïó÷îê Medial cord M. pectoralis minor Ìàëàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis minor Fasciculus posterior Çàäíèé ïó÷îê Posterior cord M. deltoideus Äåëüòîâèäíàÿ ìûøöà Deltoid M. subscapularis Ïîäëîïàòî÷íàÿ ìûøöà Subscapularis Fasciculus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé ïó÷îê Lateral cord A. circumflexa humeri posterior Çàäíÿÿ àðòåðèÿ, îãèáàþùàÿ ïëå÷åâóþ êîñòü Posterior circumflex humeral artery A. axillaris Ïîäìûøå÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Axillary artery M. teres major Áîëüøàÿ êðóãëàÿ ìûøöà Teres major M. coracobrachialis Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Coracobrachialis N. cutaneus brachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Medial cutaneous nerve of arm M. pectoralis major Áîëüøàÿ ãðóäíàÿ ìûøöà Pectoralis major A. subscapularis Ïîäëîïàòî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subscapular artery A. circumflexa humeri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ àðòåðèÿ, îãèáàþùàÿ ïëå÷åâóþ êîñòü Anterior circumflex humeral artery N. thoracodorsalis Ãðóäîñïèííîé íåðâ Thoracodorsal nerve N. musculocutaneus Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ Musculocutaneous nerve V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm Caput longum Äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Long head M. triceps brachii, Caput longum Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, long head Caput breve Êîðîòêàÿ ãîëîâêà Short head N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve A. profunda brachii Ãëóáîêàÿ àðòåðèÿ ïëå÷à Profunda brachii artery [Deep artery of arm] N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve N. musculocutaneus, N. cutaneus antebrachii lateralis Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ, ëàòåðàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Musculocutaneous nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery Aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii Àïîíåâðîç äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à Bicipital aponeurosis Ðèñ. 417 Ñîñóäû è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé îáëàñòè ïëå÷à, Regio brachii anterior Vessels and nerves of the anterior region of the arm, Regio brachii anterior M. latissimus dorsi Øèðî÷àéøàÿ ìûøöà ñïèíû Latissimus dorsi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egio brachii anterior '!# !"!#$# !"%Regio brachii anterior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Âåíû è íåðâû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Veins and nerves of the forearm N. radialis, N. cutaneus brachii posterior Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, çàäíèé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Radial nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of arm N. radialis, N. cutaneus antebrachii posterior Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, çàäíèé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Radial nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein N. cutaneus brachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Medial cutaneous nerve of arm N. cutaneus brachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïëå÷à Medial cutaneous nerve of arm V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm N. musculocutaneus, N. cutaneus antebrachii lateralis Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ, ëàòåðàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Musculocutaneous nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis, R. posterior Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, çàäíÿÿ âåòâü Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, posterior branch Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon V. mediana cubiti Ñðåäèííàÿ âåíà ëîêòÿ Median cubital vein N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis, R. anterior Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, ïåðåäíÿÿ âåòâü Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, anterior branch V. mediana antebrachii Ñðåäèííàÿ âåíà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Median antebrachial vein (V. mediana basilica) (Ìåäèî-ñðåäèííàÿ âåíà ëîêòÿ) (Median basilic vein) N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis, R. posterior Ìåäèàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, çàäíÿÿ âåòâü Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, posterior branch V. mediana antebrachii Ñðåäèííàÿ âåíà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Median antebrachial vein V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein N. musculocutaneus, N. cutaneus antebrachii lateralis Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ, ëàòåðàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Musculocutaneous nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm N. radialis, N. cutaneus antebrachii posterior Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, çàäíèé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Radial nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, superficial branch A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein R. palmaris (N. ulnaris) Ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Palmar branch (Ulnar nerve) R. palmaris (N. medianus) Ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü (Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ) Palmar branch (Median nerve) R. dorsalis (N. ulnaris) Òûëüíàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Dorsal branch (Ulnar nerve) N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, superficial branch V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein Ðèñ. 421 Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå âåíû è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii anterior Veins and nerves of the anterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii anterior, epifascial layer Ðèñ. 422 Ïîâåðõíîñòíûå âåíû è íåðâû çàäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii posterior Veins and nerves of the posterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii posterior, epifascial layer ;<=>< ?-@:@ "# / 0&1 234 5,,67+8 E A !< *:C,D@ F $2G2 J-C79,@@7 " H&# K,7 I4 L7D. ! " #$! %&'( .# 60 9.# $% ! 5 0 )% ! $%!" # 5 ( )%!" # .# 60 9.# 7 $% ! 5 0 )% ! .# 60 9.# 1<" # ."+ ,"2A 1B ;40 ( 0 ,02A 1C ."!+ " # "!"=,"2A 1$% .# 2 160 34 02 1)% .# 2 1$% 2 1 34 02 1)% 2 $%!" # 5 ( )%!" # .# 60 9.# : , - #$'"() !"#$#!%!!").!/ 0 #! 1 - 2 3 4 --3 2 3 5-6 72 3 389 :#$%#!# !;<(#!#$ #!'#(;))*&'!##;''!)* # !;<(#!(&#=)*.(!&#>#)9 "$ #2 *-97: ! '(() A # *BC,D "# $%& *+,-. ;<=>< ?-@:@ "# / Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Arteries and nerves of the forearm N. ulnaris; A. collateralis ulnaris superior Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ; Âåðõíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar nerve; Superior ulnar collateral artery M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery Aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii Àïîíåâðîç äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à Bicipital aponeurosis M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery Fascia brachii Ôàñöèÿ ïëå÷à Brachial fascia M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis A. collateralis radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ Humerus, Epicondylus medialis êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü, Radial collateral ìåäèàëüíûé artery íàäìûùåëîê Humerus, N. radialis, medial epicondyle R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Fascia antebrachii Radial nerve, Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ deep branch Antebrachial fascia M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, superficial branch M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. flexor carpi radialis Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi radialis M. palmaris longus Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris longus M. flexor digitorum superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum superficialis M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus M. extensor pollicis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis brevis, tendon M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. flexor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis longus N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve M. brachioradialis, Tendo Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Brachioradialis, tendon R. dorsalis (N. ulnaris) Òûëüíàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Dorsal branch (Ulnar nerve) A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve R. palmaris (N. medianus) Ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü (Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ) Palmar branch (Median nerve) Retinaculum musculorum flexorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ñãèáàòåëåé Fexor retinaculum A. radialis, R. palmaris superficialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Radial artery, superficial palmar branch A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm A. collateralis ulnaris superior Âåðõíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior ulnar collateral artery N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve A. collateralis ulnaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior ulnar collateral artery M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve M. biceps brachii, Tendo Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ñóõîæèëèå Biceps brachii, tendon A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery A. recurrens radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial recurrent artery M. flexor digitorum superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum superficialis N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery R. palmaris (N. ulnaris) Ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Palmar branch (Ulnar nerve) R. dorsalis (N. ulnaris) Òûëüíàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Dorsal branch (Ulnar nerve) A. ulnaris, R. carpalis dorsalis Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òûëüíàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Ulnar artery, dorsal carpal branch M. palmaris brevis Êîðîòêàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà Palmaris brevis Ðèñ. 424 Ñóáôàñöèàëüíûå àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii anterior Arteries and nerves of the anterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii anterior; subfascial layer Ðèñ. 425 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii anterior; õîä ëó÷åâîé àðòåðèè, A. radialis Arteries and nerves of the anterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii anterior; course of the radial artery, A. radialis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egio antebrachii anteriorB43- A# !"#$#!%!!"#$"!&Regio antebrachii anteriorB')* E )+ I*".* *L D&'4EJ0 J:E G40 K I*".* *L M C Regio antebrachii anteriorB43- 43 4 4 6 A# !"#$#!%!!"#$ "!&Regio antebrachii anteriorB')*"#'#)&! )!"#$ ")D!%#!;&;'"()&;() !# "1 ),869 &''( @ " )AB+C !" #$% )*+,- Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ëîêòåâîé ÿìêè Arteries and nerves of the cubital fossa N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii A. collateralis radialis, R. anterior Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ïåðåäíÿÿ âåòâü Radial collateral artery, anterior branch A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve Mm. extensores carpi radiales Ëó÷åâûå ðàçãèáàòåëè çàïÿñòüÿ Extensores carpi radiales N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, superficial branch N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery M. extensor digitorum Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Extensor digitorum A. recurrens radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial recurrent artery M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis A. interossea recurrens Âîçâðàòíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Recurrent interosseous artery N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch Ðèñ. 428 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé ëîêòåâîé îáëàñòè, Regio cubitalis anterior, ïîñëå óäàëåíèÿ ëó÷åâûõ ìûøö ïðåäïëå÷üÿ; âèä ñ ëàòåðàëüíîé [ëó÷åâîé] ñòîðîíû Arteries and nerves of the anterior region of the elbow, Regio cubitalis anterior; after removal of the radial muscles of the forearm; lateral [radial] view A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis Aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii Àïîíåâðîç äâóãëàâîé ìûøöû ïëå÷à Bicipital aponeurosis M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon Mm. flexores Ìûøöû-ñãèáàòåëè Flexor muscles Caput ulnare Ëîêòåâàÿ ãîëîâêà Ulnar head R. posterior Çàäíÿÿ âåòâü Posterior branch R. anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ âåòâü Anterior branch M. pronator teres Êðóãëûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator teres Epicondylus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Medial epicondyle Caput humerale Ïëå÷åâàÿ ãîëîâêà Humeral head A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery A. collateralis ulnaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior ulnar collateral artery A. collateralis ulnaris superior Âåðõíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Superior ulnar collateral artery N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris A. recurrens ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar recurrent artery N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve M. flexor digitorum profundus Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Flexor digitorum profundus Ðèñ. 429 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïåðåäíåé ëîêòåâîé îáëàñòè, Regio cubitalis anterior; ïîñëå ÷àñòè÷íîãî óäàëåíèÿ ìûøö-ñãèáàòåëåé; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé [ëîêòåâîé] ñòîðîíû Arteries and nerves of the anterior region of the elbow, Regio cubitalis anterior; after partial removal of the flexor muscles of the forearm; medial [ulnar] view :;<=; >,?9? !" . Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography 241 Ñðåçû Sections Ëîêòåâàÿ ÿìêà Cubital fossa Ïðåäïëå÷üå Forearm Êèñòü Hand Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Arteries and nerves of the forearm M. triceps brachii Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Triceps brachii N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve A. recurrens ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ âîçâðàòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar recurrent artery Olecranon Ëîêòåâîé îòðîñòîê Olecranon Rete articulare cubiti Ëîêòåâàÿ ñóñòàâíàÿ ñåòü Cubital anastomosis A. collateralis radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial collateral artery A. collateralis ulnaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîêòåâàÿ êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Inferior ulnar collateral artery M. brachioradialis Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachioradialis M. extensor carpi radialis longus Äëèííûé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis longus Epicondylus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé íàäìûùåëîê Lateral epicondyle M. anconeus Ëîêòåâàÿ ìûøöà Anconeus M. supinator Ñóïèíàòîð Supinator M. anconeus Ëîêòåâàÿ ìûøöà Anconeus M. extensor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi ulnaris A. interossea recurrens Âîçâðàòíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Recurrent interosseous artery N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis M. extensor carpi radialis brevis Êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi radialis brevis N. radialis, R. profundus Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, deep branch A. interossea posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior interosseous artery Rr. musculares Ìûøå÷íûå âåòâè Muscular branches A. interossea posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior interosseous artery M. extensor digitorum Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Extensor digitorum M. extensor digitorum Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ Extensor digitorum Membrana interossea antebrachii Ìåæêîñòíàÿ ïåðåïîíêà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Interosseous membrane of forearm M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. extensor digiti minimi, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor digiti minimi, tendon A. interossea anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior interosseous artery Rete carpale dorsale Òûëüíàÿ ñåòü çàïÿñòüÿ Dorsal carpal arch R. dorsalis (N. ulnaris) Òûëüíàÿ âåòâü (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Dorsal branch (Ulnar nerve) R. profundus nervi radialis, N. interosseus antebrachii posterior Ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü ëó÷åâîãî íåðâà, çàäíèé ìåæêîñòíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Deep branch of radial nerve, posterior interosseous nerve M. abductor pollicis longus Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis longus M. extensor pollicis longus Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis longus M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis M. extensor carpi N. radialis, R. superficialis ulnaris, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Radial nerve, Extensor carpi superficial branch ulnaris, tendon N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial nerve, superficial branch M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis longus, tendon R. dorsalis (N. ulnaris) Retinaculum Òûëüíàÿ âåòâü musculorum extensorum (Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ) Óäåðæèâàòåëü Dorsal branch ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé (Ulnar nerve) Extensor retinaculum 419 431 422 440 Ðèñ. 430 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû çàäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii posterior; ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñëîé Arteries and nerves of the posterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii posterior; superficial layer Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum 420 430 440 Ðèñ. 431 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû çàäíåé îáëàñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ, Regio antebrachii posterior; ãëóáîêèé ñëîé Arteries and nerves of the posterior region of the forearm, Regio antebrachii posterior; deep layer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Àðòåðèè è íåðâû êèñòè Arteries and nerves of the hand N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery A. ulnaris Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ulnar artery M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi radialis, tendon N. ulnaris, R. palmaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Ulnar nerve, palmar branch A. radialis, R. palmaris superficialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Radial artery, superficial palmar branch Os pisiforme Ãîðîõîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Pisiform N. ulnaris, R. profundus Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü Ulnar nerve, deep branch N. medianus, R. palmaris Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ, ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Median nerve, palmar branch M. abductor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Abductor pollicis brevis A. ulnaris, R. carpalis dorsalis Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òûëüíàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Ulnar artery, dorsal carpal branch M. flexor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Flexor pollicis brevis N. ulnaris, R. superficialis Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Ulnar nerve, superficial branch R. communicans cum nervo ulnari Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñ ëîêòåâûì íåðâîì Communicating branch with ulnar nerve A. ulnaris, R. palmaris profundus Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ãëóáîêàÿ ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Ulnar artery, deep palmar branch Arcus palmaris superficialis Ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ ëàäîííàÿ äóãà Superficial palmar arch N. digitalis palmaris proprius Ñîáñòâåííûé ëàäîííûé ïàëüöåâûé íåðâ Proper palmar digital nerve M. adductor pollicis Ìûøöà, ïðèâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Adductor pollicis N. digitalis palmaris proprius Ñîáñòâåííûé ëàäîííûé ïàëüöåâûé íåðâ Proper palmar digital nerve N. medianus, N. digitalis palmaris communis Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ, îáùèé ëàäîííûé ïàëüöåâûé íåðâ Median nerve, common palmar digital nerve Aa. digitales palmares communes Îáùèå ëàäîííûå ïàëüöåâûå àðòåðèè Common palmar digital arteries Aa. digitales palmares propriae Ñîáñòâåííûå ëàäîííûå ïàëüöåâûå àðòåðèè Proper palmar digital arteries Nn. digitales palmares proprii Ñîáñòâåííûå ëàäîííûå ïàëüöåâûå íåðâû Proper palmar digital nerves Ðèñ. 435 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû ëàäîíè, Palma; ñðåäíèé ñëîé Arteries and nerves of the palm, Palma; middle layer 37% 35% 13% Ðèñ. 436 ad Âàðèàíòû ñòðîåíèÿ ïîâåðõíîñòíîé ëàäîííîé äóãè, Arcus palmaris superficialis Variations of the superficial palmar arch, Arcus palmaris superficialis a Çàìêíóòàÿ äóãà êëàññè÷åñêèé âàðèàíò. Textbook case, closed arch. b Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, A. ulnaris, êðîâîñíàáæàåò òðè ïîñëåäíèõ ïàëüöà. The ulnar artery, A. ulnaris, supplies the three ulnar fingers. c Âñå ïàëüöû êðîâîñíàáæàþòñÿ ëîêòåâîé àðòåðèåé, A. ulnaris. All the fingers are supplied by the ulnar artery, A. ulnaris. 89:;9 <,== !" . /%0 123 4++5*6 B > 9 )@+A= C #1D1 G,@7+== ! E%" H+ F3 IA- Àðòåðèè è íåðâû êèñòè Arteries and nerves of the hand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alma) (:/ !"Palma !# B !# "1 ),7 &''( > " )?@+A !" #$% )*+,- Àðòåðèè è íåðâû êèñòè Arteries and nerves of the hand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aginae tendinum musculorum extensorum Q TU9 6 ,, ,06 9 0 / QQ VU9 6 ,, , , 6 , QQQ VU9 6 , 9 QU VU9 6 ,, , 6 9 , 6 Âëàãàëèùà ñóõîæèëèé ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Q VW$"$@!74 C$ .$-- .@ <8E;8 " &"#$# $%E " '$%;! QQ VW$"$@!74 C$ $7A84&"#$ &'!% QQQ VW$"$@!74 C$.$-- " &"#$# $%E " '$%;! QU VW$"$@!74 C$ &"#$'$%;&"#$7&$%- " '$%; Tendinous sheaths of extensor muscles Q VB6 1106 9 6 0 / QQ VB6 11 6 QQQ VB6 11 9 QU TB6 11 6 9 ,6 6 J J / 89:;9 <,== !" . /%0 123 4++5*6 > 9 )@+A= C #1D1 G,@7+== ! E%" H+ F3 IA- ) 6 *) 0 1 7A -*&.- C-8 -'.'$A% +6 /* / , U1 $%-' . C--7 =1 / U0 F.$%-' . C--7 [ / ) 6 *+ 7A -*' 4- !-% +6 /* 0 1 ) *+6 -*8$%-% /*6 0 1 +/ ,6 , R8$%-- &-!%! O / > Z16 U/ FC" $ 8-8 Q / )6 9 6 R8$%-8'$%;8-8 O 6 9 / J @( / & ' *!+" + ,!!# " !0 (+758 %&&' ? ! (@A*B ! "#$ ()*+, Àðòåðèè è íåðâû êèñòè Arteries and nerves of the hand M. extensor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Extensor carpi ulnaris A. interossea anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior interosseous artery N. radialis, R. profundus, N. interosseus antebrachii posterior Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ãëóáîêàÿ âåòâü, çàäíèé ìåæêîñòíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Radial nerve, deep branch, posterior interosseous nerve Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum Membrana interossea antebrachii Ìåæêîñòíàÿ ïåðåïîíêà ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Interosseous membrane of forearm M. extensor pollicis brevis Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Extensor pollicis brevis M. abductor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Abductor pollicis longus, tendon Rete carpale dorsale Òûëüíàÿ ñåòü çàïÿñòüÿ Dorsal carpal arch A. ulnaris, R. carpalis dorsalis Ëîêòåâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òûëüíàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Ulnar artery, dorsal carpal branch A. radialis, R. carpalis dorsalis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òûëüíàÿ çàïÿñòíàÿ âåòâü Radial artery, dorsal carpal branch A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery A. princeps pollicis Àðòåðèÿ áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè Princeps pollicis artery M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis longus, tendon M. adductor pollicis Ìûøöà, ïðèâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè Adductor pollicis M. interosseus dorsalis I Òûëüíàÿ ìåæêîñòíàÿ ìûøöà I Dorsal interosseus I Aa. metacarpales dorsales Òûëüíûå ïÿñòíûå àðòåðèè Dorsal metacarpal arteries Ðèñ. 440 Àðòåðèè è íåðâû òûëà êèñòè, Dorsum manus; ãëóáîêèé ñëîé Arteries and nerves of the dorsum of the hand, Dorsum manus; deep layer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a F 3 8) %& 3 <! %& !%" & F8; :, _!%" & %& # ! %& @ 6 67./ C& ! <# 1 2 & %& ! `-9 /8 ) I %& 1 2 & A # ! 1 & >7 6 67./ ? & ! # &! & 3 41 T8-+ 67./ 3 :;)) Q! & 3 1 <# %& 1 & >7 ) ? & %& A <# 1 2 & %& % % U-8 /8 ) C % %& 1 2 & A <# 1 2 & 1 & >7 /8 ) ? & 1 2 & A C&$ % $ & F)6 X, C $ & %&$ Y2 1 ! P,)9 :;))* 41 ! JJ C&$ 1 U X, 11& %&$ J C&$ 1 & 5) X, ? & %&$ /* * 4 := *) > 8&- "&& !"#&%& !"$&!8 . / 0 12 34 / : 67&-&$2&8$ !7&&6 .. / 0 12 34 5 67&-&$2&8$ !9' 6 ? ! (@A*B ! "#$ ()*+, 9:;<: =+>8> ! - .$/ 012 3**45)6 J ? : (8A*B> C "0 D0 G+A57*>>5 E$! H*5 F2 I5B, (/# 0# 122 A0 C ): 31= : 4:= *) @ !D- ! 8 &- #- ""$&!8 T1 T1 C6 C8 C7 C6 C8 C7 ? :* 4 1 + ) @&$ 8$&-# # A 4 1 + ) B #$ !"" 8$&-# # , $'314 !""# ; $<=&> $%&'( Ïëå÷î, ïîïåðå÷íûå ñðåçû Arm, transverse sections Fascia brachii Ôàñöèÿ ïëå÷à Brachial fascia M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein N. musculocutaneus Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ Musculocutaneous nerve M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis A. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Brachial artery M. coracobrachialis Êëþâîâèäíî-ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Coracobrachialis Vv. brachiales Ïëå÷åâûå âåíû Brachial veins Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus N. medianus Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Median nerve Septum intermusculare brachii laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Lateral intermuscular septum of arm V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein N. radialis Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ Radial nerve N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ Ulnar nerve A. profunda brachii Ãëóáîêàÿ àðòåðèÿ ïëå÷à Profunda brachii artery [Deep artery of arm] Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm M. triceps brachii, Caput laterale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, lateral head M. triceps brachii, Caput longum Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, äëèííàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, long head M. triceps brachii, Caput mediale Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à, ìåäèàëüíàÿ ãîëîâêà Triceps brachii, medial head Ðèñ. 446 Ïëå÷î, Brachium; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç Arm, Brachium; transverse section V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Cephalic vein M. biceps brachii Äâóãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Biceps brachii V. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ âåíà Brachial vein M. brachialis Ïëå÷åâàÿ ìûøöà Brachialis V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein Humerus Ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü Humerus Septum intermusculare brachii mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Medial intermuscular septum of arm Septum intermusculare brachii laterale Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ìåæìûøå÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà ïëå÷à Lateral intermuscular septum of arm M. triceps brachii Òðåõãëàâàÿ ìûøöà ïëå÷à Triceps brachii Ðèñ. 447 Ïëå÷î, Brachium; ìàãíèòíî-ðåçîíàíñíàÿ òîìîãðàììà (ÌÐÒ); ïîïåðå÷íîå ñå÷åíèå ïëå÷à íà óðîâíå åãî ñåðåäèíû; âèä ñ äèñòàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Arm, Brachium; magnetic resonance tomographic image (MRI); cross-section at the level of the middle of the arm; distal view 56786 9':4: ) * +,-. /&&01%2 ? ;6 $4=&>: @ , A , D'=1 3&::1 B E&1 C. F1>( Ïëå÷î, ïîïåðå÷íûå ñðåçû Arm, transverse sections 5 6$ %&'( 7 %&'( ) 7 8 9 (1) 7 4 A.., / 01 *&B2*&B* " )" 0) , .3.<3443 : ; " * )02* * "61 <. D " "1 7 H 3, 6 %&'( 73, :< & *& 7 <. A, ;6 B* " C, .< A,. L" 01**&B* " ,..< D34., E 6F " "1) G34.,HIJH34K A., / 01 *&B2*&B* " ) , .3.<34 Q.3, 3.N 5 1**&B 6 B" R$1F R ) SQ.3, 3.N : / 01 * )02* * "61 7 <. 3.,H ; " *&B* 0%&P &B$" F * @ ?3.,H ,N !" #$ D3 .3 O "#* " * " "1 -3 .3 H -. , / 01 * % 2%&' * ) " $"0 ) , . 34 %&'( ) + A . ; B* " M ..