Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
ANGADANAN CAMPUS
Angadanan, Isabela
Module in Art Appreciation
GEC 5
CHAPTER 1: ART HISTORY
Introduction
In this chapter you will learn that Art history is the study of objects of art considered within their
time period. Art history offers tools and vocabulary for interpreting the wealth of visual culture that
surrounds us, as well as building a historically grounded understanding of artistic varied production in
varied social and cultural contexts through art appreciation, art creativity, imagination and expression.
Learning outcome
At the end of this chapter the learners should be able to:
 To characterize artistic expression based on personal experiences with art;
 Differentiate art history from art appreciation; and
 Discuss the nature of arts preliminary expression.
Learning Content
What is Art History?
It is the study of objects or works of art in their historical development and stylistic context. This
includes painting, sculpture and architecture.
The components of art include color, shape, line, pattern and the reproduction of visual
likeness. The 2D and 3D art forms were created by Upper Paleolithic Europeans at least 30 000
years ago are conceptually equivalent to those created in recent centuries. The origins of art are
therefore much more ancient and lie within Africa, before worldwide human dispersal.
What is Art?
Art as a term is taken from the Italian word artis, which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of
form, inventiveness and the association that exist between form and ideas between material and
techniques. From the Aryan root ar, this means to join or put together; from the Greek words
artezein, which means to prepare, and arkiskein, meaning to put together.
In addition, Art is derived from Latin word ars, meaning ability or skill. (J.V. Estolas)
According to Plato,”Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world.” While
for F. Zulueta, “Art is the product of man’s need to express himself.” And for John Dewey, “Art
is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind-one which demand for each own satisfaction and
fulfilling, a shaping of matter to new and more significant from.”
AS A PROCESS--Is the
arrangement of aesthetic
elements in an appealing and
interesting matter.
AS A PRODUCT--It includes human
creation , different activities and
froms of expression like painting,
music, literature, and dance etc.
ART
IS EXPRESSION-- Expresses the
feeling s and ideas shared by all
individuals regardless of culture.
IS IMITATION-- A
representation of reality.
What are the Common Essentials of Art?
1. Art must be man-made.
2. Art must be creative, not imitative.
3. Art must benefit and satisfy man.
4. Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates
himself to his audiences.
What is Art Appreciation?
It is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them either through actual
and work-experience with art tools and materials or possession of these works of art for one’s
admiration and satisfaction. It also centers on the ability to view art throughout history, focusing on
the cultures and the people, and how art developed in the specific periods. Thus, it is difficult to
understand the art without understanding the culture because the connections to the context of art
and the interaction of societies help us to analyze and appreciate a piece of art.
What are the Natures of Arts?
1. Art is everywhere.
VALLEY OF COLORS (LA TRINIDAD)
ARTS & CRAFTS OF IFUGAOS
T’ BOLI’s necklace
2. Art is a means of expression and communication.
ON
STREET ART, ANG GERILYA
3. Art as a creation—It is the act of combining or re-ordering existing materials to form a new object.
La Création d'Adam Michel-Ange.
Magritte Art
4. Art and experience—It must be heard or seen to be appreciated and involve intellectual
understanding.
5. Art and beauty-- It gives pleasure when perceived.
Pablo Picasso, «Guernica», 1937
6. Art and nature
What are the differences between art and nature?
ART
NATURE
1. It is man-made
1. It is nature’s creation.
2. It is artificial.
2. It is natural.
3. It is non-repeatable, or unchanging
3. Evanescent (fleeting) and recreating itself.
4. It is not nature.
5. It needs art to improve it.
ACTIVITIES:
Directions: In the first column of the table below, list down your most striking encounters with arts.
On the second column, explain why you think each encounter is an experience with art.
My Encounters with Arts
Why?
ACTIVITY 2:
DIRECTIONS: Analyze the following painting by Edvard Munch. What can you infer about the
painting? Write your answer on the space provided.
Direction: Elaborate further what this quote could possibly mean.
ASSESSMENT:
1. Directions: Base on your own understanding, what is art? Write your answer inside the graph.
ART
2. What are the differences between Art History and Art Appreciation?
ART HISTORY
ART APPRECIATION
3. What is the significance of art in our lives?
REFERENCES:
ART APPRECIATION, WILSON K. PANISAN ET. AL, MUTYA PUBLISHING HOUSE INC., pp. 1-7
IMAGINATION IN TEACHING AND LEARNING, KEIRAN EGAN 1992, pp. 12-37
ART PERCEPTION AND APPRECIATION, ORTIZ ET. AL, 1976, pp. 5-12
https://sites.psu.edu/civicissueswithsm/2017/04/20/why-we-need-art-in-our-lives/
Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
ANGADANAN CAMPUS
Angadanan, Isabela
Module in Art Appreciation
GEC 5
CHAPTER 2: functions of ART
Introduction
This chapter talks about the practical usefulness of an art. The functions of art normally fall into
three categories: physical, social, and personal. This will be further discussed in the module. As you
read and analyze, you will differentiate and observe that these categories can and often do overlap.
