TERMS USED IN
RESEARCH
Learning Objective
 Get familiar with technical terms used in
research
PRETEST
Match Column A to Column B. Identify the term described in the given items.
Column A
___ 1. A systematic and scientific process
to answer questions about facts and
relationships between facts.
___ 2. Basic principle that is assumed to be
true and from which a conclusion can be
drawn.
___ 3. The statement that expresses
relationship between concepts.
___ 4. Properties or characteristics of
people, things, or situations that change or
vary.
___ 5. A clear summary that shows the
important contents of the study. It is
usually found at the beginning of the
article.
Column B
A. Abstract
B. Proposition
C. Variables
D. Assumption
E. Research
Let’s Check!
1. E
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
WHY
Have you ever
wondered why such
things happening or
how things exist?
HOW
What is Research?
 Research is defined as a
systematic and scientific process
to answer questions about facts
and relationships between facts.
What is Research?
 It can also be defined as an activity
involved in seeking answer to
unanswered questions. It seeks to
generate an answer to the problems as
well as suggesting additional questions
in need of further inquiry.
 It is a clear summary that shows the
important contents of the study. It is
usually found in the beginning of the
article.
The abstract contains:
 Objective
 Content
 Reference used
 Respondents
 Facts, statistics, figures, or
evidences collected during
the study.
 Properties or characteristics of
people, things, or situations
that change or vary.
The two kinds of variable are:
Independent Variable – The variable that is
changed and controlled in an experiment to test the
effects on the dependent variables.
Dependent Variable – The variable that is being
tested.
“The Effectiveness
Of Vaccine ABC to
Pathogen XYZ”
 The statement that expresses
relationship between concepts.
 An interrelated concept put
together by relevance.
 Basic principle that is assumed to be
true even without proof.
 The set of individuals or object with
common characteristics selected for
a research study.
 The process of selecting sample from
a target population to represent the
entire population.
 Method of sorting, organizing, and
interpreting data to answer research
question and to draw inferences.
 This is a set of assumptions and
perceptual orientations shared by
members of the research community.
This also includes the research
method employed in the research.
 It is a list of all the sources used in
the process of researching.
 It refers to a mental idea of a
phenomenon. These are words or
terms that symbolize some aspects
of reality.
 It refers to the devices/instruments
used to collect data such as
questionnaire or computer-assisted
interviewing system.
 These are restrictions in a study
that may decrease the credibility
and generalizability of the research
findings.
 It is a critical summary or research on a
topic of interest, generally prepared to put
a research problem in context or to
identify gaps and weaknesses in prior
studies so as to justify a new
investigation.
 It is the unethical practice of using
words or ideas of another
author/researcher without proper
acknowledgement.
 It is the process of collecting and
analyzing numerical data.
 It is a set of questions used to
gather information in a survey.
 It is a subject or issue that a
researcher is interested in when
conducting a research.
 Respondents are those persons who
have been invited to participate in a
particular study and have actually
taken part in the study.
 It is a part of subset of population
selected to participate in the
research study.
LATIN TERMS USED IN RESEARCH
 etc. (et cetera) – means “and so on”
 e.g. (exempli gratia) – it means “for example” , literally , it means
“free as an example”
 et al. (et alii) – it means “and others”
VALUING
“Research is to see what
everybody else has seen, and
to think what nobody else
has thought.”
- Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
ASSESMENT
1. It is the unethical practice of using words
or ideas of another author/researcher
without proper acknowledgement.
a. Literature Review
b. Plagiarism
c. Abstract
d. Data
2. It is a critical summary or research on a topic of
interest, generally prepared to put a research
problem in context or to identify gaps and
weaknesses in prior studies so as to justify a new
investigation.
a. Analysis
b. Limitations
c. Literature Review
d. Abstract
3. It is a clear summary that shows the important
contents of the study. It is usually found in the
beginning of the article.
a. Research Topic
b. Proposition
c. Conceptual Framework
d. Abstract
4. These are facts, statistics, figures, or
evidences collected during the study.
a. Data
b. Sample
c. Analysis
d. Paradigm
5. These are properties or
characteristics of people, things, or
situations that change or vary.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Target Population
Assumption
Variables
Sample
6. It is a subject or issue that a researcher is
interested in when conducting a research.
a. Concept
b. Conclusion
c. Respondents
d. Research Topic
7. It refers to the devices/instruments used
to collect data such as questionnaire or
computer-assisted interviewing system.
a. Socio Demographic Profile
b. Computers
c. Questionnaire
d. Data Gathering Tools
8. It refers to a mental idea of a
phenomenon. These are words or terms
that symbolize some aspects of reality.
a.Descriptive Study
b.Bibliography
c. Concept
d.Research Topic
9. This is a set of assumptions and
perceptual orientations shared by members
of the research community. This also
includes the research method employed in
the research.
a. Paradigm
b. Ideas
c. Data
d. Analysis
10. An interrelated concept put together by
relevance.
a. Framework
b. Conceptual Framework
c. Interrelated Framework
d. Relevant Framework
11. The variable that is being tested.
a.Independent Variable
b.Dependent Variable
c. Variable
d. Numerical Variable
12. These are persons who have been invited to
participate in a particular study and have actually
taken part in the study.
a. Sample
b. Target Population
c. Respondents
d. Population
13. These are restrictions in a study that
may decrease the credibility and
generalizability of the research findings.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Limitations
Restricting Variables
Restrict Variables
Limitation Variables
14. The process of selecting
sample from a target population
to represent the entire
population.
a.Populating
b.Targeting
c. Sampling
d.Selecting Target Population
15. The set of individuals or object with
common characteristics selected for a
research study.
a. Samples
b. Target Population
c. Respondents
d. Target Respondents