< Ïëå÷î, Brachium; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íèæíåé òðåòè ïëå÷à Arm, Brachium; transverse section through the lower third of the arm 5 6$ %&'( ) 7 D " "1 7 H : ; " * )02* * "61 <. : / 01 * )02* * "61 7 <. %&'( 7 3, 6 %&'( 73, M . ; M . !" #$ %&'( ) + Ïëå÷î, Brachium; ìàãíèòíî-ðåçîíàíñíàÿ òîìîãðàììà (ÌÐÒ); ïîïåðå÷íîå ñå÷åíèå ïëå÷à íà óðîâíå åãî íèæíåé òðåòè; âèä ñ äèñòàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Arm, Brachium; magnetic resonance tomographic image (MRI); cross-section at the level of the lower third of the arm; distal view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Ïðåäïëå÷üå è êèñòü, ïîïåðå÷íûå ñðåçû Forearm and hand, transverse sections M. flexor digitorum superficialis, Tendines * Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ * Flexor digitorum superficialis, tendons * N. medianus, R. palmaris Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ, ëàäîííàÿ âåòâü Median nerve, palmar branch M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo * N. medianus Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå * Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ Flexor carpi radialis, tendon * Median nerve M. flexor pollicis longus, Tendo * Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå * Flexor pollicis longus, tendon * A. radialis Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery N. musculocutaneus, N. cutaneus antebrachii lateralis Ìûøå÷íî-êîæíûé íåðâ, ëàòåðàëüíûé êîæíûé íåðâ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Musculocutaneous nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm M. abductor pollicis longus, Tendines * Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèÿ * Abductor pollicis longus, tendons * V. cephalica; N. radialis, R. superficialis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè; Ëó÷åâîé íåðâ, ïîâåðõíîñòíàÿ âåòâü Cephalic vein; Radial nerve, superficial branch M. extensor pollicis brevis, Tendo * Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå * Extensor pollicis brevis, tendon * M. brachioradialis, Tendo Radius Ïëå÷åëó÷åâàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Ëó÷åâàÿ êîñòü Brachioradialis, tendon Radius Mm. extensores carpi radiales longus et brevis, Tendines * Fascia antebrachii Äëèííûé è êîðîòêèé ëó÷åâûå Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ ðàçãèáàòåëè çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèÿ * Antebrachial fascia Extensores carpi radiales longus and brevis, tendons * Tela subcutanea [Hypodermis] Ïîäêîæíàÿ îñíîâà [Ãèïîäåðìèñ] Subcutaneous tissue M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo * Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå * Extensor pollicis longus, tendon * V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein M. palmaris longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Palmaris longus, tendon Fascia antebrachii Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Antebrachial fascia M. flexor digitorum superficialis * Cutis Ïîâåðõíîñòíûé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ * Êîæà Flexor digitorum superficialis * Skin A.; N. ulnaris Ëîêòåâûå àðòåðèÿ è íåðâ Ulnar artery and nerve M. flexor carpi ulnaris Ëîêòåâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ Flexor carpi ulnaris M. flexor digitorum profundus, Tendines * Ãëóáîêèé ñãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ * Flexor digitorum profundus, tendons * N. ulnaris, R. dorsalis Ëîêòåâîé íåðâ, òûëüíàÿ âåòâü Ulnar nerve, dorsal branch M. pronator quadratus Êâàäðàòíûé ïðîíàòîð Pronator quadratus Articulatio radioulnaris distalis, Recessus sacciformis Fascia antebrachii Äèñòàëüíûé ëó÷åëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ, Ôàñöèÿ ïðåäïëå÷üÿ ìåøêîîáðàçíîå óãëóáëåíèå Antebrachial fascia Distal radio-ulnar joint, sacciform recess M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo * Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå * Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon * Articulatio radioulnaris distalis Äèñòàëüíûé ëó÷åëîêòåâîé ñóñòàâ Distal radio-ulnar joint M. extensor indicis * Ðàçãèáàòåëü óêàçàòåëüíîãî ïàëüöà * Extensor indicis * M. extensor digitorum * Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ * Extensor digitorum * Ulna Ëîêòåâàÿ êîñòü Ulna M. extensor digiti minimi, Tendo * Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà, ñóõîæèëèå * Extensor digiti minimi, tendon * Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ðàçãèáàòåëåé Extensor retinaculum Ðèñ. 454 Ïðåäïëå÷üå, Àntebrachium; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå äèñòàëüíîãî ëó÷åëîêòåâîãî ñóñòàâà. Íà ýòîì óðîâíå ñóõîæèëèÿ ìûøö, îòìå÷åííûå çíàêîì (*), îêðóæåíû âëàãàëèùàìè ñóõîæèëèé, Vaginae tendinum Forearm, Àntebrachium; transverse section at the level of the distal radio-ulnar joint. At this level, the muscle tendons marked with (*) run within tendon sheaths, Vaginae tendinum Retinaculum musculorum flexorum Óäåðæèâàòåëü ìûøö-ñãèáàòåëåé Flexor retinaculum N. medianus * Ñðåäèííûé íåðâ * Median nerve * M. flexor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ñãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor pollicis longus, tendon Thenar [Eminentia thenaris] Òåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà] Thenar eminence M. palmaris longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ëàäîííàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Palmaris longus, tendon A.; N. ulnaris ** Ëîêòåâûå àðòåðèÿ è íåðâ ** Ulnar artery and nerve ** Hypothenar [Eminentia hypothenaris] Ãèïîòåíàð [Âîçâûøåíèå ìèçèíöà] Hypothenar eminence Mm. flexores digitorum, Tendines Cãèáàòåëè ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Flexores digitorum, tendons M. flexor carpi radialis, Tendo Ëó÷åâîé ñãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Flexor carpi radialis, tendon Os trapezium Êîñòü-òðàïåöèÿ Trapezium M. abductor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííàÿ ìûøöà, îòâîäÿùàÿ áîëüøîé ïàëåö êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Abductor pollicis longus, tendon M. extensor pollicis brevis, Tendo Êîðîòêèé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis brevis, tendon V. cephalica Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè A. radialis Cephalic vein Ëó÷åâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Radial artery Os triquetrum Òðåõãðàííàÿ êîñòü Triquetrum Os hamatum Êðþ÷êîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Hamate M. extensor carpi ulnaris, Tendo Ëîêòåâîé ðàçãèáàòåëü çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor carpi ulnaris, tendon Mm. extensores carpi radiales, Tendines Ëó÷åâûå ðàçãèáàòåëè çàïÿñòüÿ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensores carpi radiales, tendons M. extensor pollicis longus, Tendo Äëèííûé ðàçãèáàòåëü áîëüøîãî ïàëüöà êèñòè, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor pollicis longus, tendon Os trapezoideum Òðàïåöèåâèäíàÿ êîñòü Trapezoid M. extensor digiti minimi, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü ìèçèíöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor digiti minimi, tendon V. basilica Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîäêîæíàÿ âåíà ðóêè Basilic vein Os capitatum Ãîëîâ÷àòàÿ êîñòü Capitate M. extensor digitorum, Tendines Ðàçãèáàòåëü ïàëüöåâ, ñóõîæèëèÿ Extensor digitorum, tendons M. extensor indicis, Tendo Ðàçãèáàòåëü óêàçàòåëüíîãî ïàëüöà, ñóõîæèëèå Extensor indicis, tendon Ðèñ. 455 Çàïÿñòüå, Carpus; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå êðþ÷êà êðþ÷êîâèäíîé êîñòè, Hamulus ossis hamati Wrist, Carpus; transverse section at the level of the hook of the hamate bone, Hamulus ossis hamati * ** Êàíàë çàïÿñòüÿ. Carpal tunnel. Ëîêòåâîé êàíàë [Ãèéîíîâ êàíàë]. Ulnar canal [loge de Guyon]. + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 @ <7 %5>'?; A - B E(>2 4';;2 C! F'2 D/ G2?) " # ! J & ( S5 ]2U$^$@/$-$,.$,S7,$3$,I & & S 8 )* ( G 8 I& ) ( F,.A3 12.$/2/1@/A .@-$," .1-A )* & ) ( 4* ( G 8 ) ( 9 Y-$," .3 12.$/@/$- !"# G ( )* ( H & 4* & ) ( & _$,-$2,?$ 3 12.$/2/1@/A . !"#$-1U$ !"# G(& & `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Ðèñ. 456 L*-+1+)C8/ -)+./0*)/*/*1-2(.+--3*4*0*4(5-3*8CC*)-32)6(5-3*-32)6,*-+1+)C+4@(.* I 9 =$a1 Z9)& )9 * 5 & =/3@/$-3$,V & 8 *& & 6 L?12.$/@/$- !"#$6 ;*& & & 6 5 & =/3@/$-3$,V & 8 % & Y$, .:bA .< % & & N$?.$3 & 5 & 72 .-$33@/$-3$,% & 8 )* & ) ( Y-$," .3 12.$/@/$- !"#$ 4* & ) ( & )* & ) M!2A3 12.$/@/$- !"#$ 4* & ) & J & 72 .-$@/$-,.$, % & & K H ) G & X2,?$-1U$@/A . 4 G 9&9 ) & )9 Ðèñ. 457M" ENNNG O L2664*52.I*) ENNNG -)+./0*)/*/*1-2(.-3)(8I3-3*/3+5-(5-3*C)(P2,+4C3+4+.P % & Y$, .:bA .< % & *& & 6 L?12.$/@/$- !"#$6 ;*& & & 6 I 9 =$a1 Z9)& )9 * & N$?.$3 & J & 72 .-$@/$-,.$, % & & K 5 & 72 .-$33@/$-3$,% & 8 )* & ) M!2A3 12.$/@/$- !"#$ 4* & ) & H ) G & X2,?$-1U$@/A . 4 G 9&9 ) & )9 Ðèñ. 458M" ENNNG O L2664*52.I*) ENNNG -)+./0*)/*/*1-2(.-3)(8I3-3*/3+5-(5-3*,2664*C3+4+.P $ Q >& R ! & R " > R!" S(71+44*66()/+4+C(.*8)(/2/2.-(<3213-3*@)+.132.I-*.6(.(5-3**P-*./()62I2-()8,,8/14* +/<*44+/ -3*-*.6(./(5-3*2.-*)(//*(8/+.648,@)21+4,8/14*/)+62+-* H I J2? B , D 7 NC7 J'') #;;; - / !E2?2 2; K! 7 7 / B ,K-/ B ,E2?2 ?#; :??1; L2>; '4 >& 2? $ %& '! ( ') & B2-$.-/ 4 &G (9 ' & =$$-$.-/ % &G (9 J 7,$$1$/,.$, & K J 9&9 ( M?,.$, D9&9 ( & K ') & B2-$.-/ 4 &G (9 ' & =$$-$.-/ % &G (9 J( & & % (8 >!.,$ ,.$, @$U$, .C ./ \ & ( & & K (8 & J G & b1?C,.$, Z 0 G & & K J & (9 b2A-,.$, Z & (9 & K J& ) ( Y-$," .- C,.$, Z ) ( & & K J 7,$$1$/,.$, & K J& ) M!2A$- C$,.$, V& & J +1-,.$, J & K JG f?,,.$, O & K J& 8 )( Y@$,$C,.$, 8 )( & K J 9 & F-0c2,.$, Z9 & & K J8 &G Y?-C,.$, H &G & K J ) G & Y1?C,.$, \ ) 0 G & & K J ) G & Y1?C,.$, \ ) 0 G & & K J* >$,"$C$P .,.$, * K & K J& ( b "Uc2,.$, V ( & & K J ( & g!,.$, % & ( & K JG >$,"1!2,.$, Z G G (9 J (( & g.C,.$, D(( & & K JG(( d$C,.$, O(( & K J9 K ( > "U1.C,.$, J ( 9 K & K J8 ) b#/-$,,.$, \ ) 8 & K JG ) b#1!2,.$, \ ) G G (9 J)( B$-,.$, 4( & K J G & Y@2,C,.$, ZG & & K J& ) ( Y-$," .- C,.$, Z ) ( & & K J( & & Z ( & ( >!.,$ ,.$, 3 ! \ & ( & & K( & J8 &G Y?-C,.$, H &G & K J e?C,.$, ` & K J&9K >$,"U.-,.$, Z &9K & K J( & ( ]2U ,.$, I ( & & K J( & *& b,!# ,.$, ;*& ( & & K T UP-*).+4+)-*)2*/(5-3*3*+6 MNC / O?>5; + ! ,-./ 0''12&3 <7 %5>'?; <!/ B , %?2 5') P C Q/ !N/ L2>&$23; $ %& '! ( J( G 7,$?1-,.$, ( G & K J( & & % ( G >!.,$ ,.$, ?1-C ./ \ & ( & & K( G & J( F,$-,.$,? .1.$ I & K J( ( & g $.$/,.$, % & ( (& & K J( G & Y$,$?1-,.$, J & ( G & K J( G & g?1-,.$, % & ( G & K J ) & ( G Y$,$#?#$CA-,.$, J & ) ( G & K J 9&9 ( M?,.$, D9&9 ( & K JG f?,,.$, O & K Z 9 ( & ( 73 a I & K9 J ) & ( G g#?#$CA-,.$, % & ) ( G & K J( & & % (8 >!.,$ ,.$,@$U$, .C ./ \ & ( & & K(8 & J( & & % & >!.,$ ,.$,A$ .C ./ \ & ( & & K& & J8 &G Y?-C,.$, H &G & K J( & & % ( 8 ( >!.,$ ,.$,$3C ./ \ & ( & & K( 8 ( & J( & ( ]2U ,.$, I ( & & K J( & *& b,!# ,.$, ;*& ( & & K T N.-*).+4+)-*)2*/(5-3*3*+6 2 T V &# % A & R ! N.-*).+41+)(-26+)-*)K W+62(I)+C3/+5-*)8.24+-*)+42.9*1-2(.(5+1(.-)+/-,*628,#+.I2(I)+,/%X3* 1(.-)+/-,*628,+4/(62/-)2@8-*6-(-3*0*//*4/(5-3*1(.-)+4+-*)+4/26*02+-3* +)-*)2+412)14* "O R" O #YMZ%:[7)+62(I)+C3 62I2-+4/8@-)+1-2(.+.I2(I)+C3K#\S:% V R " "O R" O #YMZ%]+-*)+4)+62(I)+C3 62I2-+4/8@-)+1-2(.+.I2(I)+C3K#\S:% 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Âåíû ãîëîâû Veins of the head V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein V. emissaria parietalis Òåìåííàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà Parietal emissary vein Vv. superiores cerebri Âåðõíèå ìîçãîâûå âåíû Superior cerebral veins Sinus sagittalis inferior Íèæíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Inferior sagittal sinus Foramen interventriculare Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå Interventricular foramen V. interna cerebri Âíóòðåííÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà Internal cerebral vein (V. emissaria frontalis) (Ëîáíàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà) (Frontal emissary vein) Sinus sagittalis superior Âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Superior sagittal sinus *** V. magna cerebri * Áîëüøàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà * Great cerebral vein * Sinus sphenoparietalis Êëèíîâèäíî-òåìåííîé ñèíóñ Sphenoparietal sinus V. basalis ** Áàçàëüíàÿ âåíà ** Basal vein ** V. ophthalmica superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíàÿ âåíà Superior ophthalmic vein Sinus rectus Ïðÿìîé ñèíóñ Straight sinus V. angularis Óãëîâàÿ âåíà Angular vein V. emissaria occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà Occipital emissary vein Sinus cavernosus Ïåùåðèñòûé ñèíóñ Cavernous sinus Confluens sinuum Ñèíóñíûé ñòîê Confluence of sinuses V. ophthalmica inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíàÿ âåíà Inferior ophthalmic vein V. occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ âåíà Occipital vein V. emissaria mastoidea Ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà Mastoid emissary vein Plexus venosus foraminis ovalis Âåíîçíîå ñïëåòåíèå îâàëüíîãî îòâåðñòèÿ Venous plexus of foramen ovale Sinus sigmoideus Ñèãìîâèäíûé ñèíóñ Sigmoid sinus Bulbus superior venae jugularis Âåðõíÿÿ ëóêîâèöà ÿðåìíîé âåíû Superior bulb of jugular vein Plexus pterygoideus Êðûëîâèäíîå ñïëåòåíèå Pterygoid plexus V. facialis Ëèöåâàÿ âåíà Facial vein V. retromandibularis Çàíèæíå÷åëþñòíàÿ âåíà Retromandibular vein V. jugularis interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà Internal jugular vein Ðèñ. 462 Âíóòðè- è âíå÷åðåïíûå âåíû ãîëîâû Internal and external veins of the head * Âåíà Ãàëåíà. Vein of Galen. ** Âåíà Ðîçåíòàëÿ. Rosenthals vein. *** Âåíà Ëàááå. Vein of Labbe. Ýìèññàðíûå âåíû, Vv. Emissariae; ëîêàëèçàöèÿ â êîñòÿõ ÷åðåïà Òåìåííàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà, V. emissaria parietalis Òåìåííîå îòâåðñòèå, Foramen parietale Ñîñöåâèäíàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà, V. emissaria mastoidea Ñîñöåâèäíîå îòâåðñòèå, Foramen mastoideum Çàòûëî÷íàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà, V. emissaria occipitalis Â îáëàñòè íàðóæíîãî çàòûëî÷íîãî âûñòóïà, Protuberantia occipitalis externa Ìûùåëêîâàÿ ýìèññàðíàÿ âåíà, V. emissaria condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé êàíàë, Canalis condylaris Âåíîçíîå ñïëåòåíèå êàíàëà ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà, Plexus venosus canalis nervi hypoglossi Êàíàë ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà, Canalis nervi hypoglossi Âåíîçíîå ñïëåòåíèå îâàëüíîãî îòâåðñòèÿ, Plexus venosus foraminis ovalis Îâàëüíîå îòâåðñòèå, Foramen ovale Âåíîçíîå ñïëåòåíèå ñîííîãî êàíàëà, Plexus venosus caroticus internus Ñîííûé êàíàë, Canalis caroticus Emissary veins, Vv. Emissariae; passages through the skull Parietal emissary vein, V. emissaria parietalis Parietal foramen, Foramen parietale Mastoid emissary vein, V. emissaria mastoidea Mastoid foramen, Foramen mastoideum Occipital emissary vein, V. emissaria occipitalis Passage in the region of the external occipital protuberance, Protuberantia occipitalis externa Condylar emissary vein, V. emissaria condylaris Condylar canal, Canalis condylaris Venous plexus of hypoglossal canal, Plexus venosus canalis nervi hypoglossi Hypoglossal canal, Canalis nervi hypoglossi Venous plexus of foramen ovale, Plexus venosus foraminis ovalis Foramen ovale, Foramen ovale Internal carotid venous plexus, Plexus venosus caroticus internus Carotid canal, Canalis caroticus ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 5 >08?" /'" (),@; Âåíû ãîëîâû Veins of the head S G#/#&+/,& S L /#0C N [B+#./& T T -#6#+#./%#+##%##$% @ N = 7N >,0#6#+#./%#+##%##$% @ 7N )%/#6#+#./%#+##%##$% @ ' 7N >#-B,0#B#00# ' 7N ' G+#?0# U7 ' ; !":%00+C&:, ' ; ' ; M%00+C&:H# ' ; I 7N V,+OB,0#:#6#+#./ = 7N; W N XB- W N @ 8#* T Y@ Z [YM#60#/#*Z '^ T Y@ Z I M,"#*+C&:H+ W S A E,*B+0/ WA T \ @ [B+# M#-.B T @ S !,0B+0/ 1 ' 7N >#-B,0#B#00# ' 7N @ A ]I 8#6#+CH#%##$%] $+&6#+CH#%##$% @ A] ; ( A MB6#+CH#%##$% ( A 06 8 "4 41( - =44 ( 33 8>1( >- =4 $O (33 1( "):8=3A "-3- 3) 1< 3 ( 3 3 83 1")7> ">- =$@1 4 "-3-7) "3 3< 3 ) 3) 1P" 3= < -AQR338 1)=>- = 1(" R8 "AR 3"3 R3 1( R ! L4 4DJ44KK K4 K4 H/IKDE// KED KJ H JK$SE4/IHHK KJ EDI H D HID KJ IK H I! ! 3 )R="3 1( >:8=34R (1:R3Q )R8"1= ( =" 3" 3)81("1 )3R4 31)" 3 33 8 ") 2>-"3T !"#$%&'$!()*(!(+,)%$ *DU KVW I XE H/IKI4 I/JH EDHD/ DKHI/DI H $ ' ; M%00+C&:H# ' ; N K0&+#.&-B+#./& L N N K-#.&-B+#./& N ' !.&:H# @ N 2 5#6&-B+#./& ( N N >-#.&-B+#./& = N Y 3= =""8 3= 3 8" "4 Z":") "3="=1 "==3 < 3 "8" " [IHHIH H4 Z / HDIH/ /DD H 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - !" #$%&' $ $ ' 2 E*:/0&:, 12 ' ; 2 E*:%00+C&:, 12 ; = !,0#0 1 N ; G#+CH#$%# I ' >?0&:, @ ' ; !":%00+C&:, ' ; ' 7 8+#-#90#:, ' 7 _ Y11Z K0+C&:Y11Z L Y11Z !"#$%#&& ' a 7YI N Z VB#b$ ; N ' >#B.&:, `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`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Íàðóæíîå îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà External surface of the cranial base Fissura orbitalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Inferior orbital fissure Fissura sphenopetrosa; Foramen lacerum Êëèíîâèäíî-êàìåíèñòàÿ ùåëü; Ðâàíîå îòâåðñòèå Petrosphenoidal fissure; Foramen lacerum Foramen palatinum majus Áîëüøîå í¸áíîå îòâåðñòèå Greater palatine foramen Foramina incisiva Ðåçöîâûå îòâåðñòèÿ Incisive foramina Foramina palatina minora Ìàëûå í¸áíûå îòâåðñòèÿ Lesser palatine foramina !"#$%& " '("#)'%* +,#-$+ . )+ (,+%/ 0"#"1,2 N. nasopalatinus (N. maxillaris [V2]) N. palatinus major (N. maxillaris [V2]) A. palatina major (A. palatina descendens) Foramen ovale Îâàëüíîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen ovale Nn. palatini minores (N. maxillaris [V2]) Aa. palatinae minores (A. palatina descendens) Foramen spinosum Îñòèñòîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen spinosum A. infraorbitalis (A. maxillaris) V. ophthalmica inferior N. infraorbitalis (N. maxillaris [V2]) N. zygomaticus (N. maxillaris [V2]) Apertura externa canalis carotici Íàðóæíàÿ àïåðòóðà ñîííîãî êàíàëà External opening of carotid canal N. maxillaris [V2] (ñì. ðèñ. 91, 93) N. mandibularis [V3] Plexus venosus foraminis ovalis Canaliculus mastoideus Ñîñöåâèäíûé êàíàëåö Mastoid canaliculus R. meningeus (N. mandibularis [V3]) A. meningea media (A. maxillaris) Foramen jugulare ßðåìíîå îòâåðñòèå Jugular foramen N. petrosus minor (N. glossopharyngeus [IX]) N. petrosus major (N. facialis [VII]) N. petrosus profundus (Plexus caroticus internus) Meatus acusticus externus Íàðóæíûé ñëóõîâîé ïðîõîä External acoustic meatus A. carotis interna, Pars petrosa Plexus venosus caroticus internus Plexus caroticus internus (Truncus sympathicus, Ganglion cervicale superius) Foramen stylomastoideum Øèëîñîñöåâèäíîå îòâåðñòèå Stylomastoid foramen N. facialis [VII] Pars anterior: Sinus petrosus inferior N. glossopharyngeus [IX] Pars posterior: A. meningea posterior (A. pharyngea ascendens) Sinus sigmoideus (Bulbus superior venae jugularis) N. vagus [X] R. meningeus (N. vagus [X]) N. accessorius [XI] Canalis nervi hypoglossi Êàíàë ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà Hypoglossal canal Foramen mastoideum Ñîñöåâèäíîå îòâåðñòèå Mastoid foramen R. auricularis nervi vagi (N. vagus [X]) N. hypoglossus [XII] Plexus venosus canalis nervi hypoglossi Canalis condylaris Ìûùåëêîâûé êàíàë Condylar canal V. emissaria condylaris Foramen magnum Áîëüøîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen magnum Meninges Plexus venosus vertebralis internus (Sinus marginalis) Aa. vertebrales (Aa. subclaviae) A. spinalis anterior (Aa. vertebrales) Medulla oblongata/Medulla spinalis Radix spinalis (N. accessorius [XI]) Maxilla Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü Maxilla Os frontale Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü Frontal bone Vomer Ñîøíèê Vomer Os sphenoidale Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü Sphenoid Os temporale Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü Temporal bone Os parietale Òåìåííàÿ êîñòü Parietal bone Os palatinum Í¸áíàÿ êîñòü Palatine bone Os zygomaticum Ñêóëîâàÿ êîñòü Zygomatic bone Os occipitale Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü Occipital bone Ðèñ. 467 Íàðóæíîå îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà, Basis cranii externa, è åãî îòâåðñòèÿ External surface of the cranial base, Basis cranii externa, and foramina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` bY _#".<"#+ Z///[` '(( + P , Z///[` 9C $Y 9 c &'(( !"( G3" K 9 c b % d?#+ !3! K I XY :) X I , 9 &'(( <#".)"( =#+ K 9 0 XY Z///[ _#".<"#+ Z///[ P , Z///[ 8 \#"!" !3 V $Y Q""#+"( @(G"( G3" 8 XY C Z/S[ 2#! Z/S[ VC , Z/S[ g XY 9, E! ) KC I , XY B ZS[` 6B B R ) ZS[` ) ?.# V B , ZS[` B BB 6B -) ?.# I BB b % I C G@")! !3! KI C XY 9 ZS/[ (= ZS/[ a9 , ZS/[ H 7 H >Y CC D XY _#"."( "(D &? P CC ID / , HI 9B \"G" @#<"< G.<" HI XY Z///[` bY 0 _#".<"#+ Z///[` ;(( + P , Z///[` 0 9C b % I C \""G@")! !3! H I C ,-. / -0)1 2'''34- 5 )1 2'63 /7 1 26'38 / 9 % + 2'''3 !+ 2'63$#$+ 26'38+":$ %!";! < E AK J J = . 1 )>.- >?* " !";%";;" ? $Y 9 c 0 e XY Z///[` bY 0 f :;(( !"( G3" e _#".<"#+ Z///[` ;(( +f /0 9 c e P , Z///[` 0 9Cf $Y 9 c e XY C Z/S[f &'(( !"( G3" e 2#! Z/S[f K 9 c e VC , Z/S[f $Y e XY Z///[` bY f 7"#+"( @(G"( G3" e _#".<"#+ Z///[` '(( +f $ e P , Z///[` 9Cf $Y 0 e XY Z///[` bY 0 f :;(( @(G"( G3" e _#".<"#+ Z///[` ;(( +f /0 e P , Z///[` 0 9Cf $Y e XY Z///[` bY f &'(( @(G"( G3" e _#".<"#+ Z///[` '(( +f K e P , Z///[` 9Cf $Y , 9 e XY Z///[` bY f 73"` @G"*="( ' ! e _#".<"#+ Z///[` '(( +f 8, 9 e P , Z///[` 9Cf $Y e XY 9 ZS/[f Q""#+"( @(G"( G3" e (= ZS/[f 8 e >9 , ZS/[f @ A )B>)CA-. 4- 58 '+" !D %8E" +": / B 6 )) )23 --7 !) &%#& 0 !" #$% & &)*% & ' ( +, -.,/ 0 ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves R. meningeus recurrens (R. tentorius) Âîçâðàòíàÿ îáîëî÷å÷íàÿ âåòâü (Òåíòîðèàëüíàÿ âåòâü) Tentorial nerve N. ophthalmicus [V1] Ãëàçíîé íåðâ [V1] Ophthalmic nerve [V1] N. ethmoidalis posterior Çàäíèé ðåøåò÷àòûé íåðâ Posterior ethmoidal nerve N. frontalis Ëîáíûé íåðâ Frontal nerve N. lacrimalis Ñëåçíûé íåðâ Lacrimal nerve N. ethmoidalis anterior Ïåðåäíèé ðåøåò÷àòûé íåðâ Anterior ethmoidal nerve R. lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ âåòâü Lateral branch N. supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ Supra-orbital nerve R. medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ âåòâü Medial branch N. supratrochlearis Íàäáëîêîâûé íåðâ Supratrochlear nerve N. nasociliaris Íîñîðåñíè÷íûé íåðâ Nasociliary nerve N. infratrochlearis Ïîäáëîêîâûé íåðâ Infratrochlear nerve Ganglion trigeminale Òðîéíè÷íûé óçåë Trigeminal ganglion N. trigeminus [V] Òðîéíè÷íûé íåðâ [V] Trigeminal nerve [V] Glandula lacrimalis Ñëåçíàÿ æåëåçà Lacrimal gland Radix motoria Äâèãàòåëüíûé êîðåøîê Motor root Radix sensoria ×óâñòâèòåëüíûé êîðåøîê Sensory root Pons Ìîñò Pons Fissura orbitalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Superior orbital fissure R. communicans cum ganglio ciliari Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñ ðåñíè÷íûì óçëîì Communicating branch with ciliary ganglion Nn. ciliares longi Äëèííûå ðåñíè÷íûå íåðâû Long ciliary nerves N. zygomaticus Ñêóëîâîé íåðâ Zygomatic nerve Ganglion ciliare Ðåñíè÷íûé óçåë Ciliary ganglion Ðèñ. 472 Ãëàçíîé íåðâ, N. ophthalmicus [V1]; âèä ñïðàâà Ophthalmic nerve, N. ophthalmicus [V1]; viewed from the right Rr. ganglionares ad ganglion pterygopalatinum Óçëîâûå âåòâè ê êðûëîí¸áíîìó óçëó Ganglionic branches to pterygopalatine ganglion Rr. orbitales Ãëàçíè÷íûå âåòâè Orbital branches Rr. nasales posteriores superiores mediales et laterales Ìåäèàëüíûå è ëàòåðàëüíûå âåðõíèå çàäíèå íîñîâûå âåòâè Posterior superior medial and lateral nasal branches Foramen rotundum Êðóãëîå îòâåðñòèå Foramen rotundum N. maxillaris [V2] Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé íåðâ [V2] Maxillary nerve [V2] N. lacrimalis Ñëåçíûé íåðâ Lacrimal nerve (R. communicans cum nervo lacrimali) (Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñî ñëåçíûì íåðâîì) (Communicating branch with lacrimal nerve) N. zygomaticus Ñêóëîâîé íåðâ Zygomatic nerve Ganglion trigeminale Òðîéíè÷íûé óçåë Trigeminal ganglion N. trigeminus [V] Òðîéíè÷íûé íåðâ [V] Trigeminal nerve [V] N. infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ Infra-orbital nerve Radix motoria Äâèãàòåëüíûé êîðåøîê Motor root Canalis infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êàíàë Infra-orbital canal Radix sensoria ×óâñòâèòåëüíûé êîðåøîê Sensory root Foramen infraorbitale Ïîäãëàçíè÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Infra-orbital foramen Pons Ìîñò Pons R. meningeus Ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ âåòâü Meningeal branch Ganglion pterygopalatinum Êðûëîí¸áíûé óçåë Pterygopalatine ganglion R. zygomaticofacialis Ñêóëîëèöåâàÿ âåòâü Zygomaticofacial branch N. pharyngeus Ãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ Pharyngeal nerve N. palatinus major Áîëüøîé í¸áíûé íåðâ Greater palatine nerve Nn. palatini minores Ìàëûå í¸áíûå íåðâû Lesser palatine nerves R. communicans cum nervo zygomatico Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñî ñêóëîâûì íåðâîì Communicating branch with zygomatic nerve R. zygomaticotemporalis Ñêóëîâèñî÷íàÿ âåòâü Zygomaticotemporal branch Nn. nasopalatini Íîñîí¸áíûå íåðâû Nasopalatine nerves Nn. alveolares superiores Âåðõíèå àëüâåîëÿðíûå íåðâû Superior alveolar nerves Ðèñ. 473 Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíîé íåðâ, N. maxillaris [V2]; âèä ñïðàâà Maxillary nerve, N. maxillaris [V2]; viewed from the right 1 23 #$% 4 ,5 9 &:%; -<-(</= > ? 5,- >% ?<5-7 @ 8 3;A%2*% +,/B= ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves # / !2>?A ;,+()(*+(,>?A < / ! !/ 0/>?A 4 D E&(*+,F G 4 D/! HI(*+,F J/! 3 ! ! / ! / ;,+()(*+' < / ! ! ! K! LI K! # !4 2 >?Â M5()\I(+(,>?Â G !4 2 !/ 0/>?Â /! !/2 L((&( G/! !/ ! " Q /!= !2 _II,I Q /!= !2 # 2 2 / = ]F(.I)(*+(, O2 2 / = !/ 0/ O /! !/ /4 ,%(T((&(,, G 44/ /! !/ / Q /!0 / _(,I Q /!0 / #! / = /= 2!4 B:I)(*(,* f//= / = !/ 0/ 3 ! ! 2 ]F(+' C ! ! #= / 4/2 / N,(*+,*%(*+(, #/ 0/ / = / 4 #= / 4/2 /4 L%(*+,*%(*+(, #/ 0/ /4 = / 4 # !2 #2 c'*)(*+(, d)(*+(, 6 !2 !/ 0/ e2 !/ 0/ ! ! / 4 ! !2 !4 2 / ]'*a%(5()\I(T' 3 ! ! ! "/ 2 !4 2 ! ! 1" 4 = ! 7?--8 X,:((I,(7?--8 1" 4 = ! 7?--8 # / / 2 `(*+(, G / / !/ 0/ # 0/ !/ M5(+,(*+(, -!/ 0/ !/ 0/ # " 4/2 H\I(.a%b'*)(*+(, #/ 0/ " 4 K/D24/! !/ M5(':(Ia( -!/ 4/! =/D2 23 + ,- / %56" !"#! &"'!"( !2 / c'*)(* 6 !2 ! "/ # /! $%:,%)(*+(, G/! !/ 0/ Q /! /! / $%:,%)(,I G/! /! 3 ! !2 !4 2 / $%(5()\I(+' J2 !4 2 ! ! 4 4#!$!% -! 2 2= g /!2= / M%&'()(*,'g,I J2= . ! "g /! #2= h M%&'()(*+(,h J2= . !/ 0/h ! "/ Q /! ! / $%&'()(,I -! . /! # ! $%&'()(*+(, -! . !/ 0/ # /! $%:,%)(*+(, G/! !/ 0/ Q /! /! / $%:,%)(,I G/! /! 7+8 9*839* - - +: ;0' <'&!6 !'6<5" !<'&!"(! !"#! C 6 )) )23 --7 !) &%#& 0 !" #$% & &)*% & ' ( +, -.,/ 0 ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves K/42! 22 / // /4 2 ,%(T'5)(5 G 44/ / // =/42! / O!22=! / // LIT'5)*+& 1/ //=! !/ !/ K! LI K! 3 ! !/! 2 ]'( 3/! 2 / ! ! G/ 2 2 2 ! / !2 9(,((+IR+a,R% -! / ! 2 / 2 # >?--A N+(,>?--A Q !/ 0/>?--A #=/ 2 W XF+T(I*+(, 3 / / =/ !/ 0/ # =/4 2 ,T((+(, #/ 0/ =/4 2 1" 4 = ! 7?--8 X,:((I,(7?--8 1" 4 = ! 7?--8 2! ! 2 =/D2 = ! %((I:,:((*TIa(T 1 2! ! ! "U " = ! =/D2 1 ! !/ 0 Z(&(, Q ! Q /! 4/2 iII%(,I J 4 /! # !2 7?^8 c'*)(*+(,7?^8 6 !2 !/ 0/7?^8 / = / 9I)(* </ = ! "/ * ! "/ 2 / d)(* e2 ! "/ 7 !2 8 7c'*)(8 76 !2 ! "8 ! !4 2 Z, G ! !4 2 ! " i+( 1/ 0 ! " 2! ! 2 !/ 00 %((I:5%\ST(,T 1 2! ! ! "U "0 2!/ 0/ 2! ! 2 !/ 0=" !/ %((I'*&)(*T(,T 1 2! ! ! "U "=" !/ !/ 0/ # 2 2 = / P%(+F(+(, K / 2 2 !/ 0/ K/D2 ! = 4/2 _F(Ia( K 4=/D2 => ?? 8 9-98 @ @A-B C !"#! ?? !& %!1 #1 #!5!! '! !%#!$!%&"'!"( ( 3 2= / /! $,%(,('( K / /! 2 Q / !2 / / Z,.%,(*( 1 !2 / / * ! "/ 2 / d)(* e2 ! "/ ! !4 2 Z, G ! !4 2 ! " i+( 1/ 0 ! " G = ! h?/! / ! P*)(.:(T*Fh :(:,\F C = ! h ! / j #2 /2!/ 0 c%,&(, G !2 /2 !/ 0/ / = / 9I)(* </ = ! "/ #2 /2!/ 0 42 /! c%,%S&(, #2 /2 42 /! !/ 0/ jj # >?--A N+(,>?--A Q !/ 0/>?--A 2 BA :>A :- B >> : ?? D!6"' <"66"!'&!''""'&!& !"#! ?? E@ F#!"#!$F G - - B- H9I>> :- BHA > : F J-K-:A L,M * > 9 H9I>9 8- L,-A@HLI AH -:88 :- 9 L,M 3 > 9 H9I>9 A9LI H - 3 - 9F) - K-:@B9 > - B9H +HNOP* A,-@-B KQQ 8- A-B G 2 2 Z,&T*F&' C 2 2 G/0 2=/ L*Fha%(T\S,R(\\&: 6/0 2=/ #2 /2!/ 0 c%,&(, G !2 /2 !/ 0/ G 2 W XFIT*F 2 W G 2 ! LIT*F 2 ! G 2 Z,&T*F, C 2 0 @ 3HL -B:F)H - - HL@B9* Q + 8H +HNOOP89 ,-A 9H H9I>9>F R!"!<! ' '&!&6<!< !''" 6!6<'&!& !"#!FS'6(! 6!'&!6!"&6<!<"!!#! !"#' < &"'5'!<!"!< '<!'&!'$!"&6<!<"!' 1 !"#!%&"'!' "!"<%!FS!"!&'"! ! <$! " <1NOP"!<5!'&"'$ !5"'$ %''<!!!1!%<T6< <6&&! 1FU'$!#!" ! <$!"!"<1NOOP& 6<!<"!"1<!%F 1 23 #$% 4 ,5 9 &:%; -<-(</= > ? 5,- >% ?<5-7 @ D 3;A%2*% +,/B= ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves G/ 2 2 2 ! / !2 9(,((+IR+a,R% -! / ! 2 / 2 3 ! !0/ 2 / $,%%,(*+' ?/ 2 ! ! 3 ! ! "/ / ]*+' 1 "/ ! ! K! LI K! K/42! 22 / // /4 2 ,%(T'5)(5 G 44/ / // =/42! / O!22=! / // LIT'5)*+& 1/ //=! !/ !/ #0/ 2 $,%%,(*+(, ?/ 2 !/ 0/ # "/ ]*+(, 1 "/ !/ 0/ #0/ 2 "/ >?---A $,%%,(.*+(,>?---A ?/ 2 "/ !/ 0/>?---A #! =2 / / / ! / N,(*+a,%(+Ta,(*(,* 6 / !4 ! / =2 !/ 0/ #2 2 la)I.TF)*+(, m 2 !/ 0/ #2 2 =2 la)I.TF).Ta,(*+(, m 2. =2 !/ 0/ # 2 k,)I.TF)*+(, J 2 !/ 0/ # =2 = / P%(+Ta,(*+(, K / =2 !/ 0/ K !/ M5()I -!/ = G VL-8 9 ??? +-9 @ -+- BL + !<56''!" !"#! ??? !!5" '6<51" <("!1! "(!%'<!"'" #!$&"'!"( #=" !/2>-nA c'*&)(*+(,>-nA 3=" !/ !/ 0/>-nA / # !4 2 >?Â M5()\I(+(,>?Â G !4 2 !/ 0/>?Â G/42 ! hJ2 2 / 0 $,%&*+T'&ha'%(:,'% G//! /=" !h / . 