April 16, 2018 U.S. History Agenda: 1. NOTES #53: How did the U.S. help end World War II? 2. NOTES #54: What was the aftermath of World War II for the U.S.? WORLD WAR II TEST TOMORROW MARKING PERIOD ENDS TOMORROW How did the U.S. help end World War II? Notes #53 Victory over Japan Day (August 15, 1945) In 1943, the U.S. and the Allies invaded Italy and forced its surrender. Allies invade Sicily, Italy (Operation Husky) (1943) Benito Mussolini executed (1945) In 1944, the U.S. and the Allies freed France from the control of Germany, invaded Germany, and forced its surrender by 1945. Battle of the Bulge (1944–45) Adolf Hitler commits suicide (1945) Despite the surrender of Germany and Italy, Japan continued to fight WWII, having already cost the U.S. thousands of American lives. Battle of Iwo Jima (1945) After entering WWII, the U.S. began the Manhattan Project, which resulted in the development of an atomic bomb. April 12, 1945 President Harry S. Truman decided to use atomic bombs against Japan in order to end WWII and limit the loss of American lives. Socorro, New Mexico (July 16, 1945) President Harry S. Truman (1945–1953) In 1945, the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (in Japan). Little boy; dropped on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) Fat man; dropped on Nagasaki (August 9, 1945) Hiroshima, before and after Radius of destruction was 1 mile; fires existed across 2–4 miles of each city This was the first (and only) use of nuclear weapons in warfare, which resulted in the surrender of Japan in 1945 and the end of WWII. Japan officially surrenders (August 14, 1945)