RUSSELL CAMELLO MEJORADA
Competency Base Learning Material
DAVAO CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH
Cellphone no. 0916-395-4039
BEAUTY CARE NC II
2020-2021 Module
Nail Care
The Cuticle
Beautiful Nails
This area, also known as the eponychium, sits between your skin and your nail plate
at its base. It works like a sealant to make sure water can't get under your skin at
the base of your nail. Having a little bit of cuticle is good and healthy.
Nails are horny extensions of the skin and made from the protein called Keratin. It
will grow about 1-millimeter average per day. It takes approximately 16 weeks to
grow from its root to the tip. If the nails are in poor condition, the cuticles tend to
harden and spread out beyond the nail bed area. Nails need to be constantly
cleaned, moisturized and buffed to keep them looking in the pink of health.
Learning about the structure of the nail can help you understand the importance
of proper nail care and help you to diagnose minor problems that can present
themselves in the nail bed. The nail, whether it is fingernail or a toenail, has many
distinct parts that require proper care.
The Perionychium
Similar to the cuticle, this part sits between the skin and the nail plate at the sides
of your nails. At times, your nail may grow into the perionychium, resulting in an
ingrown nail or hangnail.
The Nail Plate
It's the hard, brittle area that you cover with polish. It is not pink, but translucent
in appearance, since it is made of keratin. It only looks pink because you can see
the blood vessels beneath it. The top is smooth and the bottom is grooved. The
grooves help it stay attached to the nail bed.
The Nail Bed
It adds strength and thickness, thanks to nerves, melanocytes and blood vessels.
Growth doesn't end at the root, but continues all the way to the free edge. That's
why it hurts so much when your nail gets peeled back.
The Nail Root
The Free Edge
Also called the germinal matrix, this is the area of the tissue that sits under your
skin, starting a few millimeters into your toe or finger and terminating at the
base of the visible nail. Your blood vessels provide the root with nutrients, which
your body uses to create your nail.
The Lunula
Also called the half moon, this is the white curved piece that you can see at the
very base of your nail. You can see it best when you hold your hands in front
of you with your fingers pointing
upwards. It is easier to detect on the thumbs and big toes, in many cases. This
is actually the edge of the nail root and is essential in nail formation.
This is the piece of the nail that has the whitish
appearance and is painless to trim off. It is also the least
protected and most vulnerable part since it no longer
receives nourishment from the body. The point where
the free edge connects to the fingertip or toe tip is known
as the hyponychium. Like the cuticle, it keeps the
connection between the nail and the skin waterproof.
MANICURE AND PEDICURE
•Swelling of the nail folds.
The words pedicure and manicure are derived
from the Latin words. Pedis meaning feet, Manus
meaning hand and Cura meaning care.
2. Pseudomonas
-A bacterial infection can occur between the natural nail plate and the nail,
and/or between an artificial nail coating and the natural nail plate.
-May people have been led to believe that the
classic ‘green’ discoloration of this type of infection
is some type of mold.
CAUTION!
NOTES (Pseudomonas):
Please be aware that Nail Technicians are only licensed to beautify the hands,
and not to diagnose or treat nail diseases and disorders. Please seek the advice of
your physician or dermatologist for a proper diagnosis and medical treatment.
17 Types of Nail Irregularities
1. Paronychia
-The proximal and lateral nail folds act as a barrier, or seal, between the nail
plate and the surrounding tissue.
-In actuality, mold is not a human pathogen. The
discoloration is simply a by-product of the infection
and is caused primarily by iron compounds.
-Pseudomonas thrive in moist places; it feeds off the dead tissue and bacteria
in the nail plate, while the moisture levels allow it to grow
-The after effects of this infection will cause the nail plate to darken and soften
underneath an artificial coating. The darker the discoloration, the deeper into the
nail plate layers the bacteria has traveled.
-If a tear or a break occurs in this seal, the bacterium can easily enter.
- If the bacteria have entered between the nail plate and the nail bed, it will cause
the same discolorations and may also cause the nail plate to lift from the nail bed.
- People who have their hands in water for extended periods may develop this
condition, and it is highly contagious.
3. Fungal Infection of the nail plate
Causes:
A fungal or yeast infection which results in
Onychomycosis, can invade through a tear in the proximal
and lateral nail folds as well as the eponychium.
•Bacteria,
•Fungi
•The fungus digests the keratin protein of which the nail
plate is comprised.
•Some viruses.
•As the infection progresses
Characterized by:
•Organic debris accumulates under the nail plate often discoloring it.
•Pain
•Other infectious organisms may be involved, and if left untreated,
•Redness
•The nail plate may separate from the nail bed and crumble off.
Characterized by:
•Onycholysis (nail plate separation) with evident debris under the nail plate.
•It normally appears white or yellowish in color,
• May also change the texture and shape of the nail.
-Although oil or paraffin treatments will re-hydrate the nail plate, one may wish to
consult with a physician to rule out disease.
8.Onychauxis
is evidenced by over-thickening of the nail plate and may be the result of internal
disorders — seek medical advice.
4.Ringworm of the nails.
-Tinea Unguis, or ringworm of the nails. This is another symptom of candida yeast
infection.
Characterized by:
•nail thickening,
•deformity,
•Eventually results in nail plate loss.
5.Nail Atrophy
-Onychatrophia is an atrophy or wasting away of the nail plate. It becomes smaller
and sometimes shed entirely. Injury or disease may account for this irregularity.
6.Ingrown Toenail
-Onychogryphosis are claw-type nails that are characterized by a thickened nail
plate and are often the result of trauma. This type of nail plate will curve inward,
pinching the nail bed and sometimes require surgical intervention to relieve the
pain.
