LYFJSHS E-LAMP REVIEW
PART 2 – ORAL
COMMUNICATION
Ms. Aira Mae R. Sarita
Discussion
Outline
 Types of Communicative
 Understanding Speech
Speech Style, Speech
Communicative Strategy
 Principles of Effective
Writing and Delivery
Strategy
Context,
Act and
Speech
How well do you
know?
PRE-ASSESSMENT
1. This is a communicative strategy that we use when we want to establish a topic in
a conversation.
A. Nomination
C. turn-taking
B. Restriction
D. topic-control
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2. It is a communicative strategy used to end a conversation.
E
A. Termination
C. topic-control
B. topic-shifting
D. repair
3. It involves moving from one topic to another.
V
A. Termination
C. topic-control
B. topic-shifting
D. repair
I
4. This strategy is used to address the problems encountered in a conversation.
A. Termination
C. topic-control
B. topic-shifting
D. repair
E
5. This strategy limits what a speaker can say to avoid ideas that are unnecessary and
irrelevant to the topic.
A. Nomination
C. turn-taking
W
B. Restriction
D. topic-control
6. During group discussion, the leader asks everyone to brainstorm about the
possible topics for the group research. What communicative strategy is employed?
A. Nomination
C. turn-taking
B. Restriction
D. topic-control
7. Hearings in the senate usually include oral testimony from witnesses followed by
questioning of the witnesses by members of Congress. Which communicative
strategy is employed in the above procedure?
A. Termination
C. topic-control
B. topic-shifting
D. repair
8. Every time your group conducts a meeting, nothing is accomplished because the
time is used up due to irrelevant and unnecessary topics that intervene the
discussion. As the group leader, how will you keep your members focused on the
agenda of the meeting using the restriction strategy?
A. Tell them that they will get kicked out from the group if they will not cooperate.
B. End the meeting immediately as soon as the group begins to talk about other
things irrelevant to the agenda.
C. Give instructions before the meeting starts to confine and limit what they can say.
D. Show disappointment.
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9. Which of the following responses uses repair as communicative strategy?
A. “Best regards to your family! See you around.”
B. “Please enlighten me about the solution to the issue you are suggesting.”
C. "Excuse me, can you please repeat the question?”
D. “By the way, I need a few personal details about yourself.”
10. Which of these shows turn-taking strategy?
A. "I will hear your suggestion after you listen to my plan.”
B. "Ok, I am listening. Go on.”
C. "Precisely! That is a very good reason why we need to come up with a
contingency plan.”
D. “Group 1 will talk about the advantages of technology while group 2 will talk about
its disadvantages.”
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Types of
Communicative
Strategy
1. Nomination
 A speaker carries out nomination to collaboratively
and productively establish a topic.
 Examples:
 “Have you heard about “the new normal”?
 “I saw your TikTok post on Facebook. It’s really great.”
 “What can you say about our new plan for the project?
Do you think it will work?”
 You are the new student, right? Would you like me to
tour you around the campus?
2. Restriction
 Restriction in communication refers to any limitation
you may have as a speaker.
 Examples:
 In your class, you might be asked by your
teacher to brainstorm on peer pressure or deliver a
speech on digital natives. In this case, you cannot
decide to talk about something else.
 You are invited to the police station to answer some
questions about what you know about the accident.
3. Turn-taking
 It pertains to the process by which people decide
who takes the conversational floor.
 Examples:
 Spoken cues such as “What do you think?” or
“You wanted to say something?” provide others a
chance to speak.
 Pausing is a nonverbal cue that will do as well.
4. Topic Control
 Topic
control
covers
how
procedural
formality
or
informality affects the development of topic in conversations.
 Examples:
 During a board meeting, the director manages the
communication and directs who may speak to collectively
develop the topic of conversation.
 In the senate session, the senate president presides
the meeting. Senators who wish to speak asks permission
to the senate president.
5. Topic Shifting
 Topic shifting involves moving from one topic to another.
