Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF IMUS CITY
Gen. Pantaleon Garcia Senior High School
Pedro Reyes St. Malagasang 1-G, City of Imus, Cavite
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Week 1
Name: _____________________________
Section: _____________________________
Level: __________________
Date: __________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS
CHARACTERISTICS, STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSESS AND KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
Note: Do not write anything on this learning activity sheets. Write your answer on YELLOW
PAPER ONLY. (Please write legibly)
MELC
Describe characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of quantitative research.
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are able to describe characteristics, strengths, weaknesses and
kinds of quantitative research.
What is quantitative research?
Quantitative research may be defined as the systematic empirical investigations of social
phenomena using tools of mathematics and statistics. The Term quantitative emphasizes that this type
of research involves quantification or measurement and usually involves numbers. The term empirical
means that this type of research is concerned with things or characteristics that are observable. The
term “social phenomena” emphasizes that it is concerned with people, communities, their
organizations, and even their behavior.
Lesson 1: Characteristics of Quantitative Research.
1. OBJECTIVE.
Quantitative research seeks accurate measurement and analysis of target
concepts. It is not based on mere intuition and guesses. Data are gathered before proposing a
conclusion or solution to a problem.
2. CLEARLY DEFINED RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
The researchers know in advance what they
are looking for. The research questions are well-defined for which objective answers are sought.
All aspects of the study are carefully designed before data are gathered.
3. STRUCTURED RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS.
Standardized instruments guide data collection,
thus, ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and validity of data. Data are normally gathered using
structured research tools such as questionnaires to collect measurable characteristics of the
population like age, socio-economic status, number of children, among others.
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4. NUMERICAL DATA.
Figures, tables, or graphs showcase summarized data collection in order
to show trends, relationships, or differences among variables. In sum, the charts and tables allow
you to see the evidence collected.
5. LARGE SAMPLE SIZES.
To arrive at a more reliable data analysis, a normal population
distribution curve is preferred. This requires a large sample size, depending on how the
characteristics of the population vary. Random sampling is recommended in determining the
sample size to avoid researcher’s bias in interpreting the results.
6. REPLICATION.
Quantitative methods can be repeated to verify findings in another setting,
thus, strengthen and reinforcing validity of findings eliminating the possibility of spurious
conclusions
7. FUTURE OUTCOMES.
By using complex mathematical calculations and with the aid of
computers, if-then scenarios may be formulated thus predicting future results. Quantitative
research puts emphasis on proof, rather than discovery
ACTIVITY 1: MATCHING MEANING
There are 7 characteristics of quantitative research. Write the synonym of each characteristic
that match its meaning according to your understanding on the space provided.
Example: Future outcomes = ___Result___
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Objective = _________________
Clearly defined research questions = __________________
Structured research instruments = _____________________
Numerical data = _____________________
Large sample sizes = ____________________
Replication = _________________
Future outcomes = _________________
ACTIVITY 2: KNOWING THE DIFFERENCE
Since you already finished your Practical Research 1 or the qualitative research, I would you
to examine the statements below that describe either quantitative or qualitative research. On the first
column, write a check mark (✓) if you think the item is describing quantitative research and a cross
mark (x) if you think it does not. Then explain your choices or answers on the third column
✓ or x
Statements
1. Places are more emphasis on the
study of phenomena from the
perspective
of
those
who
experience it
2. Interested not only in examining
the phenomenon but also the
causes.
3. Immerses oneself and views
meaning as more context- and
Explanations
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time-specific, and in most cases,
not generalizations.
4. Attempts to remain independent
or detached from the phenomena
that one studies.
5. Uses interpretative frameworks.
6. Concerned about findings that
can be generalized.
7. Applies the deductive method.
8. Applies the inductive method
9. Concerned about in-depth
understanding of the situation
10. Concerned about numerical
data.
Lesson 2: STRENGTHS and WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
The advantage of quantitative research includes the following:
1. It is objective. The most reliable and valid way of concluding results, giving way to a new
hypothesis or to disproving it. Because of the bigger number of the sample of a population, the
results or generalizations are more reliable and valid. Since it provides numerical data, it can’t be
easily misinterpreted.
2. The use of statistical techniques facilitates sophisticated analyses and allows you to
comprehend a huge number of vital characteristics of data.
3. It is real and unbiased. If the research is properly designed it filters out external factors, and so
can be seen as real and unbiased.
4. The numerical data can be analyzed in a quick and easy way. By employing statistically valid
random models, findings can be generalized to the population about which information is
necessary.
5. Quantitative studies are replicable. Standardized approaches allow the study to be replicated
in different areas or over time with formulation of comparable findings.
6. Quantitative experiments are useful for testing the results gained by a series of qualitative
experiments, leading to a final answer, and narrowing down possible directions to follow.
WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
The disadvantages of quantitative research are as follows:
1. Quantitative research requires many respondents. It is assumed that the larger
the sample is the more statistically accurate the findings are.
2. It is costly. Since, there are more respondents compared to qualitative research, the expenses
will be greater in reaching out to these people and in reproducing questionnaires.
3. The information is contextual factors to help interpret the results or to explain variations are
usually ignored. It does not consider the distinct capacity of the respondents to share and
elaborate further information unlike the qualitative research.
4. Much information are difficult to gather using structured research instruments, specifically on
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sensitive issues like pre-marital sex, domestic violence, among others.
5. If not done seriously and correctly, data from questionnaires may be incomplete and
inaccurate. Researchers must be on the look-out on respondents who are just guessing in
answering the instrument
ACTIVITY 3: TRUE OR FALSE
On the space before each number, write T if the statement is true and F if false.
_____1. Research is advantageous not only to students but to life.
_____2. A fewer number of respondents is needed in a study to minimize the error.
_____3. Research is not expensive and time consuming.
_____4. Research can be done informally.
_____5. Quantitative research cannot be repeated for originality.
_____6. Quantitative research is quantifiable or measurable.
_____7. Some aspects of people, human behavior, and interactions are often difficult to measure.
_____8. The smaller the number of respondents the more accurate the result of the research.
_____9. The quantitative research is less prone to bias as the findings are expressed in terms of
numbers.
____10. Quantitative research can be analyzed by people’s thinking or point of view.
ACTIVITY 4: DISSECTING CONCEPTS
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Reflection: What did you learn in this module?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
References for learners
1. Baraceros, Ester L. Practical Research 2.REX Bookstore.2016.
2. Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F. Applied Research: An Introduction to Quantitative Research
Methods and Report Writing. Phoenix Publishing House. 2016.
3. Faltado, Ruben E. Practical Research 2. Quantitative Research. Lorimar Publishing Inc.
2016
4. Torneo, Ador R. Practical Research 2 An Introduction to Quantitative Research. Sibs
Publishing House Inc. 2018
Prepared by:
CHRISTELLE JANE V. BELO
Practical Research Teacher