7.Vertical Split in the nail plate
-Onychorrhexis are brittle nails which often split vertically, peel and/or
have vertical ridges.
Causes:
•The use of strong solvents in the workplace or the home, including household
cleaning solutions.
Leukonychia
-is evident as white lines or spots in the nail plate may be caused by tiny bubbles
of air that are trapped in the nail plate layers due to trauma.
-This condition may be hereditary and no treatment is required as the spots
will grow out with the nail plate.
Beau’s Lines
-are nails that are characterized by horizontal lines of darkened cells and
linear depressions.
- Chemotherapy or other damaging event and is the result of any interruption
in the protein formation of the nail plate. Seek a physician’s diagnosis.
Causes:
Pterygium
-is the inward advance of skin over the nail plate.
•By trauma
Never attempt to remove pterygium -instead, consult a physician for advice
and treatment.
•Illness
Causes:
•Malnutrition
•Result of trauma to the matrix due to a surgical procedure or by a deep cut to the
nail plate
•Or any major metabolic condition
•Losses of the nail plate due to the development of scar tissue.
Koilonychia
-These nails show raised ridges and are thin and concave. Seek a
physician’s advice and treatment.
Pterygium Inversum Unguis
Causes:
-Acquired condition characterized by a forward growth of the hyponychium
•Iron deficiency
-characterized by live tissue firmly attached to the underside of the nail plate,
which contains a blood supply and nerves.
Melanomychia
- Consult a physician for diagnosis and
- are vertical pigmented bands, often described as nail ‘moles’, which usually
form in the nail matrix.
Dark streaks may be a normal occurrence in dark-skinned individuals, and are
fairly common.
NOTES(Melanonychia):
•Seek a physician’s care should you suddenly see this change in the nail plate.
•It could signify a malignant melanoma or lesion.
treatment. Causes:
•systemic
•hereditary
•An allergic reaction to acrylics or solvents.
Psoriasis
-The nails is characterized by raw, scaly skin and is
sometimes confused with eczema
-It will leave the nail plate pitted, dry, and it will often
crumble. The plate may separate from the nail bed
and may also appear red, orange or brown, with red spots in the lunula.
•
Do not attempt salon treatments on a client with Nail
Psoriasis. Consult with a dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.
Brittle Nails
-are characterized by a vertical splitting or separation of the nail plate layers at
the distal (free) edge of the nail plate.
-In most cases, nail splitting and vertical ridges are characteristic of the natural
aging process.
➢
➢
Strengthen nails – soak almond or olive oil for 5-7 min. daily
Discolored nails – soak lemon juices with warm water after 7 min. brush
with vinegar.
Cracked nails – apply glycerin and leave it at bedtime
Causes:
•Over exposure to water and chemical solvents
•Ageing
The nail bed’s natural flow of oils and moisture is greatly reduced
The oil and moisture are the cement that holds the nail plate layers together and
gives the plate its inherent flexibility.
Vertical Ridges
PERFORM MANICURE AND PEDICURE
•Also, characteristic of aging,
Materials:
•The nail plate grows forward on the nail bed in a ‘rail and groove’ effect,
Towel, Apron, Smock Gown, Manicuring Table, Supply Tray, Wet Sanitizer, Cotton,
Nail Polish Thinner, Finger Bowl, Container For Cotton, Glass Container, Special
Toe Nail Clippers, Orange Wood Stick, Nail File, Cuticle Pusher, Cuticle Nipper,
Nail Brush, Emery Board, Nail Buffer, Fine Camel Hair Brush, Tweezers, Cuticle
Scissor, Foot Powder, Foot Lotion, Nail Cleansers, Nail polish Remover, Dry Nail
Polish, Liquid Nail Polish, Nail Dryer, Base Coat, Top Coat, Hand Cream Or Hand
Lotion, Sanitized towel, Disinfectant, Spatula, Alcohol.
•The natural oil and moisture levels decline in the nail plate, and this rail and
groove effect becomes apparent.
Hematoma
•Result of trauma to the nail plate.
•The nail bed will bleed due to this trauma, and the blood is trapped between the
nail bed and the nail plate.
•A hematoma may also indicate a fractured bone and may result in nail plate
separation and infection because the blood can attract fungi and bacteria.
•It can happen from simply trapping your finger or toe in the car door to
friction from improperly fitting or ‘too-tight’ shoes, to a sports related injury.
TIPS for common nail problems:
OBJECTIVES AND PROCEDURE
I. PREPARE AND ANALYZED THE CONDITION OF THE NAIL
1.Assess client’s special needs.
2.Provide client’s protective clothing.
3.Ensured clients safety and comfort during the entire process.
4.Use code of ethics.
5.Know the different nail condition and its structure.
Precautions:
III. APPLY NAIL POLISH
•Correct analyzing of nail condition is observed.
1.Massage hand and foot finger nails.
•Correct technique of draping is applied.
2.Apply long strokes of base coat starting with the little finger nail.
•Used of courteous manner is conducted.
3.Select color of the nail polish.
II. REMOVE THE OLD NAIL POLISH
1.Soak the hand and foot.
4.Apply nail polish from the base to the edge of the nil, using light sweeping
stroked around the cuticle.
5.Apply top or seal coat.
2.Remove the old nail polish from the nail.
3.Cut the nail into desire length and shape.
4.Slightly push the skin and cuticle.
5. Remove dry skin using cuticle nipper.
6. Brush and file the nail.
7. Refine the edge of nail.
8. Put antiseptic to the nail if accidental cut is incurred.
Precautions:
•Different strokes and technique are applied.