0 0/ 3 ! ! 2 ]F(+' C ! ! Q /!W22 / c,T(,I o22 /! #=/ 2 ! L*+T(I*+(, 6// =/ !/ 0/ 3 ! !2=/ 27-n8 9,R(+'7-n8 J2=/ ! !7-n8 K/D2 = ! 2 X,:((Ia( < = ! =/D2 # = ! 2 X,:((*+(, < = ! !/ 0/ 2! ! 2 2 2 !/ 0 0 %((IF(+\:5%\S&(, 1 2! ! ! "U " 2 2 ! "0 2!/ 0/ 3 ! ! !/ 27-n8 M5(+'7-n8 -!/ ! !7-n8 2 2 =" !/ 9F&)(+T*F J =" !/ ! " !2 (I( 1 4 ! " O ! / ! hJ !2 2 9(,((I((,,hI((*+I(I -! / ! 4 / h 4 !2 3 2 2 ((*+&TI 1 44 O 2! _:SI((,, 1 ! 4 / !2 / c'*)(* 6 !2 ! "/ ! / L(%* <! ! "/ =" !/ / B)(* K" !/ ! "/ W98:-+9 ?X Y'<<'"1 (! !"#! ?X#!$!%&"'!"( K 2=/ 9,R()I J2=/ = 5 ( ( (12 ,,6 ( % $"% / ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves Sulcus retroolivaris Ïîçàäèîëèâíàÿ áîðîçäà Retro-olivary groove Foramen jugulare ßðåìíîå îòâåðñòèå Jugular foramen Ganglion superius (X) Âåðõíèé óçåë (X) Superior ganglion (X) Ganglion inferius (X) Íèæíèé óçåë (X) Inferior ganglion (X) N. vagus [X] Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Vagus nerve [X] A. carotis communis Îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Common carotid artery A. subclavia Ïîäêëþ÷è÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Subclavian artery Truncus brachiocephalicus Ïëå÷åãîëîâíîé ñòâîë Brachiocephalic trunk Arcus aortae Äóãà àîðòû Arch of aorta Plexus cardiacus Ñåðäå÷íîå ñïëåòåíèå Cardiac plexus Pars thoracica aortae [Aorta thoracica] Ãðóäíàÿ ÷àñòü àîðòû [Ãðóäíàÿ àîðòà] Thoracic aorta Plexus oesophageus Ïèùåâîäíîå ñïëåòåíèå Oesophageal plexus Truncus vagalis posterior Çàäíèé áëóæäàþùèé ñòâîë Posterior vagal trunk Rr. coeliaci ×ðåâíûå âåòâè Coeliac branches Pons Ìîñò Pons R. auricularis Óøíàÿ âåòâü Auricular branch R. meningeus Ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ âåòâü Meningeal branch R. communicans cum nervo glossopharyngeo Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñ ÿçûêîãëîòî÷íûì íåðâîì Communicating branch with glossopharyngeal nerve Rr. pharyngeales Ãëîòî÷íûå âåòâè Pharyngeal branches N. laryngeus superior Âåðõíèé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ Superior laryngeal nerve Rr. cardiaci cervicales superiores Âåðõíèå øåéíûå ñåðäå÷íûå âåòâè Superior cervical cardiac branches N. laryngeus recurrens Âîçâðàòíûé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ Recurrent laryngeal nerve Rr. cardiaci cervicales inferiores Íèæíèå øåéíûå ñåðäå÷íûå âåòâè Inferior cervical cardiac branches Rr. cardiaci thoracici Ãðóäíûå ñåðäå÷íûå âåòâè Thoracic cardiac branches N. laryngeus recurrens Âîçâðàòíûé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ Recurrent laryngeal nerve Rr. bronchiales Áðîíõèàëüíûå âåòâè Bronchial branches Plexus pulmonalis Ëåãî÷íîå ñïëåòåíèå Pulmonary plexus Hiatus oesophageus Ïèùåâîäíîå îòâåðñòèå Oesophageal hiatus Truncus vagalis anterior Ïåðåäíèé áëóæäàþùèé ñòâîë Anterior vagal trunk Rr. gastrici anteriores Ïåðåäíèå æåëóäî÷íûå âåòâè Anterior gastric branches (Rr. splenici) (Ñåëåçåíî÷íûå âåòâè) (Splenic branches) Rr. hepatici Ïå÷åíî÷íûå âåòâè Hepatic branches Rr. renales Ïî÷å÷íûå âåòâè Renal branches (Rr. pancreatici) (Ïîäæåëóäî÷íûå âåòâè) (Pancreatic branches) (Rr. intestinales) (Êèøå÷íûå âåòâè) (Intestinal branches) Ðèñ. 480 Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ, N. vagus [X], ïðàâûé è ëåâûé íåðâû; ïîëóñõåìàòè÷íî; âèä ñïåðåäè Vagus nerve, N. vagus [X], both nerves; semi-schematic; anterior view ! "#$ % %()$ % &' *+,-+./ 0 12 "#$ 3+4 9 %:$; ,<,'<.= > ?4+, >$ ?<4,6 @ 7 2;A$1)$ *+.B= ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves !"# $%&'()*!"# +, !"# , , I%1**1B Z, ,.,8 D , Y%&*1B ]D ,.,8 U 2 ,V W*L*1*41* X? 2 , 6 D, [**E)/*Q/ 5, 7,, K10:* 7,< ? , 6 D9 , KEL:)/*Q/ 9 , 2 N>Q*0>**1 O.,8 01 2 3..$""(%4#$%&$ 2&,$/$56%(+)*$%, *) 8 , **1*B -, F 3 Z,? 5, , 89 \E^>0:* G9 , 89 !"ZZ# ^>0>)*!"ZZ# G9 , !"ZZ# 6 D9 S@ D T I*J)/*Q/S_*)*4E*1**T 9 S5 9 DT 6 D ,? S@ D T Y&)/*Q/S_*)*4E*1**T Z,? S5 9 DT -, _*)E*1 -, , W>0>**1 a ,.,8 S 8 8 6 T S`1E^>0*1BT S78 8 6.,8T 789: 22 ;4<( =(""=#$%&$ 22&,$/$56%(+)*$%, *) C 5 ( ( (12 ,,6 ( % $"% / ! "#$ % %()$ % &' *+,-+./ ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves U . 9 I*J:0(*B 9 . ? 2 !ZZZ# A:1*B>)*!ZZZ# F 2 , !ZZZ# - 98 82 A1* F98 82 , Y4*40>)* , 98 82 !+e# A)*!+e# F98 82 , !+e# 2 ,!+# f)0>)*!+# 7 2 ,, !+# O 98 , 99 Kb/1*0/ 98 , 99 R, , 2 , f)0>)%* 7 2 ,, , @ D K*4E*1** 5 69 D , . \1/**40>**> 8 , R, , c*40>)%* 5 , , 6 D , [%411*B>)/*Q/ , 6 D29 8 KLE10*4/)/*Q/ 29 8 R, , 9 I*J)Q*)>)%* 9 , , 6 D929 8 4LE10*4/)/*Q/ @29 8 @ 2 6 9 , _*)041B4E:L: 5 9 ?9 , 6 01 9>: >? > @ @3..$""(%4#!.=$!"(6(.!=(+()(%#$%&$ C : 1: D,=,%4 # =,(# (&$%&,$/ 3(*4d*L1>*SE4LE10*4/*T/ R , ?? , ? . SR+]T 3(*4E*dB>*4d*4*4>*/ R , ,69 ? ?? , ? . SRo+-T KE*dB>*4d*L1>*/ 9 ? ?? , ? . S+]T 3(*4L14*4>*/ R , 2 ?? , ? . SR-T 2D !+i# I*J*0*'41)*!+i# OD , !+i# 2 ,!+# f)0>)*!+# 7 2 ,, !+# U 2 , ,62 \%:*1*41* U 2 , ,62 R, , 2 , f)0>)%* 7 2 ,, , , 9 6 Y*/>:/ ?9 6, @ 2 6 9 , _*)041B4E:L: 5 9 ?9 , 6 E F1 : 1: G)$%4 (<=),#$ # =,(# (&$%&,$/ H KLE10*4/*/ 29 8 ? . 6 D , g 2D h , , [%411*B>)/*Q/gP>**1*J*0*'41:* , gR, , .,8 ?2D , k 2 K/%)* l 2 , ,? . j :0>)*j Z,? . , j R,6 2 K*&** a 2,6 U . ,? Y&:0(*B Z,? . ? 6 D929 8 g 9 2V 4LE10*4/)/*Q/g $BQ)/L*41>)* @29 8 g R 9 , @ D K*4E*1** 5 69 D R, , 9 I*J)Q*)>)%* 9 , , . j A0>**1j F. .,8 j ? !+ZZ# Hd*)*!+ZZ# U , !+ZZ# 6 D29 8 g 9 9 ?,6 KLE10*4/)/*Q/g A%/)/L*41>)* 29 8 g m 99 , O c*40L>Qd 5 2 I J 9: : F1@2##$%&),(# (6)*$ =#5"(6)*$#("$#5)*$<=)$@ , 9 9 j H1*B>**J**4>**1j @ 9 ,.,8 j 98, j A10>)*j @8, , j U 2 ,98 , 9 ,2 \n*1*41* 98 , 9 , ? 2 , , 9 ,j Y4n>)*j 9 , , j , 9 9 2 6 j N*B>**J**4>**1j @ 9 2 6 ,.,8 j 9 ,2V h , 9 ,? j $BQ)n>)*h&**4>**1j R 9 , , h9 ,? ,.,8 j , 9 , 2 , j N>*n>**>j a 9 , , j A ? 9@ @ B!<$%,(%"=,&)(%4#!.=$!" 0 12 "#$ 3+4 9 %:$; ,<,'<.= > ?4+, >$ ?<4,6 @ 2;A$1)$ *+.B= ×åðåïíûå íåðâû Cranial nerves ? !+ZZ# Hd*)*!+ZZ# U , !+ZZ# R, , 2 , f)0>)%* 7 2 ,, , U 2 , 3B*1*41* U 2 , 2,6 . !+p# Y&*0*'41)*!+p# O,6 ., !+p# 6 D , g 2,6 . h , , [%411*B>)/*Q/g P>**1&*0*'41:* , gR, , .,8 ?2,6 ., . `*0>)* ;, 2 , 9 , Y*L>Qd>hE:'(*)n%'*4/% , 9 , 2 ,!+# f)0>)*!+# 7 2 ,, !+# 98, !Z"# W>/:10>)*!Z"# R 98, , !Z"# @ D 29, $*4E*1** 729, 9 D 6 D929 8 g 9 2 , 4LE10*4/)/*Q/g N>)/L*41>)* @29 8 g a 9 , 2 , 29, Y*L>Qd>hE:'(*) %'E**E/% , 29, R, , 2 PQ)%* F , , R,69 6 3/%Q&** @ 6,6 , W>0>)* a ,, 58 6 29, S+ZZT $41%S+ZZT 58 6 29, S+ZZT @ 2 6 9 , _*)041B4E:L: 5 9 ?9 , 6 29 PQ40>)* - 29 , R, , 9 I*J)Q*)>)%* 9 , , - 2 , , 2 6 K*L*:*B1* O 66 2 , , ,? Y&)B*>)* Z,? , 6 D29 8 KLE10*4/)/*Q/ 29 8 K ? 9@ @ 2#6$%,(%"=,&)(%4#!.=$!" !LM : 1: N),. # =,(# (&$%&,$/ 3(*4d*L1>*SE4LE10*4/*T/ R , ?? , ? . SR+]T 3(*4E*dB>*4d*4*4>*/ R , ,69 ? ?? , ? . SRo+-T KE*dB>*4d*L1>*/ 9 ? ?? , ? . S+]T 3(*4L14*4>*/ R , 2 ?? , ? . SR-T 2 ,!+# f)0>)*!+# 7 2 ,, !+# KLE10*4/*/ 29 8 ? . R, , 2 , f)0>)%* 7 2 ,, , ? !+ZZ# Hd*)*!+ZZ# U , !+ZZ# U 2 , 3B*1*41* U 2 , , W>0>)* a ,, 2,6 . !+p# Y&*0*'41)*!+p# O,6 ., !+p# 6 D , g , , 6, ,.2,6 . [%411*B>)/*Q/gP>**1/E&*0*'41L%%% , gR, , .,8 .2,6 ., , , W>0>)* a ,, 6 D929 8 g 58 6 29, 4LE10*4/)/*Q/g $41% @29 8 g 58 6 29, R,6 2 , N>*4'>*&**> O , ,6 @ D K*4E*1** 5 69 D R,6. , ^>0&** . ,,6 R, , 9 I*J)Q*)>)%* 9 , , @ 2 6 9 , _*)041B4E:L: 5 9 ?9 , 6 R, ,.2,6 . &*0*'41)%* .2,6 ., , 6 D29 8 KLE10*4/)/*Q/ 29 8 "7 : 1: B!'+#5,'!=% # =,(# (&$%&,$/ R,6.2,6 . &*0*'41&** .2,6 .,6 A ? 9@ @ B!<$%,(%"=,&)(%4#!.=$!" 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - ×åðåïíûå íåðâû, òîïîãðàôèÿ Cranial nerves, topography Septum pellucidum Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Septum pellucidum Lamina terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina terminalis Commissura anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïàéêà Anterior commissure Sinus sagittalis superior Fornix Âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Ñâîä Corpus callosum, Genu Falx cerebri Superior sagittal sinus Fornix Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Ñåðï áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Corpus callosum, genu Foramen interventriculare Falx cerebri Infundibulum Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå A. cerebri anterior Âîðîíêà Interventricular foramen Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Infundibulum Anterior cerebral artery Sinus sagittalis inferior Chiasma opticum Íèæíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Çðèòåëüíûé ïåðåêðåñò Inferior sagittal sinus Optic chiasm Corpus callosum, Truncus Bulbus olfactorius Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Îáîíÿòåëüíàÿ ëóêîâèöà Corpus callosum, trunk Olfactory bulb Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii Tractus olfactorius Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Îáîíÿòåëüíûé òðàêò Choroid plexus of third ventricle Olfactory tract Adhesio interthalamica N. opticus [II] Ìåæòàëàìè÷åñêîå ñðàùåíèå Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Interthalamic adhesion Optic nerve [II] Ventriculus tertius A. ophthalmica Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Ãëàçíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Third ventricle Ophthalmic artery Substantia nigra Tractus opticus ×åðíîå âåùåñòâî Çðèòåëüíûé òðàêò Substantia nigra Optic tract Nucleus ruber N. oculomotorius [III] Êðàñíîå ÿäðî Ãëàçîäâèãàòåëüíûé íåðâ [III] Red nucleus Oculomotor nerve [III] Corpus callosum, Splenium (Plica petroclinoidea anterior) Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê (Ïåðåäíÿÿ êàìåíèñòîCorpus callosum, splenium íàêëîíåííàÿ ñêëàäêà) V. magna cerebri (Plica petroclinoidea anterior) Áîëüøàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà N. trochlearis [IV] Great cerebral vein Áëîêîâûé íåðâ [IV] Trochlear nerve [IV] Glandula pinealis Øèøêîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà N. abducens [VI] Pineal gland Îòâîäÿùèé íåðâ [VI] Abducent nerve [VI] Pedunculus cerebri Íîæêà ìîçãà N. trigeminus [V] Cerebral peduncle Òðîéíè÷íûé íåðâ [V] Trigeminal nerve [V] Colliculus superior sinister Tentorium cerebelli Ëåâûé âåðõíèé õîëìèê Íàìåò ìîçæå÷êà Left superior colliculus Tentorium cerebelli Colliculi inferiores N. facialis [VII] Íèæíèå õîëìèêè Ëèöåâîé íåðâ [VII] Inferior colliculi Facial nerve [VII] Sinus rectus N. vestibulocochlearis [VIII] Ïðÿìîé ñèíóñ Ïðåääâåðíî-óëèòêîâûé íåðâ [VIII] Straight sinus Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII] Velum medullare superius N. glossopharyngeus [IX] Âåðõíèé ìîçãîâîé ïàðóñ N. hypoglossus [XII] ßçûêîãëîòî÷íûé íåðâ [IX] Superior medullary velum Ïîäúÿçû÷íûé íåðâ [XII] Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX] Hypoglossal nerve [XII] Pedunculi cerebellares N. vagus [X] Ìîçæå÷êîâûå íîæêè A. basilaris Áëóæäàþùèé íåðâ [X] Cerebellar peduncles Áàçèëÿðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vagus nerve [X] Basilar artery Vermis cerebelli N. accessorius [XI] ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Tuberculum gracile Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI] Vermis of cerebellum Áóãîðîê òîíêîãî ÿäðà Accessory nerve [XI] Gracile tubercle N. accessorius [XI], Radix spinalis Confluens sinuum Ventriculus quartus Äîáàâî÷íûé íåðâ [XI], ñïèííîìîçãîâîé êîðåøîê Ñèíóñíûé ñòîê ×åòâåðòûé æåëóäî÷åê Velum medullare inferius Accessory nerve [XI], spinal root Confluence of sinuses Fourth ventricle Íèæíèé ìîçãîâîé ïàðóñ Inferior medullary velum Medulla spinalis Plexus choroideus ventriculi quarti Ñïèííîé ìîçã Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå ÷åòâåðòîãî æåëóäî÷êà Tuberculum cuneatum Spinal cord Choroid plexus of fourth ventricle Áóãîðîê êëèíîâèäíîãî ÿäðà Cuneate tubercle Apertura mediana ventriculi quarti Ñðåäèííàÿ àïåðòóðà ÷åòâåðòîãî æåëóäî÷êà Median aperture of fourth ventricle Ðèñ. 487 Õîä ÷åðåïíûõ íåðâîâ, Nn. craniales, â ïîäïàóòèííîì ïðîñòðàíñòâå; óäàëåíû ëåâûå ïîëóøàðèÿ áîëüøîãî ìîçãà è ìîçæå÷êà c íàìåòîì ìîçæå÷êà Course of the cranial nerves, Nn. craniales, in the subarachnoid space; the left hemispheres of the cerebrum and the cerebellum as well as the tentorium cerebelli have been removed ./0 !" 1)2 5#6"7 8*9*%9,: ; <2)* ;" <9 2*4 =07>" /'" (),?: ×åðåïíûå íåðâû, òîïîãðàôèÿ Cranial nerves, topography 7 8" cL =! ! " 3//WR.5cI&J4(&) 7 8" c7 " =! 7 ..4$ E ! P ! 972 Q&4&/&J-&>49&%& A G ! 92 ? P ! 97 8 Q&4&/&J-&>49/&>& A G ! 9 8 ? *+! 9L! " ..&..9(&)&/.> E ! = 09! " *+! " ,-..(&)&/.. * ! " 0 *+! " @-..(&)&/.. L ! " 0 C+ !DEEF @/DEEF 6 ! G DEEF C+ !? DEPF Q&4&//DEPF <!? G DEPF *+ ? ? 8! H).. 6 ? ? 8! 0 C+ 8DPF B&>/DPF < 8 G DPF *+! 9L!G ..&..9$R.> E ! = 09!G C+! 8 DEEEF H)&-//DEEEF 6! 8 G DEEEF C+ ? ? 8!DP`F H)&/DP`F 6 ? ? 8! G DP`F 4( C+"=! DPEF 3/&-.R/DPEF *"=! G DPEF C+8 DPaF >W&/DPaF ^ 0 G DPaF !G ,R 7G C+8=" DPbF IJ>W&/DPbF ^=" G DPbF : 8 B&>) < 8 Nn. craniales 3 3Fossa crania media !"#$%!&'(%#)*+),*%#-%$Nn. craniales+*'(%1+//,%#)*+),&!$$)Fossa crania media *+! " = 9L !88! ,/.$-..(&)&/..9$&4&((45&.> \ ? ! " 09 !88! 7?8 !8 @$4 6 !!?8 " T&/R/& " L =! ! "97! " I&J4(&)9/.> 7 " =! 9! " ! E2=" 8 &&4 E2=" 8 C+ !DEEF @/DEEF 6 ! G DEEF C+! 8 DEEEF H)&-//DEEEF 6! 8 G DEEEF *+! 9L! " ..&..9(&)&/.> E ! = 09! " KL ! ! = M K,-..4(&N4&.4-4M KL ! ! = M *+ ? ? 8! H).. 6 ? ? 8! 0 C+ !? DEPF Q&4&//DEPF <!? G DEPF C+ 8DPF9\= 8 B&>/DPF9-/4&'&4 < 8 G DPF98 C+ ? ? 8!DP`F H)&/DP`F 6 ? ? 8! G DP`F C+ 8DPF9\= B&>/DPF9>//4&'&4 < 8 G DPF9 0 : 8 d B&>)d < 8 d C+"=! DPEF 3/&-.R/DPEF *"=! G DPEF C+8 DPaF >W&/DPaF ^ 0 G DPaF C+2! DPEEF S5/&/DPEEF ! G DPEEF C+G " !!? DPEEEF ,--/&N4&//DPEEEF P " !!? G DPEEEF C+8=" DPbF IJ>W&/DPbF ^=" G DPbF 4 5Sella turcica 6 Sinus cavernosus 7#'%#+%$)*/*%#-%$+*'(%#%8+!*!&'(%$%,,)'"#+)Sella turcica)*/'(%)-%#*!"$$+*"$Sinus cavernosus 9 : 3 ; < ,+*+),'%#1;=)$$%#+)*8)*8,+!*>=)$$%#?< @ 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - ! "#$ " % &'()* C+ 2! D 2! FDEF 3%&./D3%&.FDEF 6 2! 0 G D6 2! 0 G FDEF L !88! ,&4&((45&.> *+! " L !88! ,-..(&)&/.. L !88! * ! " 0 ,-4&((45&.> *+! 9L! " L !88! ..&..9(&)&/.> C+ !DEEF E ! = 09! " @/DEEF *+ ? ? 8! 6 ! G DEEF H).. 6 ? ? 8! 0 *+! "8 = C+ !? DEPF #-..(&)&/.. Q&4&//DEPF ^== ! " 0 <!? G DEPF C+2 S&%/ P+ ? ? 8! G ..)./ ? ? 8!G C+ !8 C+"=! DPEF #)/ 3/&-.R/DPEF A!8 G *"=! G DPEF C+! C+! 8 DEEEF I&&>/ C! 0 G H)&-//DEEEF 6! 8 G DEEEF *+! 9 L!G *+!88! .. @-..&-.. &..9 L !88! 0 $R.> C+8 DPaF E ! = 09 >W&/DPaF !G ^ 0 G DPaF L ! ! &&$ E ! = L G ! ! L G 28G &)&$ &)&$ &&&4 &/&&&/. E ! = P 228 G G C+8=" DPbF IJ>W&/DPbF ^=" G DPbF L !88! *+! " ,-4&((45&.> L !88! @-.. (&)&/.. L !88! L ! " 0 ,&4&((45&.> L !88! \+8 ;.// ^ "!? *+8 8 = #-..(.. ^== 8 0 C+ 8 ;4(/ A G C+ 8e Q&'&4(/ : G C+2! DPEEF S5/&/DPEEF ! G DPEEF C+G " !!? DPEEEF ,--/&N4&//DPEEEF P " !!? G DPEEEF C+!! DUEF X&%/&>/DUEF *!! 0 G DUEF *+8 @-..(.. L 8 0 8= #(&/- 8= C+G DUF QJ-WR/DUF P G DUF C+ ?0 DEUF V)4&&&>/DEUF : ?0 G DEUF *+" Q)... 1 0 AB A@B CD *+!88! ,-..&-.. * !88! 0 8!" h'>&/. 7"2828 *+! " @-..(&)&/.. Z0 ?0 L ! " 0 D: = 7 ! F @4 H$&i) 6 !! L 0 = L!+! = @-4&&&&4 L ! = ! L!+! = ,-4&&&&4 * ! = ! *+ ! " ..(&)J>4&/.. ! " 0 " ..)>.R " 2 8 =8 _&&/ 8 =8 !! ! #&.%&&)- 7 = ! * '4$(- * 2 8 ! 8 h/&&/ 8 ! 8 8 G 3/&&/ 8 G 7 ! ! #&4 7 =! ! 8 8 = Q&&)--(& :G 28== 8 0 8 8 3&&/ 8 8 *+ "0 ? g.% A"0 ? 0 Z ! G 8 hR4(&& 4(&&/ Z 2 G L8 ! ;.4.&%&&>4 &&/&&(&) 7 8 8"!?= 8 ,&-$&$&/& "!?= ! *!?= 8 ! ,.&%&&>4&&/&&(&) 7 !?=8 !! 8 8 8 @&> Q&'&&/ 6!! 8 8 8 ^0 ! ? C+?0 DUEEF D^ = " c1 "F ,&-Y.)>/DUEEF ,&-&&/(&)DQ%F Z0 G DUEEF ^0 ! ? D^ = " c1 "F j8 ! B/-.&%&&>4&&/&&(&) 7 =8 @ 3>A ? B)$$)8%!&-%$$%,$)*/*%#-%$'(#!"8('(%+*'%#*),$"#&)%!&#)*+), .)$% )*/'(%%#%.#),)#'%#+),+#,%>C+,,+$? $"0%#+!#-+%2 Z ! G 8e hR4%&'&& 4(&&/ Z 2 G L! ! &/&&/ E ! ! 8 e V(&&/ f 28 ! 8= Q&&)-(&/-&& :G 2 8= *+2 ! " ,-..J..(&)J>4&/.. * 2 ! " 0 7 G?0 _$&-Y.)>&&/ Z0 ! *+G " ,&)/&&>.. P " 0 *+2 ! " @-..J..(&)J>4&/.. L 2 ! " 0 ./0 !" 1)2 5#6"7 8*9*%9,: ; <2)* ;" <9 2*4 E =07>" /'" (),?: +," -"#" . //'/ ' j8 #$4- j8 !G @-(J$R L !G E2=" 8 &&4 E2=" 8 C ?0 ?0 I&$&i) C ?0 ?0 L " Q&.> L " C+ !DEEF @/DEEF 6 ! G DEEF L 8 = ,&(J&>.> L 8 = j ? 8 Xi(- j ? 8 *= ?0 ?0 g-&$&i) *= ?0 ?0 L= X.> L= !G ,-(J$R * !G !!9?0 ?0 B54&-&9$&i)..(4 !!9?0 ?0 2 6 ? = 97 _&/-.4&9& ? =9"=0 ? = _&/-.$) ? = D E !G ;J$R E !G !G ,R 7G C+! 8 DEEEF H)&-//DEEEF 6! 8 G DEEEF j ? 8 Xi(- j ? 8 > ? B+'"+')#F8,)*/ E2=" 8 &&4 E2=" 8 7?8 !8 @$4 6 !!?8 C+ !DEEF @/DEEF 6 ! G DEEF *+ ? ? 8! H).. 6 ? ? 8! 0 *+! 9L! " ..&..9 (&)&/.> E ! = 09! " L!+! = ,-4& &&&4 * ! = ! *+! 9L!G ..&..9 $R.> E ! = 09!G C+ !? DEPF Q&4&//DEPF <!? G DEPF C+"=! DPEF 3/&-.R/DPEF *"=! G DPEF C+ ? ? 8!DP`F H)&/DP`F 6 ? ? 8! G DP`F j8 ! B/-.&%&&>4 &&/&&(&) 7 =8 C+8 DPaF >W&/DPaF ^ 0 G DPaF C ?0 ?0 I&$&i) C ?0 ?0 *= ?0 ?0 g-&$&i) *= ?0 ?0 88 ? = 8 ,&&-44&/-$) 82 ? = Z0 ?0 D: = F H$&i) L 0 = !!9?0 ?0 B54&-&9$&i)..(4 !!9?0 ?0 2 ? = _&/-.$) ? = * '4$(- * 2 ? _&/-&N4(.R L ? = 2 K"! " M K&&4.R4&/-&N4(&&&-&)M K"! " M D E 6 3 > ? B+'"+')#F8,)*/)*/)-%#*!"$$+*"$ KL!+! = 8 =M K#-4&&&&4M K^== ! = ! M C+ !DEEF @/DEEF 6 ! G DEEF *+ ? ? 8! H).. 6 ? ? 8! 0 C+! 8 DEEEF H)&-//DEEEF 6! 8 G DEEEF C+ !? DEPF Q&4&//DEPF <!? G DEPF C+ ? ? 8!DP`F H)&/DP`F 6 ? ? 8! G DP`F C+8 DPaF >W&/DPaF ^ 0 G DPaF : 8 B&>) < 8 ! !?8 ! ,-$4.%&&)- L !?8 ! ! j ? 8 Xi(- j ? 8 Z0 ?0D: = F H$&i) L 0 = C+"=! DPEF 3/&-.R/DPEF *"=! G DPEF ? _&/-&N4(.R L ? = 2 *+! 9L!G ..&..9$R.> E ! = 09!G C+8=" DPbF IJ>W&/DPbF ^=" G DPbF *+! 9L! " ..&..9(&)&/.> E ! = 09! " @6 3 3 EG6 G 6 3 3 )-%#*!"$$+*"$ '(%0)#' !&'(%#)*+),/"#)1)'%#&!#1+*8'(%,)'%#),2),,!&'(%)-%#*!"$$+*"$()$.%%* #%1!-%/'(%'#+8%1+*),8)*8,+!*()$.%%*#%&,%'%/'!'(%$+/% 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà è âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Cranial dura mater and superior sagittal sinus Galea aponeurotica Ñóõîæèëüíûé øëåì Epicranial aponeurosis Sinus sagittalis superior Âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ Superior sagittal sinus Lamina externa Íàðóæíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà External table Diplo¸ Äèïëîý Diploe Lamina interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ ïëàñòèíêà Internal table Granulationes arachnoideae Ãðàíóëÿöèè ïàóòèííîé îáîëî÷êè Arachnoid granulations A. meningea media, R. frontalis Ñðåäíÿÿ ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, ëîáíàÿ âåòâü Middle meningeal artery, frontal branch Lacunae laterales Áîêîâûå ëàêóíû Lateral lacunae Granulationes arachnoideae Ãðàíóëÿöèè ïàóòèííîé îáîëî÷êè Arachnoid granulations Dura mater cranialis Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Cranial dura mater A. meningea media, R. parietalis Ñðåäíÿÿ ìåíèíãåàëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òåìåííàÿ âåòâü Middle meningeal artery, parietal branch Ðèñ. 494 Òâåðäàÿ îáîëî÷êà ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà, Dura mater cranialis, è âåðõíèé ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñèíóñ, Sinus sagittalis superior, ñ íåêîòîðûìè áîêîâûìè ëàêóíàìè, Lacunae laterales Cranial dura mater, Dura mater cranialis, and superior sagittal sinus, Sinus sagittalis superior, with some lateral lacunae, Lacunae laterales ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 5 >08?" /'" (),@; * +"'%,- .%&&% & (, $/% 0 6 ( =;">$+34-$%;%?%$ @ 0 ( GHA . BGHAD !"?%;;B3; . H BD H 5A( J"$;$+$"&"+?#&%&$ @( F !"#$%&&$## GHA(0 D . I;"#&#"> ?%;; D ( 00 . H 5A K"&"+,">2&"$3"?> 5 FD GA ( !"++$$#&&4#-$+;$ ( H 5A K"&"+2&"$3"?> 5 FD GHA . B GHA !"?%;;B &; . H B H C A I$"$2&"$;&; L . / 5A K"&"+,#&2&"$ 3"?> 5 FD / 0 1"$+2,$&34- 5 / 0 5A M$>++&$+$"&"+ L F ' :-;$- ' CA F !&;-%;?; N / F CA I">-$+;&; L . / GHA . BGHA !"?%;;B?$&4; . H B H CA =O?$&4$+;&; L O . / Ðèñ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a2;";WG<<X P HWG<<X TA (0 UG<<V I"&4";UG<<V < (0 HUG<<V TAH . / WG<<<X I">>;"O&-;";WG<<<X G . / HWG<<<X 5A. :$?+"$+$"&"+ N F TA / F W<bX c?-%&4";W<bX / F HW<bX TAH WbX :>$^Q";WbX G HWbX @ . S#&?4-;$+ 2#&"$ L . TA Wb<X 83$;4";Wd<X 5 F HWd<X 5 / 0( I$&$+34-$%;%?%$ @ / 0( L ( S+%-$+34-$%;%?%$ @ ( EF / WE0 . `N . X I">%;$&?%W:3#X EF / WE0 . `N .X Y( / ( . I$"?4-$ Y( / D . ( @ .(0 S?4-;O?%;$+2#&"$ @ .(0 F 7 0 8 + %,- !-,) "$%& 5AH . I?;4$+$"&"+ G . F 3 & &&/0 **4 :; & # " # - 50 " <*- !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - 60 " $4- 7 "0 =4- 5089" /'" # - )2) Îðãàíèçàöèÿ ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Organization of the brain Prosencephalon Ïåðåäíèé ìîçã Prosencephalon [Forebrain] Telencephalon Êîíå÷íûé ìîçã Telencephalon Diencephalon Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé ìîçã Diencephalon Mesencephalon * Ñðåäíèé ìîçã * Mesencephalon [Midbrain] * Encephalon Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã Brain Rhombencephalon Ðîìáîâèäíûé ìîçã Rhombencephalon [Hindbrain] Metencephalon Çàäíèé ìîçã Metencephalon Pons * Ìîñò * Pons * Cerebellum Ìîçæå÷îê Cerebellum Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulbus] * Ïðîäîëãîâàòûé ìîçã [Áóëüáóñ] * Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulb] * Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord Ðèñ. 498 Ñîñòàâ öåíòðàëüíîé íåðâíîé ñèñòåìû; ñðåäèííûé ñðåç, ñõåìà. ×àñòè, îòìå÷åííûå çíàêîì (*), ñîñòàâëÿþò ñòâîë ìîçãà, Truncus encephali Composition of the central nervous system; median section, schema. Parts marked with (*) together form the brainstem, Truncus encephali Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Foramen interventriculare Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå Interventricular foramen N. oculomotorius [III] Ãëàçîäâèãàòåëüíûé íåðâ [III] Oculomotor nerve [III] Operculum frontale Ëîáíàÿ ïîêðûøêà Frontal operculum Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Lobus parietalis Òåìåííàÿ äîëÿ Parietal lobe Lobus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ äîëÿ Frontal lobe Operculum parietale Òåìåííàÿ ïîêðûøêà Parietal operculum Prosencephalon Ïåðåäíèé ìîçã Prosencephalon [Forebrain] Telencephalon Êîíå÷íûé ìîçã Telencephalon Diencephalon Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé ìîçã Diencephalon Mesencephalon Ñðåäíèé ìîçã Mesencephalon [Midbrain] Pons Ìîñò Metencephalon Pons Çàäíèé ìîçã Metencephalon Cerebellum Rhombencephalon Ìîçæå÷îê Ðîìáîâèäíûé ìîçã Cerebellum Rhombencephalon [Hindbrain] Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulbus] Ïðîäîëãîâàòûé ìîçã [Áóëüáóñ] Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulb] Ðèñ. 499 Ðàçâèòèå ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà; ìîäåëü ìîçãà ïðèìåðíî 2-ìåñÿ÷íîãî ýìáðèîíà; ñðåäèííûé ñðåç Development of the brain; model of the brain of an approx. 2-month-old embryo, median section Insula [Lobus insularis] Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Lobus temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Temporal lobe Operculum temporale Âèñî÷íàÿ ïîêðûøêà Temporal operculum Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord Ðèñ. 500 Ðàçâèòèå ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà; ìîçã ïðèìåðíî 4-ìåñÿ÷íîãî ïëîäà (òåìåííî-êîï÷èêîâàÿ äëèíà 20 ñì); âèä ñëåâà Development of the brain; brain of an approx. 4-month-old foetus (crown-rump length 20 cm); viewed from the left ./0 !" 1)2 ?#@"8 A*B*%B,C 6 D2)* 6" DB 2*4 > 5089" /'" (),;C & :; ' !# $ ?=CR" ?- ?J = D :; ' E E ; F -. T8 & ; V9E ; M"#QCC -=C = E ; :9 E ; M"#QCC -=C- # $= E ; E ; E S4CC -=C- # $= GE E ; V9E ; + #"$CC -=C = E ; :9 ; !#"$U"6#= ?=C- # $= ; V9; !#"$U"6#= ?=C = ; :9 ; B"6#= ?=C- # $= @; V9 ;; ! 86U"6#= ?=C = ;; :9 ;; ! 86U"6#= ?=C- # $= ;; V9+: S=$A#="=C = +: :9 V9: X =C = Y: :9 ;; M56#6""=C- # $= G;; D ' ; M"#QCC6""=C$ ?A= ; ' D ' ; E S4CC6""=C$ ?A= GE ; ' : ! C8=C- # $= @: ; ; ; K"" W=6. 2=C- # $= ; W ; ; L=6. 2. T8 I; D E!FG !H F H ; I ;I ? ! !! I J ? ",.,9.2$ FK,0,)-,%+/0#)H F H/*(,..,$#1/0#*(+,-./)'/0 /./-+)#'4$/(,.&2%,.'#.1',7L#.$/('#)#*(+,83.'1/.',&-#)&'4,./903 E 3 & &&/0 **4 :; & # " # - 50 " <*- !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - 60 " $4- 7 "0 =4- 5089" /'" # - )2) ! "# GE' + M # A= GE' + /9 9%V ;;( Z ;;9: NO ;%GG( L#6" ?."#%GG( I;P%GG( E ; F -. T8 & ; '; =2."- # $. I'; V9 '; =2." . I'; :9 ;+ M8 2. T8 0+ ';;E ;; !"#"$""# $.#C " ""R"86 Y; E ;'; NO + ; %GGG( = $=6" ?."#%GGG( I + ; P%GGG( V9 + [\ !=#= A== ?=C =[A#T2 A + :9[ @ ++ 8U"$ "6" ++ 9' 9 ' S 4A= = @' V9 ; ;+ ; F=6"#= ?=C=6. 2 W8 2=C = D; ; ;+ :9 ;+ E S4CC8 2=C- # $= GE ;+ V9 + !=#= A== ?=C = + :9 NO;:+%]( K# 2."#%]( 0:+ P%]( NO;+ !# "456 2."# G;+;P NOE %]GG( FU" "#%]GG( & P%]GG( NOP;' %]GGG( !#"$$"# W5 6A ."#%]GGG( ];' P%]GGG( D 'E [& 1 2A W5" A =C$ C[A 2 A & '[E ^ P; _; 85$86 "8 "6""2"6"#6 4" 5$ 2A= @ ^ EE ;P; /++' ! 5J=#" 4"2A= /+ E' + NO: 9:%G`( a.A 6 2."#%G`( V 9: P%G`( NOP:%`( > 54$=TR"#%`( ]:P%`( NO9 : %`GG( NO %`G( ! $bC.2."#%`GG( /9 : P%`GG( c -= 2."#%dG( Y 9P%dG( & PP %@e( 1 #"JA ."6J" 8 "#=%@e( * ; EP P%@e( & :; ' !# $ ?=CR" ?- ?J = D :; ' E E; H- C6" ?=C- # $= I E; 9 ' E; H- C6" ?=C 5A U= I E; 9' ' 0; E; H- C6" ?.6#=A6 I E; 9;; @+ ;+ L#6" ?."#"A#"86 I;+ ; E; ; F=6"#= ?=C - C6" ?=C 8A= D; ; 0'+ "#.-5 # 0'+ NO+^ %]f( M"#Q"2" T86 "#%]f( ^ 9P%]f( NO ; +%]e( = "#%]e( I; +P%]e( & ; 7"4 4A =CCA= G; E NO;:+%]([*^+ ; K# 2."#%]([ $=6" ?.A #"J A 0:+ P%]([+ ; ; NO+' %]g( S4"2" T86 "#%]g( ' P%]g( V: ;:+ K# 2.5" 0:+ :: NO; %G]( > A ."#%G]( 0 P%G]( 7 86 NO;:+%]([*^ K# 2."#%]([25866" ?.A #"J A 0:+ P%]([ 9 ; /++' ! 5J=#" 4"2A= /+ E' + NO'%]G( H6 $CR"#%]G( Y';P%]G( ]+' h"#? 4"2A= ]+ E' + 3; 9++ !"#"A#"86#=$ 3; E9+ I P H = GE P 9++ ' :; !#=$=# $ =6 = 9+ ' :;[&+; ; L=6. 2. T8 !# $ =6. ["#"$CC8#"$=CR" ? ' :;[; +E I; 0 ' 7$= = 4"2A= 0 E' + J ! ; I M./') 7'(+(+,-./)'/0),.1,& ')*,.'#.1',7 ./0 !" 1)2 ?#@"8 A*B*%B,C 6 D2)* 6" DB 2*4 F 5089" /'" (),;C ! "# & :; ' !# $ ?=CR" ?- ?J = D :; ' E E ; F -. T8 & ; V9; !#C=C = ;:;:9 E; H- C6" ?=C- # $= I E; 9 @+ ;+ L#6" ?."#"A#"86 I;+ V9 '; =2." . I'; :9 '; =2."- # $. I'; ;+ M8 2. T8 0+ GE' + M # A= GE' + 0'+ "#.-5 # 0'+ & ; ' F=6"#= ?=CCA=- ?J = D; ' E V9 + [\ !=#= A== ?=C =[A#T2 A + :9[ 0: + E; + H- C6" ?.6#"5 ?A I E; 9;: ;+ E S4CC8 2=C- # $= GE ;+ V9 ; ;+ ; ;+ F=6"#= ?=C"$= ?=C =6. 2 W8 2." . D; + ; ;+ :9 @ ++ 8U"$ "6" ++ 9' 9 V9;+ E S4CC8 2=C = GE ;+ :9 & ; 7"4 4A =CCA= G; E ' S 4A= = @' ';;E ; ; L=$""# $.#C " ""R"86 ; E ;'; ';;: h"# ""R"86 ';;: V9 + !=#= A== ?=C = + :9 + A== ?=C- # $= / + ; 1 =6"#= ?=C- # $= @ ; G;+:9: !"#"J""A C8 . G;+ E: ;:9 ; ;+ L=6. 2 W8 2=C- # $= I; ;+ V9: ! C8=C = @: ;:9 0:+;++ ! A#.JA=8#"$" = 0:+;+ E+' V9 : a.2=C = D: :9 0;++ [@ 1#.J=8#"$" =["#QQ A 0;+ E+'[ Y_;+ M $ # $8#"$" = Y_; E+' ; L=6. 2. T8 I; i #=C- # $= @ @ +[ + 7 86 "6" [= A @ +[ + N ; IE ? E!! ? ; IE ? E!! !; O3.'#*(+,-,.,9./0+,$'&%+,.,& /)48.##1,&#*(+,-,.,9./0 +,$'&%+,.,& (+,$'49./')+/&9,,)&,-('#),4 2% %%./ ))3 9: %"! " , 4/! ;), ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , 5/! #3, 6 !/ <3, 4/78! .&! " , (1( Äîëè êîíå÷íîãî ìîçãà Lobes of the telencephalon Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Lobus parietalis Òåìåííàÿ äîëÿ Parietal lobe Lobus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ äîëÿ Frontal lobe Lobus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ äîëÿ Frontal lobe Sulcus parietooccipitalis Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Parieto-occipital sulcus Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Lobus parietalis Òåìåííàÿ äîëÿ Parietal lobe Lobus temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Temporal lobe Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Fossa lateralis cerebri Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ÿìêà áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Lateral cerebral fossa Polus temporalis Âèñî÷íûé ïîëþñ Temporal pole Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Sulcus parietooccipitalis Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Parieto-occipital sulcus Ðèñ. 504 Äîëè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, Lobi cerebri; âèä ñâåðõó Lobes of the cerebrum, Lobi cerebri; superior view Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Lobus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ äîëÿ Frontal lobe Lobus frontalis Ëîáíàÿ äîëÿ Frontal lobe Diencephalon Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé ìîçã Diencephalon Sulcus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Lateral sulcus Diencephalon Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé ìîçã Diencephalon Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Sulcus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ áîðîçäà Cingulate sulcus Lobus limbicus Ëèìáè÷åñêàÿ äîëÿ Limbic lobe Sulcus parietooccipitalis Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Parieto-occipital sulcus Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Lobus limbicus, Gyrus parahippocampalis Ëèìáè÷åñêàÿ äîëÿ, ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Limbic lobe, parahippocampal gyrus Incisura preoccipitalis Ïðåäçàòûëî÷íàÿ âûðåçêà Preoccipital notch Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Gyrus parahippocampalis, Uncus Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà, êðþ÷îê Parahippocampal gyrus, uncus Lobus temporalis Corpus callosum Âèñî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî Temporal lobe Corpus callosum Fossa lateralis cerebri Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ÿìêà áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Lateral cerebral fossa Lobus temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Temporal lobe Ðèñ. 505 Äîëè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, Lobi cerebri; âèä ñëåâà Lobes of the cerebrum, Lobi cerebri; viewed from the left Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Polus temporalis Âèñî÷íûé ïîëþñ Temporal pole Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Sulcus calcarinus Øïîðíàÿ áîðîçäà Calcarine sulcus Sulcus collateralis Êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Collateral sulcus Incisura preoccipitalis Ïðåäçàòûëî÷íàÿ âûðåçêà Preoccipital notch Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Fossa lateralis cerebri Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ÿìêà áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Lateral cerebral fossa Polus temporalis Âèñî÷íûé ïîëþñ Temporal pole Mesencephalon Sulcus hippocampalis Ñðåäíèé ìîçã Ãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Mesencephalon [Midbrain] Hippocampal sulcus Sulcus hippocampalis Sulcus collateralis Ãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Hippocampal sulcus Collateral sulcus Ðèñ. 506 Äîëè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, Lobi cerebri; âèä ñíèçó Lobes of the cerebrum, Lobi cerebri; inferior view Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Incisura preoccipitalis Ïðåäçàòûëî÷íàÿ âûðåçêà Preoccipital notch Lobus temporalis Âèñî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Temporal lobe Ðèñ. 507 Äîëè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, Lobi cerebri; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Lobes of the cerebrum, Lobi cerebri; medial view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yri cerebri -0 + Sulci cerebri 45 $ .