Q.3.
Ans. Grapevine Communication
Grapevine is a form of informal communication, operates both in internal and external informal
channels which can contribute to and benefit the organisation.
Therefore, it is found in all organisations. It does not follow any prescribed or predetermined rule
and spreads any information quickly. Through the grapevine, information flows in different
directions linking almost every one of an organisation.
It is governed by social and personal relationships rather than officially recognised rules and
formalities.
Grapevine operates both in internal and external informal channels. It passes opinions, suspicions,
and rumours that generally do not move through formal channels.
By nature, the grapevine is a channel of horizontal communication.
However, in fact, it does not follow any set pattern. It effectively operates horizontally, vertically and
even diagonally.
Grapevine is a natural outgrowth person-to-person informal communication channel through which
information flows horizontally, vertically or diagonally without following any set rule or regulation
among the people within or outside the organisation.
4 Patterns or Types of Grapevine
The grapevine communication is usually horizontal in nature. But it can be horizontal, vertical and
diagonal. Prof. Keith Davis has classified grapevine into 4 types.
Single Strand Chain.
Gossip Chain.
Probability Chain.
Cluster Chain.
Q.2.
Ans. EtiquetteEtiquette refers to the code of polite behaviour in society. Unlike manners, etiquette is a specific
code of behaviour. Etiquette is considered as the superior of the two as it goes beyond the
understanding of manners. However, if a person has no manners, one cannot expect him to have
etiquette. This is because it is on the foundation of good manners that etiquette is being nurtured.
Unlike manners, in order to learn etiquette, one must make a conscious effort.
MannersManners are polite behaviour. These types of behaviour are rather general. From childhood onwards
children are taught good manners by parents and also in schools. This highlights the importance
given to good manners within the societal context. As the child grows, he internalises good manners
that then become a part of their behaviour.
difference between Etiquette and Manners?
• Etiquette refers to the code of polite behaviour in society whereas Manners refer to the way of
behaving, speaking and living in accordance with the expected patterns of behaviour.
• Manners are more generalised, unlike etiquette that dictate a specific code of conduct.
• Individuals learn manners from childhood through instruction and socialisation, but etiquette has
to be specially learned.
• It is manners that lay the foundation for an individual whereby the individual progresses by
learning etiquette.