•Proper application of nail polish is applied.
•Correct selection of color is observed.
IV- PERFORM FINAL RETOUCH
1.Check the nail if there is excess nail polish mess around the cuticle.
2.Get orange wood stick, wrap with cotton with nail polish thinner.
Precautions:
3.Remove the excess nail polish with wrap orange stick.
•Desire nail shape is achieved.
•Cleaning nails are observed.
•Safety precautions are applied.
•Pushing dry skin and cuticle are completed.
•Using antiseptic is applied.
Precautions:
1.Proper hygiene is observed.
2.Desire result is performed.
3.Appropriate rules and procedure are followed.
Procedure
•Consult general health condition of the client+
•Check and analyze the nail condition
•Gather all necessary tools and materials
•Provide protective clothing to the client
•Wash and sanitize the hands and feet of the client
•Remove the old nail polish
•Trim the nails
•File the nail into shape
•Apply the cuticle remover to soften the cuticle.
•Push back the cuticle
•Remove excess dry skin using nipper without harming the nail bed
•Brush the nail
•Put benzalkonium chloride/merthiolate
•Buffed the nail
•Massage the hands using hand cream
•Apply base coat
•Apply nail polish
•Apply top coat
•Clean up
Manicure and Pedicure
Instructions: Answer the questions.
9. Enumerate 8 types of nail irregularities.
1. ________________ This the white area at the base of a fingernail.
2. ________________ It is also known as germinal matrix that
lies below the skin.
3. The cuticle also known as _________________ that lies
between the skin and nail plate.
4. ________________ sits between the skin and the nail plate at the
sides of the nails at times it may result ingrown nail or hangnail.
5. ________________ a translucent in appearance. It is made
of keratin protein.
6. ________________ It adds strength and thickness which
the nerves, melanocytes and blood vessels are located.
7. ________________ the part of nail that connects to the fingertips
or toe tip. Also known as hyponychium.
8._________________ it derived from the Latin word Pedis/Manus
and Cura.
10.Enumerate the procedure on how to prepare and analyze
the condition of the nails and precautions.
HANDS SPA
HANDS - (Latin Manus) is a prehensile, multi-fingered organ located at
the end of the forearm or forelimb of primates are the most used or the
most abused part of our body. They are constantly exposed and perform a
zillion different tasks. We tend to overlook and used them as tools doing
numerous chores. These overworked and indispensable pair of hands are
busy and work the hardest all the time, they need special care and pamper. In fact,
since they are visible, they need to look their best all the time. So, do spare a thought
for this overworked hand.
Since the hands do not have any oil glands to protect them from within. They also dry
up faster and tend to wrinkles and age faster. Constant exposure to the elements and
harsh chemicals makes our hands dry faster. The key to beautiful pair of hands is
regular care and maintenance.
After your face, hands are part of your body that people notice most. In spite of this,
Hands and Feet are the most neglected parts of your body. It is that part of your body
which you use most. Your hands tell people how old you are. It’s of no use having
gorgeous nails, wearing beautiful clothes if your hands don’t look beautiful.
Due to relentless use of your hands, washing and exposure to all kinds of weather, your
hands are fastest aging parts of your body. If you don’t do hand-care properly they can
actually make you look and feel older than you really are.
The skin on back of your hands is thin and delicate, so you need to take proper care of
your hands. You will find in this article best hand care tips home remedies to make
your hands look young and pretty
A hand and arm massage is a service that can be offered with all types of
enhancement and manicure services, and can be performed on most clients. It is a
great value added service or a special added touch.
A massage is one of the client’s high priorities during the service as most clients look
forward to the soothing and relaxing effects. The massage manipulations should be
executed with rhythmic, smooth, and methodical movements, never leaving the
clients hand or arm untouched during the procedure. You should never break
contact, until you are ready to move to the other hand. Massage first, and should ask
the client we are going to massage about any health conditions.
There are some circumstances where massage should be avoided.
Do not perform this service on clients with:
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−
−
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Skin allergies and inflammations
blastomycosis
mycosis
infectious diseases
heart conditions
tumors
diabetes
pregnancy
Once the massage has started, try not to engage your
client in conversation. It'll guarantee perfect relaxation and a sense of calm.
Use Nurture Lotion or Nurture Oil at the amount of which is necessary to properly
moisturize the hands. Both contain jojoba oil and grape seed oil. Jojoba oil is
extremely mois turizing and closely resembles the oil our bodies produce
naturally, so it calms skin with little threa t of reactions. Grape seed oil is perfect
for damaged or stressed tissues, possessing regenerative and restructuring
qualities which allow better control of skin’s moisture retention.
A good hand massage
should be performed with proper power and rate.
Always ask the client if they would prefer a firmer
or lighter touch. Leave the question open ended to
get the correct response. Only calm motions
guarantee the feeling of relaxation. Massage
according to the direction of blood vessels and
towards the heart. There should be greater
pressure massaging toward the heart, and lighter
moving away from the heart. Circle around
joints. If any motion is broken, start again from the beginning, supporting the
hand of the client with your free hand. Repeat motions 3 to 5 times.
Massage Impact
The basic massage motions are: effleurage, (long continuous movement),
petrissage (kneading), wringing or friction (deep rubbing to the muscles) rotation,
as well as rubbing and vibrating techniques. During effleurage, non-living
epidermis (skin) is exfoliated. Throughout the massage, blood circulation is
stimulated supplying the skin with much-needed oxygen, leaving it wellnourished.