Moreover, it covers also the subject of art which is dynamic and forceful as man’s way of life.
Learning Outcome
 Distinguish between directly functional and indirectly functional art;
 Differentiate content from subject; and
 Apply concepts and theories on beauty and aesthetic in real life scenarios.
LEARNING CONTENT
FUNCTIONS OF ART
PERSONAL FUNCTION



Is used to provide
comfort, happiness and
convenience to human
beings.
It satisfies individual
needs for personal
expression.
It educates our senses
and sharpen our
perception of colors,
forms, textures, designs,
etc.
PHYSICAL FUNCTION



This tends to address our
physical needs for
utilitarian objects and
structures.
The need for beauty in
functional objects for
everyday use.
Planning of communities
according to
environmental and
operational efficiency.
SOCIAL FUNCTION



It is used for social needs
for display, celebration
and communication.
It seeks to influence the
collective behavior of
people.
It expresses or describes
social or collective
aspects of existence as
opposed to individual and
personal kinds of
experience.
Basic Philosophical Perspectives of Art
1.) Art as Mimesis (Plato)
“Art is an imitation of the real that was an imitation of the ideal.”
“Art is an imitation of an imitation.”
2.) Art as Representation (Aristotle)
“The aim of art is not to represent the outward appearance of things but their inward significance.”
3.) Art for Art’s Sake (Kant)
“Art has its own reason for being.”
4.) Art as an Escape
--The sacred level of art not only transforms something into art but also transforms the artist at the
very core of his or her being.
5.) Art as Functional
-- Art serves a function. Art is meant to be used, to enrich lives to be spiritually potent, to educate, to
support or protest existing power structures, to entertain and so on.
CATEGORIES/CLASSIFICATIONS OF ART
1. VISUAL ART (2D, 3D)
a. PAINTING –It is the application of pigment on any flat two-dimensional surfaces.
DAVID BY MICHELANGELO
TERRACOTTA WARRIORS
BUST OF NEFERTITI,
nd
a
e
ssembling
of materials
b.
SCULPTURE
–it
is
th
carving,
modelling,
casting,
constructing,
a
(1501-1504)
(LATE 3RD CENTURY BC)
THUTMOSE (1345 BC)
and objects into primarily th ree-dimensional works of art.
c. ARCHITECTURE –It is the art and science of planning, designing,
and constructing buildings and nonbuilding structures for human shelter or use (3D).
ARCHITECT: ZAHA HADID
TANK INTERIOR DESIGN
2. PERFORMING/ COMBINED ARTS
a. MUSIC –is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.
b. DANCE –is the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given
space to express idea or emotion.
c. FILM –also called movie or motion picture, is a series of still images that when shown on a
screen creates an illusion of moving images.
d. THEATER –is a collaborative form of art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses,
to present the experience of a real or imagined event.
e. LITERARY –is concentrating the writing, study or content of literature, especially of the kind
valued for quality of form.
f. PERFORMANCE POETRY –is poetry specifically composed for or during a performance before
an audience rather on print mostly opens to improvisation.
3. DIGITAL ART
It is the art that is made with the assistance of electronic devices, or intended to be displayed on a
computer, which is the most important element in digital art.
4. APPLIED ARTS
-- are the application of design and decoration to everyday objects to make them aesthetically
pleasing.
a. FASHION DESIGN –is the art of applying design, aesthetics, and natural beauty to clothing
and accessories.
b. FURNITURE DESIGN –is a specialized field where function and fashion collide.
c. INTERIOR DESIGN –is enhancing the interior of a building to achieve a healthier and more
aesthetically pleasing environment for the people using the space.
d. GRAPHIC DESIGN –It is an artistic process of effective communication. Designers combine
words, images, and symbols to create a visual representation of ideas.
What are the subjects of arts?
SUBJECT—refers to any person, object, scene or event described or represented in a work of art.
In general, the subject of an artwork is anything under the sun.
