Badey/Juergensmeyer 1 Claudia Salinas Professor Kasselstrand Soc 3050 10/19/19 Concept Chart # 5 Sociology of Religion Please fill out the chart below with four course concepts/terms found in the readings. Use concise (but complete) definitions. Define using your own words as the concept/term is used in the context of the reading. Make sure you include author and page number as a citation after you state the concept/term below. Do not copy dictionary definitions. After defining the concept/term, give an example (either from the assigned reading(s) or from elsewhere). Make sure it is clear how the example is linked to the definition and concept. You need to submit the assignment no later than the day the reading(s) is (are) covered in class. If two readings are assigned on the day you submit it, you should include concepts from both readings, but only four in total are required. If you choose to include more than four concepts, you are welcome to, but I will only grade the first four. Use concepts that you think are useful in the understanding of the material for this course. Concept Religious Terrorism (Badey /Monahan et al. 2011:374) International Terrorism (Badey/ Monahan et al. Definition Example “Religious Terrorism”: Religious Terrorism has dual definitions. True Religious Terrorism is terrorism that is based on their actual religious belief on an act in order to gain a reward. The definition that is usually used to describe terrorism is the label given on terrorism that is acted from one specific religious affiliation made by political figures to further bring stratification among the population and different groups for nonreligious motivations such as political. In the article, from Thomas J. Badey, he used an example that Fundamentalism Islam was labeled as using Religious Terrorism for the September 11 Attack. The legitimation of the attack was that the bombers believed that their God, “Allah” will reward them with 72 virgins to deflower in paradise if they die in a process of martyrdom (Qazi). This may be true to some of the suicide bombers, but it is also true that the attack at the World Trade Center was a protest from the group for political and social motivations. “International Terrorism”: is seen when a shift in ideologies are changed within a nation or a group in “International Terrorism”: The September 11 Attack was a politically motivated attack from Al Qaeda and the Badey/Juergensmeyer Concept 2011:375) Political violence (Badey/ Monahan et al. 2011:15-16) Cosmic War (Juergensmeyer / Monahan et al. 2011:393-394) 2 Definition Example one nation and creates the motivation, or excuse to act on violent acts towards another nation and their people. Taliban towards the United States. This was international terrorism because it created fear among the population of another Nation and their people. “Political Violence”: is a communication tactic when other forms of communication are unsuccessful in creating change in a dynamic with groups or Nations’ society, it’s a form of expressing frustration and intimidation to strategically push movement among politics. An example of “Political Violence” is when to create a protest and statement when bombing abortion clinics or bombing of political monuments to show disagree in the policy that is currently in effect. When Hilter and the Holocaust occurred, that genocide of certain groups of people, was his form of pollical violence of their disagreement of Germany’s ideologies and he convinced many people to support his ideology that change was needed and that it was in the form of “cleansing” the population of Jews, Gays, Blacks and the disabled. “Cosmic War”: is the idea that a religious purpose and conflict is placed on the human physical world in a form of a real war and thus violence, is for a greater purpose than in this human world and the believer’s life. “Cosmic War” is when a political war is being compared to a religious battle such like the “battles in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), the epics of Hinduism and Buddhism, and the Islamic idea of jihad” (Juergensmeyer. 2004). The conflict that is Jerusalem is a sacred landmark to three different religions of Judaism, Christianity and Muslims. This has caused constant war and turmoil among the Nations of Palestine and Israel and Muslim people. This is seen as Cosmic war because each faith believe they are fighting for a religious purpose and thus have the justification. Badey/Juergensmeyer 3 References Qazi Farhana. 2015. 72 Virgins in Heaven: Fact or Fiction? AskMePc. Retrieved November 14, 2019.(https://farhanaqazi.com/72-virgins-in-heaven-fact-or-fiction/).