Effleurage is that motion that should begin and finish the massage treatment. It
should also interweave every single motion. Depending on a particular hand part,
you can massage it with your finger tips or the whole palm. The rubbing motion is
circular or half-circular along the muscles. Use all finger tips & thumbs and do
spring-like motions. You can also massage the internal side of hand. Moving the
hand & fingers in forward, back and circular motions are passive. Don't forget
about supporting the client's hand with yours – the free one.
Motions: Step-By-Step
After this, squeeze the thenar eminence (body of muscle on the palm just beneath
the thumb) and the hypothenar (body of muscle on the palm just beneath the
pinkie finger), then use your knuckles.
Start with spreading lotion/oil over the client's hand smoothly.
With your thumb & index finger, rub every phalanx of the palm from the back
side.
Next, move the fingers from both sides and up and down to loosen them.
Finally, you need to effleurage the hand, sliding down it gently.
Afterwards you rub, squeeze and do vibrating and passive motions. Remember –
your motions
should always go towards the heart.
When moving away from the heart, use light strokes. Massage the metacarpus
(palm) with your whole hand.
HAND CONDITION:
•
•
•
Dry coarse hands
Cold clammy hands
Soft thin delicate hands
ENEMIES OF THE HAND:
Turn your hand around and start massaging the client’s hand palm using the back
side of your palm, before rubbing in a circular motion with your fingertips.
•
Sun culprit – is the biggest effect for ageing skin.
•
Water culprit – can remove the natural oil and cause dryness of the skin.
TIPS:
•
•
•
Wear gloves whenever you can.
Hand cream to moisturize the skin.
Pamper the hand by visiting to salon twice a month for hand spa.
MASSAGE TECHNIQUES
•
•
•
•
•
Effleurage
Petressage
Friction
Tapotement
vibration
Benefits of Paraffin Wax
stiffness and reduce pain. They're also used to treat bursitis, tendonitis, sprains
and pulled muscles
Materials:
Mask, smock gown, apron, towel, finger bowl, container for cotton, hand towel,
hand cream or hand lotion, sanitized towel, cleanser, disinfectant, alcohol,
mittens, cling wrap, small basin, hand spa machine,paraffin wax, softening
lotion, paraffin wax, soap, scrub lotion, liniment oil, olive oil, aromatherapy oil,
rubbing alcohol.
OBJECTIVES:
I.
You may already be familiar with paraffin wax treatments at spas and nail salons -
- it's a luxurious addition to a manicure or pedicure. But you may be surprised
at what else paraffin wax is used to treat.
Paraffin wax is a common option in heat therapy treatments for people with
arthritis or other rheumatic diseases -- the heat helps increase blood flow and
relax the muscles, which can help relieve caused by arthritis, osteoarthritis
and fibromyalgia.
Paraffin wax can even soften hardened skin caused by scleroderma, a disease in
which collagen accumulates on the body -- it increases the skin's elasticity,
allowing for increased movement and mobility, especially on the skin covering
the hands
But the benefits of paraffin wax don't stop there. Because paraffin wax treatments are
a form of heat therapy, they're often used for muscle, tendon and ligament ailments. As
with conditions like arthritis, they increase blood flow, improve joint
Prepare
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Client
Check and analyze hand and nail condition.
Prepare necessary tools and materials
Provide Personal Protective clothing
Set hand spa machine
Set the machine to regulate the heat.
Put the paraffin wax into the machine.
Melt the wax.
Precautions:
•
•
•
Proper hygiene is observed.
Correct procedure is followed.
Correct timeline is followed.
II.Perform Hand Spa
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Wash arms and hands with warm water
Soap both arms/hand
Wash hands using sponge
Towel dry hands
Scrub arms/hands with hand scrub (using effleurage stroke)
Wash both arms hand
Towel dry arm/ hands
Test the melted wax if the heat is tolerated.
Submerge the hand into 4 seconds in 3 times.
Wrap the hand with cling wrap.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Put on the mittens in the hand.
Remove paraffin wax after 10 min.
Apply hand softening or hand lotion
Massage using 5 basic stroke of hand massage.
Clean up
Precautions:
•
•
•
Proper setting of machine is observed.
Correct procedure is followed.
Comfort and safety is performed.
III.Hand Care Maintenance
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dispose used wax including waste product.
Clean and sanitize tools and equipment.
Store tools, materials and equipment
Advice client on appropriate maintenance program.
Precautions:
•
•
•
Used products should be disposed.
Sanitize tools and equipment should be stored.
Service maintenance program should be advice
Hand Spa
Instructions: Answer the questions.
1. State the proper procedure on how to prepare
client. (5pts)
2. Enumerate proper procedure on how to perform
Hand Spa. (5pts)
3. What are the massage techniques in
performing hand spa? (5pts)
5. What is the benefit of Paraffin wax? (5pts)
8 Common Foot Problems
Foot Spa
1.Fungal and
Healthy Feet
Our feet are our primary contact point with the earth,
feet have to stand the wear and tear of everyday living.
As we age, we naturally develop more problems with our feet
due to normal daily wear and tear of joints, but also
because the skin starts to become thin and loses its
elasticity, as well as being dry and much more fragile.
As long as we take routine care of our feet, serious problems can usually be avoided,
however, ageing can also mean that we develop other conditions, such as diabetes and
arthritis, which in some cases can affect the foot and lead to requiring treatment.
Healing may also take longer.
Feet can start to show signs of ageing at any age if good routine foot care is not practiced,
but generally it is most common from your fifties onwards. General signs of ageing feet
include more regular aches and pains, developing bunions, signs of clawing of the toes
along with general circulatory problems.
Bacterial
Conditions
-Types include Athlete’s Foot, Foot Abscess etc.
