Energy
Energy is the Capacity to do work.
 Energy, Economy & Environment are the
three inter-related areas having direct
correlation for development of any nation.
Per capita energy consumption is an index
for development of any Nation.
 Per capita energy consumption in our
country is about 800 units which is very low
compared to per capita consumption of
developed nations which is above 8000
units.
Why do we need energy?
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Transportation
Heating homes
Cooking
Power machinery used for agriculture,
industry/business, homes
Types of Energy Resources
• Non Renewable Energy Resources
• Renewable Energy Resources
HMMMM....
What do you think
nonrenewable
resources are?
NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES
A nonrenewable resource is a natural
resource that cannot be re-made or
re-grown at a scale comparable to its
consumption.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Nuclear fission uses
uranium to create
energy.
Nuclear energy is a
nonrenewable
resource because once
the uranium is used, it
is gone!
COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS
Coal, petroleum, and
natural gas are
considered
nonrenewable because
they can not be
replenished in a short
period of time. These
are called fossil fuels.
HOW IS COAL MADE ???
HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???
How is energy lost?
• About ½ of all primary energy is lost when converted to
more useful forms
• Coal
– 66% is lost to thermal conversion when energy in coal
is converted to electricity.
– 10% is lost when transmitted to you at home.
• Oil
– 75% lost during distillation, transportation, storage,
combustion in vehicles
• Natural Gas
– 10% lost in shipping & processing
– Most efficient and least polluting (has more H than C
so produces less CO2 when burned so contributes less
to global warming.)
Disadvantages & Limitations Of Non Renewable
Energy
* Resources are limited and may not be able to meet
the increase future demand.
* Emission of “Green house” gasses from thermal
power stations.
* De-forestation will have adverse effect on climatic
conditions.
HMMMM....
If nonrenewable
resources are resources
that cannot be re-made
at a scale comparable
to its consumption,
what are renewable
resources?
RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Renewable resources are
natural resources that can
be replenished in a short
period of time.
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Resources and Technologies of Renewable
Energy
Solar
Wind
Biomass
Small Hydro
Waste to Energy: Municipal Solid / Liquid Waste,
Industrial Waste
Bio Diesel
OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy)
Wave Energy
Geo-thermal energy
Fuel Cell Technologies
Advantages of Renewable Energy
Technologies
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Resources are everlasting
No environmental concern problems
Modular in nature
No T & D losses
Some conversion factors
• One calories is the amount of energy
needed to heat 1g of water 1°C.
• A kilocalorie is 1,000 calories
• 1 BTU = energy to heat 1 lb of water 1°F
• 1 watt (W) = 3.412 Btu/hour
• 1 horsepower (hp) = 746 W
• Watt-hour- used to describe electrical
energy. Usually use kilowatt-hour (kWh)/
it is larger.
Solar Energy
Sun radiates 180 billion MW of energy over
the earth per day.
The three exclusive technologies for utilising
solar energy are:Solar photovoltaic technology
Solar Thermal technology
Solar Passive architecture