("$# Gyri cerebri .*'6 % .("$# Sulci cerebri%$&' "( 8 9 :;!(!;<=>?;: 88 @ ) :;!(!ABCDEB: ' ( C/ ( = E2 0 % A 6 = @<1 0 % A 6 +, 3 V. ... % ' 3 3, 6 ' ( 6 -0 4 ( ' ( ! & ( ') 1 % ') +, ( W @. ... % = 3, 6 ' ( ) 7.% 8 ) ( / )-0 + Gyri cerebri -0 + Sulci cerebri,1 0 )2)+, ))+ 3)+01- 1 45 $ .("$# Gyri cerebri.*' 6 % .("$# Sulci cerebri7#! $*!(.. "%.( *.(#. $.(.*'"# .(# !(.%$&' "( =D 2% %%./ ))3 9: %"! " , 4/! ;), ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , 5/! #3, 6 !/ <3, 4/78! .&! " , (1( '(!)* ! +%#&##,&# Xa XX XY XZ 2 1 4 +, +, ( 7 +, +, = C/D 0 D 13 ) 8 5 6 3 +, +, G ) 6 ` 6 3 _ 12 +, = 7<./ 0 6 ^ ' ( 11 ' ( ) 3 ] +, 6 \ [ = E2 0 A 10 Z I 3 7O." " = ) 3 +, 6 Y +, 6 7O 0 ... = 6 3, +, 6 ) G J 0 ... IGG 6 3, +, 6 6 N.; 0 ... 6 6 3, +, ( >. ... &( 3, +, P2 ... 3, +, %P2 ... 3, +, ) 7O .% ... = ) 3, +, ) ) G J .% ... IGG ) 3, +, ) 6 N.; .% ... 6 ) 3, ' ( 7O / 2 = ( ' ( 6 N.; / 2 6 ( +, ) 3 N ... = ) 3 3, +, 3 T1 ... U3 3, X +, = 4 ( -2 0 . / 0251 /1 ' ( G 6 9 ) +, ) ) G 6 I 3 6 N.;2" " 6 ) 3 / )-0 + Gyri cerebri 45 $ .("$# Gyri cerebri%$&' "( I 3 7O." " = ) 3 \ ] ^ _ + [ Z 8 6 Y +, 6 7O 0 ... = 6 3, +, 3 % ... A3 3, 9 @$ 9 +, ) 1.##/#2 ... ) 3, +, ) ) G F.2 D.% ... I G ) 3, A @. A .2 ' ( P2 2 ( +, X 3 , ' ( D 7 D 2 6 1 A ) 3, 3 5 #%" ... ) 6 3 3, 3 9 +, ) /.2 ... ) 3, +, ) -2 D.% ... ' ) 3, 5 ) ) G , 4 + ) +, ) +, 6 N.; .% ... 6 ) 3, I 3 6 ) G N.;/.2" " 6 ) G ) 3 / )-0 + Gyri cerebri )+ ,)- 45 $ .("$# Gyri cerebri"'$.(%$& -./ ! 0(1 > "?!7 @)A)$A+B 5 C1() 5! CA 1)3 =E 4/78! .&! '(+:B -./) "#&# +, P2 ... 3, +, %P2 ... 3, +, 6 6 * N.; 0 ...* #5 %2 6 6 3,* +, ) W ## .% ... U W ) 3, F)1G) ) 3 HI2 ,1-0 + 0F, :9 ,3)0, ) ,,031 2 ) G2:J3) 2 2)) 21 K,1 L ) ,)+1 +3)+0, 2 ) ),))HH0), M!*$*.( $.(. . .( "$# . '$*6MBNA;ONA%$&' "(:O".#$ 6.*$P.$*$$((! .'".$.((5:O# $". 5 $%$*6. . .!'$ 5$"#!(K. &L7*'% !## '6"# .( (*$$** ! . . / 0%2 I b c%%P.. / 0%2 I . %<O %% 0%2 UG , b J/%% 0%2 = , b . .2 %% 0%2 d b J% %%P.. 0%2 = , c%%P.. .2 %% 0%2 d c%%P.. %<O %% 0%2 UG , +, P2 ... 3, +, %P2 ... 3, = B# 0 A F)1G) ) 3 HI2 ,1-0 + 0F, )+,)-:9 ,3)0, ) ,,031 2 ) G2 M!*$*.( $.(. . .( "$# . '$*6MBNA;ONA"'$.(%$&:O".#$ 6.*$P.$* $$((! .'".$.((5 <6 66 .((+ $%11%.1 #$%$%& 6" 3" -. )1% '(%) 2 34 " 2"6! " -. %$%1 *%5%1 7/1 (8 /9% ) *+) ,+) ! " -%%). /0/1 Ñâîä Fornix Bulbus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíàÿ ëóêîâèöà Olfactory bulb Gyrus rectus Ïðÿìàÿ èçâèëèíà Straight gyrus Tractus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíûé òðàêò Olfactory tract N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Trigonum olfactorium Îáîíÿòåëüíûé òðåóãîëüíèê Olfactory trigone Chiasma opticum Çðèòåëüíûé ïåðåêðåñò Optic chiasm Fornix, Columna Ñâîä, ñòîëá Fornix, column Tractus opticus Çðèòåëüíûé òðàêò Optic tract Corpus mamillare Ñîñöåâèäíîå òåëî Mammillary body Corpus amygdaloideum Ìèíäàëåâèäíîå òåëî Amygdaloid body Uncus Êðþ÷îê Uncus Gyrus parahippocampalis Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Parahippocampal gyrus Fornix, Corpus Ñâîä, òåëî Fornix, body Gyrus dentatus Çóá÷àòàÿ èçâèëèíà Dentate gyrus Corpus callosum, Truncus Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Corpus callosum, trunk Fornix, Crus Ñâîä, íîæêà Fornix, crus Corpus callosum, Splenium Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê Corpus callosum, splenium Fornix, Commissura Ñâîä, ñïàéêà Fornix, commissure Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Gyrus fasciolaris Ëåíòî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Fasciolar gyrus Ðèñ. 514 Ñâîä, Fornix, ïîñëå óäàëåíèÿ áàçàëüíûõ ÷àñòåé ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà; âèä ñíèçó Fornix, Fornix, after removal of the basal parts of the brain; inferior view Sulcus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ áîðîçäà Cingulate sulcus Corpus callosum, Splenium Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê Corpus callosum, splenium Sulcus parietooccipitalis Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Parieto-occipital sulcus Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Cuneus Êëèí Cuneus Sulcus calcarinus Øïîðíàÿ áîðîçäà Calcarine sulcus Fornix, Crus Ñâîä, íîæêà Fornix, crus Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Lobus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íàÿ äîëÿ Occipital lobe Fasciculus mamillothalamicus Ñîñöåâèäíî-òàëàìè÷åñêèé ïó÷îê Mammillothalamic fasciculus Fimbria hippocampi Áàõðîìêà ãèïïîêàìïà Fimbria (hippocampi) Gyrus dentatus Çóá÷àòàÿ èçâèëèíà Dentate gyrus Corpus mamillare Ñîñöåâèäíîå òåëî Mammillary body Fornix, Corpus Ñâîä, òåëî Fornix, body Corpus callosum, Truncus Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Corpus callosum, trunk Septum pellucidum Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Septum pellucidum Fornix, Columna (Pars libera) Ñâîä, ñòîëá (ñâîáîäíàÿ ÷àñòü) Fornix, column (pars libera) Foramen interventriculare Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå Interventricular foramen Corpus callosum, Genu Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Corpus callosum, genu Corpus callosum, Rostrum Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êëþâ Corpus callosum, rostrum Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Commissura anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïàéêà Anterior commissure Bulbus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíàÿ ëóêîâèöà Olfactory bulb Tractus olfactorius Îáîíÿòåëüíûé òðàêò Olfactory tract N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Lamina terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina terminalis Fornix, Columna (Pars tecta) Ñâîä, ñòîëá (ñêðûòàÿ ÷àñòü) Fornix, column (pars tecta) Gyrus parahippocampalis, Uncus Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà, êðþ÷îê Parahippocampal gyrus, uncus Ðèñ. 515 Ñâîä, Fornix, âèä ñ íèæíåìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Fornix, Fornix, inferomedial view : 34 ;%/0.%1 > "? @(A(5A9B C%0/(1 CA. 0(+ = ! 7/9&B1 Ñâîä è ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïàéêà Fornix and anterior commissure :7 ?7 !>!$ U#$ !$V!9!!9 O7 ?7 W7 <)77 P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<! -. !9 O 87 <7 7 R)7 **8S R !%!$-.'#" S R)7 **8S )**7 # #> 0/.& A7 ** )*+ * , "#$-./# #& #0" (+ * 23 45W6 P!&!-.# 45W6 1 7845W6 23 * 45556 X!>9"#$-.# 45556 ( * 7845556 23 *74W6 L !.F-.# 4W6 1*7784W6 W7 <)7 *+ P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<0!F-. !9 O 87 < *+7 23 4W556 K'#!.# 4W556 : 784W556 H7 @!0" H7 238 4W5556 #>># !M%"&!-.# 4W5556 W 784W5556 23? 74W56 "!> U.# 4W56 A? 7 784W56 23+745[6 \-&!9!"!F-.# 45[6 +77845[6 : D!F!& : 2384[6 P%J>EU.# 4[6 W784[6 H; ?87 Y =!0%>0"!#0/#"##F#"# "!9!J#%>!F& )?+; 87 23 4[56 ^! !F-.# 4[56 A 784[56 Z*+* !%V #!J#F& Z*+ * B7 +74B?7 ]6 !>!9!"-.!94P%$ %06 B7 +74B?7 ]6 23+4[556 !>_ -F-.# 4[556 Z+784[556 1 / 2 Commissura anterior Truncus encephali 2 / 3$% 4&& ++5%Commissura anterior"0*" +$%&Truncus encephali"#$% ,"$ "(%&'"(#$)%*"+"(,"$+#$)%4%%*5&"$% 6 #% :7;<)+ =!><"#! :7;<? )+** =!0'#>!#"#! B**? :7;<)** =!><0/.& :7;< ** :*77 87 @#JJ#%>!F&!-#!"# 0" 57 87 *7 :7;<)*7 =!><0"! :7;< *7 )**7 # #> 0/.& A7 ** 7 ?7*? @#>$-#/ !>!$-#/!!0& B?7 ?7 RHS R=! !> F0"$S RHS 7 ?7 K"# $-#/ !>!$-#/!!0& O 7 ?7 RH S R=& -" F0"$S RH S )+ *<+7* @!!0"!#"#!<& )+ *<+7* H7 # #> F0"$ A7 + K#"!F : H+ ,> F0"$ H + :7;<) =!><!J& :7;< 177 K#"0!> 17R7;S )+*??* @>#>!#"#! A*??? :*++ *+ PQ !&9//!&/ :*R++ *+S H++ *+ `!J&9//!&/ H++ *+ ?7 ,% F" I7 Fornix / 2 Commissura anterior !Fornix"0"$% 4&& ++5%, Commissura anterior' %-%0#&$)%(%#$ 57?** =# -./!& ! 57?** D <6 66 .((+ $%11%.1 #$%$%& 6" 3" -. )1% '(%) 2 34 " 2"6! " -. %$%1 *%5%1 7/1 (8 /9% ) *+) ,+) ! " -%%). /0/1 !"# $% % 7 7 `J.09""$-.0%0 57 7 W83+ <W83+ a# Q#!9!-##-<"##-##+ 87<+ 87 7 + a# Q.09""$-.0%0 + 7 :; =# / !$V!9!!9 :; A3 *7 D # "# !!0"!9!"# )*7 :7;<)+ =!><"#! :7;<? 2 ? <)+ b!0""!# > !<9!!& )? 7 <? W3 * + a# Q "!0" # + * 87 W37 7 a%" # !9! # 57 7 87 1* L%0 1* H *7 =&! %/ H *7 A3+ &!!!!0" "# H )+ *<17 @!!0"!#"#!<0"! )+ *< 7G W7 <H 7 P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<'#" $ F0"$ O 87 < 7 + H; ?87 =!0%>0"!#0/#"## !&!!9!J#%>!F& )?+; 87 )+7 7 a%" # &/0% )+; 7 ` %J &/0% 57 7 + c; 7 + )+; * = %J &/0% c; * + A37 0" !&!-# "# 57 W83*?+ !# Q!0"-#0 #>#!9!-##+ *?? 87 574O76 0" !!&40" !&! >! 6 574576 +?*? @#>$-."# $-. #>-#V +?*?7? *7 ) * 9 > ) * H; ?87 =!0%>0"!#0/#"##" #"$#9!J#%>!F& )?+; ?87 W7 L #".J#%>!F#& 1?87 W837 `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b!0""!# > !<"#! )? 7 <? H *7 =&! %/ H *7 1* L%0 1* +? P#>-.V +? W7 <)77 P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<! -. !9 O 87 <7 7 2 ? <)+ b!0""!# > !<9!!& )? 7 <? W7 <)7 + P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<"-!F-. !9 O 87 < + 7 2 ? <)? b!0""!# > !<Q!0" )? 7 < )+*??* @>#>!#"#! A*??? W7 <)7 *+ P!&!!.J#%>!F#&<0!F-. !9 O 87 < *+7 7 / 8"+"(54(% "0$)"("&5+ ' %-%0#&$)%(%#$ : 34 ;%/0.%1 > "? @(A(5A9B C%0/(1 CA. 0(+ E ! 7/9&B1 &'()*+# ' , - ./% H; ?87 =!0%>0"!#0/#"##" #"$#9!J#%>!F& )?+; ?87 + *+ ?* :*77 87 ! F /# #9! !>& @#JJ#%>!F&!!#!"# 0"# + *+ ?* 57 87 *7 :7;<)+ =!><"#! :7;<? 1* L%0 1* + * X/!"F#0& ! !> Z+ * )+ *<T * @!!0"!#"#!<&E )+ *< * :7;<)*7 =!><0"! :7;< *7 + *7 "# $ H *7 )**7 A # #> 0/.& !>!!0"!#/!# A7 ** O*7 *7 Z+ * L# $ /0"& X/!"%0 O*7 *7 Z+ * T ++ T 77? =%/ !/"F#0&!#%9% ## d9% ##! !& +M+ 577? )*+ * , "#$-./# #& #0" ) 7 * (+ * e0"# /# #& #0" )* 7 )+**?; * !#0!0'#>!#"#! A3 + T ***? ,> !9! "# H A?7++ g>#!9/!f 77 87 A?7++ @#J/#U# 0"-.0%0 57 877 2++ `#. !9/!f A3 2++ P "# :7;<)** =!><0/.& :7;< ** 1 ?87 =!0%>0" !0!" #"$#9!J#%>!F& )?**7 ?87 )+ *<+7* @!!0"!#"#!<& )+ *<+7* *? * @!9! /!!0&"%0 *? * )**7* =/.&/!!>&! Z7 ** T ++7 `>VV&!>!#%9% ## ++7 T +7 NV&!>!#%9% ## 7?+7 NV&!> J## H7 H77? )**+ ,> 0/.& H ** 1 **7 + 1*7 **7 + D -V0 #>#9!!9 !& -V&0 #>#9!!9 1 **?7 1*7 **?7 AY? *7 + a!>!/ !!>0 #>#9!!9 AY? *?7 O 7 e#" $ >!$& )7 W**?+ a# Q.!9!!./ %0 +*?8* H; P !#0/#"## +; ) 77 +?7 @#J!J&! '0"# 57 +?7 7 >/ . 2 &%0 "+%4$ A+ * K"# $ 9/!"F#0& ! 0"$ O + * )**7 # #> 0/.& A7 ** )+ *<T * @!!0"!#"#!<&E O*7 *7 )+ *< * L# $ /0"& O*7 *7 2 ++ #>!/"F#0&# > H+ 7 2 7 + * # #>## > !9/!"%0 A7 + * 7 1 +87 ++ #" &%!9/!f -./%"$ H87 ++ 2 + * `>/# #& #0"!# > ! + * 7 2 ++ =%/ !/"F#0&!# > ! +M+ 7 T ++ =%/ !/"F#0&!#%9% ## +M+ )*+ * , "#$-./# #& #0" (+ * 23+ 4556 , "#$-.# 4556 (+ 784556 A3+++ RA3 7 7<H S a# Q 9/!f "# Ra%" # 0! "# <!9! F0"$S +++ R57 7 ? < + S 1 + *++ X/!"!M9/!f -./%"$ Z+ *++ A?7++ g>#!9/!f A?7++ W83+ ++ a! !"-##-9/!f H 87++ )*77 ="! 0!> )*77; A3++7RA3 7 7<H 87S `J 9/!f "# Ra%" # 0! "# </#U# 0" F0"$S 57++ R57 7 ? < 87+ S / / ?) 0'%$ 4(% :*77 87 @#JJ#%>!F&!!#!"# 0"# 57 87 *7 2 +87 #" &% -# > H87 7 :7;<)+ =!><"#! :7;<? H7 @!0" H7 A?7 * @#J"F#0&!#0 U## 57 * ?7 1 ? 1* =!0%>0" !0! L%0 )?**7 1* H; ? =!0%>0"!#0/#"## )?+; *? * @!9! /!!0&"%0 *? * 2 ?*? ^! 0!#>$!# > ! I*?7 2++ `#. !9/!f 2++ @ / B<,$)"("&5+ 1 ++ ++ =%/ !/"&!M9/!f -./%"$ +M+ ++ 2 ?+ * ^! 0$!# > !9/!"%0 I7 R+ *S A+ * K"# $ 9/!"F#0& ! 0"$ O + * + * X/!"F#0& ! !> Z+ * : ** * =!0'#>!M"F#0&./%F!& B** * : ** *7 =!0'#>!M/!& -V#F-./%F!& B** *7 2 *7 \> /!& -V& 1*7 7 2 + + * ,>## > !9/!"%0 H 7 + * 2 D 0!# > ! T?7 7 + + ,>##/ !>- #!##U#0"! H + ? 7 R2 +**S R\> 0!0'#>!9!"#S R2 ***?S 2 87 *?+ * a#" !#>$!# > !9/!"%0 W7 *?7 + * 2 =# ! %9! -#>%9!! !# > 17? 7 // 2 / 2A '%' %-54(% "% ((5+$"$%0$"+(54%$(<&%0 "(' %- = 7 77! /)), %&22&/2 $%&%&' 7 # 4 # ./ *2& ()&* 3 45 # 3#7" # ./ &%&2 +&6&2 802 )9 0:& * +,* -,* !" # .&&*/ 0102 ßäðà òàëàìóñà Thalamic nuclei Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu frontale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, ëîáíûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, frontal horn Nuclei reticulares Ðåòèêóëÿðíûå ÿäðà Reticular nuclei Nuclei anteriores Ïåðåäíèå ÿäðà Anterior nuclei Capsula interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Internal capsule b Ëåâîå ïîëóøàðèå áîëüøîãî ìîçãà; âèä ñëåâà. Left cerebral hemisphere; viewed from the left Nuclei mediani; Adhesio interthalamica Ñðåäèííûå ÿäðà; Ìåæòàëàìè÷åñêîå ñðàùåíèå Median nuclei; Interthalamic adhesion Nuclei ventrales: Nucleus ventralis anterior; Nucleus ventralis intermedius; Nucleus ventralis posterolateralis; Nucleus ventralis posteromedialis Âåíòðàëüíûå ÿäðà: Nucleus centromedianus Ïåðåäíåå âåíòðàëüíîå ÿäðî; Öåíòðîìåäèàííîå ÿäðî Ïðîìåæóòî÷íîå âåíòðàëüíîå ÿäðî; Centromedian nucleus Çàäíåëàòåðàëüíîå âåíòðàëüíîå ÿäðî; Nucleus parafascicularis Çàäíåìåäèàëüíîå âåíòðàëüíîå ÿäðî Ïàðàôàñöèêóëÿðíîå ÿäðî Ventral nuclei: Parafascicular nucleus Ventral anterior nucleus; Ventral intermediate nucleus; Ventral posterolateral nucleus; Ventral posteromedial nucleus Nuclei mediales Ìåäèàëüíûå ÿäðà Medial nuclei (Nuclei metathalami): Nuclei corporis geniculati lateralis; Nuclei corporis geniculati medialis (ßäðà ìåòàòàëàìóñà): ßäðà ëàòåðàëüíîãî êîëåí÷àòîãî òåëà; ßäðà ìåäèàëüíîãî êîëåí÷àòîãî òåëà (Nuclei of metathalamus): Lateral geniculate nuclei; Medial geniculate nuclei Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu occipitale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, çàòûëî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, occipital horn c Ïðàâîå ïîëóøàðèå áîëüøîãî ìîçãà; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû. Right cerebral hemisphere; medial view Nuclei dorsales: Nucleus dorsalis lateralis; Nucleus lateralis posterior; Nuclei pulvinares Äîðñàëüíûå ÿäðà: Äîðñàëüíîå ëàòåðàëüíîå ÿäðî; Çàäíåå ëàòåðàëüíîå ÿäðî; ßäðà ïîäóøêè Dorsal nuclei: Lateral dorsal nucleus; Lateral posterior nucleus; Pulvinar nuclei à Ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç ëåâîãî ïîëóøàðèÿ áîëüøîãî ìîçãà. Horizontal section through the left cerebral hemisphere. Ðèñ. 522 ac ßäðà è êîðêîâûå ïðîåêöèè òàëàìóñà. ßäðà è ïðèñóùèå èì êîðêîâûå ïðîåêöèè ïîêàçàíû îäèíàêîâûìè öâåòàìè Nuclei and cortical projections of the thalamus. Corresponding nuclei and cortical projections are indicated by the same colour Nucleus caudatus, Corpus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, òåëî Caudate nucleus, body Genu capsulae internae, Fibrae corticonucleares Êîëåíî âíóòðåííåé êàïñóëû, êîðêîâî-ÿäåðíûå âîëîêíà Genu of internal capsule, corticonuclear fibres Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Crus anterius capsulae internae Ïåðåäíÿÿ íîæêà âíóòðåííåé êàïñóëû Anterior limb of internal capsule Ðèñ. 523 ßäðà òàëàìóñà, êîñîé âèä ñçàäè. Öâåòîâûå îáîçíà÷åíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþò ðèñ. 522 Thalamic nuclei, oblique view from posterior. For colour coding see Fig. 522 Fibrae corticospinales; Fibrae corticorubrales; Fibrae corticoreticulares; Fibrae corticothalamicae; Fibrae thalamoparietales Êîðêîâî-ñïèííîìîçãîâûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-êðàñíîÿäåðíûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-ðåòèêóëÿðíûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-òàëàìè÷åñêèå âîëîêíà; Òàëàìîòåìåííûå âîëîêíà Corticospinal fibres; Corticorubral fibres; Corticoreticular fibres; Corticothalamic fibres; Thalamoparietal fibres Radiatio thalami centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü òàëàìóñà Central thalamic radiation Fibrae temporopontinae Âèñî÷íî-ìîñòîâûå âîëîêíà Temporopontine fibres Radiatio thalami posterior Çàäíÿÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü òàëàìóñà Posterior thalamic radiation Radiatio thalami anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü òàëàìóñà Anterior thalamic radiation Tractus frontopontinus Ëîáíî-ìîñòîâîé ïóòü Frontopontine fibres Fibrae parietooccipitopontinae Òåìåííî- è çàòûëî÷íîìîñòîâûå âîëîêíà Parieto- and occipitopontine fibres Radiatio optica Çðèòåëüíàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü Optic radiation Tractus opticus Çðèòåëüíûé òðàêò Optic tract Pedunculus cerebri Íîæêà ìîçãà Cerebral peduncle Pulvinar thalami Ïîäóøêà òàëàìóñà Pulvinar Colliculus superior Âåðõíèé õîëìèê Superior colliculus Colliculus inferior Íèæíèé õîëìèê Inferior colliculus Ðèñ. 524 Ëó÷èñòîñòè òàëàìóñà, Radiationes thalami, è âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà, Capsula interna, ïåðåñå÷åííûå ôðîíòàëüíûì ðàçðåçîì; âèä ñëåâà Thalamic radiations, Radiationes thalami, and internal capsule, Capsula interna, have been divided by a frontal section; viewed from the left Radiatio acustica Ñëóõîâàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü Acoustic radiation Crus posterius capsulae internae Çàäíÿÿ íîæêà âíóòðåííåé êàïñóëû Posterior limb of internal capsule ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), > !" 80:'C2 ! M$+#%$$*$"" Y A6B M$+#)%$$*$""'+ 8$% '+<=""%'"'##',$ W <H H B 8$% '+<#',$%""%'"'# X"!3'"!,$!"# ^B/ A C$!"("!3 7]'$3'% '#+$#$%$,&!" E/// 7]'$3'% )+3*! $+#,&$'+%$$*$"" 5 A6B $+#,&$$)%$$*$""'+ I'*# ! !(#$!%$ !"# D R C$!]'$3'% !"($?#'*# !%$ I'*# ! !(! YR I'*# ! !(! :##'!& !"# R !")##'$ ;'%"$'#'*$ W / 4$3'%"$'# ; ($+'#ZM[ F 6 ZM[ 8($+!"$1$ZM[ C# P C# ;%'"+ '#ZKKK[ / ZKKK[ L%'"+ $1$ZKKK[ ='#%$$* E 6 AB_ `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e!%&'+%""%'"#',$# O6B HH B e!%&'+)#',$%""%'"'# Q$ ! &!"!+'#<=,'#($%'"! '++$3!"$ Q </ B 6 Q$ ! &!"!+'#<+$3!"($%'"! $*3? e!%&'+%""%'")$# O6B AH B e!%&'+))$%""%'"'# Q$ ! &!"!+'#<=,'#($%'"! '+"! $!"$ P < B 6 Q$ ! &!"!+'#<"! $!"($%'"! $*3? 8('+"$+#%"! $!"# F B 8($)"! $!""$+#%'# :$'"'+1$"+$3'""!##',$# f/6B H :$'"'+)#',$+$3'""!?1$"'+ ; %&"$!#ZKM[ N B ZKM[ 8%&"$!$1$ZKM[ =""%'"'##',$ EH H B I',$%""%'"'# =""%'"'#)$ JA H B K)$%""%'"'# C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!#+$3'# G/A6B AB Q33"$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ M$"'++$3'""!$#',$'# EH I',$+$3'""!?1$"'+ C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!##',$ EHA6B AB I',$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ :##!&+*3$!<g+$ !+$3!"# O/ B </ 4&+*3)##!<+$3!"$+$%$ @ 8 A0 0FF 1E 0 4 B C ,"0 0 $+ 0 G $&4$!&#"!"D&$"!"67 I$, '+,$""'%3'+ 5 6 /B I$, '+,$""'%3'+ abd abc ;'%"$'#%!'3! '#<=!,' > / /< =!'3! $'%"$'#<*3? I ! $+!"# F B I ! $+!"# 0!+!!))h! 8!$!%&3$! 5B B 0!+!!))h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` _F ` _8!('"!$%$##` =++##'!! $ 5/ B 7 $%++##'$ M$ %'"'# $ '# F A /6B e!%&'+%""%'"#',$# 8&31$ %"$ O6B HH B e!%&'+)#',$%""%'"'# =""%'"'##',$ EH H B I',$%""%'"'# =,'#($%'"! '++$3!"$ P/ B 6 Q$3!"($%'"! $*3? e!%&'+%""%'")$# =""%'"'#)$ O6B AH B JA H B e!%&'+))$%""%'"'# K)$%""%'"'# =,'#($%'"! '+"! $!"$ - B 6 0! $!"($%'"! $*3? :$'"'+1$"+$3'""!##',$# f/6B H M$+#%$$*$""<0('"!%$$*$"" :$'"'+)#',$+$3'""!?1$"'+ Y A6B < 6BA6B M$+#)%$$*$""'+<"('"! C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!##',$ EHA6B AB I',$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!#+$3'# C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!#)$ G/A6B AB Q33"$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ JAA6B AB K)$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ :"%%'"'# W 6B C$3'%'"'#)"%%'" :"%%'"'# JAB B 6B C$3'%"$))"%%'"'# 7,$ '!"! $!"#1$ %'"]'! - 6A /6B C"$h'#%&3$'#1$ %'"]'! G/ 6A /6B 0! $!"!,$ '$))' &1$ %"$ =&3,"$h'#))' &1$ %"$ 8'*$%'"'+(!%"$ NBB/ X!%"$ '*$%"$ :!#%%'"'#(!%"# FB 6B X!%"$)!#%%'"'# @ A A A0 4 : 3F1/3 E / 4 1 / A E / / 8 4 B H"&#)0 4#($!& )%!" $"#!'#(",)(6,")!6 4#(#(!"! !'#('!"#(6#"(& ,&#! #() $ "'# #!#("+(#4$!&#"!"D&$"!"67 ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), !" 80:'C2 "#$ !% %&' e!%&'+%""%'")$# O6B AH B e!%&'+))$%""%'"'# =""%'"'#)$ JA H B K)$%""%'"'# :$'"'+1$"+$3'""!##',$# f/6B H :$'"'+)#',$+$3'""!?1$"'+ M$"'++$3'""!$#',$'# EH I',$+$3'""!?1$"'+ ; %&"$!#ZKM[ N B ZKM[ 8%&"$!$1$ZKM[ 0%'#%!$'"$'# 0%'#%!$'"$'# g+$ !+$3!"# P/ Q$3!"$+$%$ =""%'"'#)!%!"# -U B :!%!"%""%'"'# :1$!#',$ EHB I',$)1$! C$3'%'"'#%$$* JAB =$$*!",$3'%"$ C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!##',$ EHA6B AB I',$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!#+$3'# G/A6B AB Q33"$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ I'"%'#+$3!'# =/ / Q$3!#'"%'# C$3'%'"'#%$$*$""!#)$ JAA6B AB K)$%$$*$""!,$3'%"$ I'"%'#"+ !# 5 6 / I'"%'#"+ !# 7,$ '!"! $!"#1$ %'"]'! - 6A /6B 0! $!"!,$ '$))' &1$ %"$ I !$+$3'""!$#1$ %'"]'! P B6A /6B Q$3'""!?# !$))' &1$ %"$ M$"'++$3'""!$)$'# JA K)$+$3'""!?1$"'+ 8('+$1&?,("## F B/l 6 ?,("##!" ($ 7$!,# $+! G / 7$!,# $+! L*$h @ /AB L*$h I'"%'#,# $"! $!"# @ / / C# $"! $!"#'"%'# I'"%'# $+$3'#,# $ @ /A6 / C# $ $+$3! $#'"%'# I'"%'#+$3!'# =/ / Q$3!#'"%'# e!%&'+%""%'"#',$# O6B HH B e!%&'+)#',$%""%'"'# =,'#($%'"! '++$3!"$ P/ B 6 Q$3!"($%'"! $*3? =,'#($%'"! '+"! $!"$ - B 6 0! $!"($%'"! $*3? ; ($+'#ZM[ F 6 ZM[ 8($+!"$1$ZM[ ;)!%!"#ZMKK[ -U ZMKK[ :!%!"$1$ZMKK[ 8!% '#, %'# @ B L, % !% C$3'%'"'#%$$* JAB =$$*!",$3'%"$ C# P C# 4!3h+ ! V BB Q 4!3h#$#! Y BB I$#? ;1$# *'"%%&"$!#ZMKKK[ 5//9 B ZMKKK[ M$# *'"%%&"$!$1$ZMKKK[ C?!+#+$3'""!$*"(! !$ ;("##,&!?($'#ZKk[ 5 / / S B 6 ZKk[ C?!+3 X"##,&!?($!"$1$ZKk[ ;&?,("##'#ZkKK[ ;1!('#Zk[ 5/l 6 ZkKK[ N A/ jR Zk[ ?,("##!"$1$ZkKK[ M!('#$1$Zk[ 4!3h%!!"# Y BB ;!%%$##'#ZkK[ =!!" V 6 Z>K[ 4!3h#,!"# 7%%$##?$1$Z>K[ G BB I,!" 4!3h! $ 5/ BB ;%$1%!"#Z=m[ 7 $ ^ Z=m[ 4!3h,# $ =$1%!"$1$Z=m[ @ / BB C# $ 7$!1$# *'"!# E M$# *'"!!$! :1$!)$ JAB K)$)1$! 8('+$11!( F B A/ jR M!(!" ($ 8'*$%'"'+%'$! '+ NBB // ='$! $ '*$%"$ :'%'"'#"! $!"#+$3'""!$*"(! !$ NB B B/ 0! $!")'%'"'#)+$3'""!*"(! ! 8'*$%'"'+(!%"$ NBB/ X!%"$ '*$%"$ I : 110 4 :!#%%'"'#%'$! '# / A E / / 1 W / 6B E / B E 4 B J(!),! ='$! $)!#%%'"'# '!&&0 067!'#('!!"!'#('!"#( :!#%%'"'#(!%"# FB 6B 6#"'#"&#!!'#(","$ &4 X!%"$)!#%%'"'# $!&#"!"D&$"!"67 e!%&'+%""%'")$# O6B AH B e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ßäðà ÷åðåïíûõ íåðâîâ Nuclei of the cranial nerves Nucleus accessorius nervi oculomotorii Äîáàâî÷íîå ÿäðî ãëàçîäâèãàòåëüíîãî íåðâà Accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve Nucleus nervi oculomotorii ßäðî ãëàçîäâèãàòåëüíîãî íåðâà Nucleus of oculomotor nerve Nucleus nervi trochlearis ßäðî áëîêîâîãî íåðâà Nucleus of trochlear nerve Nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini Cðåäíåìîçãîâîå ÿäðî òðîéíè÷íîãî íåðâà Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve (Nucleus principalis nervi trigemini) (Ãëàâíîå ÿäðî òðîéíè÷íîãî íåðâà) (Principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve) Nucleus motorius nervi trigemini Äâèãàòåëüíîå ÿäðî òðîéíè÷íîãî íåðâà Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve Nucleus nervi abducentis ßäðî îòâîäÿùåãî íåðâà Nucleus of abducent nerve Nucleus nervi facialis ßäðî ëèöåâîãî íåðâà Motor nucleus of facial nerve Nucleus cochlearis posterior (VIII) Çàäíåå óëèòêîâîå ÿäðî (VIII) Posterior cochlear nucleus (VIII) Nucleus salivatorius superior (VII) * Âåðõíåå ñëþíîîòäåëèòåëüíîå ÿäðî (VII) * Superior salivatory nucleus (VII) * Nucleus vestibularis superior Âåðõíåå âåñòèáóëÿðíîå ÿäðî Superior vestibular nucleus Nucleus vestibularis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíîå âåñòèáóëÿðíîå ÿäðî Lateral vestibular nucleus Nucleus vestibularis inferior Íèæíåå âåñòèáóëÿðíîå ÿäðî Inferior vestibular nucleus Nucleus vestibularis medialis Ìåäèàëüíîå âåñòèáóëÿðíîå ÿäðî Medial vestibular nucleus Nucleus salivatorius inferior (IX) Íèæíåå ñëþíîîòäåëèòåëüíîå ÿäðî (IX) Inferior salivatory nucleus (IX) Nucleus ambiguus (IX, X) Äâîéíîå ÿäðî (IX, X) Nucleus ambiguus (IX, X) Nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi Äîðñàëüíîå ÿäðî áëóæäàþùåãî íåðâà Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve Nucleus nervi hypoglossi ßäðî ïîäúÿçû÷íîãî íåðâà Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve Nuclei vestibulares (VIII) Âåñòèáóëÿðíûå ÿäðà (VIII) Vestibular nuclei (VIII) Nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini Ñïèííîìîçãîâîå ÿäðî òðîéíè÷íîãî íåðâà Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve Nuclei tractus solitarii (VII *, IX, X) ßäðà îäèíî÷íîãî ïóòè (VII *, IX, X) Nuclei of solitary tract (VII *, IX, X) Nucleus nervi accessorii ßäðî äîáàâî÷íîãî íåðâà Nucleus of accessory nerve Ðèñ. 531 ×åðåïíûå íåðâû, Nn. craniales; îáçîð òîïîãðàôèè ÿäåð, âèä ñçàäè. Íà ëåâîé ñòîðîíå ïîêàçàíû äâèãàòåëüíûå ÿäðà, íà ïðàâîé ÷óâñòâèòåëüíûå Cranial nerves, Nn. craniales; topographic overview of the nuclei, posterior view. On the left the motor nuclei and on the right the sensory nuclei are shown * VII Ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé íåðâ. N. intermedius. Intermediate nerve. Îáùèå ñîìàòîìîòîðíûå ÿäðà General somatic-efferent nuclei (GSE) Îáùèå è ñïåöèàëüíûå âèñöåðîñåíñîðíûå ÿäðà General and specific visceral-afferent nuclei (G/SVA) Îáùèå âèñöåðîìîòîðíûå ÿäðà General visceral-efferent nuclei (GVE) Îáùèå ñîìàòîñåíñîðíûå ÿäðà General somatic-afferent nuclei (GSA) Ñïåöèàëüíûå âèñöåðîìîòîðíûå ÿäðà Specific visceral-efferent nuclei (SVE) Ñïåöèàëüíûå ñîìàòîñåíñîðíûå ÿäðà Specific somatic-afferent nuclei (SSA) Sulcus limitans Ïîãðàíè÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Sulcus limitans Sulcus medianus Cðåäèííàÿ áîðîçäà Median sulcus VIII V, VII, IX, X VII, IX, X Oliva Îëèâà Inferior olive Ðèñ. 532 ×åðåïíûå íåðâû, Nn. craniales; ñõåìàòè÷åñêèé ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç ÷åðåç ðîìáîâèäíóþ ÿìêó, äåìîíñòðèðóþùèé îáùåå ïîëîæåíèå ÿäåð è èõ ïåðèôåðè÷åñêèå ñâÿçè; áåç ó÷åòà òî÷íîé òîïîãðàôèè ÿäåð è íåðâîâ Cranial nerves, Nn. craniales; schematic cross-section through VII, IX, X V, VII, IX, X, XI III, IV, VI, XII the rhomboid fossa demonstrating the nuclei and their peripheral connections; without the exact presentation of the nerves and nuclei topography : 34 ;%/0.%1 > "? @(A(5A9B C%0/(1 CA. 0(+ = ! 7/9&B1 ßäðà ÷åðåïíûõ íåðâîâ Nuclei of the cranial nerves , '= ' U/ V L ' =' )' ' =' C2KN)$@#0/@0 ' ='8 ) ' ='' Q 8 _`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a#@K$<E*%%%G (6 ' E*%%%G , !(' & ' ('E%+G C2/#3@#@#0E%+G %& ' (' !('7 E%+G , (' '! !./#0#1234$ 5(' (&!- '! , '! 678(-( 9:;<$ , (&678(-( '! ,W678(-( X+%%Y ;<<I$X+%%Y ^78(-( '! X+%%Y ,W (' X+%Y .$<I$X+%Y P ('7 '! X+%Y , = - E%+)+G .$IE%+)+G , = - E%+)+G , ' ( ' E*%%F)%+)+G 9:1@E*%%F)%+)+G , (& ( '7'E*%%F)%+)+G , 8 '! ' - M:N$@I$ 8 (&' - '! , '! (' 9$$ , (& ('7 '! ,W (' X+%Y)V b 8 .$<I$X+%Y)/:N$IK`K P ('7 '! X+%Y) 8 '(( "4/N@N@< Q ' ( R && ' EQTG "4/:H#0<$/H//< Q ' 8 & ! 'R&& ' EQS*PG "4$/HN@< Q '! 'R && ' EQ*TG "4/N@//< Q ' ( R&& ' EQPG M:H#0<$/HN@< 8 & ! 'R && ' E*TG M:H#0</N@//< 8 & ( R&& ' EPG Ðèñ. 533 Nn. craniales !"#$"%#&!'&( Nn. craniales )*+*,!"+-$. *'&!'$&/*0)-&#1.%&$$#)-&3&4$"#+%"#& 6 7889 :; N. intermedius8#)&!3&4$")&#&!'& D <6 66 .((+ $%11%.1 #$%$%& 6" 3" -. )1% '(%) 2 34 " 2"6! " -. %$%1 *%5%1 7/1 (8 /9% ) *+) ,+) ! " -%%). /0/1 ! "#$ L b 6('( ! ' ' M/1/@/:#@@@02#1K \(' b)( 6('( 8 b (&6 ' ! ' M$)/@# P 6 ( '6 \(' b)( D2@#N/K/4 \(' '! ' ' % '6 6 ( D22#1K$@$/@ % '! ' '&(' ('8 ( )V( ' D#/@@#)K#3$ ('8 ( )'( ' ( ' ' (' /:IK P ' ('( ' B ' ZN#0:#/@K B ' ^78(6 ('8 ' O:@#N1/ ^78(6 M/H$@# '7=( 7 6 (8 J@#0<I:K/@ 8 6 V & = \( '8 ' a#1#$K D22K$NK %& ='' % '8 '&( ^78(867 XQ 8 ' Y O:c L '7- L( D/@ [ - 86 L( K<`K/N [ - (& =' PW= ' ]#@ d '' '7 * ' e' f@$@<I2#1K \('6! ' ==(8( 5 (8 (' ' = ' 8 ' (' ]1#0N/@$ K/@$??N2K$<?2K (8( 5 ((& 8 ' (' ' = '8 PW! ' =' $@ * ' ='' '7 [ 6('( ! ' ' M/1/@/$@@02#1K 6('( =' (&6 ' ! ' * ' ' Z@I2#1K [6 ' ! ' \(' b)' M$)2K [6 \(' b)' Z#N1/ [6 ('8 ( D#/@@# ('8 ( [ 86 U<`/N [ (& =' >` Pe 86 >:$/N 5 ! Pe (& =' MK@ 5 ! B(= ' h@#0#0K '(= \ (- D#0<I:#0<I:1K (- & B - ' = 9<KN2K B -E(& ' = G \( ! ' A/@K$ \( (&! ' * ' 8 ' >?IN$I:1/ 8 ' (' '7! \( '6( =( ' gN$NK h@#0<IK# V6( =( &( ' ,( a#K ,( P8 '' ! ' e' M:@1@$@2#1K [( ' = 8 '' (&&('6! ' D#N2K [( (& ' = B : : ; : :; : . C!"$#()&3 /$)-)-&.&!&@&%%13 "#4)-&0*1!)'&#)!$.%& 3&4$"#(&.)$*# %* Pe 86 >:$/N Pe (& =' * B(= ' = ' (' #N2K P ' ('(= (& ' = \ '8' $4#0 L' '7& ' %%% % %% 5 ! MK@ 5 ! *% *%% + %+ *%%% 8 M:IN 8 (' \ - [= 'E! ' G _@ ]1E$G \ - [= 'E(&! ' G L b 6('( ! ' e' M/1/@/:#@@$@2#1K 6('( 8 b (&&('6! ' L7' E! ' G NE$G L7' E(&! ' G i!E! ' G 9<KE$G i!E(&! ' G B - ' = 9<KN2K B - B(= ' h@#0#0K '(= >` [ 86 )B U<`/N):#/@KK<` [ (& =' ) 8 * ' e' f@$@<I2#1K \('6! ' Q 8 _`K$2# L - *W - ' =' ]#0`N$$ Q' ' ='! *%% \( ! ' A/@K$ \( (&! ' [= ' ]1 [= ' L7' N L7' i! 9<K i! B(= ' = 8( ' (' J#N2K L( ' ('(= (& ' = \ ' >@4#0 ( '7& ' B(= &((( ' ),( U#K$R1#K$#)1#K \((( '(= )( : ; . D"!)