What is the most common reason for seeking health care? Pain
Difference between acute vs chronic pain? The difference is duration and how well you can
track the pain.
What is break through pain? Chronic pain with acute exacerbations
How long is chronic pain? Longer than 3 months
Nociceptive pain is? Tissue/Physiologic pain
Neuropathic pain is? Damage to the peripheral or CNS
Break through pain/ Severe should be given how soon and what type of pain? Immediately
through IV
Which disease is known to have both neuropathic and nociceptive pain? Sickle cell disease
Which type of pain is more General in localization? Neuropathic
Which type of meds are usually chosen for neuropathic pain? Adjuvant
medication/Antidepressants
What type of conditions makes patients more likely to have Nerve Pain? Adjuvant
Neuropathic pain should NOT be treated with? NSAIDS, Opioid, or Combo med/Tylenol 3
Effects function of quality life is what type of pain, Chronic or Acute? Chronic
For acute pain the number scale is what? Most important
For chronic pain is the number scale important? No it is not important
When treating Chronic pain what is the goal as a nurse? Help them live more functional as most
patients usually have problems doing daily activities
NRS is the what? Numeric Rating Scale
Faces pain scale is for what patients? Babies
Mild pain is? 1-3
Moderate pain is? 4-6
Severe Pain is? 7-10
Mild pain is treated with what? NSAIDS,
Moderate pain is treated with what? Combo Meds/Tylenol 3
Severe pain is treated with? Opioids/Narcotic
Nocio
For a child what pain scale would I use? FLACC
For a non-verbal patient what pain scale should I use? Hierarchy of pain measures
PAINAD scale is used for what patient? Patients with advanced dementia
Comfort Goal is for what type of pain? Chronic Patients
Delegation for pain rating can be delegated if the nurse administered the medication? No it
cannot be delegated
A patient Overdosed on an opioid what is given to the patient? Naxalone
A legal guardian of the patient has the permission to do what when a PCA is present? Press the
PCA is button
An ETCO2 pump does what? monitors CO2 exhaling
What must be present when a Nurse Changes does/Needle on a PCA pump? Another nurse
If a patient is complaining of pain but looks very normal what should you do? Aminister the
pain med
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms are usually seen after how much days? 3 days
What is the goal of chronic pain? To be functional
When you crave the effects of more than pain relief is what? Sign of physical dependence
Patient preference is what? The key to everything
Older patients usually have what type of effects when given medications? Prolonged effects
Opioid dose should be what when given to an older patient? Reduced by 25- 50 percent
When giving opioids what is something to go by? Start low and go slow
What are the goals of for pain? Identify goals for pain, build a relationship, Provide physical
care, Manage anxiety related to pain, and evaluate pain strategies
Adverse effects of analgesic? Reparatory depression, and sedation
What are primary afferent neurons called? Nocieptors
When are the different nociceptors? Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical
This process of the afferent neurons being activated is known as? Transduction
What is released from the nociceptors? Serotonin, bradykinin, histamine, prostaglnadins
What specific neurons transmit this pain? A-delta, and c fiber
Cox 1 and 2 produce analgesic affects when what medications are take? NSAIDS
A fibers do not transmit what? Pain
Small unmyelinated C fibers transmit what? Poorly localized dull achy pain
Where is a disease or lesion located that causes neuropathic pain? Somatosensory
Maladaptive neuroplasticity is what? When nerves are regrow disorganized
Hyperalgesia is what? Increased pain which is not normal
What is the recommended way to treat pain? Multimodal analgesia
Neuraxial medication is given where? Spinal cord
Transdermal fentanyl is given for what type of pain? Chronic
Withdrawal occurs with physical dependence or tolerance? Physical dependence
Opioid naïve is? When a person hasn’t taken enough opioids to become tolerant
Nonpharmalogical ways to treat pain? herbs, vitamins, massages, heat and cold
1. Describe the fundamental concepts of pain including the types of pain, the four processes
of nociception, and neuropathic pain.
2. Explain and demonstrate methods to perform a pain assessment.
3. List the first-line agents from the three groups of analgesic agents.
4. Identify the unique effects of select analgesic agents on older adults.
5. Describe practical nonpharmacologic methods that can be used in the clinical setting in
patients with pain.
6. Use the nursing process as a framework for care of the patient with pain.
7. Briefly review non-pharmacologic therapy to treat pain.
8. Describe epidural administration of pain medication and related nursing implications.
9. Analyze critical pharmacological interventions for acute pain.