 Examples:
 You may use conversational transitions that
indicate a shift like “By the way...”, “Before I
forget...”, “Which reminds me of,” and the like.
 In a report presentation you may use expressions like
“Moving on to the next topic…”, “Now, let’s talk
about…”, “This time, let me tell you about…”
6. Repair
 Repair refers to how speakers address the problems in speaking,
listening, and comprehending that they encounter in a conversation.
 Examples:
 Speaker may use recasting or changing the form of message to
a more understandable one using the following expressions:
 “What I mean is….”
 What I am trying to say is that…”
 The speaker may repeat his/her statements using the following
expressions:
 “Let me repeat myself.”
 “Again…”
 I would like to reiterate that…”
7. Termination
 Termination
refers
to
the
conversation
participants’ close-initiating expressions that end a
topic in a conversation.
 Examples:
 “It’s nice catching up with you. I must be going.”
 Thanks for your time. See you around.
 Regards to your wife. See you soon.”
Part I. Directions:
each statement.
Identify the type of communicative strategy evident in
1.“Ok goodbye! See you around.”
ANSWER: TERMINATION
2.“Hello, I guess you are familiar. Have we met before?”
ANSWER: NOMINATION
3.“Anyone, who is not in favor of my idea?
ANSWER: TURN-TAKING
4.“May I request everybody to be quiet so we can proceed to
the next part of our discussion?”
ANSWER: REPAIR
5.“Sorry but can you repeat your question?”
ANSWER: REPAIR
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Part I. Directions: Identify the type of communicative strategy evident in each
statement.
6. “That was an excellent solution to resolve this issue.”
ANSWER: TERMINATION
7. “Do you have any clarification about our contingency plan this school
year?”
ANSWER: NOMINATION
8. “May I have the floor, sir? The topic under the discussion is the state of
the Philippine economy today. We want better lives for all Filipinos,
whether they are working here or abroad.
ANSWER: TURN-TAKING
9. “In addition, to what you have said, I think we should also assure
the safety of our learners in times like this.”
ANSWER: TOPIC SHIFTING
10. “The rules only specified in the ordinance will be followed.”
ANSWER: RESTRICTION
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Understanding Speech
Context, Speech Style, Speech
Act and Communicative
Strategy
SPEECH CONTEXT
Intrapersonal Communication
communication with oneself. It is
the basic form of communication
where the ‘self’ is the only
consideration.
Interpersonal Communication
transmission of messages that
is deliberately extended to
others.
Public Communication
addresses a large number of
people.
SPEECH STYLE
1. FROZEN/STATIC STYLE
 Also known as fixed speech.
 It is most the most formal communicative style that
is often used in respectful situation or formal
ceremony.
 As most highly formal style, it uses the complex
grammatical sentence structure and vocabulary
known only to experts in a particular field.
1. FROZEN/STATIC STYLE
2. FORMAL STYLE
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One way participation
Technical vocabulary or exact definitions are important.
It uses formal words and expressions.
This speech style is expected to be presented in complete
sentences with specific word usage.
 It does not allow ellipsis (like omissions), contractions, qualifying
modal adverbials (like probably, possibly, evidently, surely,
certainly and subjectively markers )
2. FORMAL STYLE
3. CONSULTATIVE STYLE
 It is unplanned speech.
 This speech style uses listener participation and
feedback
 The two defining features of this style are:
(a) the speaker supplies background information
(b) the listener participates continuously
 Less appropriate for writing.
3. CONSULTATIVE STYLE
4. CASUAL STYLE
 This style is used in conversations between friends and
insiders who have something to share and have shared
background information.
 There is free and easy participation of both speaker and
listener .
 The use of language is general.
 Ellipsis and slang are common.
4. CASUAL STYLE
5. INTIMATE STYLE
This style is used in conversations between people who are
very close and know each other quite well because having
a maximum of shared background information.
It is characterized by an economy of words, with a high
incidence of significant non-verbal communication, such
as gesture, facial expression, eye contact and so on.
5. INTIMATE STYLE
Directions: Here are some phrases that belong to different communicative
situations, such as “greeting”, “complaint” and “encouragement”. Tell them into
its right category of speech styles.