(*0)-&.&!&@&%%"!'&!3$( 3&4$"#(&.)$*# *'&!'$&/ > "? @(A(5A9B C%0/(1 CA. 0(+ ! 7/9&B1 ! "#$ B - ' = 9<KN2K B -E(& ' = G B(= ' h@#0#0K '(= >` B(= e '-' ' (')L' ' (' @<?1#0#0K):/@0 P ' ('e '-'(= ) ' ('8' \ '8' $4#0 L' '7& ' B(= 8 b)B(= e '-' 8( ' (' /@#0K)@<?1#0#0K 8 (= )8( ' ('e '-'(= B(= ' 8 ' (' >?:#1#1#0K 8 ' (' '(= 5 ! MK@ 5 ! B(= ' & ' (' C2:#1#1#0K %& ' (' '(= \( ! ' A/@K$ \( (&! ' [= 'E! ' G ]1E$G [= 'E(&! ' G E ; < &!&@&%%13 +*()&!$*!?(1+&!$*!'$&/ ^ 86 ' ' = #1`N2K ^ 86 ' (& ' = * ' ' = f$0N2K * ' (& ' = P(= ' U<#H@#0I#0K j -(& '(= % B(= e '-' ' (' ^%%l%%% @<?1#0#0K %%)%%% P ' ('e '-'(= ^%* \ '8' $4#0 ^* L' '7& ' %* B(= 8 b)B(= e '-' 8( ' (' /@#0K)@<?1#0#0K 8 (= )8( ' ('e '-'(= ^*% B(= ' 8 ' (' >?:#1#1#0K 8 ' (' '(= 5 ! MK@ 5 ! *% \( ! ' A/@K$ \( (&! ' *%% \ '6(' k( O@#04#0 ^(' k(& ' B(= ' & ' (' C2:#1#1#0K %& ' (' '(= *%%% \ ' >@4#0 ( '7& ' ^ %+ + d *%% ^% B(= = ! ' .$13`#0K d ! '(= [= ' ]1 [= ' B(= ' = ' (' #N2K P ' ('(= (& ' = B(= ' = 8( ' (' J#N2K L( ' ('(= (& ' = L7' N L7' ^*%%P B(= -' ZK#0K Q' (= B - ' = 9<KN2K B - B(= ' h@#0#0K '(= >` * ^*%%P ^* %%% P ^* %%% d : 34 ;%/0.%1 ^+ + [( ' = D#N2K [( (& ' = E ; :: : ; &!&@&%%13 4$",!"3 *0)-&.&!&@&%%"!.*!)&A*1)()!&).-&4 *'&!'$&/ i! 9<K i! E\ '( (&(' G EU#K$R1#K$4#0G E\((( '& ' G \( U#K \( ,( a#K ,( B(= &((( ' U#K$R1#K$# \((( '(= = 7 77! /)), %&22&/2 $%&%&' 7 # 4 # ./ *2& ()&* 3 45 # 3#7" # ./ &%&2 +&6&2 802 )9 0:& * +,* -,* !" # .&&*/ 0102 Ìîçæå÷îê Cerebellum Culmen Âåðøèíà Velum medullare superius Culmen Âåðõíèé ìîçãîâîé ïàðóñ Superior medullary velum Declive Ñêàò Declive Lobulus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ äîëüêà Central lobule Tegmen ventriculi quarti Êðûøà ÷åòâåðòîãî æåëóäî÷êà Roof of fourth ventricle Hemispherium cerebelli Ïîëóøàðèå ìîçæå÷êà Hemisphere of cerebellum Ala lobuli centralis Êðûëî öåíòðàëüíîé äîëüêè Wing of central lobule Lingula cerebelli ßçû÷îê ìîçæå÷êà Lingula (of cerebellum) Pedunculus cerebellaris superior Âåðõíÿÿ ìîçæå÷êîâàÿ íîæêà Superior cerebellar peduncle Flocculus Êëî÷îê Flocculus Recessus lateralis ventriculi quarti Ëàòåðàëüíûé êàðìàí ÷åòâåðòîãî æåëóäî÷êà Lateral recess of fourth ventricle Fissura horizontalis Ãîðèçîíòàëüíàÿ ùåëü Horizontal fissure Velum medullare inferius Íèæíèé ìîçãîâîé ïàðóñ Inferior medullary velum Pedunculus cerebellaris medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ìîçæå÷êîâàÿ íîæêà Middle cerebellar peduncle Hemispherium cerebelli Ïîëóøàðèå ìîçæå÷êà Hemisphere of cerebellum Nodulus Óçåëîê Nodule Vallecula cerebelli Äîëèíêà ìîçæå÷êà Vallecula of cerebellum Uvula ßçû÷îê Uvula Pedunculus flocculi Íîæêà êëî÷êà Peduncle of flocculus Fissura posterolateralis Çàäíåëàòåðàëüíàÿ ùåëü Posterolateral fissure Ðèñ. 538 Ìîçæå÷îê, Cerebellum; ïîñëå ïåðåñå÷åíèÿ ìîçæå÷êîâûõ íîæåê, âèä ñïåðåäè Cerebellum, Cerebellum; after section of the cerebellar peduncles, anterior view Tuber Áóãîð Tuber Lobulus semilunaris superior Âåðõíÿÿ ïîëóëóííàÿ äîëüêà Superior semilunar lobule Pyramis Ïèðàìèäà Pyramid Uvula ßçû÷îê Uvula Fissura horizontalis Ãîðèçîíòàëüíàÿ ùåëü Horizontal fissure Nodulus Óçåëîê Nodule Lobulus semilunaris inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïîëóëóííàÿ äîëüêà Inferior semilunar lobule Lobulus biventer Äâóáðþøíàÿ äîëüêà Biventral lobule Hemispherium cerebelli Ïîëóøàðèå ìîçæå÷êà Hemisphere of cerebellum Flocculus Êëî÷îê Flocculus Tonsilla cerebelli Ìèíäàëèíà ìîçæå÷êà Tonsil of cerebellum Ðèñ. 539 Ìîçæå÷îê, Cerebellum, âèä ñçàäè ñíèçó Cerebellum, Cerebellum, posterior-inferior view ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), > !" 80:'C2 "#$!$% & ' % ()*+,,-./+0 1222 %3!$% & ; $ %&% 8.,00)* "&% % I $! M/+0 I $2 ! F$& & 7 ??-+0?-0 & 7 $& ! ; $# & 7 @)+0-+0 ; $# A2& 7B FY &3 !$% & ' % G/,.,+,,-./+0 =3 Y 22 %3!$% & $% & ' % \,,)-./+0 I %3!$% & L& $% % JQ+,?/ V$% %$& 6 $& $% % ,Q+,?/ 6 2$% %$& = %Y& 7 (-+0 = 7 & %Y $2 4- 5$2 ! L M.0 L H $& 3 $WH 7$# % ]S7 X 8/.,)WU.:QX H $& 3 $WH 7$# % ]S7X = & 7 U.K,-+0 E3 % 7 % $&2& 7 "$ & 7 T/.-+0 "$ 2& 7 Cerebellum / , Cerebellum %$0"#!$%& (%"!$%*$+ V& % $& & 7 80,-+0)-0 V& % $2 & 7 $& I & & $# % $ T/.:)/.:)+0 H $# % $ 2 & & F$& & 7 ??-+0?-0 & 7 $& $% & ' % \,,)-./+0 I %3!$% & ! ; $# & 7 @)+0-+0 ; $# A2& 7B L& 2 % # @/*, I % # $& = %Y& 7 (-+0 = 7 & %Y L& $% % % W#7 X J/-D?/ W*/X F % $% % $& W#7 X % %& T.0.?). H& % %# $ J,). Z $ L& $% % $% W7 2 X 8/-D?/ WQ0/X C$% $% % $& W7 2 X A; $ 7 B AU.).,0B A; $ 7 B L& $% % JQ+,?/ V$% %$& I & 7 [.-+0 = 7 2 = & 7 U.K,-+0 E3 % 7 % $&2& 7 6 $& $% % ,Q+,?/ 6 2$% %$& L M.0 L Cerebellum / , , Cerebellum %$0 "#!$%&!'%1'!'((#()&#" (%"!$%*$+ L& & 7 @/-+0 = 7 $& E = 7 77! /)), %&22&/2 $%&%&' 7 # 4 # ./ *2& ()&* 3 45 # 3#7" # ./ &%&2 +&6&2 802 )9 0:& * +,* -,* !" # .&&*/ 0102 !"#$ !%" &''()(*('' ) )' I 7 & % & 7 <Q).0Q.:* C & %2 7 = $# 8? = $# I & & $# % $ /.:)+0 $# % $ 2 & & I & & $& $ % (R+0/)+0 N$& $ %2 & & I & & $# % $ $2 4-/.:)+0 5$2 $# % $ 2 & & 2 3,4 , 55, Fibrae associationis telencephali 3, 46 -7,86755, 8 , 9""%#$!$%& $"% !&#('%& Fibrae associationis telencephali (%:#!$%&%&!%!'#'$"(' %**$+ *$+) %!' ! Z$ (. Z$ 1 % & & 9+,,:.,,. 1 % $2& & 1 % (.R 1 % " $& G,. " $^ = & T.,,. = & $ .0 $ I & $ T.)KD) H $ 2 & = $% 8/??0 C$% & F $% 8/??+,: C$% % I & _ U.:*KD) H _ 2 & F % J/??+,: F % % = % J/??0 F % & = 3 7$ G0/0 6 7$ & " % 80 " % ; -,6 , 55, Fibrae commissurales telencephali 84 5,< -, / 4 867/, 4/ 454, 4,5 , / , %$"" $"% !&#('%& Fibrae commissurales telencephali !%(%1('$#%**$+ !=!&"$*%*% !' !' % !'#%("#%"$&!'()$&(& $!""$&1 $" "'%+& *$+) %!' ! ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), F !" 80:'C2 + !%" , (- )() )' = & `" $& T.,,.`,. = & `% $^ Z & $# 8??. = $# %# Z &$% 8/D,.:?. F &$% # & & & U/.,,. & 2& & = & `Z$ T.,,.`0. = & `#$ & %&& % ab,).+?Q/ F %b&& % & = & ` $ T.,,.`.0 = & ` $ = $% $ `= $% ,??0.`/??-0 5$% $ & ` $% 7 = $% $ `Z$ ,??0.`0. 5$% $ & `#$ = #$ & % % 9,.:0.+,,. ; % #$ & %7 " &% % & J,.:),0, d % &% &% & & & $ c?Q/ = & $ & F$& & 7 4-0 = 7 $& F$ T, F$ F$& & 7 G/??-+0?-0 H & 7 $& F 8/ F " &% Ì 7 & % & $ 8/),:`00b).0 F % &%`& % & $ 2 7 J 3 , ,,-4 , -, ,/ -46 , E%:#!$%& $" !'$&!&#(" &)(@$)!#!'*&=(%") *$+) %!' ! Z &$% ee 8/D,.:?.ee F &$% # ee & &$% >,.:?Q/ =$% & 1 % %3 &$% >,.:?.+,,:,. =$% %3 & % $ eee " &% 2 $% $% $ 9Qb,,: I $% $% $2 7 I 7 % $% $ ]I 7 && % $% $ ab,).0]J,).+b,).0 F % % $% $2 7 ]d&& % $% $2 7 1 % % & J,.:?.+,,: d % & % $ 1 % & % & G.?.+,,: C& % & % $ I 7 % $% $ +b,).0 " $% $2 7 = 7 T-+0 = 7 F$ T, F$ H $& 3 $WH 7$# % ]S7 X 8/.,)WU.:QX H $& 3 $WH 7$# % ]S7X " &% & % & $ A B $% 8/00bA/)B,: C$% & % & $ A B% &% e V& % 80,/ V& % $2 " &% & % & $ % 9,.:)00b,: ; % & % & $ % &% >-4 , -, ,/ -46 8 <<- 3,6 / , ?&!&#(" &)(@$)!#! &#!$%&%**$+ *$+) %!' ! A > , , 4,555,BC$"!%!'&#$% !'$&"!B AA D,/ ,5 -4BE$#$% !'(@$)!#!B AAA D,/ /FGH 4, ,IBE$#$% "F&)GH(%!%#%!=IB = 7 77! /)), %&22&/2 $%&%&' 7 # 4 # ./ *2& ()&* 3 45 # 3#7" # ./ &%&2 +&6&2 802 )9 0:& * +,* -,* !" # .&&*/ 0102 Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Internal capsule Capsula interna, Crus anterius Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà, ïåðåäíÿÿ íîæêà Internal capsule, anterior limb Nucleus caudatus, Caput Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, ãîëîâêà Caudate nuñleus, head Mm. bulbi Íàðóæíûå ìûøöû ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Extra-ocular muscles Mm. laryngis Ìûøöû ãîðòàíè Mm. pharyngis Muscles of larynx Ìûøöû ãëîòêè Pharyngeal muscles Radiatio thalami anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü òàëàìóñà Anterior thalamic radiation Tractus frontopontinus Ëîáíî-ìîñòîâîé ïóòü Frontopontine fibres Mm. palati et faucium Ìûøöû í¸áà è çåâà Muscles of palate and fauces Capsula interna, Genu Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà, êîëåíî Internal capsule, genu Mm. linguae Ìûøöû ÿçûêà Muscles of tongue Insula [Lobus insularis] Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Mm. colli Ìûøöû øåè Muscles of neck Mm. masticatorii Æåâàòåëüíûå ìûøöû Masticatory muscles Mm. faciei Ìûøöû ëèöà Facial muscles Mm. digitorum manus Ìûøöû ïàëüöåâ êèñòè Mm. manus Muscles of fingers Ìûøöû êèñòè Muscles of hand Mm. antebrachii Ìûøöû ïðåäïëå÷üÿ Mm. brachii Muscles of forearm Ìûøöû ïëå÷à Muscles of arm Mm. cinguli pectoralis Ìûøöû ïîÿñà âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè Mm. thoracis Muscles of pectoral girdle Ìûøöû ãðóäè Muscles of thorax Mm. abdominis Ìûøöû æèâîòà Femur Muscles of abdomen Áåäðî Thigh Mm. membri inferioris Crus Ìûøöû íèæíåé Ãîëåíü êîíå÷íîñòè Leg Muscles of lower limb Pes Ñòîïà Foot Mm. digitorum pedis Ìûøöû ïàëüöåâ ñòîïû Muscles of toes Claustrum Îãðàäà Claustrum Putamen Ñêîðëóïà Putamen Globus pallidus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé áëåäíûé øàð Globus pallidus lateral segment Capsula externa Íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà External capsule Capsula extrema Ñàìàÿ íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà Extreme capsule Globus pallidus medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé áëåäíûé øàð Globus pallidus medial segment Capsula interna, Crus posterius Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà, çàäíÿÿ íîæêà Internal capsule, posterior limb Radiatio acustica Ñëóõîâàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü Acoustic radiation Radiatio optica Çðèòåëüíàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü Optic radiation Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Crus posterius: Fibrae corticospinales; Fibrae corticorubrales; Fibrae corticoreticulares; Fibrae corticothalamicae; Fibrae thalamoparietales; Radiatio thalami centralis Çàäíÿÿ íîæêà: Êîðêîâî-ñïèííîìîçãîâûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-êðàñíîÿäåðíûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-ðåòèêóëÿðíûå âîëîêíà; Êîðêîâî-òàëàìè÷åñêèå âîëîêíà; Òàëàìîòåìåííûå âîëîêíà; Öåíòðàëüíàÿ ëó÷èñòîñòü òàëàìóñà Posterior limb: Corticospinal fibres; Corticorubral fibres; Corticoreticular fibres; Corticothalamic fibres; Thalamoparietal fibres; Central thalamic radiation Ðèñ. 546 Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà, Capsula interna; ìîðôîôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ; ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç ëåâîãî ïîëóøàðèÿ Internal capsule, Capsula interna; functional organization; horizontal section of the left cerebral hemisphere ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), > !" 80:'C2 !"#$% @* 0 ! =C @*$ @'3$% 5 ! 8` 8= 8D ) + ) .'3$%; &F; K =7 07 7 W;'F $:$ G 7 0 $J 23$$ <67 8+ 7 ) 23;$$ X$$ M 0 ?" ! 6 E 868 .Y$$ S$$3 T0 ! ) 0 343 X$ O 7?" ! 6 :43Y$ &%3 < 8C?= !C?D &%3' &F Z 07 7C 0 #'F W$ < 8= ! .$ &%33 G!7 8C?= !C?D &%33' X$ M 0 ?" ! 6 07 6C? ) .Y$4 4$ 1 " )7 + [4$\ E07!C AF%3 3$$%3 !+ "6 0 " A33$%3$ SB;$-X##/ <7E0 ? 0-X##/ @$Y-X##/ SBY%$$4-X###/ 5 !!0 > 7 0C? 0-X###/ X%$$4Y-X###/ SB'4F'-#]/ ^ C ) 6C? 0-#]/ &4F'Y-#]/ SBY'-]/ M "!_`7? 0-]/ X'Y-]/ W$3 5 6 ) ! W$3 @$$4$ E07! > +76 7?6 A4$;$$ S$%4$ = +76 ! W%4$$ .% O+! % #$ S$; b607E = ! .;$ .3 < 8+ ) 0 7 .3F * 1 " ,*$ () ! * + " ,*$ .33 G!7 8+ ) 0 7 A33F S$$33 T0 ! K0 3$ :$$ U 7 8C? V$$ .% 7 6! :% S$Y; 17" 70 ! #;YF$ a$Y; 7") 70 ) ! a;;YF$ d$F3 5 7 +7! d$;F3 9$Y ( 70C? ` 9$;Y A3 7 ?+ ) W$3 @3$ G" " 0+ #3$; W%'$$ b 0`0 + 68 W%'$$ 3$$%$% 1 " + )0 868 %3$$%$ @$$'33 G!7 8C? ! 8C?6 A3'3;$$ @$$ Q 6 @$$ *$43Y$c !7 760 ) " ! 6 43*;;4Y$ a4$% 5 D 7+ "6 a4;$% !"# $%% !&$%% #'# # e !7C! BS$3BA3$ ## e 5 !7! BS$B9$ ### e 8C! BS$YBX$ 0 1 2 1 2 31 4 1 5 3 5 1 67!"/)8"#!"$ "8."&"#'$# ) *.#)9' #7&"++ ! 8& $)*-!*'+-- %*& !)*!#)/.&*(- ) !"# $"%&'# &- $ ! .!"#% 8'$# &"8- / 8'##"*.#*+"" E = 7 77! /)), %&22&/2 7 # 4 # ./ *2& 3 45 # 3#7" # ./ &%&2 +&6&2 802 )9 0:& * &'( ) ' * +$) ,-$, W$$ R 8= $ ! .% O+! % $ R 868 @Y$ G"" ! 6 0 0 7 #Y$; X$ O 7?" ! 6 :43Y$ ; < =C? ) @4 $$ UC 6C? ) V$$4 .%; < =! @% .%$$ UC 6! V$$% W$ < 8= ! .$ % G "6 % .% 7 6! :% 93 !7 A3 X$c b0 C?" ! 6 @4Y$ 9c3$$4 ! 0 ! !) + ) 9c3$;3% 9 < 8 . 7 6C? ) :4 G AF$4-A3%'Pf%/ 5 ! ) 0C?+ )-M 8=/ AF$4-A3%'Pf%/ :1; < !)$# &*(- .!") $ R 8C? $ .%; < =! @% ; < =C? ) @4 @Y$ G"" ! 6 0 0 7 #Y$; $ R 868 W$ < 8= ! .$ X$ O 7?" ! 6 :43Y$ .% 7 6! :% G 9c3$$4 ! 0 ! !) + ) 9c3$;3% 7 6C? ) :4 X$c b0 C?" ! 6 @4Y$ % G "6 % 9 < 8 . AF$4-A3%'Pf%/ 5 ! ) 0C?+ )-M 8=/ AF$4-A3%'Pf%/ $ R 8C? $ :1; 1 1 < !)$# &*(- .!") " !)*!=) > ;!45 <&01/&2 ? #@ A)B)6B:C D&10)2 DB/ 1), EE !" 80:'C2 . / 0 0' ' 0 % , $1, 9344$ G" +76 `7 #4$34 @Y$ G"" ! 6 0 0 7 #Y$; 5 !? 9$ X$; M 0 ?" ! 6 =C? ) .Y$;4 X$ O 7?" ! 6 :43Y$ 2$$ 76 ) = 7 W>$$ 4$ U 7 8C? V$$4 2$;3% g) = 70 7 #;3%$ $;$ <7E0 ?=) @$$$ W3Y$c G ) 0C 760 ) " ! 6 A3F;;4Y$ W$3 !7= ! A3$ 9Y$c < 8 60 ) " ! 6 .;;4Y$ X$$ M 0 ?" ! 6 E 868 .Y$$ 2$ 1!D7D 07! ) = 7 W$ 2$ h7D 07! ) = 7 $ 9c3$$4 ! 0 ! !) + ) 9c3$;3% X$$$ M 0 ?" ! 6 C 6C? ) .Y$$$4 X$ M 0 ?" ! 6 07 6C? ) .Y$4 X$c b0 C?" ! 6 @' @4Y$ h @' 2$Y$c < 8C? +60 ) " ! 6 .$;;4Y$ 93Y$c !7 60 ) " ! 6 A3;;4Y$ $ R 8C? $ 1 !#)9'*!&%"$ &$*!!*&)*$"&&% $)/ *.#)9' =) > (!*/- # ( $ R 868 &$43 N E777 ? = 6 7 9$43' ( ; < =C? ) @4 $ + 7E7 $$ *$43Y$ !7 7= 0 ) " ! 6 43*;Y$ *$43Y$ !7 7 8) " ! 6 43*;43Y$ W' K7?)7 8C?7 W' 7 6C? ) :4 $$ UC 6C? ) V$$4 XB'$% M 8D+ ) 00 &$%Y W%$43 5 !7 0 W%$43$ @Y$i G"" ! 6 0 0 7i #Y$;i X$ O 7?" ! 6 :43Y$ W$ 5 + ?7 W'4 $4$ R7 4$$ 3$ G" " 0E7 #3$$ 9c3$$4ii ! 0 ! !) + )ii 9c3$;3%ii $% G + "6 0E7 $%$ 9 < 8 . X$c b0 C?" ! 6 @4Y$ ; 7C? ;$; *$43Y$c !7 760 ) " ! 6 43*;;4Y$ 93Y$c !7 60 ) " ! 6 A3;;4Y$ $%3 U!+ "6 0 >+ ) 0E7 $%3F$ :1; 1 3 ? @ 51 5 < !)$# &*( - .!") "8&'."!"$-*)8&%"$ &$- /" *(- $)!$'#")*?"!!*>&@*(- $ ! .!*&%)"#(#')8 (!*/- ) ! *- *' !#)9'*!&%"$ & A B; C DE#))$"# !/C(*!"/ *(FGHIGD AA B; C 1 1 DE#))$"# !/C$ ! .!"#"9' 8'$ *(JKL<MJD ; ! " !!" (**< ,%--%(- 1! # /# 0( 9-% ./ " " 12 # .#!5 # 0( %,%3%4%6&- *7 &8% 9 $%&'(% )*+%'&* !" # ,%--%(- Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography Polus frontalis Ëîáíûé ïîëþñ Frontal pole Gyrus frontalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Superior frontal gyrus Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus A. cerebri anterior, A. pericallosa Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, îêîëîìîçîëèñòàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior cerebral artery, pericallosal artery Gyrus frontalis medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Middle frontal gyrus Stria longitudinalis medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Medial longitudinal stria Gyrus precentralis Ïðåäöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Precentral gyrus Stria longitudinalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðîäîëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Lateral longitudinal stria Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus (Centrum semiovale) (Ïîëóîâàëüíûé öåíòð) (Centrum semiovale) Gyrus fasciolaris Ëåíòî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Fasciolar gyrus Vermis cerebelli ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Vermis of cerebellum Polus occipitalis Çàòûëî÷íûé ïîëþñ Occipital pole Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Ðèñ. 552 Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, Corpus callosum; ïîñëå óäàëåíèÿ âåðõíèõ ÷àñòåé ïîëóøàðèé áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, âèä ñâåðõó Corpus callosum, Corpus callosum; after removal of the upper parts of the cerebral hemispheres, superior view Indusium griseum Ñåðûé ïîêðîâ Indusium griseum : $%&'(%- >/#? @*)*4)8A " B%'&*- / B)( '*< C /5 6&8DA- Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography ,- *.!/.. 0 - G 60 # K8/'ICE86&' " A 6# L 9 A >IICE8/7/*7. < A # 9 0 + 96, >!.*7768 0 + 96 0 + 96J 9 >!.*7768)/ 0 + 96 9 M 60+ N/*776/8 0 * 6L < O" P Q*7/8OQ*7/8/P < O!.*776*7/ 0 + 96 W X++ 9+ Y.((8 ( X++ 9+ $ UL A :*C.*7*(7.8/ICE8 0L + U # A V 9 Z7&'7C.8 0 G 60 + K8/'ICE86!7&E&' " A 6 + L , 9L 9 :*C.*7&'8C8 0L 9 0 A 7.E( 0 + V+ 9 8/ V+ 9 3 [(! 0 ,-# %7E.!/.. - = /01 2 0 3$()$%*)4(-#%)" $'())&*$% '(+)! ) $("'(+)#)),$%+)&-" +))" "! )-*-). = ; ! " !!" (**< ,%--%(- 1! # /# 0( 9-% ./ " " 12 # .#!5 # 0( %,%3%4%6&- *7 &8% 9 $%&'(% )*+%'&* !" # ,%--%(- Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography G 6$ K8/'ICE86=7E*7 " A 6 + 0 + 96V >!.*776*7/ 0 + 96 W M 60 + N/*7767 0 * 6 - G5 L 9 + 127 *7./ 3+ L 9 A 0+ 1C78(*C < + U60 :/6I8 U6 < O" P Q*7/8OQ*7/8/P < O< P %7 8 " # 0 A 7.E( 0 + $ 9+ 1.*E&'()* V9+ + G 60 + K8/'ICE86!7&E&' " A 6 + L G 60 9+ K8/'ICE86/.*E&' " A 6 9+ L 9L++ 9+ K2 8.((8 ( 9@L++ 9+B X++ 9+64 AL++ 9+ Y.((8 (678.((8 ( X++ 9+6 A S9 Z7/!/&. 0 9 V 9 Z7&'7C.8 0 E /01 2 0 Ventriculi laterales 3$()$%*)4(-#%)" Ventriculi laterales $'())&*$%'(+)! ) $("'(+)#)),$%+)&-" +))" "()-*-).'&(+)%)'( $L++ 9+ \I8.((8 ( $@L++ 9+B X++ 9+ Y.((8 ( X++ 9+ 9L++ 9+ K2 8.((8 ( 9@L++ 9+B 4 AL++ 9+ %78.((8 ( 4 A@L++ 9+B V 9 Z7&'7C.8 0 ] Z)E8 ] 3 L++ 9+ Y.((8 (! X++ 9+ ,- DCE7.!/.. ^ - ,-+L++ 9+ .((8 (.!/.. $L++ 9+ - 3 Z7! 0 5 11 Cornu temporale 02 0 Ventriculus lateralis 6 1 3)'(()& $%+4 Cornu temporale '(+)%$()$%*)4(-#%) Ventriculus lateralis '4($% ")#(-4$'())&*$%'(+)()& $%.$%% "()-7"! )-*-). : $%&'(%- >/#? @*)*4)8A " B%'&*- / B)( '*< C /5 6&8DA- Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography ,- *.!/.. 0 - 0 + 96, >!.*7768 0 + 96 G 60 # K8/'ICE86&' " A 6# L 0 + 96J 9 >!.*7768)/ 0 + 96 9 0A9+ + *7(!E'(8. 0A #+ 9+ 9 3+ 9+ 9 !E(8 3+ 9+ 9 M 60+ N/*776/8 0 * 6L U60 9 :/6*7 U6 9 G5 L 9 + 127 *7./ 3+ L 9 A 9 A >IICE8/7/*7. < A # 9 3 9 R .(*8 3 9 0+ 1C78(*C < + M 60 + N/*7767 0 6 - G 6$ K8/'ICE86=7E*7 " A 6 + "9 ##U .8((*7.8 "9 ##U U60 + :/67 U6 < O" P Q*7/8OQ*7/8/P < O!.*776/.8 0 + 96+ 9 V 9 Z7&'7C.8 0 0 A 7.E( 0 + G9 H/ !IE8 G9 # 9 G 60 + K8/'ICE86!7&E&' " A 6 + L F /01 2 0 Ventriculi laterales 8 0 3$()$%*)4(-#%)" Ventriculi laterales $'())&*$%'(+)! ) $(" '(+)#)),$%+)&-" +))" (+)#)4($% $('(+)# !"#$%%"!&$49#&&-""!) '(+)'4-: "! )-*-). S+ -9 T(. S+ -9 G 60 9+ K8/'ICE86/.*E&' " A 6 9+ L 4 AL++ 9+ %78.((8 ( 4 A@L++ 9+B $L++ 9+ \I8.((8 ( $@L++ 9+B 3 :/*7/ ,-9 3 K/*7/ _L 9 3 Z7! 0 $ UL A :*C.*7*(7.8/ICE8 0L + U # A 9L++ 9+ K2 8.((8 ( 9@L++ 9+B 3 L++ 9+ Y.((8 (! X++ 9+ ,-+L++ 9+ .((8 (.!/.. $L++ 9+ - ,- + 9+ 9 >.!7&E`/.*E.!/.. ; + 9+ - ;1 Cornu temporale 02 0 Ventriculus lateralis 06 1 <)& $%+4 Cornu temporale '(+)%$()$% *)4(-#%) Ventriculus lateralis "#+)&$(-#'4($%")#(-4 = < " # ""# )++= -&..&). 2" $ 0$ 1) :.& /0 # # 23 $ /$"6 $ 1) &-&. 4&5&. 7'. +8 '9& : %&'()& *+,&('+ !"# $ -&..&). Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Corpus callosum, Genu Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Corpus callosum, genu Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu frontale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, ëîáíûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, frontal horn Corpus callosum, Rostrum Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êëþâ Corpus callosum, rostrum Cavum septi pellucidi Ïîëîñòü ïðîçðà÷íîé ïåðåãîðîäêè Cave of septum pellucidum Nucleus caudatus, Caput Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, ãîëîâêà Caudate nucleus, head Septum pellucidum Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Septum pellucidum Fornix, Columna Ñâîä, ñòîëá Fornix, column Foramen interventriculare Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå Interventricular foramen V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein Stria terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Stria terminalis Insula [Lobus insularis] Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Ventriculus lateralis, Pars centralis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, öåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Lateral ventricle, central part Capsula interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Internal capsule Lamina affixa Ïðèêðåïëåííàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina affixa Taenia fornicis Ëåíòà ñâîäà Taenia (of fornix) Nucleus caudatus, Corpus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, òåëî Caudate nucleus, body Nucleus caudatus, Cauda Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, õâîñò Caudate nucleus, tail Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Fornix, Crus Ñâîä, íîæêà Fornix, crus Hippocampus Ãèïïîêàìï Hippocampus Trigonum collaterale Êîëëàòåðàëüíûé òðåóãîëüíèê Collateral trigone Calcar avis Ïòè÷üÿ øïîðà Calcarine spur Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu occipitale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, çàòûëî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, occipital horn Tela choroidea ventriculi tertii Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid membrane of third ventricle V. interna cerebri Âíóòðåííÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà Internal cerebral vein Glandula pinealis Øèøêîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Pineal gland V. magna cerebri Áîëüøàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà Great cerebral vein Vermis cerebelli ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Vermis of cerebellum Ðèñ. 558 Áîêîâûå æåëóäî÷êè, Ventriculi laterales, ïîñëå óäàëåíèÿ öåíòðàëüíîé ÷àñòè ìîçîëèñòîãî òåëà è òåëà ñâîäà; âèä ñâåðõó Lateral ventricles, Ventriculi laterales, after removal of the central part of the corpus callosum and the body of the fornix; superior view Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Ependyma Ýïåíäèìà Ependyma Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Indusium griseum Ñåðûé ïîêðîâ Indusium griseum Corpus callosum Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî Corpus callosum Ventriculus lateralis, Pars centralis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, öåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Lateral ventricle, central part V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein Fornix, Corpus Ñâîä, òåëî Fornix, body Vv. internaå cerebri Âíóòðåííèå ìîçãîâûå âåíû Internal cerebral veins Nucleus caudatus, Corpus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, òåëî Caudate nucleus, body Lamina affixa Ïðèêðåïëåííàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina affixa Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Tela choroidea ventriculi tertii Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid membrane of third ventricle Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of third ventricle Ventriculus tertius Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Third ventricle Ðèñ. 559 Öåíòðàëüíûå ÷àñòè áîêîâûõ æåëóäî÷êîâ è òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê; ñõåìàòè÷åñêèé ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç Central parts of the lateral ventricles and third ventricle; schematic frontal section ; %&'()&. @0$A B+*+5*9C ! # D&('+. !0 D*) (+= > E 06 7'9FC. Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, òîïîãðàôèÿ Brain, topography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entriculi laterales. .Ventriculus tertius / ; ;22.1 0 2 . / 0 0 2 3! !"( )*"$. Ventriculi laterales.!+') +( )*".Ventriculus tertius#! $%&'* 5 !"',)$#' $.'* !" #! %&'*% #4$*!""%$4,!+'5%+6%&&% )7'!(5 ,%(+.'*'% %)+#"74$!+'"! *'% %)+!%&'') +( )*"'!(5 &"*+5!*<8! +$$4# )% ()8 = > ? / @:') '!"!,)*!+'$)%'!$5$*)%+ )',+)!#"!@ 8 5 9 /':/ 8 ;55 6< 8 , > A':'/.& / , > P 6#!" A:#'&Q P 6# !" P " ! % BB &:C( ' ! 5 " 8 , " 9 //&/'/ 8 , " ;P! > , , < ;]^S _/& &^S _/&2/.R &2< ;` , W , 5! < P 6# ! A:#B(/ P 6# ! 9 .Taeniae. / .Plexus choroidei. 2 2 22 :!)!.Taeniae.%&'*'% %)+#"74$$.Plexus choroidei.%&' "! !"!+') +( )*"$%&'* 5 4,$4# )% ()8 ? ? < " # ""# )++= -&..&). 2" $ 0$ 1) :.& /0 # # 23 $ /$"6 $ 1) &-&. 4&5&. 7'. +8 '9& : %&'()& *+,&('+ !"# $ -&..&). ! "##$%#&$#%#& V ""! [/:..' : &2/./ . F ""! ) @ V ""! 7 :..' : &2/./ . V ""! ) @ , " !" [ &2I3 ( ' a , " V5 9/ /&2/.&QWQ//&2/./ . 4 5 @ V5 " > % :/&2/.&QWQ//&2/./ . d > 5 @ f!!5 ! OQ. &2/.&(S/ a5 @! 8 !5 ! OQ. &2I/( a5 @ = !MN [ &2I MN a MN V ..'/./ . > @ = !" !MN L&/:/ &2I MN a !" MN V #F ""! M0 )" !"VbN 7 :.././ .# 3 :((/S/.C/'2M' cbN V @# ""! ) MVb )" N V # F ""! M0 )" !"FiN [/:.././ .# 3'((/S/.C/'2M' eiN F @# ""! ) Mei )" N V! -..B C(/./ . 0! @ V ! 7:&' 3& 0! V d>> " > #F , > M0 )" !"dbN A :.././ .# (&:/.C/'2M' %bN @# , > Mdb )" N = ) "!MN 1ICI MN 8 ) " MN ! M4!! N O'(MO'(/.:&.N ! M! N V @ , c .&/Q/ 4 @ , @ V " > #F ! M0 )" !"diN A :.././ .# '(/.C/'2M' %iN d>> @#! Mdi )" N =5 MN 9S I MN P MN = ! , MN 7 :: W&(I MN ! , MN 4! " 'C/.:&. 8 " F 6! , > ! !Z! A':' '3& C B &:C(/ , > 6!55! , V , > 7 :..'C//./ . V , > @ =) , @) !MgN j(&CI MgN $ , @) MgN V # F ""! M0 )" !"FbN [/:.././ .# 3 :((/S/.C/'2M' ebN F @# ""! ) Meb )" N V5 7 :..B..B C(/./ . V 5 @ V! -..B C(/./ . 0! @ K " , !" 7&E/ B C(/ K " , 5 !" 0! 5 [/: 3:.& R ' F 5 >! = )!MgN G&B:/+RI MgN )! MgN =,@ )!MgN 7:h.CI MgN K@ ) MgN = !MgN ]Q/CI MgN V @ MgN = >! MN O:.RI MN V>! MN V 7C/./ . @ V G/&././ . f @ d >! A3I 0 > V 7 :..'3/./ . V @ HI G > A2 22 B )$%&'5 !) V5 [/:..B..B C(/./ . F 5 @ ; %&'()&. @0$A B+*+5*9C ! # D&('+. !0 D*) (+= I E 06 7'9FC. V ""! 7 :..' : &2/./ . V ""! ) @ F ""! 7'((/S/.C/'2 F ""! ) F ""! 7 :((/S/.C/'2 F ""! ) V #F ..'/./ .#/.C/'2 > @# V 7 :.././ . V @ V " > A :.././ . d>> @ V " > 7 : :/&2 S /&2 / V " > V , > 7 :..'C//./ . V , > @ F ! O'(/.C/'2 ! F , > J&:/.C/'2 0 , > V ""! [/:..' : &2/./ . F ""! ) @ V [/:.././ . F @ '()* "#+,,+# V 7 : &/ /&2 S /&2 / V * , " ! * !" 2(3 ( ' 2(&/:/ &2 , " , f , !" V, "! *,@ , " ! 1/&/Q /&2/./ . L3/&/C '(/. 2 8, "! @ K@ , " , V ! V! c ' Q/ -..B C(/./ . V 5! !" 0! @ V " > V " , [/: :/&2 S /&2 / : / F " > d , V V @ , c '/ c .&/Q/ F 4 @ , @ V5 7 :..B..B C(/./ . V 5 @ F ""! 7'((/S/.C/'2 F ""! ) F ""! 7 :((/S/.C/'2 F ""! ) V G/&././ . f @ V 7C/./ . @ V5 [/:..B..B C(/./ . F 5 @ V 7 :..'3/./ . V @ A 2 ;22D 2J." # B )!"*) *"%&'5 !)DVW33WXJ." # = : 60% & 10% 10% 10% 8 10% ( 10% 5 A 2 ;22." # B )!"*) *"%&'5 !)." # Y /2 @Z! )!)%$%&'! )% #% )%@ Y 2 @Z! )!)%$%&'#%$ )% #% )%@ [ / 00/ @ Z 6&! )& )% 4)%%&'( 5 !"! )$@ = C DE F@A@.GHHIJ./.K L1. 1 MNOHPOIQNIRPRRQNGPSQT !U@ 10% : ! ! ')); +$,,$', 0 " ." /' 8,$ -. ! ! 01 " -" 4 " /' $+$, 2$3$, 5%, )6 %7$ 8 #$%&'$ ()*$&%) ! " +$,,$', Àðòåðèè ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà Arteries of the brain Corpus callosum, Truncus Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Corpus callosum, trunk Adhesio interthalamica Sulcus hypothalamicus Ìåæòàëàìè÷åñêîå ñðàùåíèå Ãèïîòàëàìè÷åñêàÿ áîðîçäà Interthalamic adhesion Hypothalamic sulcus Fornix, Corpus Foramen interventriculare Ñâîä, òåëî Ìåææåëóäî÷êîâîå îòâåðñòèå Fornix, body Sulcus centralis Interventricular foramen Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Septum pellucidum Central sulcus Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii Septum pellucidum Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu frontale Choroid plexus of third ventricle Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, ëîáíûé ðîã Tela choroidea ventriculi tertii Lateral ventricle, frontal horn Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà A. cerebri anterior, Choroid membrane of third ventricle Pars postcommunicalis, A. pericallosa Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, Commissura posterior ïîñòêîììóíèêàöèîííàÿ ÷àñòü, Çàäíÿÿ ñïàéêà îêîëîìîçîëèñòàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior commissure Anterior cerebral artery, Corpus callosum, Splenium postcomminicating part, Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê pericallosal artery Corpus callosum, splenium Corpus callosum, Genu Sulcus parietooccipitalis Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Corpus callosum, genu Parieto-occipital sulcus Corpus callosum, Rostrum Glandula pinealis Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êëþâ Øèøêîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà Corpus callosum, rostrum Pineal gland Commissura anterior V. magna cerebri Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïàéêà Áîëüøàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà Anterior commissure Great cerebral vein Lamina terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà A. cerebri posterior Lamina terminalis Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Hypothalamus Posterior cerebral artery Ãèïîòàëàìóñ Sulcus calcarinus Hypothalamus Øïîðíàÿ áîðîçäà A. communicans anterior Chiasma opticum Calcarine sulcus Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Çðèòåëüíûé ïåðåêðåñò Anterior communicating artery Aqueductus mesencephali Optic chiasm Âîäîïðîâîä ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà A. carotis interna Aqueduct of midbrain Âíóòðåííÿÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ Tectum mesencephali Internal carotid artery Êðûøà ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Infundibulum Tectum of midbrain Âîðîíêà Infundibulum Vermis cerebelli Hypophysis [Glandula pituitaria] ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Corpus mamillare Ãèïîôèç Vermis of cerebellum Ñîñöåâèäíîå òåëî Pituitary gland Mammillary body Ventriculus quartus A. basilaris ×åòâåðòûé æåëóäî÷åê Áàçèëÿðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Fourth ventricle Basilar artery Tela choroidea ventriculi quarti Pons Ventriculus tertius Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà ÷åòâåðòîãî æåëóäî÷êà Ìîñò Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Choroid membrane of fourth ventricle Pons Third ventricle Hemispherium cerebelli, Tonsilla cerebelli A. vertebralis Ïîëóøàðèå ìîçæå÷êà, ìèíäàëèíà ìîçæå÷êà Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Thalamus Vertebral artery Òàëàìóñ Canalis centralis Hemisphere of cerebellum, tonsil of cerebellum Öåíòðàëüíûé êàíàë Thalamus Central canal Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulbus] Ïðîäîëãîâàòûé ìîçã [Áóëüáóñ] Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulb] Ðèñ. 565 Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü ïîëóøàðèÿ áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, Facies medialis hemispherii cerebri, ïðîìåæóòî÷íûé ìîçã, Diencephalon, è ñòâîë ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà, Truncus encephali; çèãçàãîîáðàçíûé ñðåäèííûé ñðåç, âèä ñëåâà Medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere, Facies medialis hemispherii cerebri; diencephalon, Diencephalon, and brainstem, Truncus encephali; staggered median section, viewed from the left A. cerebri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior cerebral artery A. cerebri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior cerebral artery A. cerebri media Ñðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Middle cerebral artery A. cerebri posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior cerebral artery Ðèñ. 566 Àðòåðèàëüíîå êðîâîñíàáæåíèå ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà; âèä ñëåâà Arterial supply of the brain; viewed from the left A. cerebri posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior cerebral artery Ðèñ. 567 Àðòåðèàëüíîå êðîâîñíàáæåíèå ãîëîâíîãî ìîçãà; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Arterial supply of the brain; medial view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bF<$0"<% c. 5 9 7 T$!"C c*7 [' ?44A /(!0%!?44A 1 ;?44A . /(!0%# 1 . 