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Final Examination
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Name: ______________________________________________
Date: ______________
Grade & Section: ____________________________________
Score: ______
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer. (10x2=20 points)
STRICLY NO ERASURES!
1. Which among the following statements is true about experimental research?
A. It involves the manipulation of the independent variable.
B. The randomization of the participants is impossible.
C. It tells of the relationship between two or more variables.
D. It describes patterns or trends in the behavior of a target population.
2. A researcher wants to know the prevalence and fatality rate of cardiovascular diseases in the Philippines. What type
of descriptive research must he or she use?
A. epidemiological research
B. demographic research
C. survey research
D. epidemic research
3. How can a researcher easily distinguish the research design when reading journal articles?
A. Check first the abstract of a journal article if it mentions any possible intervention, correlation, or analysis of
trends in the study.
B. Look for the number of participants in the study.
C. The title of the study will most likely include what type of research design was used.
D. Read the methods section and identify the data analysis used.
4. Which among the following statements is true about sample size in quantitative research?
A. The researcher is guided by a predetermined sample size and other considerations such as resources.
B. The sample must reach a saturation point in order to determine the sample size.
C. The sample has no predetermined size.
D. The smaller the sample, the better.
5. A researcher needs to distinguish a type of sampling technique wherein an entire population belonging to different
subgroups have an equal chance to participate in the study. Which among the following types best fits the situation?
A. stratified random sampling
B. simple random sampling
C. systematic random sampling
D. probability sampling
6. Evaluate the following statements and determine which is an advantage of randomization in selecting a sample.
A. It ensures that the sample is free of bias and is therefore representative of the target population.
B. It is practical and convenient.
C. The researchers have no idea about the probability that a specific characteristic will be chosen for the sample.
D. It is not an issue because the researchers are not trying to explore a specific characteristic or behavior of a
population.
7. Which among the following is true about reliability and validity?
A. An instrument can be reliable without being valid.
B. An instrument can be valid without being reliable.
C. An instrument can only be both reliable and valid.
D. An instrument’s validity refers to its stability and consistency over time.
8. Arrange the following procedure for beginners in constructing a research instrument for quantitative research
according to Kumar (2011).
I. State your research objectives.
II. Gather the required information.
III. Ask questions about your objectives.
!V. Formulate questions.
A. I, II, III, IV
B. I, IV, II, III
C. II, I, IV, III
D. I, III, II, IV
9. How can the researcher decide what type of reliability he or she should use?
A. The type of reliability to be used must depend on the context and objectives of the research study.
B. The researcher should always prefer using Cronbach’s alpha.
C. The type of reliability to be used must be determined by the research adviser.
D. The researchers should consider using split-half reliability when the questionnaire is just short.
10. John is the CEO of a company, and he wants to know how the employees under the sales department are
performing. What type of data collection procedure is the most appropriate to use?
A. quantitative observation
B. questionnaires
C. quantitative interviews
D. experiments
II. ESSAY
Content & Organization – 6
Grammar & Neatness – 4___
Total = 10 points
1. Why is a quasi-experimental design cannot be considered as a true experiment?
2. What are the advantages of using probability sampling?
3. Why do research studies need to be ethical?