2.Dry skin
-Makes the affected area feel itchy, tight, and even painful.
3.Corns and
Calluses
-Have a distinct, often hard, center, which may be surrounded by inflamed skin.
An annual foot health check is as important as a sight or hearing test. Conditions like
diabetes or circulatory problems can all be picked up by looking at the feet and common
problems like corns, cracked skin and ingrown toenails can be successfully treated.
For many people, sore feet are a part of daily life, especially if you have a job that requires
you to spend many hours per day on your feet. Even if you work at a desk all day, it is
likely you encounter stress regularly and need some time to unwind. A foot spa is a great
way to help you pamper yourself after a stress-filled day, as it improves the process of
reflexology, which can benefit your entire body.
CAUTION!
Please be aware that therapists and beauty technicians are only licensed to beautify the
client and relieve stress, and not to diagnose or treat diseases and disorders. Please
advise the client seek the advice of their physician or dermatologist for a proper diagnosis
and medical treatment.
4.Warts
-Skin growths caused by viruses. They are sometimes painful and, if
untreated, may spread.
• Ankle or toe rotation technique
• Caterpillar technique
• Stroking or milking technique
• Feather stroke or healing procedure
Bunions
Equipments:
-A bulging bump on the outside of the base of your big toe.
FOOT SPA MACHINE
PUMICE STONE
6. Ingrown toenails
- It occurs when a sharp corner or edge of the toenail
digs into the skin at the end of or side of the toe.
FOOT FILE
7.Hammertoe
-Occurs when the middle joint becomes flexed or
downward due to weak tendons.
CALLUS REMOVER
bent
PERFORM FOOT SPA
8.Bone Spurs
Materials:
- Is growth of extra bone
• Basin, Gloves (for foot spa), Foot file, Foot stool, Mixing bowl, Brush, Pumice
stone, Foot scrub, Foot spa machine, Trolley, Basin, Foot towel, Sponge, Callus
scraper, Foot soak, Callous softener, Foot blush, Foot lotion
Benefits of Foot Spa:
• Relieves Stress
• Can help with health problems such as arthritis, insomnia, and acid indigestion.
• Increase blood circulation
Massage Techniques:
OBJECTIVES:
I. Prepare Client
1. Check and analyzed foot and nail condition.
2. Wash feet with soap and water.
3. Set foot spa machine.
Precautions:
• Proper hygiene is observed.
• Correct procedure is followed.
• Correct timeline is followed
II. Perform Foot Spa
1. Analyze the foot condition.
2. Soak feet with lukewarm water into basin for 5min
3. Brush the nail, then wash the feet and towel dry
4. Put callous softener unto callous area of the sole using cotton pads.
5. Leave the solution on the foot until the callous soften.
6. Wash the foot using sponge.
7. Scrape the callous using the foot scraper.
8. Sponge the feet with water
9. Rub the sole using the pumice stone.
10. File the sole with foot filer.
11. Sponge the feet with clean water.
12. Scrub the feet using foot scrub.
13. Wash the feet
14. Submerge feet in foot spa machine with warm water
15. Towel dry the feet.
16. Apply foot mask lower legs down to feet
17. Wrap leg using cling wrap
18. Wash legs with warm water
19. Pat legs with warm towel
20. Put antiseptic foot blush to the sole
21. Apply Foot lotion from legs down to the sole.
22. Massage the legs and feet.
23. Wipe the feet with clean towel.
24. Clean up.
Precautions:
• Proper setting of machine is observed.
• Comfort and safety are performed.
III. Post Treatment Activity
1. Disinfect tools, equipment, supplies and materials.
2. Store materials in appropriate places.
3. Assess outcome of treatment against client’s requirement.
4. Advice clients on after care and home products.
5. Sanitize workstation.
6. Prepare workstation for the succeeding activity.
7. Dispose wastes according to OHSC requirements.
Precautions:
• Use code of ethics.
• Ensure availability of the products.
Foot Spa
Instructions: Answer the following questions.
1. What are the common foot problems? (8pts)
2. What are the benefits of foot spa? (3pts))
3. What are the proper procedure of perform foot
spa? (24pts)
Body Scrub
Body scrub is a popular body treatment that is like a facial for the body.
It exfoliates and hydrates your skin, leaving it smooth and soft.
Glowing skin
A very important and main step if you want glowing and smooth skin. It’s recommended
to exfoliate skin two to three times in a week to get radiant and healthy skin. Our skin
generates a new layer every week and exfoliating removes the upper layer (or dead skin)
so that the innermost layer can breathe.
A body scrub is done with an abrasive material like salt, sugar, coffee grounds,
rice bran, even pecan hulls, usually mixed with some kind of massage oil and
an aromatic substance like essential oils.
The exfoliation is usually followed by a shower and an application of body lotion.
Different type of Scrubs/Exfoliation:
Exfoliation will stimulate the skin through microcirculation, thus improving the
detoxification process and improve the penetration of cosmetics applied on the skin and
absorption of the benefits of body treatments that are applied afterwards (Slimming
products, self-tanning).
It is very important to do regular exfoliation in the winter season (at least 2 to 3 times
a week for less sensitive skin) when the skin is aggressed by the cold and dry climate.
TIP: Before leaving on vacation to a warm location like the beach, it is very important to
do a scrub to achieve a uniform tan.
• Mechanical Scrub (Sea Salt or Vegetable extract)
• Chemical Scrub (AHA fruit acids)
CAUTION!
Salt and other exfoliants can be abrasive, and some therapists have a heavier
hand than others which would result in an increase of pressure. Individuals
also differ in their skin sensitivity.
