CYCLING OF
MATTER
PAGES
How does matter cycle through an
environment?
• Matter moves between the living and nonliving parts of
ecosystem
• Unlike energy, which flows, matter cycles in
ecosystems.
Why is Carbon
important?
Carbon
• Carbon is a part of all living things.
• Carbon can be obtained by eating food
• Some organisms get carbon from the atmosphere or water.
• Fossil fuels, which are formed from decomposed organisms,
also contain carbon.
• CARBON DIOXIDE MOLECULECO2
Carbon is abundant in the air…
…as carbon dioxide.
Which is great news for plants.
They can’t eat food, so they make their own
sugar by photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis:
Plants take in water (H2O) from the
soil through their roots.
And carbon dioxide (CO2) from the
air in through their leaves.
Then they use sunlight energy to
rearrange these into molecules of
glucose (sugar).
Some
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photosynthesis
Respiration:
To move and grow, both plants and animals need to
Plants and animals take in oxygen (O2) from the air.
break down glucose to release that chemical energy.
They use the oxygen to break down glucose, producing carbon
They do this by respiration.
dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as waste.
feeding
photosynthesis
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
Some day, this goat will die…
The carbon which is locked up in
is great
news
for
the body …which
of organisms
is not
lost
decomposers
like bacteria and fungi.
forever.
They break down dead organisms
and in doing so, release the carbon
into the air as carbon dioxide (CO2).
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
decomposition
Millions of years ago, some
decaying organisms were covered
by layers of sand and rock.
The pressure caused them to
fossilise and form fossil fuels.
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
decomposition
We can extract these fossil fuels from
underground and burn them to release
energy. This process is called combustion.
It releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the
atmosphere.
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
decomposition
The Carbon Cycle
combustion
respiration
feeding
photosynthesis
decomposition
Carbon
Cycle
• SOLVEACTIVITY SHEET1: USETHEWORDSAND PICTURESGIVEN TO YOU TO COMPLETETHE
ACTIVITY SHEET.
Fossil are burnt in
•
factories to give energy.
This is Combustion
1. Photosynthesis
3. Respiration
2.
feeding
Animals and plants die
and are decomposed . This
is Decomposition and they
turn into fossils
AFLCheck: List the four main
scientific processes in the
carbon cycle
Carbo
n cycle
DEMONTRATE YOUR LEARNING
TRUE OR FALSE? IF THE BOX IS COLOURED IN GREEN IN THE
NEXT SLIDE IT IS TRUE OR ELSE IF IT IS COLOURED RED IT IS
FALSE
Green plants use carbon
dioxide in photosynthesis.
TRUE OR FALSE? ANSWER
Green plants use carbon
dioxide in photosynthesis.
TRUE OR FALSE? QUESTION
Combustion removes
carbon from the
atmosphere.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Combustion removes
carbon from the
atmosphere.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Respiration adds carbon
dioxide to the
atmosphere.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Respiration adds carbon
dioxide to the
atmosphere.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Decomposers remove
carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Increasing carbon dioxide
may cause global
warming.
TRUE OR FALSE?
Energy is transferred from
plants to animals to
decomposers.
TRUE OR FALSE? --QUESTION
The largest store of
carbon is the atmosphere.
Why is water
important?
Wate
r
Cycle
Water Cycle
The three stages in the water cycle:
1 Evaporation
2 Condensation
3 Precipitation
Stage 1: Evaporation
• Evaporation is the process during which liquid water
changes into a gas called water vapor.
• This water vapor rises into the atmosphere.
Stage 2: Condensation
• The higher in the atmosphere you are, the cooler the
temperature.
• As water vapor rises, it cools and condensation occurs.
• Condensation is the process during which water vapor
changes into liquid water.
Stage3: precipitation
• Water that falls from clouds to Earth's surface is
called Precipitation.
• Precipitation can be rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
What do you
know about
Nitrogen
element?
Nitroge
n
Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
• The atmosphere is 78% nitrogen
• This nitrogen is on a form that plants and animals
cannot use.
• The process that changes atmospheric nitrogen into
nitrogen compound that are usable by living things
is called nitrogen fixation.
Nitrogen Cycle
• Plants and some other organisms take in this
changed nitrogen from the soil and water.
• Animals take in nitrogen when they eat the
plants or other organisms.
• When organisms die, bacteria help return the
nitrogen in the tissues of dead organisms to the
environment.
Why is Oxygen
gas important?
Oxyge
n
Cycle
Oxygen
• Oxygen is a product of photosynthesis and
reactant of cellular respiration.
• The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere
increased as the number of photosynthetic
organisms on Earth increased.
Oxygen Cycle
• Oxygen might have entered the atmosphere when
certain bacteria evolved that could carry out the
process of photosynthesis and make their own food.
• A by-product of photosynthesis is oxygen.
• Other photosynthetic organisms evolved and the
amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increased.
Oxygen Cycle
• Many living things. Including humans, take in
oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
• Plants take carbon dioxide gas from the air to
make the photosynthesis process and produce
oxygen.