REVIEW OF THE PAST
LESSON
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using this class code:
E_____i__
What comes
to your mind
when you
hear the
word
EVOLUTION?
MODULE 6 :
EVOLUTION
THROUGH
NATURAL
SELECTION
HOW THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION ITSELF
EVOLVED?
Hinduism (Brahma as
creator)
Source:https://www.speakingt
ree.in/blog/creation-bybrahma
Greeks (Tales about
Gaea and titans vs.
Olympians
Source:https://historylink101.c
om/2/greece2/titans.htm
Christianity, Judaism and islam
Source:https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/cr
eation-by-brahma
Japan’s Izanagi and
Izanami
Source:https://historylink101.c
om/2/greece2/titans.htm
Greeks
• Anaximander and Empedocles
Pierre-Louis Moreau • Theory of Origins
de Maupertuis
Georges- Louis
Leclerc
Erasmus Darwin
Carolus Linnaeus
• Spontaneous generation from
organic molecule
th
18
• Published zoonomia book
century
• Variation among species and
used this to create his taxonomy
The Theory of Inheritance of
Acquired Characteristics of
Lamarckism
• Elephant trunks
• Human Body Parts
• Giraffe necks
Jean-Baptiste de monet,
chevalier de Lamarck
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JeanBaptiste_Lamarck
Source: https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/lamarckism-theory-of-inheritance-ofacquired-character-with-evidence-and-criticism/
THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION
BY NATURAL SELECTION
 Relies on the idea of interrelatedness of
species.
 There should be genetic variation.
Charles Darwin
Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/interestingfacts-about-charles-darwin-1224479
 On the origin of
species
 “survival of the fittest”
DARWIN SAW PATTERNS,
AND PROVIDED THESE
EXAMPLES TO SUPPORT HIS
THEORY:
Fossil bones from large
extinct animals in
Argentina
Galapagos Islands
observations on finches
Giant sloths
Source:https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-wasmegatherium.html
REVIEW OF THE PAST
LESSON
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Gregor Mendel
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Mendel
 Dominant- trait that is observed or shown.
 Recessive- gene that can be masked by a
dominant gene.
MENDEL’S EXPERIMENT
WITH PEA
He observed
seven traits in his
monastery’s
garden peas.
“Father of
Genetics”
GERM PLASM THEORY/NEODARWINISM
 Germplasm- reproductive tissue or cells that
produce gametes
 Somatoplasm- other cells in the body and are
not related to sexual reproduction.
August Weismann
Source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Schematic-representation-of-the-germplasm-theory-of-August-Weismann-1882-The_fig3_350709117
Source:
https://www.google.com/search?q=august+weisma
nn&tbm=isch
THEORY OF EVOLUTION BY
MUTATION/MUTATIONISM
 Mutationism- opposed natural
selection
 First coined the term mutation
Hugo De Vries
Source:
https://media.sciencephoto.com/image/c0211461/8
00wm
COMBINING GENETICS AND DARWIN : THE SYNTHETIC
THEORY OF EVOLUTION
Theodosius Dobzhansky
published his book
Genetics and the origin
of species.
Unification later known as
the synthetic theory of
evolution
Source: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/91-WmybiArL.jpg
DIFFERENT TYPES OF EVOLUTION
 DivergentDeveloping dissimilar
traits
 Parallel- common
ancestor, live in
different place,
similar traits.
 Convergent-different
organism , similar
traits.
Divergent evolution
Parallel evolution
convergent evolution
SUMMARY
 Evolution is the main theory on biological diversity.
 There are many variations in nature as observed by human throughout
time has resulted in several theories of evolution.
 Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics
 Theory of Natural Selection
 Mendel’s work on genetics filling in the gaps in Darwin’s theory
 Neo-Darwinism
 Mutationism
 Divergent- Developing dissimilar traits
 Parallel- common ancestor, live in different place, similar traits.
 Convergent-different organism , similar traits.