4H57 2!$ 4H57 = 8%G3 < <!0%B + ; . 5 G!G$"S!$ 45 :5 7 YG$-B$ 7 5 E T##$-# E 6) . 0F$ !B-B$ 6) H 57 = 7 J(-G<$ = H 7 &I5 . 2 # !B-B$ &I5 H 57 L O#!$"C $ 6 . V0F$ !B-B$ 6 H 57 9 + 3 ? . @-ABC ,+ 1 4 ,0 ,0 1 4 301 D&3 *8&6"&&6 "*"8 $6*8@5EFC$"G"&6"&$'"#$*)%&&) $* "$"&"#$'&63 "'( ]^_ 9 + 3 ? . @-ABC ,+ 1 H ,04+ ,0 1 4 3 01 D&3 *8&6"&&6 "*"8 $6*8@5EFC$"G"&6"&$' "#$6& "#$'&63 "'( K )5 7 (!$"W( C(FB-B$ +)5 7 H = H 8%G3 < C!0%B + ; H . [ 5 d$" B$ 5 . 5 L 5 $<!$"#B $ L 5 KQ P C KQ 4 ?+7 A e?e$" "A 4 ?4 7A = ,%G3 < 6.5; 6. ,$$-3 6. KQ P !G$ KQ = 8%G3 < $0<!0%B + ; . K )5 7 (!$"W( C(FB-B$ +)5 7 H ]^` ]â 9 + 3 ? . @-ABC ,+ 1 1 4 4 4 ,0 ,0 1 4 301 D&3 *8&6"&&6"*"8 $6*8@5EFC$"G"& 6"&$'"#$$)'&6&)$" &&8 "#$* "$"&"#$'&63 " '( 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ñðåçû Brain, sections Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Septum pellucidum * Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà * Septum pellucidum * Fornix * Ñâîä * Fornix * Ventriculus tertius; Thalamus * Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê; Òàëàìóñ * Third ventricle; Thalamus * Corpus callosum, Splenium Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê Corpus callosum, splenium Commissura anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïàéêà Anterior commissure Corpus callosum, Genu Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Corpus callosum, genu Corpus mamillare Ñîñöåâèäíîå òåëî Mammillary body Chiasma opticum Çðèòåëüíûé ïåðåêðåñò Optic chiasm Hypophysis [Glandula pituitaria] Ãèïîôèç Pituitary gland Sinus sphenoidalis Êëèíîâèäíàÿ ïàçóõà Sphenoidal sinus A. basilaris Áàçèëÿðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Basilar artery Pons Ìîñò Pons Pars nasalis pharyngis Íîñîâàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Nasopharynx Lingua ßçûê Tongue Aqueductus mesencephali Âîäîïðîâîä ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Aqueduct of midbrain Tectum mesencephali Êðûøà ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Tectum of midbrain Sulcus calcarinus Øïîðíàÿ áîðîçäà Calcarine sulcus Vermis cerebelli ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Vermis of cerebellum Ventriculus quartus ×åòâåðòûé æåëóäî÷åê Fourth ventricle Cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìîçæå÷êîâî-ìîçãîâàÿ öèñòåðíà Posterior cerebellomedullary cistern Pars oralis pharyngis Ðîòîâàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Oropharynx Pars laryngea pharyngis Ãîðòàííàÿ ÷àñòü ãëîòêè Laryngopharynx Dens axis Çóá îñåâîãî ïîçâîíêà Dens axis Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord Ðèñ. 574 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon; ìàãíèòíî-ðåçîíàíñíàÿ òîìîãðàììà (ÌÐÒ), ñðåäèííûé ñðåç. Îáðàçîâàíèÿ, îòìå÷åííûå çíàêîì (*), âûãëÿäÿò íå âïîëíå òî÷íî â ðåçóëüòàòå «ýôôåêòà óñðåäíåíèÿ» Brain, Encephalon; magnetic resonance tomographic image (MRI), median section. The structures marked with (*) appear partly falsified as a consequence of the partial-volume-effect 575 574 Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Insula [Lobus insularis] Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu temporale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, âèñî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, temporal horn Bulbus oculi Ãëàçíîå ÿáëîêî Eyeball Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Cerebellum Ìîçæå÷îê Cerebellum Ðèñ. 575 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon; ìàãíèòíî-ðåçîíàíñíàÿ òîìîãðàììà (ÌÐÒ), ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñðåç Brain, Encephalon; magnetic resonance tomographic image (MRI), sagittal section ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 5 >08?" /'" (),@; Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ñðåçû Brain, sections M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % 6 "0 A : F'-+Z',' ;', 6 "0 A M% " ' .(.-. " % <# A $ 9 '5*.' '**(' <A $ 9 # M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % # ""= >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % 1 " " "= X " K''(' 4-5')= -'F ', " 7 " = X " $ M% " a(.-. '*'( ? " % /" 9 = # e('**' '= ,'-'( : 9 " = $ 9 < # # ""9 ') ,'' < # # ""9 6 " " A d*-+ ; F'-+Z',' ;', " A " X /" " X 3)(.N'F' ' X " M% # " # HI (.') .(.-. <# # " % #" H5* 5- ? " #" T A 9 : ;','( *. 899" A " % M% # " X &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % Encephalon (% *+,-. Encephalon /,0.12-3 +145.,.3125/50+,67-3-/,0189: B+5.2,@4132-5. M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % ^_b ^__ 6 "0 A : F'-+Z',' ;', 6 "0 A # ""= >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % 1 " " "= ! " K''(' 4-5')= N*-+ )*+ " 7 " = " # /" 9 = # e('**' '= *-' 9 " = A9% M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % 6 0 :(' 6 0 $ " ]-;5 $ " 6 " " A d*-+ ; F'-+Z',' ;', " A " X 1 " ]*. 4-5') $9 7 " M% # " # HI (.') .(.-. <# # " % 1 " " "= # " K''(' 4-5')= (.') ', " 7 " = # " $ M% # " X &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % Q## # E.'; Q## # ! 9 " A &'4 ;', A " # 9 " M% # $## # " ,.';-+ .(.-. ! $## # " % ! >'* ! 6 # 9 " >4'4'( ; ? # 9 " X Encephalon (% *+,-. Encephalon /,0.12-3 +145.,.3125/50+,67-3-/,0189: B+5.2,@4132-5. A 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ôðîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, frontal sections M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % <" " ' F'' M% " " " ' .(.-. " % M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % <" # "" K'' ;''-.*',' *- <" X # "" $ 9 " 5*. 'F'-') ,'-'(',' ;', " $ 9 M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % 1T # # ""9 ( ')' ,''. 7 X # # ""9 /" 9 = # e('**' '= ,'-'( 9 " = $ 9 ! :'-5 ! 6 " " A d*-+ ; F'-+Z',' ;', " A " X M% " a(.-. '*'( ? " % !" # " H.') '-J # " #" M% # " X &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % M% A " "X E-.) .(.-. CF'*-+ ** P"X % PA " % 6 " 9 " A ''-+ f-+ F'-+Z',' ;', 9 " A " X T "" " S( *. ;''-.*',' *- "" " % T A = T # "" ;','( *.= ''-';''-.* *. 8 # A " %= # "" " % HI. # ""= <# >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c < # # ""9 ') ,'' < # # ""9 1 " " "= X " g 9 # "" K''(' 4-5')= -'F ', d5).*'*+ ;''-.*',' *- " 7 " = X " $ g 9 X # "" # ""= g >''-.*' *-'= -J( # ""= #" #" 0 H5* 5- &54 5- ? " #" G0 " #" #" 0 :; 54 5- G0 #" 1T 9 # X " A '(I'* ;','( ( <# X " 99" A " 7 T A 9 : ;','( *. 899" A " % M% ; .(.-. < $ % # "" A "" ';''-.*' '- C'-';''-.* N.* ! "" " <A "" " T A = ! # " ;','( *.= '*';;5.N.' )*+ A " %= # # 8 X " " &.4-*-+ 8 X 9 " ? X " " &.4;.-+ ? X 9 " Encephalon (% $#F F !FG$ ! *+,-. Encephalon B+5.2,@4132-5. ,2271@1E1@5B271,.21+-5+6,+245B271B+5.2,@75+.45B271@,21+,@E1.2+-3@14 <" " ' F'' " " M% " ' .(.-. " % <" # "" K'' ;''-.*',' *- <" X # "" M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % /" 9 = # e('**' '= ,'-'( 9 " = $ 9 ! :'-5 ! M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % <" " " S5,'( F'' '*'( " " X " M% # " *;.-+ .(.-. ! " % <" " " d*-+ F'' " " " M% " C, " a(.-. '*'( ? " % M% # " # HI (.') .(.-. <# # " % X " " A L.* -*-+' ;. F'-+Z',' ;', X " " A " X M% # " X &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % 6 " 9 " A ''-+ f-+ F'-+Z',' ;', 9 " A " X M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % T # "" C'-';''-.* *. ! "" " % 8 # # "" HI. C'-';''-.* N.* <# ! "" " # ""= >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c < # # ""9 ') ,'' < # # ""9 g 9 # "" d5).*'*+ ;''-.*',' *- g 9 X # "" 1 " " "= X " K''(' 4-5')= -'F ', " 7 " = X " $ #" = H5* 5-= '4 ? " #" = "A #" 0 &54 5- G0 " #" #" 0 :; 54 5- G0 #" "X M% CF'*-+ ** ; .(.-. P"X % < $ % # "" [ " " C'-';''-.* N.*[ L.* *;.-+' -*.. ! "" " [ X " " 8 X 9 " &.4;.-+ ? X 9 " T '..*-+ *. % Encephalon (% $ F F !FG$ ! *+,-. Encephalon B+5.2,@4132-5. ,2271@1E1@5B27165421+-5+6,+245B271B+5.2,@75+.45B271@,21+,@E1.2+-3@14 1T 9 # X " A '(I'* ;','( ( <# X " 99" A " 7 T A 9 = ! " : ;','( *.= '*'('( )*+ 899" A " %= " # # ""= g >''-.*' *-'= -J( # ""= 8 X " " &.4-*-+ ? X " " T A = ! # " ;','( *.= ';;5.N.' )*+ A " %= # # ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 B >08?" /'" (),@; M% " ' .(.-. " % M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % 6 0= # :('= *-' 6 0= A9% M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % /" 9 = # e('**' '= ,'-'( 9 " = $ 9 M"A # ""9 9 " ! >.-+ F- Z :'-5 M"A # ""9 9 " ! M"A # ""9 " " d*-+ F- Z M"A # ""9 " " M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % " C, " X " " A L.* -*-+' ;. F'-+Z',' ;', X " " A " X M% # " # HI (.') .(.-. <# # " % M% " a(.-. '*'( ? " % X " " A L.* -*-+' ;. F'-+Z',' ;', X " " A " X M% # " 9 : (.') .(.-. /" 9 = 9 e('**' '= I('* 899" # " % 9 " = " # %9 "9 M% # " X >.-(.' *-' %9 "9 A9% &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % Q%# $ " M% # $## # " E.'*-;5 M% # # " ,.';-+ .(.-. Q%# $ " ! $## # " % O*-')'W(.') .(.-. $ # P# # " % T # O '..*-+ *. O.*-+ * P# $ ! % Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ôðîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, frontal sections 6 " 9 " A ''-+ f-+ F'-+Z',' ;', 9 " A " X T # "" C'-';''-.* *. ! "" " % Q%##$% @M" 9" # B E.'R. ! % " 9 # ""= >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c < # # ""9 ') ,'' < # # ""9 1 " " "= X " K''(' 4-5')= -'F ', " 7 " = X " $ ig " j i]5,'-+' 5,-5F-.j i " j #" = M H5* 5-= '-' ? " #" = #" 0 &54 5- G0 " #" #" 0 :; 54 5- G0 #" 6 0= " i! "A j :('= *'-F i('F' )*+j 6 0= " i# "A j 9"" 9 " " " >.-+ . -*-+ ;','( -*.. 8 9 " 9 " " 9"" % " 6 0= " i! j :('= *'-F i* )*+j 6 0= " i# j " ];.-+ -*. " # O.*-+ ** P# 1 " " "= # " K''(' 4-5')= (.') ', " 7 " = # " $ g X 9A" g # # h,-5F-. (''. :5'*.)' 5,-5F-. ? X 9A" <# W# Encephalon (% $ GG$ !F *+,-. Encephalon B+5.2,@4132-5.,2271@1E1@5B271-.21+E1.2+-3=@,+B5+,/-., 6 " 9 " A ''-+ f-+ F'-+Z',' ;', 9 " A " X M% X " # HI -'F .(.-. <# X " % M% " ' .(.-. " % M% X " 9 : -'F .(.-. 899" X " % 6 0= # :('= *-' 6 0= A9% /" 9 = # e('**' '= *-' 9 " = A9% < " ];.-+ '-' < " ! :'-5 ! M% X " X &.4 -'F .(.-. ? X X " % M% " a(.-. '*'( " ? " % C, " M% # " # HI (.') .(.-. <# # " % M"A # ""9 " " d*-+ F- Z M"A # ""9 " " M% # " 9 : (.') .(.-. 899" # " % M"A # ""9 9 " >.-+ F- Z M"A # ""9 9 " M% # " X &.4 (.') .(.-. ? X # " % /" 9 = 9 e('**' '= I('* 9 " = " Q## # M% # # " " " E.'; d*-+ *-')'W(.') .(.-. Q## # " # # " % M% # # " 9 " >.-+ *-')'W(.') .(.-. 8 9 " # # " % # %9 "9 >.-(.' *-' %9 "9 A9% < # # ""9 ') ,'' < # # ""9 T # "" C'-';''-.* *. ! "" " % Q%# $ " E.'*-;5 Q%# $ " $ " ]-;5 $ " M% # $## # " ,.';-+ .(.-. ! $## # " % # ""= >''-.*' *-'= *('# ""= c !" 0 $9 7 " :'5.*' -*. **+,' 4-5') $9 #" 0 X $9 7 " 1 " " "= ! " K''(' 4-5')= N*-+ )*+ " 7 " = " # !" 0 $9 7 " " " :'5.*' -*. F''(',' 4-5') $9 #" 0 X " " 7 " " $9 7 " :'5.* ''( **+,' 4-5') $9 A X $9 7 " < 9"" $ " >','( '-' *-;5 < 9"" X $ " #" 0 1 " :; 54 5- ]*. 4-5') G0 #" $9 7 " #" 0 &54 5- G0 " #" 9"" 9 " " " >.-+ . -*-+ ;','( -*.. 8 9 " 9 " " 9"" % " #" H5* 5- ? " #" # # "" O.*-+ ** :'N(.' *-' P# 8 "" % A9% T A # = ! # " O ;','( *.= ';;5.N.' )*+ ! A " %= # # 1 " " "= # " K''(' 4-5')= (.') ', " 7 " = # " $ /T " @???B ! # 9 " E-'(.,*-+ ( @???B >'* >4'4'( N.* P" 7 @???B ! ? # 9 " # A "" >'*';'4)'( N.* ! A "" T A " K.- *. D " % Encephalon (% $HF *+,-. Encephalon B+5.2,@4132-5.,2271@1E1@5B271/,//-@@,+AI5;-14 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ôðîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, frontal sections Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Gyrus frontalis superior Longitudinal cerebral fissure Gyrus frontalis medius Âåðõíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Gyrus cinguli Ñðåäíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Superior frontal gyrus Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Middle frontal gyrus Cisterna pericallosa Cingulate gyrus V. interna cerebri Îêîëîìîçîëèñòàÿ öèñòåðíà Âíóòðåííÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ âåíà Pericallosal cistern Internal cerebral vein Fornix, Crus Tela choroidea Ñâîä, íîæêà Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà Fornix, crus Choroid membrane Nucleus caudatus, Corpus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, òåëî Caudate nuñleus, body V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein Thalamus Putamen Òàëàìóñ Ñêîðëóïà Thalamus Putamen Gyrus frontalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Inferior frontal gyrus Insula [Lobus insularis] Sulcus lateralis Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Lateral sulcus Claustrum Gyrus temporalis superior Îãðàäà Claustrum Âåðõíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Superior temporal gyrus Corpus geniculatum laterale Ëàòåðàëüíîå êîëåí÷àòîå òåëî Lateral geniculate body Gyrus temporalis medius Ñðåäíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Nucleus caudatus, Cauda Middle temporal gyrus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, õâîñò Caudate nucleus, tail Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu temporale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, âèñî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, temporal horn Gyrus temporalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Inferior temporal gyrus Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ çàòûëî÷íî-âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis Gyrus parahippocampalis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ çàòûëî÷íî-âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Parahippocampal gyrus Corpus geniculatum mediale Pons Ðèñ. 582 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon, ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç Ìåäèàëüíîå êîëåí÷àòîå òåëî Ìîñò íà óðîâíå öåíòðàëüíîé ÷àñòè òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà. Ïðàâûé Medial geniculate body Pons è ëåâûé òàëàìóñû íà ýòîì óðîâíå ÷àñòî ñîåäèíåíû ìåæòàëàìè÷åñêèì ñðàùåíèåì Brain, Encephalon, frontal section at the level of the central part of the third ventricle. Right and left thalamus are frequently connected by the interthalamic adhesion at this level Cisterna pericallosa Îêîëîìîçîëèñòàÿ öèñòåðíà Pericallosal cistern Fornix, Crus Ñâîä, íîæêà Fornix, crus Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein Nucleus caudatus, Corpus Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, òåëî Caudate nuñleus, body Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus Cisterna fossae lateralis cerebri Öèñòåðíà ëàòåðàëüíîé ÿìêè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Cistern of lateral cerebral fossa Thalamus Putamen Òàëàìóñ Ñêîðëóïà Thalamus Putamen Gyrus temporalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Superior temporal gyrus Nucleus caudatus, Cauda Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, õâîñò Caudate nucleus, tail Gyrus temporalis medius Ñðåäíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Middle temporal gyrus Gyrus temporalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Inferior temporal gyrus Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ çàòûëî÷íî-âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ çàòûëî÷íî-âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Gyrus parahippocampalis Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Parahippocampal gyrus Ðèñ. 583 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon, ôðîíòàëüíûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå çàäíåé ñòåíêè òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Brain, Encephalon, frontal section at the level of the posterior wall of the third ventricle Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Gyrus precentralis Ïðåäöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Precentral gyrus Cerebellum Ìîçæå÷îê Cerebellum Ventriculus tertius Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Third ventricle Indusium griseum, Striae longitudinales medialis et lateralis Ñåðûé ïîêðîâ, ìåäèàëüíàÿ è ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðîäîëüíûå ïîëîñêè Indusium griseum, medial and lateral longitudinal striae Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Corpus callosum, Truncus Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Ventriculus lateralis, Pars centralis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, öåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Corpus callosum, trunk Lateral ventricle, central part Lamina affixa Ïðèêðåïëåííàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina affixa Stria terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Stria terminalis Plexus choroideus Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå Choroid plexus Stria medullaris thalami Ìîçãîâàÿ ïîëîñêà òàëàìóñà Stria medullaris of thalamus Ventriculus tertius Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Third ventricle Sulcus hypothalamicus Ãèïîòàëàìè÷åñêàÿ áîðîçäà Capsula extrema Ñàìàÿ íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà Hypothalamic sulcus Extreme capsule Capsula externa Íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà External capsule Capsula interna Nucleus ruber Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Êðàñíîå ÿäðî Internal capsule Red nucleus Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Alveus hippocampi Fimbria hippocampi Ëîòîê ãèïïîêàìïà Áàõðîìêà ãèïïîêàìïà Alveus (hippocampi) Fimbria (hippocampi) Gyrus dentatus Çóá÷àòàÿ èçâèëèíà Dentate gyrus Cisterna ambiens A. cerebri posterior Îõâàòûâàþùàÿ öèñòåðíà Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Cisterna ambiens Posterior cerebral artery Tractus pyramidalis (Tractus cerebellorubralis) Ïèðàìèäíûé ïóòü (Ìîçæå÷êîâî-êðàñíîÿäåðíûé ïóòü) (Cerebellorubral tract) Pyramidal tract Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulbus] Ïðîäîëãîâàòûé ìîçã [Áóëüáóñ] Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulb] Indusium griseum, Striae longitudinales medialis et lateralis Ñåðûé ïîêðîâ, ìåäèàëüíàÿ è ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðîäîëüíûå ïîëîñêè Indusium griseum, medial and lateral longitudinal striae Corpus callosum, Truncus Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ñòâîë Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Corpus callosum, trunk Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Ventriculus lateralis, Pars centralis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, öåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Lateral ventricle, central part Tela choroidea ventriculi tertii Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid membrane of third ventricle Stria terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Stria terminalis Lamina affixa Ïðèêðåïëåííàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina affixa Plexus choroideus ventriculi tertii Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of third ventricle Capsula interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Internal capsule Capsula extrema Ñàìàÿ íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà Extreme capsule Tegmentum mesencephali Ïîêðûøêà ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Tegmentum of midbrain Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Alveus hippocampi Ëîòîê ãèïïîêàìïà Alveus (hippocampi) Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu temporale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, âèñî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, temporal horn Fimbria hippocampi Áàõðîìêà ãèïïîêàìïà Cisterna ambiens Fimbria (hippocampi) Îõâàòûâàþùàÿ öèñòåðíà Cisterna ambiens A. cerebri posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior cerebral artery Oliva Pedunculus cerebellaris medius Îëèâà Ñðåäíÿÿ ìîçæå÷êîâàÿ íîæêà Inferior olive Middle cerebellar peduncle Funiculus posterior Aqueductus mesencephali Çàäíèé êàíàòèê Âîäîïðîâîä ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Posterior funiculus Aqueduct of midbrain ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* ! `(2%> 5 ! + # =>3*%&2 ? # <" =: 2*4 " $, - " $,343& 5 " GS "# <3*) ? "# F - .# 13L]'4,3 - .# 5 F : . $%<(23*<, 5 F 6" " ! 7- ! 8,33%7,3 - ! " 7 . =%2 . RS"#.! /%*)3 0!! "# - "# [,33&I*2&()*) - "# . ,D . - " I*2 " " . .! /%,D 0!! . : " . $)@@2*@& 5 : " . . =>,D ? . "" . A3&3LDQ,D + "" . "" . .! J%&3LDQ,D 0! "" . W.:."# $<(*>D2 W.: "# . ZS" $%23& 5" # ": "# $%3*% # " 5 >08?" /'" (),@; "" YD2 "" \ F 1 ? F G " ^ _33LI><%D2 :F " Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ôðîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, frontal sections - " 12*,34,3 5" " RS" 12*,33 5" - " .7 . J,3372 - " .7 . G " 75 " H2I><%D2743&D,3& + F " 7" 5 E": !F " /,<%,3,@32)><%D2 -: ! E F " E7- /%7>2 E7" GS : . 3*,3 : . F 9 ": ! /,<%,3, -: !..# - <32@,< ? " .# : " . H*2)@@2*@ .# O: " .P R F: " . A32)@@2*@ R FO: " .P ! T<D3 X 5 E": !F " /,<%,3,@32)><%D2 -: ! E F " G " 7- . H2I><%D27,DLI) - " + F " 7 . : =>I*2 ? " " 5! " "# .! /%*>D2>2 0!! "# ! " 5! " "# *>D2>2 "# ! " G."# _&*>D2 Encephalon G. "# . 88 !"#$ G ..! Encephalon %!&$'"()*+'#&$"'',*(*-*(&%',*.#$*"(1("$/"$/ I*)I@<, .! F . ',*%&3!',-*$'!#+(* ! "# $%&'&&()*) + ! "# + # 3*%&2 # # /',3 . # # H',3 d: . + # =>3*%&2 ? # 5" $%2& 5" "" " `@% - " " " "" ;*Q3LD% 5 Q "" " - " F $3D&(@ - " - " .79 . J,337@2 - " .7 . b) R G " 7- "" H2I><%D273LDLI) + F " 7 "" : " . ,D% . " RS "" .! J%&3LD3 0! "" . .! /%,D 0!! . - ^ !. _3*4,3 a !. " . =>,D ? . GS. "# H&(*) "# F "" . A3&3LDQ,D + "" . G."# _&*>D2 G. "# . "" . .! J%&3LDQ,D 0! "" . cLD + W.:."# $<(*>D2 W.: "# . 6" ! T<D3% X " 9 "# J%*>D2 9 "# . Encephalon 9 :9 !"#$ Encephalon %!&$'"( )*+'#&$"'',*(*-*(&%',*&++#.#'"(,&!$)&%',*("'*!"(-*$'!#+(*) A 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - ! "# ! "# $%&'&&()*) + ! "# R ": ! . " $<3D2))*) - ": !. .! /% 0!! RS"# 7ZS .! $%*)37%*%&3& R "# 7 .! # ": " $%43& 5" " $, - "" [3&% - " RS"# 7RS" $%*)37 2*,33 R "# 7" " $,343& 5 " - ! MZ ! " " A<D,3LI4MA<D,3,3&*,3)3 - ! MZ ! " " . . =%2 . RS"# 7ZS" $%*)37@%23& R "# 7" # ": " 7ZS A3&%7%3& + "7 . RS "" .! 7ZS J%&3LD373*L3 0! "" 7 # ": Encephalon; 8 !"#$ Encephalon;,&!#<&$'"()*+'#&$=3)' "6&-*',*+&!.3)+"((&)32 ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 B >08?" /'" (),@; ! "# ! "# $%&'&&()*) + ! "# RS"# 7RS" . $%*)3723*,3)3 R "# 7" . " $, - "" $,% - " RS" 12*,33 5" - " .79 " J,337,3 - " .7 K - " .7 ". J,337*L'@4L - " .7. " 6" " ! 7- 8,33%7)2 - ! , 7: ! G " 7- H2I><%D27LI) + F " 7 : . "!.7- F. "! $D@)%27@,3&@DI@)%2 . "!.7" F . "!. " $%43& 5" - <32@,< ? " "" [3&% - " " $,343& 5 " G " 75 " H2I><%D2743&D,3& + F " 7" GS : . 3*,3 : . F + # =>3*%&2 ? # . ;*&@,2 . 6" " ! 7- 8,33%73 - ! , 7# ! + . E $2@@,32 + . E - " .79 " J,337,3 - " .7 K 5 E": !F " /,<%,3,@32)><%D2 -: ! E F " b) R E7- /%7>2 E7" - " .7 ". e J,337&('@4L - " .7. e " " $, - - " .79 . J,337@2 - " .7 . O "" P OT3LDLLP O\"" P 5" $%2& 5" ! "# $%&'&&()*) + ! "# - Y - "# $%3*% # " " "" ;*Q3LD% 5 Q "" " Encephalon 9:9 !"#$ Encephalon ,&!#<&$'"()*+'#&$"'',*(*-*(&%',*+*$'!"(."!') &%',*("'*!"(-*$'!#+(*) 2% %%./ ))3 %"! " , ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, horizontal sections Cisterna pericallosa Îêîëîìîçîëèñòàÿ öèñòåðíà Pericallosal cistern Gyrus frontalis medius Ñðåäíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Middle frontal gyrus Septum pellucidum Ïðîçðà÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Septum pellucidum Fornix, Columna Ñâîä, ñòîëá Fornix, column Nucleus caudatus, Caput Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, ãîëîâêà Caudate nuñleus, head Gyrus frontalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ëîáíàÿ èçâèëèíà Inferior frontal gyrus Insula [Lobus insularis] Îñòðîâîê [Îñòðîâêîâàÿ äîëÿ] Insula [Insular lobe] Gyrus precentralis Ïðåäöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Precentral gyrus Sulcus centralis Öåíòðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Central sulcus Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus Claustrum Îãðàäà Claustrum Putamen Ñêîðëóïà Putamen Cisterna fossae lateralis cerebri Öèñòåðíà ëàòåðàëüíîé ÿìêè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Cistern of lateral cerebral fossa Gyrus temporalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Superior temporal gyrus Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus Nucleus caudatus, Cauda Õâîñòàòîå ÿäðî, õâîñò Caudate nucleus, tail Sulcus temporalis superior Âåðõíÿÿ âèñî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Superior temporal sulcus Corpus callosum, Splenium Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, âàëèê Corpus callosum, splenium Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Fissura transversa cerebri Ïîïåðå÷íàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Transverse cerebral fissure (Gyri occipitales) (Çàòûëî÷íûå èçâèëèíû) (Occipital gyri) Sulcus lunatus Ïîëóëóííàÿ áîðîçäà Lunate sulcus Gyrus cinguli Ïîÿñíàÿ èçâèëèíà Cingulate gyrus Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Aa. cerebri anteriores, Aa. pericallosae Ïåðåäíèå ìîçãîâûå àðòåðèè, îêîëîìîçîëèñòûå àðòåðèè Anterior cerebral arteries, pericallosal arteries Indusium griseum Ñåðûé ïîêðîâ Indusium griseum Corpus callosum, Genu Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, êîëåíî Corpus callosum, genu Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu frontale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, ëîáíûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, frontal horn Ventriculus lateralis, Pars centralis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, öåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Lateral ventricle, central part Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Stria terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïîëîñêà Stria terminalis V. thalamostriata superior Âåðõíÿÿ òàëàìîñòðèàðíàÿ âåíà Superior thalamostriate vein Fornix, Corpus Ñâîä, òåëî Fornix, body Capsula extrema Ñàìàÿ íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà Extreme capsule Capsula externa Íàðóæíàÿ êàïñóëà External capsule A. cerebri media, Rr. terminales Ñðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ, òåðìèíàëüíûå âåòâè Middle cerebral artery, terminal branches Capsula interna Âíóòðåííÿÿ êàïñóëà Internal capsule Tela choroidea Ñîñóäèñòàÿ îñíîâà Choroid membrane Plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis Ñîñóäèñòîå ñïëåòåíèå áîêîâîãî æåëóäî÷êà Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle Fornix, Crus Ñâîä, íîæêà Fornix, crus Ventriculus lateralis, Bulbus cornus occipitalis Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, ëóêîâèöà çàòûëî÷íîãî ðîãà Lateral ventricle, bulb of occipital horn Corpus callosum, Tapetum Ìîçîëèñòîå òåëî, ïîêðîâ Corpus callosum, tapetum Sulcus subparietalis Ïîäòåìåííàÿ áîðîçäà Subparietal sulcus Precuneus Ïðåäêëèíüå Precuneus Sulcus parietooccipitalis Òåìåííî-çàòûëî÷íàÿ áîðîçäà Cuneus Parieto-occipital sulcus Êëèí Cuneus Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Ðèñ. 588 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå äíà öåíòðàëüíûõ ÷àñòåé áîêîâûõ æåëóäî÷êîâ Brain, Encephalon, horizontal section at the level of the floor of the central parts of the lateral ventricles -./ ! 0(1 4 "5!6 7)8)$8+9 : ;1() :! ;8 1)3 </6=! .&! '(+>9 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, horizontal sections 4 ; "6K!6#6B2(2 : ; + W#IA>X 4 % ,-# . OT % % ! !"!> EA>! !2 "' S R %% 7%% E>! !2 "' 7%% / 0% 1))!" 02' 03 4 50 "0)# 4 50 . 9:; < &) '9&) '"< . 9. ;< ,-# . ; 8)! )! 