1.Thanks for following-up on the Jones account. Great Job!
ANSWER: FORMAL
2.I’m sick and tired of your crap!
ANSWER: INTIMATE
3.Whoa, way to go! Nice catch!
ANSWER: CASUAL
4.Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou
amongst women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
ANSWER: FROZEN
5.Good Morning. May I speak to the director, please?
ANSWER: FORMAL
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6. Excuse me Ms. Andersen. As I understand the task, we need
to focus on improving our delivery times rather than blaming
our suppliers.
ANSWER: FORMAL
7. Good Afternoon, Attorney! May I schedule an appointment for
a legal advice from you?
ANSWER: CONSULTATIVE
8. Hey, Jack. What’s up?
ANSWER: CASUAL
9. You’re so good. I’m crazy about you, honey.
ANSWER: INTIMATE
10.Thank you for applying for this position. We’ll let you know
within a week if you have been chosen for an interview
ANSWER: FORMAL
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SPEECH ACT
Speech acts are the speaker’s utterances which
convey meaning and make listeners do specific things
(Austin, 1962).
Locutionary Speech Act
when the speaker performs an utterance
(locution), which has a meaning in the
traditional sense.
Illocutionary Speech Act
 it is not just saying something itself but the act of saying
something with the intention of
 stating an opinion, confirming, or denying something;
 making a prediction, a promise, a request;
 issuing an order or a decision; or
 giving advice or permission.
 Examples:
 There’s too much homework in this subject. (opinion)
 I’ll do my homework later. (promise)
 Go do your homework! (order)
Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act
 Assertive – a type of illocutionary act in which
the speaker expresses belief about the truth of a
proposition. Some examples of an assertive act
are suggesting, putting forward, swearing,
boasting and concluding.
 Example: No one can love you better than I do.
Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act
 Directive – a type of illocutionary act in which the
speaker tries to make the addressee perform an
action. Some examples of a directive act are
asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising,
and begging.
 Example: Please maintain the cleanliness of our
school.
Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act
 Commissive – a type of illocutionary act which
commits the speaker to doing something in the future.
Examples of a commissive act are promising,
planning, vowing, and betting.
 Example: From this moment on, I will love you
and honor you for the rest of my life.
Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act
 Expressive – a type of illocutionary act in which the
speaker expresses his/her feelings or emotional
reactions. Some examples of an expressive act are
thanking, apologizing, welcoming and deploring.
 Example: Thank heavens, you came to save me!
I owe you my life.
Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act
 Declaration – a type of illocutionary act which brings a change in
the external situation. Simply put, declarations bring into existence
or cause the state of affairs which they refer to. Some examples
of declarations are blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding, passing a
sentence, and excommunicating.
 Example: You are fired!
Perlocutionary Speech Act
 This is seen when a particular effect is sought from either the Speaker, the
Listener, or both. The response may not necessarily be physical or verbal and
is elicited by:
 inspiring or insulting;
 persuading/convincing; or
 deterring/scaring.
 Examples:
 “I was born a Filipino, I will live a Filipino, I will die a Filipino!” (inspiring)
 “It is the bleak job situation that forces Filipinos to find jobs overseas.”
(persuading)
 “Texting while driving kills—you, your loved ones, other people
(deterring)
Directions: Choose the best answer for each given situation.
1. The teacher called Drei to tell the answer for item number 5. Identify the
speech act used.
A. Illocutionary Act
C. Perlocutionary Act
B. Locutionary Act
D. None of the above
CORRECT ANSWER: A
2. Thirdie asks his classmates to sit down. Identify the speech act used.
A. Illocutionary Act
C. Perlocutionary Act
B. Locutionary Act
D. None of the above
CORRECT ANSWER: A
3. When can we say that a speech act is a locutionary act?
A. when there is an utterance of a sound, a word, or even a speech
B. when there is something said to express an intention
C. when the utterance changes the person’s feelings, thoughts or actions
D. when the statement caused misunderstanding and confusion
CORRECT ANSWER: A
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To what classification of illocutionary act do the given examples belong?