Talk to your client to make sure that they’re
comfortable.
NOW YOU KNOW!
Many states allow estheticians and even people without any kind of license to
do body scrubs and other body treatments because it is not a massage.
A Body Scrub usually takes place in a wet room with a tile floor and a drain. It will
start with the client, naked, face-down on a massage table that is covered with a
towel, a thin sheet of plastic, or on a special wet table with a shower overhead. In
that case the client won't have to get up to be rinsed off.
The therapist will start by gently rubbing the exfoliant on the back, the backs of
the arms and the backs of the legs and feet of the client in a circular motion.
The client may be draped with a towel so only the part the therapist is working
on is exposed. After one side the client will turn over with the assistance of the
therapist.
When the therapist is finished, the clients would usually step into a shower to
rinse off the scrub. Be sure to instruct the client rinse thoroughly so they
don't take little granules back to the table.
It is advisable that the client don't use shower gel as it's good to keep the oil and
aromatics on your skin. If the spa is doing the treatment on a wet table, the
therapist will either rinse the client off with a hand-held shower, or turn on a
Vichy shower.
Once the client steps into the shower, the therapist should replace the soiled
sheets and put clean ones on the treatment table. The client is then dried off
and laid face-down on the treatment table draped underneath a sheet or towel,
then the therapist applies body lotion or oil.
NOTES:
When performing body scrubs in a room without a shower and remove
the exfoliant with steamed towels.
Body scrub is often the first step in a body wrap, often a seaweed,
mud wrap, or a signature treatment.
Body scrubs are usually accompanied with a massage because it
is abrasive, whereas the massage soothes and calms the skin.
For Dry skin
Exfoliation is as important as cleansing in a skincare regimen. It is essential to
whisk away dead skin cells from the surface of our skin and make it radiant but
one should not go overboard with exfoliation as excess exfoliation will irritate
and strip the skin of its natural oils.
(Coffee, sugar, ripe banana)
For Oily skin
People with oily skin suffer from acne, whiteheads and blackheads quite often so
scrubbing become more essential. You should choose a scrub which removes
dead skin and excessive oil so that no dirt and grime is left in the pores.
(Oatmeal, yogurt and honey)
For Sensitive skin
Use a non-abrasive/chemical exfoliant. Large granules lift away dead cells
but they redden and irritate the skin.
(Oatmeal, white sugar and almond oil/AHA scrubs)
Benefits of Body Scrub:
• Help to maintain a beautiful and even skin tone.
• Help to improve the smoothness of the skin
• Glowing skin
• Helps the skin to regenerate the its healthiness
• Exfoliates the dead skin cells that absorb all kinds of impurities
• Improves the natural circulation of blood and bodily fluids.
• Improve the look of aging and cellulites.
• Relaxing
Precautions:
Do not to use a scrub during summer.
Do not use scrub to sensitize skin.
Do not exfoliate a skin with sunburn.
NOTE: Always scrubbing can irritate the skin, as it destroys the natural hydro lipid film
that protects the skin against dehydration, which is why it is important to follow with a
body repairing product/moisturizer that softens and soothes irritations and restores the
protective film.
Precautions:
•
-Observe proper hygiene
• Correct timeline is followed.
• Client safety and comfort is ensured.
• Procedure is properly observed.
II. Perform body scrub
1. Position client lying prone position
2. Keep the privacy of the client secured
PERFORM BODY SCRUB
3. Wash the body, mixed body wash and warm water using sponge or hand towel
from shoulder to toe.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
4. Apply scrubbing product on the body to and fro motion
Mask, Smock gown, Apron, Bath towel, Hand towel,
5. Scrub the body using body scrubs while the beauty therapist wearing hand
scrubber.
Sanitized towel cleanser, Pillow, Stool, Basin, Headband, Exfoliating/Scrubbing gloves,
Bedsheets, Scrubbing product/Exfoliant, Body lotion, Body Wash, Shorts, Slippers, Bath
robe.
OBJECTIVES AND PROCEDURES
6. Use effleurage stroke on body in motion according to salon procedures
7. Sponge the body with clean water.
8. Drape the body to keep the modesty of the client.
I. Prepare client
9. Change the position of the client on lying supine position
1. Check and analyze client’s skin condition.
10. Keep the privacy of the client secured.
2. Administer skin test to prevent possible contradictions.
11. Wash the body, mixed body wash and warm water using sponge or hand towel
from shoulder to toe.
3. Advice client to remove personal accessories to achieve optimum result.
4. Check workstation thoroughly.
5. Prepare tools and equipment according to the service requirements.
6. Provide client with protective clothing.
7.Submerge the feet in the basin with warm water before performing body scrub and
towel dry.
12. Scrub the body using body scrubs while the beauty therapist wearing hand
scrubber
13. Ensure safety and comfort to the client
14. Perform scrubbing with the same manner following correct timeline.
15. Sponge the body with clean water.
16. Drape the body and advise to go shower.
17. Clean up the laboratory area.
Precautions:
• Properly check the client’s present condition.
• Observe proper hygiene.
III. Perform final checking and polish output
1. Check the result according to the client’s desired outcome.
2. Apply body lotion
3. Advice client with appropriate maintenance progress.
4. Consult and prepare client for other possible skin
enhancement/improvement activity.
5. Store used supplies and materials scrub products and dispose according
to OHSC requirements.
6. Sanitize workstation.
7. Prepare workstation for the next salon activity.
• Client advised is observed.
• Proper hygiene is observed.
Body Scrub
Instructions: Answer the question.