1. REPRESENTATIONAL/OBJECT ARTS
--are artworks that depict something easily recognized by most people.
They attempt to copy something that is real. It also attempts to portray the subject as it is.
Examples:
1. Still Life is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter.
DRAWING
2. Portrait is a painting, drawing, photograph or engraving of a person.
PAINTING
DRAWING
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3. Landscape, Seascapes, Moonscapes and Cityscapes
Rice Fields, Michael Jadach
Moonscape// Oil on Canvas- Sophie Aurelia
Seascape Oil Painting, Manlangit
Manila,Philippines
4. Mythology and Religion, Dreams and Fantasies
2. NON-REPRESENTATIONAL OR NON-OBJECTIVE ARTS
-- are artworks that have no resemblance to any real subject. They do not represent anything and
they
are what they are. They rather appear
directly to the senses p rimarily because of the satisfying
Non-Objective, Vasily Kandinsky
Non-Objective, @Pinterest
Non-Objective, @Pinterest
organization of their sensuous an d expensive elements.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
FILM VIEWING
Watch DAYAW EPISODE 6:
“PARANGAL SA MGA NINUNO”
LINK:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CIrjWNVC9HA
1. How do we preserve our culture and tradition?
2. As we move towards globalization, how did the Indigenous people
survive?
Among the paintings
displayed, which one is you
favorite? Why?
Watch a Video Documentary Entitled:
TUKLAS:
SINING SAYSAY
PH HISTORY IN ART
LINK:
https://youtu be/ZN75VyLipI
ACTIVITY 2: Answer the following questions.
1. If you were an artist, what kind of artist would you be?
2. What field or form of art would you explore and why?
3. How can you utilize the arts to express yourself, your community, your
relation to others and the world?
4. Which philosophical perspective do you believe the most? Why?
5. Why does art involve experience?
6. Does art always have a function?
7. If artwork did not have any function, will it remain as an art?
8. Does art have boundaries and limitations? Explain your answer.
ASSESSMENT:
I. MULTIPLE CHOICES
DIRECTIONS: Read and analyze the questions. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer.
1. When the pigment of color is applied on a surface, what is the resulting artwork?
a. photography
c. tapestry
b. mosaic
d. painting
2. An architectural is designed and constructed in consideration of the following of which
aspects of life?
a. social and economic
c. technological and geographical
b. political and ideological
d. all of the above
3. Which of the element of visual art refers to the surface characteristics of an object and is
best appreciated when touched?
a. value
c. form
b. texture
d. color
4. This art form is the most personal of all art forms because of the nature of its main medium.
a. music
c. drama
b. dance
d. cinema
5. Art is usually a representation of reality. Hence it is often referred to us
a. communicative
c. imitative
b. product
d. expressive
6. What do we call the graphic image resulted by the duplicating process?
a. photography
c. print
b. image
d. copy
7. Which of the following refers to the material out of which the art is made of?
a. subject
c. content
b. medium
d. style
8. When we combined all the art forms. What type of performing art did we produce?
a. music
c. film
b. dance
d. theater
9. When we add and subtract to any materials to form new a design or object, what do we
do?
a. painting
c. filming
b. sculpture
d. architecture
10. Which element of art is the easiest to notice?
a. line
c. value
b. form
d. color
II. FILL IN THE BLANKS
DIRECTIONS: Read the following statements carefully. Identify what is being described
in the statement and write your answer on the space before the number.
1. It deals with the learning or understanding and creating artworks
and enjoying them.
2. The philosophical thought that means imitating reality.
3. It is the function of art that is used to affect collective behavior.
4. It is the study of objects or works of art in their historical
development and stylistic context.
5. It is an art that is made with the assistance of digital.
6. It is the function of art when it is being used to provide comfort,
happiness, and convenience to human beings.
7. These refer to the artworks perceived by seeing which are 2-3
dimensional forms.
8. It is the projection of object on the retina for a split-second longer
that it is actually there, causing the images blur into illusion of motion.
9. It is the vocal or instrumental sounds combined to produce a
beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion.
10. It is writing with high artistic qualities.
III. OUTPUT
A. Direction: Draw an example of REPRESENTATIONAL ART.
B. DIRECTION: Draw an example of NONREPRESENTATIONAL ART.
REFERENCES:
Art Perception and Appreciation, Ortiz et al., 1978, pp. 27-32
Alampat; An Introduction to Art Appreciation, Perez, Cayas and Narciso, 2013, pp. 23-25
Cultural Appropriation and the Arts, Young, 2008, pp. 1-27