Choose your answer from the choices below.
A. Assertive B. commissive
C. directive D. expressive
E. declaration
1. “No one can sing as Leah does!”
ANSWER: ASSERTIVE
2. “Please clean the room before you leave.”
ANSWER: DIRECTIVE
3. “From this day forward, I promise to love you for the rest of my life.”
ANSWER: COMMISSIVE
4. “You are blessed.”
ANSWER: DECLARATION
5. “I love you very much!”
ANSWER: EXPRESSIVE
6. “Kindly see me after class.”
ANSWER: DIRECTIVE
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1. Noemi has memorized the “Panatang Makabayan” (Patriotic Oath)
since her elementary days. She always recites it during the
morning ceremonies before the class starts. Reciting this oath
is an example of this speech style.
A. consultative
C. frozen
B. Formal
D. intimate
CORRECT ANSWER: FROZEN
2. Marcus was tasked to give a message in a virtual moving-up
ceremonies. The said situation is an example of this speech style.
A. consultative
C. frozen
B. formal
D. intimate
CORRECT ANSWER: FORMAL
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3. Every morning, Sarah faces the mirror and talks to herself asking what
clothes to wear for the day, what food to eat and what things to do. This
scenario is one of the many typical samples of this type of speech context.
A. Interpersonal
C. public
B. Intrapersonal
D. all of the above
D. CORRECT ANSWER: INTRAPERSONAL
4. You were part of a student council campaign and were asked to prepare
a 3-minute rebuttal speech on the issue of cyber-bullying. As an
advocate, you spoke in front everybody during the meeting-deavance. This scenario is one of the many types of this speech context..
A. Interpersonal
C. public
B. Intrapersonal
D. all of the above
CORRECT ANSWER: PUBLIC
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5. Danica asked Olivia, “Have you talked to Ms. De Leon about our
project?” The possible perlocutionary effect of this question is shown in this
act.
A. Olivia gets upset with Danica for the reminder.
B. Danica urges Olivia to converse with Ms. De Leon.
C. Ms. De Leon accepts Olivia and Danica’s project.
D.Olivia approaches Ms. De Leon regarding the project.
CORRECT ANSWER: D
6. The teacher, due to modular distance learning delivery, has asked for the
mobile numbers, email or social media accounts and other contact
information of the students. The corresponding illocutionary act of the
utterance, “May I have your contact details please?” is this.
A. Beg
C. Insist
B. Demand
D. Request
CORRECT ANSWER: D
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7. One day, Gina and Marissa saw one another along the
corridors. Marissa smiled and waved her hand to Gina.
Approaching, Gina said “Hi! How are you?” This communication
strategy is exemplified here.
A. Nomination
C. topic-shifting
B. Repair
D. turn-taking
CORRECT ANSWER: A
8. “I regret not being there when you need someone to talk to.” Max
said to his little brother, Bran. Tell the classification of speech style
used.
A. Casual
C. Frozen
B. Consultative
D. Intimate
CORRECT ANSWER: D
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9. The magistrate gives his verdict to the accused after a series of court
trials. Identify the speech style used.
A. Casual
C. Formal
B. Consultative
D. Intimate
CORRECT ANSWER: B
10. Teacher Mercy gave each student a chance to speak during the
presentation, one at a time. Identify the communicative strategy used.
A. Nomination
C. Topic Shifting
B. Terminating
D. Turn-Taking
CORRECT ANSWER: D
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Principles of Effective
Speech Writing and
Delivery
1. Audience Profile
 Knowing
your
audience
specifically their general age,
gender, educational level, religion,
language, culture and group
membership is one of the most
important aspects in developing
your speech.
2. Logical Organization
 The written speech
three
parts:
introduction,
body
conclusion.
has
the
and
Methods of Organization in Writing
the Body (Flores 2016)
1. Problem-Solution Order- It explains the problem
and suggests a possible solution.