1. What are the proper procedures on how to
prepare client/s? (5pts)
2.What are the proper on how to perform body
scrub? (5pts)
3. What are the appropriate procedures on how
to perform final checking on Body Scrubs?(5pts)
Body Massage
Relaxed Body
Massage therapy involves the manipulation of soft
body tissues with pressure, tension, motion or
vibration. In addition to various parts of the body,
massage can be performed with the aid of
mechanical aids, oils and lotions. It is one of the
oldest forms of promoting good health. There are
over eighty different types’ massages.
Aromatherapy massage
-Has a more holistic approach to the massage and may include some of the
principles on the list above, yet will concentrate on more relaxing strokes, but of
prime importance is the selection of essential oil/s used during the massage, since
they are chosen for their therapeutic effect, and not the fragrance. The massage
manipulation of soft tissue is what we refer to when talking about massaging, but
with aromatherapy introduce the power of essential oils into the equation to bring
their intrinsic therapeutic properties to the massage. Massage is beneficial in more
ways than simply being relaxing, and helps with various aspects.
Swedish
-This method of massaging is the most popular type of
massage and includes a variety of strokes and was
developed by Swede Professor
Pehr Henrick Ling. This type of massage is beneficial to
promote the feeling of well-being and also helps to reduce
emotional and physical stress.
Neuromuscular massage
-This way of massaging forms the basis of aromatherapy
massage and evolved from the work of Stanley Leif. It is
also referred to as "Trigger point" therapy and the overall
effect of this massage is to restore the balance of the
autonomic nervous
system.
Lymphatic massage
-This massage helps to improve the flow of lymph and
some techniques developed by Marguerite Maury are
incorporated in aromatherapy massage. Lymph
drainage massage is particularly useful in detoxifying the body and to boost the
immune system.
Acupressure massage and Shiatsu
-This method of massage is focused on the meridians
(channels) of the body and to relieve "blockages" through
pressure on certain points of the body. It can be performed
while the person is fully clothed and requires no needles
such as in acupuncture
Reflexology
-In reflexology the feet (although the rest of the
body can also be used) are manipulated and
massaged and focus is placed on certain points on
the feet that are said to have corresponding body
parts or organs.
-This technique was developed by Dr. William
Fitzgerald focuses on massaging the fascia - the
connective tissue enclosing the muscles - to bring
the body in alignment again.
Do not massage if the person:
•
Recently consumed a large meal, alcohol or
addictive substances
•
Underwent surgery, unless with the permission of
his/her medical doctor
•
Suffers from heart attacks or strokes should at most
only receive a very gentle massage to help circulation
Has cancer
Has a fever or infectious disease
•
•
•
•
•
•
Has varicose veins, do not massage directly over the
varicose veins
Has thrombosis or phlebitis
Has inflamed joints, gout, arthritic or rheumatoid
pain, rather massage above the area and not on the
site as it would be too painful
If the person is pregnant, first obtain
permission from the doctor to massage.
What are Vital Signs?
Vital Signs are measures of various physiological statics, often
taken by health professionals order to assess the most basic
body functions.
•
Body temperature
•
Pulse Rate
• Respiration Rate (Rate of breathing)
• Blood Pressure
Terms:
Supine – a position of the
body lying with face up.
Prone – position of the body lying
down with facing down.
Body Temperature -It is the degree of heat maintained by the body or it is the
balance between heat produced in the tissues and heat lost to the
environment.
-Body temperature range normally at 98.6 F or 37 C̊ in humans; usually
measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health.
Side-lying – a position of the body
on one side
Pulse Rate –Taking a pulse rate is checking the number of times the heart beats
per minute. The rate pulse for healthy adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per
minute.
Posterior - situated behind (back); situated at or toward the hind part of the body
Respiration rate– is the number of breaths a person takes per minute; usually
determined by counting the number of times the chest rises or falls per minute.
-A normal respiration would be 15-20 breaths per minute. (Cycle per minute)
Blood Pressure - the pressure of the blood in the circulatory system, often
measured for diagnosis since it is closely related to the force and rate of
the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls
A normal blood pressure is 120 over 80 mm/hg (Normal blood pressure for
adults is defined as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic
pressure below 80 mmHg)
Systole – contraction of the heart
Diastole – relaxation of the heart
Anterior – refers to the front surface of the body
Two basic types of draping
1. Plain, Full sheet or Flat draping –
the top sheet is placed in the same
manner that a bed is made. The entire
body is covered.
2. Contour or diaper draping – it can be
done with two towels
Benefits of Massage:
1. Physical – it improves good circulation
2. Emotional – relaxes the mind and body
3. Psychological – helps meet the need for touch
Five (5) Basic Strokes of Swedish massage:
1. Effleurage (Gliding Strokes)
-Unbroken gliding movements repeated
following the contour of the body using:
A. Palm
B. Knuckles
C. Fingertips
D. Forearms
Variations:
• One-handed (raking, ironing, circular)
• Two-handed (heart, circular)
• Alternate-hand (raking, circular)
• Nerve Stroke
Benefits
• Warms bodily tissues
• Relaxes the client and prepares for deeper strokes
• Soothes as area after deep work
• Addresses places too painful for deep work
• Calm the nervous system when done slowly
• Stimulate the nervous system when done quickly
• Relieves insomnia
• Soothes tired and achy muscle
2. Petrissage
-From French word Petri which means to mash or to
knead. This stroke consists of cycle of rhythmic
lifting, squeezing and releasing of tissue.