6A('#6B2(2 ; &2 " + ' => + % % C! DE 7% % ?3 @(= ?3 ? 3 R =")) !)6!2-!="E' 3 ; 3 R 7 % % C! DE# " 7% % / 0 1))!" 0D) 0 % !"E $ % F % G FH)IEI!IG FJ % G 7 ==# " : + % H)IEIA>X J % % L ST; 0ST% ! !"(2 )! 0'() )! S ; 0% . ! IA>' % 0 . N)!)!0'! % 0 O 0 Q'A-!="E!'0#IA 2 : R 0 3 + 53 R =")!>!)!!#'2-!="E' 3 % 5 R % 0 C=) !'>=0>! !"-' . % 0 ; OT3 % C! D)() ! 7% 3 R 4 R N!--!="E'!)! )! . R % 0 C=) !'>=0'! . % 0 % 5 ( =-'>= V5% % 5 , =-'>= V5 % % 0% C=) !'>=0"-' . % 0% ; O @ !)A-!="E!' ?3 R U%% ,"BB'"!=2=#!! 7%% OT ; C=) !(2! . ; R % 0U % C=) !'>=0 )!6=E))6 . % 0% 4 ; 3 %%% QD ('2>>'(> 4 ; F3 %%% G + 53 R =")!>!)!!#'2-!="E' 3 % 5 R 4 50 "0>A' 4 50 O 0 % Q'A-!="E!'0)IEIA 2 : R 0 % 3 % 04%Z N)!)!0#6B!K>*I % 0Z% R )E6B> % % 07% N)!)!0' % 0% 7 Y> # " 4 ; "6K!6#6B2(2 : ; Ðèñ. 589 Encephalon ! Encephalon "# $#!%&'()% #!%%"(&(*(&#+%"( -,,(,%#+%"(%" .*(!% )&( ? 2% %%./ ))3 %"! " , ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , Brain, horizontal sections Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû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ncephalon /0 ! Encephalon "# $#!%&'()% #!%"#-1"%"( )(!%(#+%"(%" .*(!% )&(%%"(&(*(&#+%"( !%(%"&2 ) ."(' #! -./ ! 0(1 4 "5!6 7)8)$8+9 : ;1() :! ;8 1)3 @ </6=! .&! '(+>9 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, horizontal sections % &'()*)! + / 0% 1))!" 02' 03 [%3 \>)(= [%3 ,-# . + ' => + ; 8)! )! 6A('#6B2(2 ; &2 " % % C! DE 7% % 4 ; "6K!6#6B2(2 : ; ST; 0ST% ! !"!(2I! )! 0'()I! )! S ; 0% % )! (6 + S; "()!>! 7; : @! (6>)' : % 0 C=) !'>=0>! !"-' . % 0 ; 4 50 "0)# 4 50 ! !">A' S 4 3 *!"M)(E!'A>=E' $ 3 7 3%3 \>)(E!'# " [%3 7 % % C! DE# " 7% % % 0% C=) !'>=0"-' . % 0% ; % !"E $ % % 0U % C=) !'>=0 )!6=E))6 . % 0% 4 ; 3 %%% QD ('2>>'(> 4 ; F3 %%% G H=#E) ` S R3 %%% W)'2>>'(> S RF3 %%% G / ; L !" U % W)! 6!(!"6!'!E)I!)! : ; / 0 1))!" 0D) 0 % !"E $ % [ %%% \>>'(> [ %%% ; &D)IXK*)! ; %3 %%% 2>>'(>6 +3 %%% 7 L)! 6# " F % G FH)IEI!IG FJ % G O ; ]! 6(-!E' O ; ÎE : + 53 R =")!>!)!!#'2-!="E' 3 % 5 R V L)! 6!IB!! O 0 % Q'A-!="E!'0EIA 2 : R 0% 3 7 3 %%% \>>'(>6# " [ %%% ? %3 ' IB' !"!2(2 ? ; ST; % H"(2 )! + ; ? %3 0 % S_ %3 L IB !"!2(20! DAD(' C"> " !"!2(2 ? ; 0% S_ ; 4 ; "6K!6#6B2(2 : ; Encephalon 03 ! Encephalon "# $#!%&'()% #!%"#-1"%"(%" . *(!% )&(%%"(&(*(&#+%"(#,(! !1#+%"(4-(.-)%#+2 .5 ! 2% %%./ ))3 %"! " , ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, ãîðèçîíòàëüíûå ñðåçû Brain, horizontal sections Gyrus rectus Ïðÿìàÿ èçâèëèíà Straight gyrus Gyri orbitales Ãëàçíè÷íûå èçâèëèíû Orbital gyri A. communicans anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior communicating artery Lamina terminalis Òåðìèíàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Lamina terminalis A. cerebri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior cerebral artery Hypothalamus Ãèïîòàëàìóñ Hypothalamus Cisterna fossae lateralis cerebri Öèñòåðíà ëàòåðàëüíîé ÿìêè áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Cistern of lateral cerebral fossa A. cerebri media Ñðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Middle cerebral artery Gyrus parahippocampalis Ïàðàãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Parahippocampal gyrus Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ çàòûëî÷íî-âèñî÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus A. communicans posterior Çàäíÿÿ ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior communicating artery Uncus Êðþ÷îê Uncus Fossa interpeduncularis Ìåæíîæêîâàÿ ÿìêà Interpeduncular fossa Cisterna interpeduncularis Ìåæíîæêîâàÿ öèñòåðíà Interpeduncular cistern Substantia nigra ×åðíîå âåùåñòâî Substantia nigra A. cerebri posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior cerebral artery Nucleus ruber Êðàñíîå ÿäðî Red nucleus Cisterna ambiens Îõâàòûâàþùàÿ öèñòåðíà Cisterna ambiens Tegmentum mesencephali Ïîêðûøêà ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Tegmentum of midbrain Tectum mesencephali, Colliculus inferior Êðûøà ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà, íèæíèé õîëìèê Tectum of midbrain, inferior colliculus Frenulum veli medullaris superioris Óçäå÷êà âåðõíåãî ìîçãîâîãî ïàðóñà Frenulum of superior medullary velum Gyrus lingualis ßçû÷íàÿ èçâèëèíà Lingual gyrus A. cerebri anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior cerebral artery Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Cisterna chiasmatica Öèñòåðíà ïåðåêðåñòà Chiasmatic cistern Recessus supraopticus Ñóïðàîïòè÷åñêîå óãëóáëåíèå Supra-optic recess Recessus infundibuli Óãëóáëåíèå âîðîíêè Infundibular recess Ventriculus tertius Òðåòèé æåëóäî÷åê Third ventricle Corpus mamillare Ñîñöåâèäíîå òåëî Mammillary body Tractus opticus Çðèòåëüíûé òðàêò Optic tract Corpus amygdaloideum Ìèíäàëåâèäíîå òåëî Amygdaloid body (Gyrus ambiens) (Îõâàòûâàþùàÿ èçâèëèíà) (Gyrus ambiens) Pedunculus cerebri, Crus cerebri Íîæêà ìîçãà, âåíòðàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü Cerebral peduncle, cerebral crus Pes hippocampi Íîæêà ãèïïîêàìïà Pes (hippocampi) Hippocampus Ãèïïîêàìï Hippocampus Ventriculus lateralis, Cornu temporale Áîêîâîé æåëóäî÷åê, âèñî÷íûé ðîã Lateral ventricle, temporal horn Eminentia collateralis Êîëëàòåðàëüíîå âîçâûøåíèå Collateral eminence Sulcus hippocampalis Ãèïïîêàìïàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Hippocampal sulcus Sulcus collateralis Êîëëàòåðàëüíàÿ áîðîçäà Collateral sulcus Hemispherium cerebelli Ïîëóøàðèå ìîçæå÷êà Hemisphere of cerebellum Aqueductus mesencephali Âîäîïðîâîä ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà Aqueduct of midbrain Fissura longitudinalis cerebri Ïðîäîëüíàÿ ùåëü áîëüøîãî ìîçãà Longitudinal cerebral fissure Vermis cerebelli ×åðâü ìîçæå÷êà Vermis of cerebellum Ðèñ. 592 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon, çèãçàãîîáðàçíûé ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç ïî äíó òðåòüåãî æåëóäî÷êà íà óðîâíå ñîñöåâèäíûõ òåë Brain, Encephalon, staggered horizontal section through the floor of the third ventricle at the level of the mammillary bodies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ÊE_ "# $ $ 7 ( +/ ÊE_ @66 !6 $OÊE_ TA( *& ( ,6)) <&` E$ $ 3 8 $3 4&*D %& ( & 5))3 "# ))$ $6 8$ "# 7% *& %( + ( B&*( V ( 8 ))$ $ 8$ a L)$ ))$ 6 &0 20* % '&&' L)$ )-)3$ "#O &&& ( R Encephalon 5$ 6$^53$ ba_ !" Encephalon &%&'&(/&'^VA+1A*_ 0&'! "#&,$!)" 5$ 6$^53$ ba_ R$ M8 $ V&0&&/C A%& 0MD ( + *(+ ; O$ M $ 6 R# ) 6 T K (&*( 6 ) O$ 8[ 3O$ 4&*A%*(& *< ( 1&0&&'&C A%&0 ,6 )ML$ ,36[- O$ B&&*(& ( &M*(& L) $ L 3O$ ,6 )M $\ ZA* & * 4&*A%*( &*&( (+ '&C A%&0 H 3 M,6 L) ,$ ,3))$- 3O$ c&*((& % &M'&&0 $ ,3 $*M3 . ( + 1& &% ,6$ $ ,$ TA( 0<*A N$[M, E$ $ 6 4&%M&C0 R$ M,$-$ N$[M V&0&&/C A%& 0M&1/ &' N$[M,)) ; O$ M-$ $ 4&%M*</0 ,6 )M$ N$[M )) B&&*(& ( &M0& & ,6 )M6$) ,6 )M$ B&&*(& ( &M0 ,6 )M6$) ,))$ H# ÊR_ % *</0 6 6 V&0&/ ÊR_ "$ )) Z &:(& 1& &% L $OÊR_ ,6 )MI ) 8 : 6 B&&*(& ( &M0? , $)$ ,6 )M ) JK(?G D*( , $)$ 6 )$ ( + 83$ )3 8 )$ 4 % &C 0& &C0 533 63$ a- "# $ J1& ( + A0&D $ % &'& ( !- ]<& 1& &% "$ , $ "# $ $ R$ S TA( *& ( F ( (/C A%& 0 E$ $ 3 N O$ H#6 ÊE_ @)6) H# ) ÊEE_ 7 ( +/ ÊE_ "# 6 &A2 &C 0 &%'( +/ ÊEE_ !6 $OÊE_ @)6- ) ! ) $OÊEE_ 7% &'& ( 8 R) "#6 F +&C 0 "# T K &C 0& ( R)- ) 6 V ( 8[ 3O$ S a 4&*A%*(& *< ( ( (&'&C A%&0 8$ H#3 $^RE_ ,36[-- O$ B&*( Encephalon 8$ J(&% G/ ^RE_ "6 O$ S "3 $ $O^RE_ 3 4 9( + < (A ( (&'&C A%&0 H#6^dEE_ ; 6 -- O$ H#O ^REEE_ 4 !" &%f / ^dEE_ %% &:A(0&/ ^REEE_ H#- ^REE_ @6$O^dEE_ Encephalon # %!$$ +#&,$!)" R $O^REEE_ H# ^dE_ 9D &/ ^REE_ $()-%($(&+&.$(&0!#5(&& $ e&1&/ ^dE_ N $O^REE_ "#O $(&+&/&+).$(&(& ').$(& H#6$Êd_ &&& ( H#O^d_ " $O^dE_ , -' $&"-,+&-# R Q0&'&(&/ Êd_ VAC%?G/ ^d_ 6$$OÊd_ R$O^d_ @ 2% %%./ ))3 %"! " , ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , " ! 63)3 B %+/1 %/2 63)3)$ $ . ( + 1& &% ,$ L) ZA* L) H 3 M,6 c&*((& % &M( & ,3 $ M3 R$ M,$ )6 V&0&&/C A%& 0M*&/ &' ; O$ M )6$ ,6$ $M,$ TA( 0<*AM< % &C0 E$ $ 6M$ ) 8[ 3O$ 4&*A%*(& *< ( 1&0&&'&C A%&0 ,36[- O$ 63 9( +/1 %/2 63 )$ 8 )$ 40& A< 8 )$ ,))$ % *</0 "$ )) "# $ $ TA( *& ( E$ $ 3 N$[M, 4&%M&C0 N$[M @66 )6 <<&0< @66 )6 666 )6M=$ '<<&0<+ M0 ?&0 866 )6M$ "# )3 4 % &'& ( 533 "# ))$ $6 7% *& %( + ( 8 ))$ $ $ ]<& 1& &% , $ H# ) ÊEE_ &%'( +/ ÊEE_ ! ) $OÊEE_ 666 )6 '<<&0<+ 866 )6 8$ B&*( 8$ @)6) &A2 &C 0 @)6- ) 83$ )3 4 % &C 0& &C0 533 63$ "# 6 7% &'& ( 8 H 3$ 7A1(& % & g$ $ Encephalon6 3 4 4 !" Encephalon6 # %!$$ +#&,$!)"$()-%($(&+&.$(&0!#5(&& $$(&+&/&+).$(&2)'1 ).$(&, -' $&"-,+&-# 63 9( +/1 %/2 63 )$ ,6$ $ TA( 0<*A E$ $ 6 $ . ( + 1& &% ,$ 63)3 B %+/1 %/2 63)3)$ H 3 M,3 c&*((& % &MK&*( ,3 $ M 8 )$ 40& A< 8 )$ ) 3) 4&*A%*(/0A1&0 ,3$)$ E$^;$_ J*( &&0^J*( &0& %& _ E$Ê$_ L6 ) &0 & L6 ) ,))$ % *</0 "$ )) "# )3 4 % &'& ( 533 R$ M,$ 6 V&0&&/C A%& 0M(&/ &' ; O$ M 6 $ , $- .*( ( +&/ 01&+2&'&&' , $- - ,6)33) B% %& ( & ")333 666 )6 '<<&0<+ 866 )6 L$) >&( +/( A'&+0 , $ "# 6 7% &'& ( 8 @66 )6 <<&0< @66 )6 8[ 3O$ 4&*A%*(& *< ( 1&0&&'&C A%&0 ,36[- O$ @)6) &A2 &C 0 @)6- ) N)66 )6 VK &0'<<&0< N)X66 )6Y Encephalon 3 4 !" Encephalon # %!$$ + #&,$!)"$()-%($(&+&.$(&0!#5(&& $$(&+&/&+).$(& 01%' +)!'2)'1 -./ ! 0(1 5 "6!7 8)9)$9+: ; <1() ;! <9 1)3 A =/7>! .&! '(+?: , ) J' % , ) " ! $ . ( + 1& &% ,$ E$^;$_ J*( &&0^J*( &0& %& _ E$Ê$_ 8 )$ 40& A< 8 )$ "# )3 4 % &'& ( 533 8[ 3O$ 4&*A%*(& *< ( 1&0&&'&C A%&0 ,36[- O$ U)$$ >&( +& &2 , )$$ , $- .*( ( +&/ 01&+2&'&&' , $- - 666 )6 '<<&0<+ 866 )6 @66 )6 <<&0< @66 )6 R$ M,$ )6 V&0&&/C A%& 0M*&/ &' ; O$ M )6$ @)6) &A2 &C 0 @)6- ) H 3 M,3 c&*((& % &MK&*( ,3 $ M Encephalon 3 43 !" Encephalon # %!$$ +#&,$!)"$()-%($(&+&.$(&0!#5(&& $$(& +&/&+).$(& 5&7).$&05) +()" $ . ( + 1& &% ,$ , $- .*( ( +&/ 01&+2&'&&' , $- - E$^;$_ J*( &&0^J*( &0& %& _ E$Ê$_ "# )3 4 % &'& ( 533 @)6) &A2 &C 0 @)6- ) Encephalon 3 4 !" Encephalon # %!$$ + #&,$!)"$()-%($(&+&.$(&0!#5(&& $$(&+&/&+).$(&!"#-+ 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Ïîëîæåíèå ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Situs of the spinal cord Cerebrum, Hemispherium Áîëüøîé ìîçã, ïîëóøàðèå Cerebrum, hemisphere Encephalon Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã Brain Cerebellum Ìîçæå÷îê Cerebellum Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulbus] Ïðîäîëãîâàòûé ìîçã [Áóëüáóñ] Myelencephalon [Medulla oblongata; Bulb] Os occipitale Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü Occipital bone Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis C2 ×óâñòâèòåëüíûé óçåë ñïèííîìîçãîâîãî íåðâà (Ñïèíîìîçãîâîé óçåë) C2 Spinal ganglion of C2 Intumescentia cervicalis Øåéíîå óòîëùåíèå Cervical enlargement Ganglia sensoria nervorum spinalium cervicalium ×óâñòâèòåëüíûå óçëû øåéíûõ ñïèííîìîçãîâûõ íåðâîâ Cervical spinal ganglia Nn. thoracici, Radices posteriores Ãðóäíûå íåðâû, çàäíèå êîðåøêè Thoracic nerves, posterior roots Medulla spinalis Ñïèííîé ìîçã Spinal cord Costae Ðåáðà Ribs Intumescentia lumbosacralis Ïîÿñíè÷íî-êðåñòöîâîå óòîëùåíèå Lumbosacral enlargement Nn. intercostales Ìåæðåáåðíûå íåðâû Intercostal nerves Rr. posteriores Çàäíèå âåòâè Posterior branches Nn. thoracici Ãðóäíûå íåðâû Thoracic nerves Rr. cutanei laterales Ëàòåðàëüíûå êîæíûå âåòâè Lateral cutaneous branches Conus medullaris Ìîçãîâîé êîíóñ Conus medullaris Ganglia sensoria nervorum spinalium lumbalium ×óâñòâèòåëüíûå óçëû ïîÿñíè÷íûõ ñïèííîìîçãîâûõ íåðâîâ Lumbar spinal ganglia Ren [Nephros] Ïî÷êà Kidney Cauda equina Êîíñêèé õâîñò Cauda equina Ala ossis ilium Êðûëî ïîäâçäîøíîé êîñòè Ala of ilium Ganglia sensoria nervorum spinalium sacralium ×óâñòâèòåëüíûå óçëû êðåñòöîâûõ ñïèííîìîçãîâûõ íåðâîâ Sacral spinal ganglia Ðèñ. 599 Ãîëîâíîé ìîçã, Encephalon, ñïèííîé ìîçã, Medulla spinalis, è ñïèííîìîçãîâûå íåðâû, Nn. spinales, íîâîðîæäåííîãî. Ñïèííîé ìîçã ó íîâîðîæäåííîãî ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñî âçðîñëûì ÷àùå ïðîñòèðàåòñÿ íà äâà ïîçâîíî÷íûõ ñåãìåíòà êàóäàëüíåå Brain, Encephalon, spinal cord, Medulla spinalis, and spinal nerves, Nn. spinales, in a neonate. In the neonate, the spinal cord extends mostly two vertebral segments further caudally compared to the adult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kE8! +7 ^ e ,; ^ X d , B - @"'8+1 1"2 6 B - R .h /8N2 .h 6 -h ,- , P?XQ /+8! 2792 P?XQ T ,- , , P?XQ W, ,- , - 77+11 % + W,- , , R O J - ,- ,; ,B - -B K%(87&+ 7 %# (=8++"# I +7 P<=8++"# 7 %# Q >- 6 -h ,- , P?ZQ /+8! 2792 P?ZQ T ,- , , P?ZQ W, ;,, ,;- - eAA f% eAA 97!+ =#+2 W, R ,;- ;,, eAA 6 -h ,- , P:XQ /+8! 2792 P:XQ T ,- , , P:XQ W, ;,, , - A f% A %+ =#+2 W, R , - ;,, A g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , ? AAA @7' AAA 6- AAA ] 34 ,;- ?XY?Z S7!+ 7 +7 <XY<Z ?,;- ,; ?XY?Z T M( T 34 ÂA `1# 0+ ! +7 ÂA L ,; ÂA a \ b c Z X O ] a \ 34 , -:XY:XO *%+ 7 +7 [XY[XO : , - ,; :XY:XO > , , - /+11 7&+1 '# T , , g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , > B- ,- , /+11 (78++1 '# T ,- , B- b c Z i W, ;,, , - ÂA f% ÂA %+ =#+2 W, R , - ;,, ÂA 6 -h ,- , P:XOQ /+8! 2792 P:XOQ T ,- , , P:XOQ W, ;,, B - A f% A =1(+80+ =#+2 W, R B , ;,, A 6 -h ,- , PFXQ /+8! 2792 PFXQ T ,- , , PFXQ Xj XX XO X O 34 B FXYF\ 1(+80+ 7 +7 FXYF\ FB , ,; FXYF\ J - ,-B ,;- - - K%(87&+ ! %#7 (=8++"# +7 P<=8++"#! %#7Q >- - ? G- H+(28! I( ? G- ] a W, ;,, B - e f% e =1(+80+ =#+2 W, R B , ;,, e \ X 34 , >XY>\ H7(D 7 +7 >XY>\ > , ,; >XY>\ . ,B H7(7D > ,B O ] a \ 34 H=082 ! +7 ? ,; 34 ÂA `1# 0+ ! +7 ÂA L ,; ÂA >B ,;- T , ,;- - ?XY?Z S7!+ 7 (7"7+ S7!+1 0(& ?XY?Z ?,;- B ?,;- , ?XY?Z ! "# $%&'%( 34 ,- Â f'0+ ! +7 Â W , ,; Â g - , B-B 7727( =8"8 g - R , B- d-, B- ,- , 77+11 (78++1 E7& W,- , B- R-, > , , - 77+11 7&+1 '# W, , AB- ,;- - S7!+7 %E7+87 ?,;- ,B >B , - T , , - :XY:XO *%+ 7 (7"7+ *%+1 0(& :XY:XO : , - B : , - , :XY:XO >B B , - T , B -5 T , , - FXYF\ >XY>\ 1(+80+ 7 8 27(D 7 (7"7+ 1(+80+1 0(&5 H7(D1 0(& FXYF\ >XY>\ FB , , B FB , ,5 > , , FXYF\ >XY>\ 6 - ,- , /+87 27928 T ,- , , g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , AB- B , - 1(+80+C27(D7 %E7+87 FB , ,B ? B ,- M#! 2+%( ? B ,- d-B ,B- [7"8+&+1 +8& d-B ,B- J - ,,; ,B - -B K%(87&+ 7 %# (=8++"# I +7 P<=8++"# 7 %# Q >- d-B ,B- 5 T , , - [7"8+&+1 +8&5 7'070+1 0(& d-B ,B- 5 , , d-B ,B- 5 T , , - [7"8+&+1 +8&5 7'070+1 0(& d-B ,B- 5 , , d-B ,B- 5 T , , - [7"8+&+1 +8&5 7'070+1 0(& d-B ,B- 5 , , . - e,, AYAe H=082 2=082 7 =#+28 AYAe ? h ;,, AYAe : A BCDE ) 9D= 9 9 #%+ ?'$%#()*"+ &'$%#(%,"-,& :&$.8&*7.0,&'$%#()*"+ +*"&#(-$,4@&.0,&'$%#( )*"+&,62,%.&#",%825,",+#))*"+$%6.*.0,&'$%#(%,"-,& #%+.0,8'',"2*&. &'$%#(%,"-,BCDE$&(*)#.,+$22,+$#.,(3#5*-,.0,#.(#& .0,",#",#).8#((3 ,$60.),"-$)#(&,62,%.& : < ?'$%#()*"+ #%+&'$%#(%,"-,& :.0,&'$%#(+8"#2#.," 0#&5,,%*',%,+ +*"&#(-$,4 :< ?'$%#()*"+ #%+&'$%#(%,"-,& :.0,&'$%#(+8"#2#.," 0#&5,,%*',%,+ -,%."#(-$,4 ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 >08?" /'" (),@; % d-, B- ,- , 77+11 (78++1 E7& W,- , B- R-, d-, B- ,- , 77+11 (78++1 E7& W,- , B- R-, J - ,,; ,B - -B K%(87&+ 7 %# (=8++"# I +7 P<=8++"# 7 %# Q >- - g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , > B- ,- , /+11 (78++1 '# T ,- , B- 34 B 1(+80+ 7 +7 FB , ,; F-4 - B /%'01 (1#2 g- - B > , , - /+11 7&+1 '# T , , ? B ,- M#! 2+%( ? B ,- 6 -h ,- ,5 d- , - ,/+8! 27925 2792 7 +88 T ,- , , 5 , d-B ,B- [7"8+&+1 +8& d-B ,B- g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , W, - B , - - %8++1 '02 (=8++ "# >- , - B , J - ,- ,; ,B - -B K%(87&+ 7 %# (=8++"# I +7 P<=8++"# 7 %# Q >- - g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , ? G- H+(28! I( ? G- g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , 34 H=082 ! +7 ? ,; Medulla spinalis < Meninges spinales ?'$%#()*"+ Medulla spinalis #%+&'$%#(2,%$%6,& Meninges spinales +*"&#(-$,4 Medulla spinalis: Cauda equina ?'$%#()*"+ Medulla spinalis:)#8+#('#".4$.0.0,)#8+#,J8$%# Cauda equina -,%."#(-$,4 B5B g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , g, B , - - [71 '02 (=8++ "# >- , B , - 2 F9 Nn. spinales Radices: ?'$%#(%,"-,"**.& Nn. spinales Radices:.3'$)#()*8"&,4$.0$%.0,&85#"#)0%*$+&'#), G Segmentum cervicaleC,"-$)#(&,62,%. Segmentum thoracicumH0*"#)$)&,62,%. ; Segmentum lumbaleI825#"&,62,%. 2% %%./ ))3 %"! " , ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , Àðòåðèè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Arteries of the spinal cord A. basilaris Áàçèëÿðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Basilar artery A. vertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vertebral artery Rr. spinales Ñïèííîìîçãîâûå âåòâè Spinal branches A. spinalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior spinal artery A. cervicalis ascendens Âîñõîäÿùàÿ øåéíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Ascending cervical artery A. vertebralis Ïîçâîíî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ Vertebral artery Pars ascendens aortae [Aorta ascendens] Âîñõîäÿùàÿ ÷àñòü àîðòû [Âîñõîäÿùàÿ àîðòà] Ascending aorta R. spinalis Ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ âåòâü Spinal branch A. intercostalis posterior Çàäíÿÿ ìåæðåáåðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior intercostal artery A. spinalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior spinal artery N. spinalis, Radix anterior Ñïèííîìîçãîâîé íåðâ, ïåðåäíèé êîðåøîê Spinal nerve, anterior root Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis ×óâñòâèòåëüíûé óçåë ñïèííîìîçãîâîãî íåðâà (Ñïèííîìîçãîâîé óçåë) Spinal ganglion Truncus nervi spinalis Ñòâîë ñïèííîìîçãîâîãî íåðâà Trunk of spinal nerve Pons Ìîñò Pons Os occipitale Çàòûëî÷íàÿ êîñòü Occipital bone Atlas Àòëàíò Atlas Arcus aortae Äóãà àîðòû Arch of aorta Pars descendens aortae [Aorta descendens] Íèñõîäÿùàÿ ÷àñòü àîðòû [Íèñõîäÿùàÿ àîðòà] Descending aorta Aa. intercostales posteriores Çàäíèå ìåæðåáåðíûå àðòåðèè Posterior intercostal arteries (A. radicularis magna) * (Áîëüøàÿ êîðåøêîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ) * (Greater radicular artery) * Cauda equina Êîíñêèé õâîñò Cauda equina Ðèñ. 607 Àðòåðèè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Arteries of the spinal cord * Êëèíè÷åñêèé òåðìèí: àðòåðèÿ Àäàìêåâè÷à, àðòåðèÿ ïîÿñíè÷íîãî óòîëùåíèÿ. Clinical term: artery of ADAMKIEWICZ. Aa. spinales posteriores Çàäíèå ñïèííîìîçãîâûå àðòåðèè Posterior spinal arteries A. spinalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior spinal artery (A. spinalis lateralis) (Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ) (Lateral spinal artery) A. medullaris segmentalis posterior Çàäíÿÿ ñåãìåíòàðíàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior segmental medullary artery A. radicularis posterior Çàäíÿÿ êîðåøêîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Posterior radicularis artery R. spinalis (A. intercostalis posterior) Ñïèííîìîçãîâàÿ âåòâü (Çàäíÿÿ ìåæðåáåðíàÿ àðòåðèÿ) Spinal branch (Posterior intercostal artery) A. radicularis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ êîðåøêîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior radicularis artery A. medullaris segmentalis anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ñåãìåíòàðíàÿ ìîçãîâàÿ àðòåðèÿ Anterior segmental medullary artery Ðèñ. 608 Àðòåðèè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Arteries of the spinal cord -./ ! 0(1 5 "6!7 8)9)$9+: ; <1() ;! <9 1)3 4 =/7>! .&! '(+?: )? "?C 1 ? &( , C 1 ? "? )? "? C 1? &'M/( , C 1 ? "? U ""? ?7 " a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`+ C )?* 7 " Y@%M4 G 7 ??* " * G " Y@%-6=@ G " G ?C ;G ? ? 6@(;6 " ?C; + 3 U? C 1 4@% C 1 B? " 7 $ )Medulla spinalis8 " 99) ## ! 8*(!" :;# <)Medulla spinalis8 ;)./8=,:>>? @$ &"A,Pars cervicalis,-B, C*' &"A,Pars thoracica,D, E & " &"A,Pars lumbalis,FG.H, I (&"A,Pars sacralis,<, 1 @ 2% %%./ ))3 $% &' () * '* +#,- %"! " , :?" ?C 7 I c 7 ?" ? G ?C ;G ? ? &6@(;6 , " ?C; + :?" ? + ""? &M :?" ? + ""? G ?C C 1 ;G ? E=6@(;(=6 _ C 1 " ?C; + )?* 7 GM4 F ??* " :?" ? ? $( :?" ? ? _ __ ___ _0 0 0__ 0___ :?" ? C 1 'M/d@@% _ C 1 ?" ? b G " Y@%-6=@ G " _b ! " "%&! " #$ '( )* (+ , !)?* 7 C 1 " # !Y@%'M/4# !G C 1 7 C # :?" e :?" G ?C ;G ? ? 6@(;6 " ?C; + 7 $ ) 8 ! " '! (+( ( I M# #TR4U40)VW:X)VW:Y)VWZY[ '& *' TDV>[,\ K&# !"( ! # (!" 9M M (A*P <) 8.S]S/.S/G TSR4U40)VW:X)VW:Y)VWZY[)=.H/S. TDV>[,^.G.H.B/S. F 7 ?C . PM@%-6M@ !$6M@# ) 7 7 2 3 1 4 4 5 fg I' )A hi j6_ ? ki Q6 c ? B + liJ6d-5/-6 : ? C?"? mi J6d-5/ c?" 1 JK!#9 8% "#$K!# L'(*M $ 9$) I ( 9$) "#$) # ! 9$) & " 9$,',N8% ! "#$K!#L *!A $ 9$) OPQ $)# 9$) ' Q( 9$,',N R=8% ./=LHG)B)./),S,)=) =),N8 %//=L/G),S,)H. =).=)=),N -./ ! 0(1 5 "6!7 8)9)$9+: ; <1() ;! <9 1)3 A =/7>! .&! '(+?: $% &' () * '* +#,- U ""? ? C 7 nn $@%-6M/=nn ) C 7 B ""? ?nn nnn U ""? ?7 " DDD a=6M/=DDD F " B ""? ?DDD U ""? ?"? ?DDDD I@-6M/=DDDD G? B ""? ?DDDD U ""? ? B ""? n Q'M/=-6M/=n _ B ""? B ""? ?n > " ?" * D &6'/=-6M%D , " * " D U ""? ? ? &6(-6M/= , B ""? ? ? U ""? ? ? E=6(-6M/= T B ""? ? ? > " ?" " ! C1 # S@%-6==d 6 !-6#M% T " " ! C1 # " > " ? ?* Id 6M% ?* " > " ?" * DD 6'/=-6M%DD " * " DD !> " ? "? # !V=M@6M%# ! "? " # > " ? + C"? S@%-6@/=6M% T + C" " U* . DDDDD ]@-@=DDDDD O . B* DDDDD > " ?. *? C 1 Q@%-6d6M% c 1 . *? " U* "? o> " ? " V=M@-@=oI-56M% "? B* o> " " > " ?" " ! C1 # 6==d6!-6#M% " " ! C1 # " > " ? . $@-6M% )d . " > " ? + C"? o> " ? " 6@/=6M%o$=-5/-6M% + C" " o) " " U ""? ? ? 6(-6M/= B ""? ? ? U ""? ? 7 ?1 C 1 Q@%-6@%-6M/= c 1 7 ?1 B ""? ? 7 $ )Medulla spinalis8M "#& I&O! (+( _ Q$ ,KK 9T( M '&+[ * # 9 I( ,`KK 9 T M '&+[ # 9# 9 I( ,aO!) " 9 # LbN)LbbNLbbbN) ((*P M '&+ # !!!A 9 *& ' M# # ( <)Medulla spinalis8.S] c.=.H/cBS.,TS[c/HG,4 TS[c/,RSH/LbN)LbbN)LbbbNSS G ! "#$ % *Ad!# ,-.%^F4U3ef, ! "#$ % *AC (,-.%eg54R<f, ! "#$ % *AC !!&,-.%egFFf, ! "#$ % *Ah*'M,-.%ijR0-kf, J!A *+( ( lM( ! # O9! ' ( '(_' =H/HG., b bb bbb ,DG E !Lm &&nN@*!AITQ$ &"A[,<-kjFD64f..TB[, a(!A 9$ *" #d!# T *' &"A[,^F4U3efBHGT[, \* !A #d! oC O !T & " &#I (&"[, DSpk3F3pp4oeg1ijFDTG.H[, 3 & &&/0 **4 & # " # - !" # #&'" # $% () *+ ), - Ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Pathways of the spinal cord Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus Gyrus postcentralis Ïîñòöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Postcentral gyrus Fibrae thalamoparietales Òàëàìîòåìåííûå âîëîêíà Thalamoparietal fibres Fibrae thalamoparietales Òàëàìîòåìåííûå âîëîêíà Thalamoparietal fibres Lemniscus medialis Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïåòëÿ Medial lemniscus Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus N. trigeminus [V] Òðîéíè÷íûé íåðâ [V] Trigeminal nerve [V] Nucleus cuneatus Êëèíîâèäíîå ÿäðî Cuneate nucleus Nuclei nervi trigemini ßäðà òðîéíè÷íîãî íåðâà Nuclei of trigeminal nerve Tractus spinothalamicus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé ñïèíîòàëàìè÷åñêèé ïóòü Lateral spinothalamic tract Tractus spinothalamicus anterior Ïåðåäíèé ñïèíîòàëàìè÷åñêèé ïóòü Anteriot spinothalamic tract Tractus spinoreticularis Ñïèíîðåòèêóëÿðíûé ïóòü Spinoreticular tract Tractus spinotectalis Ñïèíîêðûøå÷íûé ïóòü Spinotectal tract Tractus spinoolivaris Ñïèíîîëèâíûé ïóòü Spino-olivary tract Decussatio lemnisci medialis Ïåðåêðåñò ìåäèàëüíûõ ïåòåëü Decussation of medial lemniscus Nucleus gracilis Òîíêîå ÿäðî Gracile nucleus Fasciculus gracilis Òîíêèé ïó÷îê Gracile fasciculus Fasciculus cuneatus Êëèíîâèäíûé ïó÷îê Cuneate fasciculus (Fasciculus anterolateralis) (Ïåðåäíåëàòåðàëüíûé ïó÷îê) (Anterolateral fasciculus) N. spinalis Ñïèííîìîçãîâîé íåðâ Spinal nerve Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis ×óâñòâèòåëüíûé óçåë ñïèííîìîçãîâîãî íåðâà (Ñïèííîìîçãîâîé óçåë) Spinal ganglion Nucleus proprius Ñîáñòâåííîå ÿäðî Nucleus proprius Ðèñ. 613 Ïóòè ýïèêðèòè÷åñêîé (ñèíèå) è ïðîòîïàòè÷åñêîé (çåëåíûå) ÷óâñòâèòåëüíîñòè Pathways for epicritic (blue) and protopathic (green) sensibility Âîñõîäÿùèå ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè Ascending pathways Ïóòü ýïèêðèòè÷åñêîé ÷óâñòâèòåëüíîñòè [òàêòèëüíûé ïóòü] (òî÷íîå ðàçëè÷åíèå äàâëåíèÿ è êîíòàêòà) Pathway for epicritic sensibility [tactile pathway] (precise differentiation of pressure and touch) 1. Íåéðîí [íåïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò ðåöåïòîðîâ [ýêñòåðîöåïòîðîâ] â êîæå è ñëèçèñòûõ, à òàêæå â íàäêîñòíèöå, êàïñóëàõ ñóñòàâîâ, íåðâíî-ìûøå÷íûõ âåðåòåíàõ è ò.ä., ê òîíêîìó è êëèíîâèäíîìó ÿäðàì ïðîäîëãîâàòîãî ìîçãà: òîíêèé è êëèíîâèäíûé ïó÷êè (òåëà íåéðîíîâ â ñïèííîìîçãîâûõ óçëàõ): íèñõîäÿùèå êîëëàòåðàëè (ñì. ðèñ. 612). 2. Íåéðîí [ïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò ïðîäîëãîâàòîãî ìîçãà (òîíêîå è êëèíîâèäíîå ÿäðà) ê òàëàìóñó (ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïåòëÿ, òåëà íåéðîíîâ â òîíêîì è êëèíîâèäíîì ÿäðàõ). 3. Íåéðîí [íåïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò òàëàìóñà ê êîðå ïîëóøàðèé áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî ê ïîñòöåíòðàëüíîé èçâèëèíå (òàëàìîòåìåííûå âîëîêíà, òåëà íåéðîíîâ â òàëàìóñå). 1. Neuron [uncrossed]. From receptors [exteroceptors] in the skin and the mucosa, as well as the periosteum, the joints and the muscle spindles etc., to the cuneate and gracile nuclei in the medulla oblongata: gracile and cuneate fasciculi (perikarya in the spinal ganglia): descending collaterals (see Fig. 612). 2. Neuron [crossed]. From the medulla oblongata (cuneate and gracile nuclei) to the thalamus (medial lemniscus, perikarya in the cuneate and gracile nuclei). 3. Neuron [uncrossed]. From the thalamus to the cerebral cortex, particularly to the postcentral gyrus (thalamocortical fibres, perikarya in the thalamus). Ïóòü ïðîòîïàòè÷åñêîé ÷óâñòâèòåëüíîñòè [áîëåâîé ïóòü] (áîëü, òåìïåðàòóðà, îáùåå îùóùåíèå äàâëåíèÿ) Pathway for protopathic sensibility [pain pathway] (pain, temperature, general pressure sensation) 1. Íåéðîí [íåïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò ðåöåïòîðîâ [ýêñòåðîöåïòîðîâ] â êîæå, ñëèçèñòûõ è ò.ä., ê çàäíåìó ðîãó, ïëàñòèíêàì IV (òåëà íåéðîíîâ â ñïèííîìîçãîâûõ óçëàõ). 2. Íåéðîí [ïåðåêðåùåííûé, íåêîòîðàÿ ÷àñòü âîëîêîí, âîçìîæíî, îñòàåòñÿ íåïåðåêðåùåííîé]. Îò çàäíåãî ðîãà ê òàëàìóñó, ðåòèêóëÿðíîé ôîðìàöèè è êðûøå ñðåäíåãî ìîçãà (ïåðåäíèé è ëàòåðàëüíûé ñïèíîòàëàìè÷åñêèå ïóòè, ñïèíîðåòèêóëÿðíûé ïóòü; òåëà íåéðîíîâ â çàäíåì ñòîëáå). 3. Íåéðîí [íåïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò òàëàìóñà âìåñòå ñ äðóãèìè âîëîêíàìè ê êîðå ïîëóøàðèé áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî ê ïîñòöåíòðàëüíîé èçâèëèíå (òàëàìîêîðêîâûå âîëîêíà, òåëà íåéðîíîâ â òàëàìóñå). 1. Neuron [uncrossed]. From receptors [exteroceptors] in the skin and the mucosa etc., to the posterior horn, laminae IV (perikarya in the spinal ganglia). 2. Neuron [crossed, some fibres possibly uncrossed]. From the posterior horn to the thalamus, to the reticular formation and to the midbrain tectum (anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts, spinoreticular tract; perikarya in the posterior column). 3. Neuron [uncrossed]. From the thalamus among others to the cerebral cortex, particularly to the postcentral gyrus (thalamocortical fibres, perikarya in the thalamus). ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 5 >08?" /'" (),@; Ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Pathways of the spinal cord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Ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè ñïèííîãî ìîçãà Pathways of the spinal cord Gyrus precentralis Ïðåäöåíòðàëüíàÿ èçâèëèíà Precentral gyrus Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus (Tractus rubrothalamicus) (Êðàñíîÿäåðíî-òàëàìè÷åñêèé ïóòü) (Rubrothalamic tract) Fibrae corticospinales Êîðêîâî-ñïèííîìîçãîâûå âîëîêíà Corticospinal fibres Corpus striatum Ïîëîñàòîå òåëî Corpus striatum Nucleus ruber Êðàñíîå ÿäðî Red nucleus Thalamus Òàëàìóñ Thalamus (Tractus cerebellorubralis) (Ìîçæå÷êîâî-êðàñíîÿäåðíûé ïóòü) (Cerebellorubral tract) Substantia nigra ×åðíîå âåùåñòâî Substantia nigra Cerebellum, Nucleus dentatus Ìîçæå÷îê, çóá÷àòîå ÿäðî Cerebellum, dentate nucleus Nuclei pontis ßäðà ìîñòà Nuclei of pons * Fibrae pontocerebellares Ìîñòîìîçæå÷êîâûå âîëîêíà Pontocerebellar fibres Tractus bulboreticulospinalis etc. Áóëüáîðåòèêóëîñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü è ïð. Bulboreticulospinal tract etc. Radix anterior [motoria] Ïåðåäíèé êîðåøîê [äâèãàòåëüíûé] Anterior root [motor] N. spinalis Ñïèííîìîçãîâîé íåðâ Spinal nerve Cornu anterius Ïåðåäíèé ðîã Anterior horn Tractus rubrospinalis Êðàñíîÿäåðíî-ñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü Rubrospinal tract Tractus reticulospinalis Ðåòèêóëîñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü Reticulospinal tract Tractus vestibulospinalis Ïðåääâåðíî-ñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü Vestibulospinal tract Tractus tectospinalis Êðûøåñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü Tectospinal tract Ðèñ. 615 Ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè äâèãàòåëüíîé ñèñòåìû Pathways of the motor system * Äâèãàòåëüíûå ÿäðà ÷åðåïíûõ íåðâîâ. Motor nuclei of cranial nerves. Íèñõîäÿùèå ïðîâîäÿùèå ïóòè Descending pathways Äâèãàòåëüíàÿ ñèñòåìà âêëþ÷àåò áîëüøîå êîëè÷åñòâî ÿäåðíûõ îáëàñòåé è ïóòåé. Êîíå÷íûì çâåíîì â ýòèõ íåéðîííûõ öåïÿõ ÿâëÿþòñÿ ìîòîíåéðîíû (ïðèíöèï «îáùåãî êîíå÷íîãî ïóòè»). Íåñìîòðÿ íà ÷ðåçâû÷àéíóþ ñëîæíîñòü ýòèõ ñâÿçåé, â äèäàêòè÷åñêèõ öåëÿõ ïðèâåäåíû òðàäèöèîííûå ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ îá èõ îðãàíèçàöèè. The motor system comprises a large number of nuclear regions and tracts. The motor final path are the motorneurons. Despite the extraordinary complexity of these circuits, the traditional organization will be maintained for didactic reasons. (Òàê íàçûâàåìûé) Ïèðàìèäíûé ïóòü (So-called) Pyramidal tract 1. [Öåíòðàëüíûé] íåéðîí [ïåðåêðåùåííûé]. Îò êîðû ïîëóøàðèé áîëüøîãî ìîçãà ÷åðåç âíóòðåííþþ êàïñóëó è íîæêè ìîçãà ê èíòåðíåéðîíàì ïåðåäíèõ è çàäíèõ ñòîëáîâ (ëàòåðàëüíûé êîðêîâî-ñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü, ïåðåäíèé êîðêîâî-ñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü, òåëà íåéðîíîâ â ïðåäöåíòðàëüíîé èçâèëèíå). Îòõîæäåíèå ÷àñòè âîëîêîí ê ÿäðàì ÷åðåïíûõ íåðâîâ (êîðêîâî-ÿäåðíûå è êîðêîâî-ÿäåðíûå áóëüáàðíûå âîëîêíà). 