Example: Cleaning up Laguna de Bay
2. Categorical/Topical Order- It divides the topic
into subtopics based on the importance or interest
value or simply because the topic requires it.
Example: Importance of promoting the Reduce,
Reuse and Recycle program
Methods of Organization in Writing
the Body (Flores 2016)
3. Chronological Order - A historical or time
approach which is from the past to the present. It
presents idea in time order.
Example: The significant development of the
province of Laguna from Spanish period to present.
4. Comparison and Contrast Order- It presents
comparison and contrast of two or three points.
Example: Comparison between living in the city and
life in the province.
Methods of Organization in Writing
the Body (Flores 2016)
5. Spatial/Geographical Order- Going from one
place to another, from one direction to another
Example: Traveling around the wonders of Batanes
islands
6. Causal Order- It involves a discussion of both
cause and effect of an issue.
Example: The Fish Kill in Laguna de Bay
3. Duration
Introduction: 2 minutes (250 words)
Body: Point 1: 5 minutes (625 words)
Point 2: 5 minutes (625 words)
Point 3: 5 minutes (625 words)
Conclusion: 3 minutes (375 words)
Total word count: 2,500 words (20 minutes)
4. Word Choice
 The following words should be avoided in a
written speech. (Tandoc, 2016)
Jargons or technical terms specific only for a
group of people
Redundancy or excessive repetition of words
Language inappropriate for the audience
Language inappropriate for the occasion
5. Grammatical Correctness
Using correct grammar when
you give a speech is important
to prevent misunderstanding and
misinterpretation between you
and the audience
Using Principles of Effective Speech
Delivery
 Articulation – how well and precisely you form
vowels and consonants using your lips, tongue, jaw,
and palate to form the sounds to speak is crucial in
making your message get crossed.
 Modulation – This happens when you control or
adjust the tone or volume of your voice.
Stage presence – The speaker’s ability to get and
secure the audience's interest in listening to him/her
through his or her presentation style refers to stage
presence.
Using Principles of Effective Speech
Delivery
 Facial expressions – To effectively communicate
emotions and enthusiasm while speaking, the
speaker must use emphatic and descriptive gestures.
 Rapport – It
happens
when
you
have
everything in concordance or harmony. Your
discourse is correct. The crowd gets it well. They
appreciate tuning in to it as much as you appreciate
conveying it.
1. Which of the following methods of speech organization refers
to historical or time approach (from past to the present) that presents
ideas in time order?
A. Casual Oder
C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order
D. Spatial/Geographical Order
CORRECT ANSWER: B
2. Which of the following methods of speech divides the topic into
subtopics based on the importance or interest value or simply because
the topic requires it?
A. Categorical/ Topical Oder C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order
D. Spatial/Geographical Order
CORRECT ANSWER: A
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A. Modulation
B. Articulation
D. Facial expressions, gestures, and movements
C. Stage Presence
E. Duration
1. As the CEO of the company approaches the stage, the audience is
astonished with how dignified he is that everyone becomes eager to hear
his message.
C. STAGE PRESENCE
2. Not a single person among the audience was bored listening to the speech
even though the message was a bit lengthy. The speaker was truly dynamic.
E. DURATION
3. The speaker is animated in delivering his speech. He never stays in one
place and sees to it that everyone is listening to him.
D. FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, GESTURES, AND MOVEMENTS
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A. Modulation
B. Articulation
D. Facial expressions, gestures, and movements
C. Stage Presence
E. Duration
4. Leslie did a great job during her campaign for SSG president. She
was able to adjust her voice according to the number of students
in the classrooms that they went in to campaign.
A. MODULATION
5. Magda was invited as a resource speaker for an event in a school.
She learned from the teacher that her audience would be pupils
from Kinder and Grade 1 so she prepared a short speech for her
talk.
E. DURATION
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-End of Review in Oral
Communication!
Good luck on your upcoming E-LAMP!
Break a leg!
For further questions, you may email
me at airamae.sarita@deped.gov.ph
or send a direct message on my
messenger Aira Mae Sarita.