2. [Ïåðèôåðè÷åñêèé] íåéðîí [êîíå÷íûé äâèãàòåëüíûé ïóòü, a-ìîòîíåéðîíû]. Îò ïåðåäíåãî ðîãà ê êîíöåâûì äâèãàòåëüíûì ïëàñòèíêàì â ñêåëåòíîé ìóñêóëàòóðå (ìîòîíåéðîíû; òåëà â ïåðåäíåì ðîãå). 1. [Central] neuron [crossed]. From the cerebral cortex through the internal capsule and the cerebral peduncles to interneurons within the anterior and posterior columns (lateral corticospinal tract, anterior cortocospinal tract, perikarya in the precentral gyrus). Branching off of fibres to the nuclei of the cranial nerves (corticonuclear fibres and bulbar corticonuclear fibres). 2. [Peripheral] neuron [motor end pathway, a-motoneurons]. From the anterior horn to the motor end plates of the skeletal musculature (motoneurons; perikarya in the anterior horn). (Òàê íàçûâàåìàÿ) Ýêñòðàïèðàìèäíàÿ äâèãàòåëüíàÿ ñèñòåìà (So-called) Extrapyramidal motor system 1. Öåíòðàëüíûå íåéðîíû [ïåðåêðåùåííûå è íåïåðåêðåùåííûå]. Îò êîðû ïîëóøàðèé áîëüøîãî ìîçãà, ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî îò ïðåäöåíòðàëüíîé èçâèëèíû è ïðèëåæàùèõ îáëàñòåé, ñ ïîäêëþ÷åíèåì ñâÿçåé ñ òàëàìóñîì, ñóáòàëàìè÷åñêèì ÿäðîì, êðàñíûì ÿäðîì, ÷åðíûì âåùåñòâîì, ìîçæå÷êîì è ò.ä. è îáðàòíûìè ñâÿçÿìè ìåæäó íèìè ê èíòåðíåéðîíàì ïåðåäíèõ ñòîëáîâ (êðàñíîÿäåðíî-ñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü, ìåäèàëüíûé è ëàòåðàëüíûé ïðåääâåðíî-ñïèííîìîçãîâûå ïóòè, ðåòèêóëîñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü, êðûøåñïèííîìîçãîâîé ïóòü). 2. Ïåðèôåðè÷åñêèé íåéðîí [êîíå÷íûé äâèãàòåëüíûé ïóòü, a-ìîòîíåéðîíû]. Îò ïåðåäíåãî ðîãà ê êîíöåâûì äâèãàòåëüíûì ïëàñòèíêàì â ñêåëåòíûõ ìûøöàõ (ìîòîíåéðîíû; òåëà â ïåðåäíåì ðîãå). 1. Central neurons [crossed and uncrossed]. From the cerebral cortex, particularly the precentral gyrus and the adjacent cortical areas including synapses to the basal nuclei, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, red nucleus, substantia nigra, cerebellum, etc. and feedback loops to the interneurons of the anterior columns (rubrospinal tract, medial and lateral vestibulospinal tracts, reticulospinal tract, tectospinal tract). 2. Peripheral neuron [motor end pathway, a-motoneurons]. From the anterior horn to the motor end plates of the skeletal muscles (motoneurons; perikarya in the anterior horn). ./0 !" 1)2 6#7"8 9*:*%:,; < =2)* <" =: 2*4 AC >08?" /'" (),@; & ' ! !" #$% 4Y 4Z 6[ !"" \46: 0733+0453+; /4B645 ,6620;7A,, ;486,/7OI,C ; 028*9<+7+2 .7079,17 62/4+40:C 173+4 .407B72E:C 3.,664E48G4;:C 620;4; S! M ! L ! M !"P)4967? .707.92G,? ; 028*9<+7+2 .407B26,? 4>,667>A7+4G4 G0*>64G4 32GE26+7 )7079,1 , >;,G7+29<645 , 326340645 3,3+2E ] M M =! ! ! !"Q)7079,1 .04;4>?I,C .*+25 .07;4G4 87>62G4 /767+,/7 67 *04;62 4>,667>A7+4G4 G0*>64G4 32GE26+7 )4+20? +46/45 +7/+,9<645 1*;3+;,+29<643+, 4I*I26,5 .494B26,? , ;,J07A,, G0*J:2 4I*I26,? /46+7/+7 62 87+046*+: =! M M ^ M !"R_2E,.92G,? `04*6Da2/707 .0, 0780:;2 .07;45 .494;,6: 3.,664G4 E48G7 67 *04;62 4>,667>A7+4G4 G0*>64G4 32GE26+7 [7 .07;45 3+40462 ,.3,97+2079<64 E:F216:5 .7079,1 3671797 ;?9:5 ; >79<625F2E 3.73+,123/,5( .4+20? +46/45 +7/+,9<645 1*;3+;,+29<D 643+, 7 +7/B2 4I*I26,5 .494B26,? , ;,J07A,, G0*J:2 43?87+29<6:2 4I*I26,? 34C076?O+3?[7 92;45 3+40462 /46+0797+2079<64 ;:.7>26,2 J492;45 , +2E.207+*0645 1*;3+;,+29<643+, b TcdefDghijkcS M M d ! ! ( M d ! ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 !" #$$%& '()*((++()( Âåêè Eyelids (Sulcus palpebralis superior) (Âåðõíÿÿ áîðîçäà âåêà) (Superior palpebral sulcus) Palpebra superior Âåðõíåå âåêî Superior eyelid (Pars supratarsalis) (Íàäõðÿùåâàÿ ÷àñòü) (Supratarsal part) Supercilium Áðîâü Eyebrow (Pars tarsalis) (Õðÿùåâàÿ ÷àñòü) (Tarsal part) (Pars supratarsalis) (Íàäõðÿùåâàÿ ÷àñòü) (Supratarsal part) Angulus oculi lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà Lateral angle of eye (Raphe palpebralis lateralis) (Ëàòåðàëüíûé øîâ âåê) (Lateral palpebral raphe) (Pars tarsalis) (Õðÿùåâàÿ ÷àñòü) (Tarsal part) Tunica conjunctiva bulbi Êîíúþíêòèâà ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Conjunctiva of eyeball Plica semilunaris conjunctivae Ïîëóëóííàÿ ñêëàäêà êîíúþíêòèâû Plica semilunaris of conjunctiva Caruncula lacrimalis Ñëåçíîå ìÿñöî Lacrimal caruncle Angulus oculi medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà Medial angle of eye Papilla lacrimalis (inferior) Ñëåçíûé ñîñî÷åê (íèæíèé) Lacrimal papilla (inferior) Angulus oculi lateralis; Commissura lateralis palpebrarum Ëàòåðàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà; Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñïàéêà âåê Lateral angle of eye; Lateral palpebral commissure Rima palpebrarum Ùåëü âåê [Ãëàçíàÿ ùåëü] Palpebral fissure Ciliae Ðåñíèöû Eyelashes Palpebra inferior Íèæíåå âåêî Inferior eyelid Palpebra superior Âåðõíåå âåêî Superior eyelid (Sulcus palpebronasalis) (Âåêîíîñîâàÿ áîðîçäà) (Palpebronasal sulcus ) Angulus oculi medialis; Commissura medialis palpebrarum Ìåäèàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà; Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ñïàéêà âåê Medial angle of eye; Medial palpebral commissure Ðèñ. 620 Âåêè Palpebrae Eyelids Sulcus sclerae Iris Áîðîçäà ñêëåðû Ðàäóæêà Sulcus sclerae Iris Pupilla Çðà÷îê Pupil Limbus anterior palpebrae Ïåðåäíèé êðàé âåêà Anterior palpebral margin Limbus posterior palpebrae Çàäíèé êðàé âåêà Posterior palpebral margin Ðèñ. 621 Ãëàç, Oculus, è âåêè, Palpebrae Eye, Oculus, and eyelids, Palpebrae Limbus anterior palpebrae Ïåðåäíèé êðàé âåêà Anterior palpebral margin Sulcus sclerae Áîðîçäà ñêëåðû Sulcus sclerae Palpebra inferior Íèæíåå âåêî Inferior eyelid Tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum Êîíúþíêòèâà âåê Palpebral conjunctiva Papilla lacrimalis (superior) Ñëåçíûé ñîñî÷åê (âåðõíèé) Lacrimal papilla (superior) Tunica conjunctiva bulbi Êîíúþíêòèâà ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Conjunctiva of eyeball Limbus posterior palpebrae Çàäíèé êðàé âåêà Posterior palpebral margin Punctum lacrimale; Papilla lacrimalis (superior) Ñëåçíàÿ òî÷êà; Ñëåçíûé ñîñî÷åê (âåðõíèé) Lacrimal punctum; Lacrimal papilla (superior) Caruncula lacrimalis Ñëåçíîå ìÿñöî Lacrimal caruncle Fornix conjunctivae inferior Íèæíèé ñâîä êîíúþíêòèâû Inferior conjunctival fornix Tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum Êîíúþíêòèâà âåê Palpebral conjunctiva Limbus posterior palpebrae Çàäíèé êðàé âåêà Posterior palpebral margin Limbus anterior palpebrae Ïåðåäíèé êðàé âåêà Anterior palpebral margin Plica semilunaris conjunctivae Ïîëóëóííàÿ ñêëàäêà êîíúþíêòèâû Plica semilunaris of conjunctiva Punctum lacrimale Ñëåçíàÿ òî÷êà Lacrimal punctum Papilla lacrimalis (inferior) Ñëåçíûé ñîñî÷åê (íèæíèé) Lacrimal papilla (inferior) Caruncula lacrimalis Ñëåçíîå ìÿñöî Lacrimal caruncle Plica semilunaris conjunctivae Ïîëóëóííàÿ ñêëàäêà êîíúþíêòèâû Plica semilunaris of conjunctiva Ðèñ. 622 Ãëàç, Oculus, è âåêè, Palpebrae Eye, Oculus, and eyelids, Palpebrae Lacus lacrimalis Ñëåçíîå îçåðî Lacus lacrimalis Punctum lacrimale; Papilla lacrimalis (inferior) Ñëåçíàÿ òî÷êà; Ñëåçíûé ñîñî÷åê (íèæíèé) Lacrimal punctum; Lacrimal papilla (inferior) Ðèñ. 623 Ãëàç, Oculus, è âåêè, Palpebrae. Âûâîðîò âåðõíåãî âåêà çàòðóäíÿåòñÿ ñîïðîòèâëåíèåì åãî õðÿùà, ÷òî ìîæåò áûòü ïðåîäîëåíî ñ ïîìîùüþ íåáîëüøîãî êðþ÷êà, âåêîïîäúåìíèêà èëè ñòåêëÿííîé ïàëî÷êè Eye, Oculus, and eyelids, Palpebrae. Eversion of the upper eyelid (extropionization) is hindered by the stiffness of the tarsus, but can be facilitated with the aid of a small hook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a ' D<#E D<3S > + 5a , > + J $3F%4#E V + ' V @%#E `+ V #E + Q? W X' B43 "#EW <&.## Q? W' , ( @ &. ` > + J $3 F%4#E Q? V + ' B4 ( , ? 3 "#E ^ %4. Q? 3 "#$ _C=' ? 5 ? B43 "#F4 VO CW + Q? = ( ' + MS#3##EW; $3F #$ ; $3&. NO CW + , A' [ + Q? W> + B43 "#EW; $3F%4#E Q? W + ' D( !>E!(,! F ; /012 /.9 1E 1 . - ; 5a ' D<3S 5a , + J $33#E V + , > + J $3 F%4#E V + ' V' D<#E > + Q / D# E&.. / > Y=/ + ; $3#%#$ Z=/ [ + ' > + , B4; $3K E 5, + ' 0 6 ES& b T / ( , ^ _C= V,O C : $%$ #E 5,O C VY=/ W> + %#EW; $3F%4#E Z=/ +W + ' > + ' @$8; $3K E A' + ' > , =/ ? :& %$ [%43 "#K E 5 ? =/ ? =' B43 "#F4 Q? = G( !>E!#(, ! H1 . ; /012 /.9 1E< - ; @ ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 !" #$$%& '()*((++()( Âåêè Eyelids QX , ' Wc ' -#& 3[ <)&S*W <<"S V , ' W' += QXC, , P&S*WF"K<%E d, , QX, P&S*; *% QX / , P&S*W)K$%"K<%E ( / , V @%#E `+ QX + W ,,+ :;%)&S*; W %%3#E V + W ,,+ , /X,,+ C P $ E%% QC ,,+ / QX + W + :;%)&S*; W ; $33#E V + W + , QX + , a P&S*WF $)"K %4"";<$& + , a QX + , a P&S*WF $)"K %4"";<$& + , a QX + W + :;%)&S*; W ; $33#E V + W + , QX @%)&S* ` QX + , P&S*WF $)"K %4"";< + , QX + , P&S*WF $)"K %4"";< + , QXY=/ P %)&S* Z=/ QXY=/ 6 ES %)&S* Z=/ QXY=/ 6 ES %)&S* Z=/ QXY=/ P %)&S* Z=/ QX / P&S*WF $)"K; # / AABCADC> A(CC C QX + W / :;%)&S*#W%3#E V + W / , QXC, , P&S*WF"KF; d, , QX / P&S*WF $)"K; # / D*>> I: <3 : QX ,,+ , P&S*WF $)"K%4% ,,+ , QX+ a, W9C B4)&S*W48$ $ 5, + aWC > ? , B4$.% !"#$%& 5, ' ? ( ,C , + e$%# ; $*& G ++ ' bC W + 8 W; $33#E /CW + , /X,,+ C P $ E%% QC ,,+ / 9 , B4$.4K% 5, 5 &.)S 1G,O,,+ 27 /X,,+ 1D# E&.S%%27D# E%% 1 ,,+ ,O27 ,,+ / 9 ' @$8$.4K% A' > ? ' @$8$.% !"#$%& A' ' ? /X,,+ C P $ E%% QC ,,+ / G ,,+ H E%IJ K EL ,+ ' QX+ a ' @$8)&S* A' + a > !# ?.9 1 /4 J ; 12 Ìûøöû ãëàçà Muscles of the eye Ãëàçíîå ÿáëîêî Eyeball Çðèòåëüíûé ïóòü Optic pathway 355 Òîïîãðàôèÿ Topography Âåêè, ñòðîåíèå Eyelids, structure M. orbicularis oculi, Pars palpebralis Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ãëàçà, âåêîâàÿ ÷àñòü Orbicularis oculi, palpebral part Tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum Êîíúþíêòèâà âåê Palpebral conjunctiva Tarsus superior Âåðõíèé õðÿù âåêà Superior tarsus Glandulae tarsales * Æåëåçû õðÿùà âåê * Tarsal glands * Facies posterior palpebrae Çàäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü âåêà Posterior surface of eyelid Facies anterior palpebrae Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü âåêà Anterior surface of eyelid Ciliae Ðåñíèöû Eyelashes Limbus posterior palpebrae Çàäíèé êðàé âåêà Posterior palpebral margin M. orbicularis oculi, Pars palpebralis Êðóãîâàÿ ìûøöà ãëàçà, âåêîâàÿ ÷àñòü Orbicularis oculi, palpebral part Limbus anterior palpebrae Ïåðåäíèé êðàé âåêà Anterior palpebral margin Ðèñ. 629 Âåðõíåå âåêî, Palpebra superior; ìèêðîôîòîãðàôèÿ, îêðàñêà àçàíîâûì ìåòîäîì; ñàãèòòàëüíûé ñðåç, óâåëè÷åíî Upper eyelid, Palpebra superior; photograph of a microscopic specimen, azan stain; sagittal section, magnified * Êëèíè÷åñêèé òåðìèí: ìåéáîìèåâû æåëåçû. Clinical term: MEIBOMian glands. Tarsus superior Âåðõíèé õðÿù âåêà Superior tarsus Glandulae tarsales Æåëåçû õðÿùà âåê Tarsal glands Angulus oculi lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà Lateral angle of eye Angulus oculi medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé óãîë ãëàçà Medial angle of eye Commissura lateralis palpebrarum Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñïàéêà âåê Lateral palpebral commissure Commissura medialis palpebrarum Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ñïàéêà âåê Medial palpebral commissure Rima palpebrarum Ùåëü âåê [Ãëàçíàÿ ùåëü] Palpebral fissure Tarsus inferior Íèæíèé õðÿù âåêà Inferior tarsus Glandulae tarsales Æåëåçû õðÿùà âåê Tarsal glands Ðèñ. 630 Âåêè, Palpebrae; ïðîñâåòëåííûé ïðåïàðàò, äåìîíñòðèðóþùèé âûâîäíûå êàíàëüöû æåëåç õðÿùà âåê; âèä ñçàäè Eyelids, Palpebrae; translucent specimen illustrating the excretory ductules of the tarsal glands; posterior view ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 Ñëåçíûé àïïàðàò Lacrimal apparatus Septum orbitale Ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Orbital septum M. levator palpebrae superioris, Tendo Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíåå âåêî, ñóõîæèëèå Levator palpebrae superioris, tendon Glandula lacrimalis Ñëåçíàÿ æåëåçà Lacrimal gland Tarsus superior Âåðõíèé õðÿù âåêà Superior tarsus Pars orbitalis Ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Orbital part Pars palpebralis Âåêîâàÿ ÷àñòü Palpebral part Ductuli excretorii Âûâîäíûå êàíàëüöû Excretory ducts Lig. palpebrale mediale Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà âåêà Medial palpebral ligament (Raphe palpebralis lateralis); Lig. palpebrale laterale (Ëàòåðàëüíûé øîâ âåê); Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ñâÿçêà âåêà (Lateral palpebral raphe); Lateral palpebral ligament Maxilla, Proc. frontalis Âåðõíÿÿ ÷åëþñòü, ëîáíûé îòðîñòîê Maxilla, frontal process Septum orbitale Ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ïåðåãîðîäêà Orbital septum Tarsus inferior Íèæíèé õðÿù âåêà Inferior tarsus Ðèñ. 631 Âõîä â ãëàçíèöó, Aditus orbitalis, ñ âåêàìè, Palpebrae, è ñëåçíîé æåëåçîé, Glandula lacrimalis Orbital opening, Aditus orbitalis, with eyelids, Palpebrae, and lacrimal gland, Glandula lacrimalis Os frontale Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü Frontal bone A. lacrimalis Ñëåçíàÿ àðòåðèÿ Lacrimal artery Glandula lacrimalis, Pars orbitalis Ñëåçíàÿ æåëåçà, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Lacrimal gland, orbital part R. communicans cum nervo zygomatico Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñî ñêóëîâûì íåðâîì Communicating branch with zygomatic nerve Sutura sphenozygomatica Êëèíîâèäíî-ñêóëîâîé øîâ Sphenozygomatic suture Palpebra superior Âåðõíåå âåêî Superior eyelid M. rectus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Lateral rectus Palpebra inferior Íèæíåå âåêî Inferior eyelid R. communicans cum nervo zygomatico Ñîåäèíèòåëüíàÿ âåòâü ñî ñêóëîâûì íåðâîì Communicating branch with zygomatic nerve Foramen zygomaticoorbitale Ñêóëîãëàçíè÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Zygomatico-orbital foramen N. lacrimalis (V1) Ñëåçíûé íåðâ (V1) Lacrimal nerve (V1) N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Os sphenoidale, Ala major Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, áîëüøîå êðûëî Sphenoid, greater wing Fissura orbitalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Inferior orbital fissure N. infraorbitalis (V2) Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé íåðâ (V2) Infra-orbital nerve (V2) N. zygomaticus (V2) Ñêóëîâîé íåðâ (V2) Zygomatic nerve (V2) Ðèñ. 632 Èííåðâàöèÿ ñëåçíîé æåëåçû, Glandula lacrimalis; âèä ñ ìåäèàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Innervation of the lacrimal gland, Glandula lacrimalis; medial view !" #$$%& '()*((++()( "-67-8( 9%&1" #$:&1 ;++(<( 5 =-$-%>6 ?+@)(+ Ñëåçíûé àïïàðàò Lacrimal apparatus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a=; G 6 ;6 3 @ T;Y U+#"'(12H+2$'%+ E @ = M= 6 C1$%+2"%"" , 6 Q 6 ; VJJJW?G .+/#F1$+2D$%#VJJJW*""#$1#2 36 ; VJJJWG 6@ QG >RZA [F+/0D$%#>RZA JG P >RZA 6 ; $+2"%"" 6 L @; `$$101$"0$D' 8 @; 6 Q 6VJJWR=7 X%1$+2D$%#VJJW%)*"H+0' 3 6 VJJW @ @ 6 G I*""%"" JG 6 - I'(1F+/ - 9 + --:- ,6 . 5+ <=>(8)8'( ' .! 2 # !" #$$%& '()*((++()( "-67-8( 9%&1" #$:&1 ;++(<( B =-$-%>6 ?+@)(+ !" # $%&' ( 6 4$%&""%"" E 6 ] 4$%&""'("()&*+$ E ] - X%0' - 6 ; $+2"%"" 6 6 C1$%+2"%"" , 6 66 Y6 U\ '1#F+/F"H+' L Y6 G9 L `F# L ]G I*""'(" JG ] 6 G I*""%"" JG 6 9 + --:- ,6 <=>(8)8'( ' 6 4$%&""%"" E 6 ] 4$%&""'("()&*+$ E ] Q 6VJJW X%1$+2D$%#VJJW 3 6 VJJW 6 C1$%+2"%"" , 6 6 ; $+2"%"" 6 b 6 .+/$"H+' 89 ]G I*""'(" JG ] 6 G I*""%"" JG 6 9 + --:- ,6 . <=>(8)8'( ' .' 2 # ] 4$%&""'("()&*+$ E ] 6 4$%&""%"" E 6 6 C1$%+2"%"" , 6 6 ; $+2"%"" 6 ]G I*""'(" JG ] 6 G I*""%"" JG 6 Q 6VJJW X%1$+2D$%#VJJW 3 6 VJJW 9 + --:- ,6 . + <=>(8)8'( ' .' >'8 2 # ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 Íàðóæíûå ìûøöû ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Extra-ocular muscles M. levator palpebrae superioris Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíåå âåêî Levator palpebrae superioris M. rectus superior Âåðõíÿÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Superior rectus M. rectus lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Lateral rectus Periorbita Íàäêîñòíèöà ãëàçíèöû Periorbita Anulus tendineus communis Îáùåå ñóõîæèëüíîå êîëüöî Common tendinous ring N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Os sphenoidale, Ala major Êëèíîâèäíàÿ êîñòü, áîëüøîå êðûëî Sphenoid, greater wing M. rectus inferior Íèæíÿÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà Inferior rectus M. obliquus inferior Íèæíÿÿ êîñàÿ ìûøöà Inferior oblique Fossa infratemporalis Ïîäâèñî÷íàÿ ÿìêà Infratemporal fossa Fissura orbitalis inferior Íèæíÿÿ ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ùåëü Inferior orbital fissure Sinus maxillaris Âåðõíå÷åëþñòíàÿ ïàçóõà Maxillary sinus Ðèñ. 641 Íàðóæíûå ìûøöû ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà, Mm. externi bulbi; âèä ñ ëàòåðàëüíîé ñòîðîíû Extra-ocular muscles, Mm. externi bulbi; lateral view M. rectus superior, Tendo Âåðõíÿÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Superior rectus, tendon Margo supraorbitalis Íàäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Supra-orbital margin Os frontale, Proc. zygomaticus Ëîáíàÿ êîñòü, ñêóëîâîé îòðîñòîê Frontal bone, zygomatic process M. levator palpebrae superioris Ìûøöà, ïîäíèìàþùàÿ âåðõíåå âåêî Levator palpebrae superioris M. obliquus superior, Tendo Âåðõíÿÿ êîñàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Superior oblique, tendon Glandula lacrimalis, Pars orbitalis Ñëåçíàÿ æåëåçà, ãëàçíè÷íàÿ ÷àñòü Lacrimal gland, orbital part M. rectus medialis, Tendo Ìåäèàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Medial rectus, tendon M. rectus lateralis, Tendo Ëàòåðàëüíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Lateral rectus, tendon Tunica conjunctiva bulbi Êîíúþíêòèâà ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Conjunctiva of eyeball Margo lateralis Ëàòåðàëüíûé êðàé Lateral margin Margo medialis Ìåäèàëüíûé êðàé Medial margin M. obliquus inferior, Tendo Íèæíÿÿ êîñàÿ ìûøöà, ñóõîæèëèå Inferior oblique, tendon M. obliquus inferior Íèæíÿÿ êîñàÿ ìûøöà Inferior oblique Os zygomaticum Ñêóëîâàÿ êîñòü Zygomatic bone Margo infraorbitalis Ïîäãëàçíè÷íûé êðàé Infra-orbital margin Foramen infraorbitale Ïîäãëàçíè÷íîå îòâåðñòèå Infra-orbital foramen Ðèñ. 642 Íàðóæíûå ìûøöû ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà, Mm. externi bulbi; âèä êîñî ñïåðåäè Extra-ocular muscles, Mm. externi bulbi; oblique view from anterior !" #$$%& '()*((++()( "-67-8( 9%&1" #$:&1 ;++(<( 5 =-$-%>6 ?+@)(+ Íàðóæíûå ìûøöû ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Extra-ocular muscles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a L0 (bE ( c 0d *!""7 bA!"!>.+c7.879.$d : ( LbM( c ;< d %1(1 (( e A!"!7"B.+6$e M( 1 (=1(e %1(1 ( ee @ R7"B.+6$ee Z,-$ E 1 (=1(ee @ %1 0 ( M(= ) 0 ( G9"7 Z,-C"7 B>,7. : ( 0 3(0 ( @ ) 0 ((= /(( 0 eee '(00 (3(0 *!8>+,++$.!"eee 45$6 /0 ( (eee : (3(0 H 1 ) ( !".2! .$ 0 ) (; Z!+B H 0 0 : <10 f"$,."! .$ H0( : 0 ; A!"! !"#+62 M( ;0 E 0 ( S(0 D Z!+BB+62+!6B6$ Jh$6!"8"B$ R,9B6>$"> : < ; ( / S(0 D E ( ( A!"!>.+#",+6.$ M( ;( E ( R>.+#",+6.$ E 0 ( E ;( R"6!.2B+62+!6B6$ D 0 ; ( Y S1( A!"!>\6!.> M( S1 K (0 Z!+B> +$ : <F ( : 0 Z!+B!6!. : < )< H0 R !"#+62 E ;0 %( [",+6.$ %( :1 1P:1 Qb: 1 J6!$. $!"bJ6!$. !6!. E 10S1 Pa 0S1 Qba )< Y& ^$ 6" Y& / 1 =1( 1 A7!6 V (E 0 ( B+62 J!6B6$8"6!.2 B+62+!6B6$ E=1( )< V ( 0 ; ( / 1( 1 ?!" B+62 O < ML ( ( *,6"!+27.879.$ @( (L ;< Y& ^$ 6" Y& ML 0 R"6!.2+2 D 0L `0( 0 g+$8"6!.27!" D 0)0 :S ) J9+6 !++,+69.B$ :S ) / 1 0S )1 N$.++,+6!"+6"+6 E 0S ) 0 /0 J$.!" /0 YL0 )0 _7.,9.!!+$ ` ( ; 0)0 %1(0 0 Z!!6B6.+6$+$.!" %1(0 ;0 a=(L (( 0 ?",-9.B$8"6!.27!" D S S ; 0( E R>.+ E / 1( =( 0S( ) !-9.B!B!,6!"+6"+6 / 0S( ) 0 5 3 0D 2 012 3 0 1 ;() %% '#>(& *# >"*B"/ % '(#*"/ >( %(,(% ". >( (* ". >( "4*# /(,( E EE FD 2 0 G DH I%*/*# % (&G JKL?MNO' &(&) /(H FD 2 0 G 0 DH I%*/*# % (&G PQI?RO' &(&) /(H EEE FD 2 0 G H I%*/*# % (&G # / % ". QIST??H !"#$%&'' B0%C""D"6$-C"" E"&-ED0/ ->&1E--D0/0&-D"-.F 1 W0 1 9Y 5 2 9Y 30 80 30 0D02 9Y 0D0 8 8 `0D a00 b `0D `0D 30 a00 b 80 D 0 H 0( U!.6!6!6".2$ 0; 0( BGH )(@ H( () 4@ (4(* (4 +(*@ )() F UV UUX ZX [\ [\ ]X\ Z[ ][Z ^_ Xc 0 V[ 0 ]c 0 \]d\c (/ % )$%) *' A/(/ % )$%) *' R>*#e/('' ". >( #"/( P(4> ". >( /(*" #> &)( R>*#e/('' ". >( %(/' P*' /#( )(-((/ %(/' /< (*/ R>*#e/('' ". >( (*/ @ <*$' ". #$, $( ". >( '#%( @ <*$' ". #$, $( ". >( #"/( f"-( ". >( (/*( (;( a<*' /#( ,*'*"/b f"-( ". >( #"/( f"-( ". >( %(/' a<*' /#( ,*'*"/b A/(4$4*%% ; <*' /#( UV && UUX && ZX && [\ && [\ && ]X\ && Z[ && ][Z && ^_ && Xc <4 V[ <4 ]c <4 \]d\c && "-67-8( 9%&1" #$:&1 ;++(<( =-$-%>6 ?+@)(+ )* $ $$+ ,- .! ! / 0! !'!( /(( 0 e *!8>+,++$.!"e /0 ( (e a0 (3(0 ( A!"!$5$6 .2 ! M( 0 (3(0 ( M0 (3(0 ( A!"!$5$6 .2"6!" M( 0 (3(0 < : 0 )1( .>"6!".2>$",7",-$ ( 0 0 ; M0 ( A!"!"!+B"6!" M( 0 < < : 0 )13 i.2>"6!".2>$",7",-$ 3 0 0 ; D R,9B6>$"> D a0 ( A!"!"!+B ! M( 0 <( M0 (= g.8"!+B"6!" % (= 0 < < a(=( ( 4" !+!++,+!6B6$ V ( ) a0( ( f!6".2 !+!6B6$ :( (( M0( ( f!6".2"6!"+!6B6$ :( ( < M0 4"6$!8!"!+B!"6!" /S 0 < %1(0S ) 0 J+,+6C$..".+6$ : <1( :S ) J9+6 !++,+69.B$ :S ) V ( J!6B6$ V ( a 0 *"6$8 ! a 0 ( /0 J$.!" /0 a 0 ^+$.!".2 ! Y 0 ( M 0 ^+$.!".2"6!" Y 0 < M0 (= g.8"!+B"6!" % (= 0 < < 45 *Tunicae bulbi 6 5 *Tunica fibrosa bulbi d 8 6 D: d h 6 1 0 0! 00 00! 00: 789: 5 *Tunica vasculosa bulbi d 8 01 0 0 g D d 8 D 0 D2 2 D 00 D 00 Q d h0 0 D ;8:5 07:5 : 2* Tunica interna bulbi0Retina2 d h D01 0D0 60 D D0 : 8 D01 0D0 62 0 0: D D01 0D0 62 0: d i0 1 D01 0D0 6 2: ]H 2G 0 1 0 6D 0 g 01 D 0 g 0: UH 2G 0 0 0D0 [H 2G 10 0 0D0 D1 j0 0 12 j0 0 1 00 %1(0 ee J+,+6.+6$ee a0 1(ee 3F J%""< ,(''(%' ". >( (;() %% E EE FD 2 0 G H I%*/*# % (&G # / % ". QIST??H FD 2 0 G 12 00H I%*/*# % (&G $,( H (&$) !"#$%&''*Tunicae bulbi +%) ,'&$) !"#$%&''*Tunica fibrosa bulbi d I"/( 64"/"$/#(< #$, $( /'%$#(/: d Q#%( 6%(''( #$, $( "4 +$( )%$*'>!->*( */ */. /#; ;(%%"-*'>!->*( */ '(/('#(/#(: -&.,'&)'&$) !"#$%&''*Tunica vasculosa bulbi d A*' -*> >( #(/ % #*#$% "4(/*/= >( 4$4*% d I*%* ; )"<; -*> >( #*%* ; &$'#%( >( #*%* ; 4"#(''(' >( #*%* ; B"/$%( -*> >( B"/$% .*)(' /< >( B"/$% '4 #(' d I>""*< /)'&$) !"#$%&''01"&2* Tunica interna bulbi0Retina2 d N"/,*'$ % (*/ 6."& >( 4 4*%% ;!**<* % & =*/ " >( " '( : A*<* % 4 ". >( (*/ 6'*/=%(!% ;((< >( ,*%; 4*=&(/(<: #*%* ; 4 ". >( (*/ 6'*/=%(!% ;((< $/4*=&(/(<: d K4*# 4 ". >( (*/ 6' *.*(<: ]HN($"/G ,*'$ % #(%%' 6"< #(%%' g )*=>/('' #"/( #(%%' g #"%"$: UHN($"/G )*4"% #(%%' -*>*/ >( (*/ [HN($"/G &$%*!4"% #(%%' -*>*/ >( = /=%*"/*( % ;( ". >( (*/ ->"'( %"/= "/' ."& >( "4*# /(,( /< #"/*/$( */ >( "4*# # ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 Ðåñíè÷íîå òåëî è ðàäóæêà Ciliary body and iris M. sphincter pupillae Ñôèíêòåð çðà÷êà Sphincter pupillae Cornea Ðîãîâèöà Cornea Camera anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ êàìåðà Anterior chamber Facies posterior, Epithelium posterius Çàäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü, çàäíèé ýïèòåëèé Posterior surface, endothelium of anterior chamber Stroma iridis Ñòðîìà ðàäóæêè Stroma of iris Facies anterior, Epithelium anterius Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü, ïåðåäíèé ýïèòåëèé Anterior surface, corneal epithelium Substantia propria Ñîáñòâåííîå âåùåñòâî Substantia propria Lens Õðóñòàëèê Lens M. dilatator pupillae Äèëàòàòîð çðà÷êà Dilatator pupillae Sinus venosus sclerae * Âåíîçíûé ñèíóñ ñêëåðû * Scleral venous sinus * Pars iridica retinae Ðàäóæêîâàÿ ÷àñòü ñåò÷àòêè Irideal part of retina Angulus iridocornealis Ðàäóæíî-ðîãîâè÷íûé óãîë Iridocorneal angle Facies posterior Çàäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Posterior surface Facies anterior Ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Anterior surface Reticulum trabeculare Òðàáåêóëÿðíàÿ ñåòî÷êà Trabecular tissue Camera posterior Çàäíÿÿ êàìåðà Posterior chamber Sclera Ñêëåðà Sclera Ora serrata Çóá÷àòûé êðàé Ora serrata Margo pupillaris Çðà÷êîâûé êðàé Pupillary margin Procc. ciliares M. ciliaris Ðåñíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Ðåñíè÷íûå îòðîñòêè Ciliary processes Ciliary muscle Fibrae zonulares Âîëîêíà ïîÿñêà Zonular fibres Spatia zonularia Ïðîñòðàíñòâà ïîÿñêà Zonular spaces Zonula ciliaris ** Ðåñíè÷íûé ïîÿñîê ** Ciliary zonule ** Corpus ciliare Ðåñíè÷íîå òåëî Ciliary body Ðèñ. 648 Ãëàçíîå ÿáëîêî, Bulbus oculi, ñõåìàòè÷åñêèé ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå çðà÷êà Eyeball, Bulbus oculi, schematic horizontal section at the level of the pupil * ** Êëèíè÷åñêèé òåðìèí: øëåììîâ êàíàë. Clinical term: canal of SCHLEMM. Êëèíè÷åñêèé òåðìèí: öèííîâ ïîÿñîê, öèííîâà ñâÿçêà. Clinical term: zonule of ZINN. Lens, Facies anterior Õðóñòàëèê, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Lens, anterior surface Nn. ciliares (V1) Ðåñíè÷íûå íåðâû (V1) Ciliary nerves (V1) Lens, Polus anterior Õðóñòàëèê, ïåðåäíèé ïîëþñ Lens, anterior pole Iris, Margo pupillaris Ðàäóæêà, çðà÷êîâûé êðàé Iris, pupillary margin Reticulum trabeculare Òðàáåêóëÿðíàÿ ñåòî÷êà Trabecular tissue M. ciliaris Ðåñíè÷íàÿ ìûøöà Ciliary muscle Iris, Facies anterior Ðàäóæêà, ïåðåäíÿÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü Iris, anterior surface Nn. ciliares (V1) Ðåñíè÷íûå íåðâû (V1) Ciliary nerves (V1) Anulus iridis major Áîëüøîå êîëüöî ðàäóæêè Outer border of iris Plicae iridis Ñêëàäêè ðàäóæêè Folds of iris Anulus iridis minor Ìàëîå êîëüöî ðàäóæêè Inner border of iris Choroidea Ñîáñòâåííî ñîñóäèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà Choroid Ðèñ. 649 Ðàäóæêà, Iris, è çðà÷îê, Pupilla, ïîñëå óäàëåíèÿ ñêëåðû è ðîãîâèöû; âèä ñïåðåäè Iris, Iris, and pupil, Pupilla, after removal of the sclera and cornea; anterior view Iris Ðàäóæêà Iris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b$= D= Q & a!6!9.5$.9./! ; & < % & a!6!9..!$.9./! ; & ? M NA D : 9 ? :? O". ( ,.*B.! M NA '-#%# $'!"'-&" -&"%.( ', %# "*%( (I&'* *%(&'( +&C / // 0 1 @ : 3 4 &*&" %($1 'C !-'%3 0 1 : : 3 4 &*&" %($1 --& '( &*B !-'%3 % >!9..!$.9./! ' Q >5$.. ' < Q >!9.5$.9./! ' < Q >.5$.9./! ' < % >.!$.. ' % >..!$.9./! ' X < W!/?!$ 8. C 3 < < `.$ .0/. 09/. < & < PQ 3 S PT!.$ .5$.9./!S PD3 < S P% 3 S PT!.$ ..!$.9./!S PD3 S % & a!6.!$.. ; & % & a!6..!$.9./! ; & Q & a!65$.. ; & < % & a!6!9..!$.9./! ; & Q & a!6.5$.9./! ; & < Q & a!6!9.5$.9./! ; & < 0 ? A :@ ? ? :? P ''B +!! ! ', %# (%&* A !"#$ ', %# "'.(! ', %# +!! ! *%(&'( +&C ,-.%/"-0&1& 2)( !& 23 4 !" #$$%& '()*((++()( Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ Optic nerve N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Pars prelaminaris Ïðåëàìèíàðíàÿ ÷àñòü Pars intralaminaris Prelaminar part Èíòðàëàìèíàðíàÿ ÷àñòü Pars postlaminaris Intralaminar part Ïîñòëàìèíàðíàÿ ÷àñòü Postlaminar part Excavatio disci Óãëóáëåíèå äèñêà Depression of optic disc Lamina cribrosa sclerae Ðåøåò÷àòàÿ ïëàñòèíêà ñêëåðû Lamina cribrosa of sclera Lamina fusca sclerae Òåìíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà ñêëåðû Suprachoroid lamina Choroidea Ñîáñòâåííî ñîñóäèñòàÿ îáîëî÷êà Choroid Stratum nervosum Íåðâíàÿ ÷àñòü Pars optica retinae Neural layer Çðèòåëüíàÿ ÷àñòü ñåò÷àòêè Stratum pigmentosum Optic part of retina Ïèãìåíòíàÿ ÷àñòü Pigmented layer Substantia propria sclerae Ñîáñòâåííîå âåùåñòâî ñêëåðû Substantia propria of sclera Vagina externa nervi optici Íàðóæíàÿ îáîëî÷êà çðèòåëüíîãî íåðâà Outer sheath of optic nerve Lamina episcleralis Ýïèñêëåðàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêà Episcleral layer Vagina interna nervi optici Âíóòðåííÿÿ îáîëî÷êà çðèòåëüíîãî íåðâà Inner sheath of optic nerve A.; V. centralis retinae Öåíòðàëüíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà ñåò÷àòêè Central retinal artery and vein Spatium intervaginale subarachnoidale Ìåæîáîëî÷å÷íîå ïîäïàóòèííîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Subarachnoid space N. opticus [II] Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ [II] Optic nerve [II] Ðèñ. 659 Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ, N. opticus [II]; ãîðèçîíòàëüíûé ñðåç íà óðîâíå åãî âûõîäà èç ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Optic nerve, N. opticus [II]; horizontal section at its exit from the eyeball Spatium intervaginale subarachnoidale Ìåæîáîëî÷å÷íîå ïîäïàóòèííîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî Subarachnoid space Vagina interna nervi optici Âíóòðåííÿÿ îáîëî÷êà çðèòåëüíîãî íåðâà Inner sheath of optic nerve Vagina externa nervi optici Íàðóæíàÿ îáîëî÷êà çðèòåëüíîãî íåðâà Outer sheath of optic nerve A.; V. centralis retinae Öåíòðàëüíûå àðòåðèÿ è âåíà ñåò÷àòêè Central retinal artery and vein Ðèñ. 660 Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ, N. opticus [II]; ïîïåðå÷íûé ñðåç âáëèçè ãëàçíîãî ÿáëîêà Optic nerve, N. opticus [II]; crosssection near the eyeball "-89-:( ;%&1" #$<&1 =++(>( 5 ?-$-%@8 A+B)(+ Çðèòåëüíûé íåðâ Optic nerve 8 F I>&&*?**'/$J*=*$ 1 1, 6 ! 2 "" X?H(>Y*K*/*T* :""2 F B E$@/*(T$=$JT B 8 F ; E$>K$&*?**'/$ J*=*$

Sobotta том 1 рус англ.лат

Products

Support

Sobotta том 1 рус англ.лат

Add this document to collection(s)

Add this document to saved

Suggest us how to improve StudyLib