Benefits
• Increase of blood flow
• Working out of metabolic waste
• Reducing local swelling
• Relieving general fatigue
• Improving Cellular nutrition
• Mechanically lengthen the muscle
• Addressing the tension under the surface
• Reducing muscle soreness and stiffness
• Softening superficial fascia
Variations:
• One-Handed
• Two-handed (ocean wave, praying hand)
• Alternate Hand
• Pulling
• Skin Rolling
3. FRICTION –
-Other term is rubbing. It is the compressing of
tissues in several directions; sliding hands, palm, finger,
knuckles back and forth over the skin or deeper tissue
layers, usually dry, with or with oil.
-an accurately delivered penetrating pressure
applied through fingertips
Benefits
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Generating Heat
Loosening stiffness in joints
Improving the glandular action of the skin
Promoting proper scar formation
Breaking down and freeing adhesions
Softening hyperplasia
Reducing trigger and tender point
formation
Variations:
• Superficial Warming (sawing)
• Rolling
• Wringing
• Cross fiber
• Chucking
• Circular
4. TAPOTEMENT
– From the old French word Taper, meaning to tap in
which the sides of the hands are used to strike
the surface of the skin in rapid succession to
improve circulation.
- Other term is Percussion - it is the repetitive
staccato movements of hands, simultaneously
or alternately using:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ulnar surface of hand
fingertips
open palm
cupped palm
loosely closed fist
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Benefits
Stimulate nerve endings initially
Aid in decongesting the lungs
Tone atrophied muscles
Increase local blood flow
Access deeper structure as hip rotator
Create an ultrasound manually
Desensitize a hypersensitive area
Variations:
•
Tapping (punctuation, pulsing, raindrops)
Clapping/slapping
Pinching
Diffused
Hacking (quacking)
Pounding
Cupping
•
•
•
•
•
•
5.
VIBRATION
- A vibration is a shaking motion. It is a rapid
shaking, quivering, trembling or rocking movement
applied with the fingertips, full hand.
-periodic back-and-forth motion of the particles of
an elastic body or medium,
Benefits
• Stimulates muscle spindles
• Relieves upper respiratory tract congestion
• Stimulates peristalsis of the large intestine
• Moves gas in the lower GIT
• Stimulates synovial fluid production in joints
• Access deeper structures as hip rotators
• Reduces trigger and tender point
activity Variations
• Fine
• Jostling
• Rocking
Complimentary Therapies:
By definition, the term complimentary refers to the approaches or therapies
that are used in addition to conventional medical
treatments; for example, the use of
acupuncture or massage with physical therapy
and medications in patients who have chronic
pain syndromes.
•
•
•
•
•
Shiatsu – Finger pressure
Accu-pressure
Acupuncture
Aromatherapy
Reflexology
• Hilot Wellness
• Yoga
• Chiropractic
Absolute Contra-indications
1. Fever
2. Cancer
3. Drug or Alcohol Intoxication
4. Infectious or Contagious Diseases
5. Pregnancy (1ṣṫ trimester)
6. Hypertension
7. Post-Operative Recovery
Local Contra-indications
1. Burns
2. Cuts
3. Bruise
4. Open wounds
5. Varicose veins
6. Skin Diseases
Endangerment Sites
-An endangerment site is a region of the body in which nerves, arteries or veins lay
close to the body’s surface. These areas are not well protected by muscle or
connected tissue and have the potentially to be damaged. Deep pressure either
sustained or through friction, it would be contraindicated for the vessels and nerves
in these areas.
NOTE:
• Massage should begin at the left side where the heart is located.
• It always in going up direction for a better blood circulation
SWEDISH MODALITY SEQUENCE
PRONE POSITION
Back Area
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Ironing 3x (using your both palm)
Thumb effleurage (both thumb)
Knuckles 3x
Heart shape effleurage
Alternating palm effleurage
Palm on palm effleurage
Petrissage-kneading
Transverse to the other side
Vibration 10x, heart shape effleurage
3x (go to the right side)
Heart shape effleurage
Alternating palm to palm effleurage
Palm on palm effleurage
Petrissage-kneading
Transverse to the other side
Vibration 10x, heart shape effleurage
3x
Buttocks
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Palm effleurage (both palm)
One palm effleurage
Petrissage-kneading
Circular friction-face back, face up
Palm effleurage (both palm)
Upper leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Palm to palm effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, medial, outer) 3x
Knuckles (inner, medial, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Palm to palm effleurage (whole leg)
Palm pressure, wringing going up
•
Interval palm to palm effleurage whole leg
Lower leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering 3x
Palm to palm effleurage
Alternating V-shape effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, medial, outer) 3x
Petrissage-kneading
Palm to palm effleurage
Pulling using your thenar
Palm pressure, wringing going up
Interval palm to palm effleurage whole leg
Lift the leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Thumb effleurage (inner, medial) 3x
Circular friction
Alternating V-shape effleurage
One palm effleurage
Dorsal area-circular friction; digital-thumb effleurage
Reflex or finger walking
Tapotement 3x, fist your hand
Range of motion 3x
Vibration 5 seconds
•
Palm to palm effleurage 3x, throw the negative energy
Foot (Plantar)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Achilles heels circular friction (in, out)
Thumb effleurage 3x
Thumb pressing-thumb pad (big toe, small toes)
Knuckles 3x
Thumb walking going up
Palm to palm effleurage whole leg 3x
Face Back
•
•
Put little amount of oil
Feathering
• Ironing3x (using your both palm)
•
•
•
Thumb effleurage 3x
Knuckles 3x
Heart shape effleurage 3x
Scapula
•
•
•
Thumb effleurage & palm effleurage
Circular friction
Palm on palm effleurage then side to left arm
Upper arm
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Thumb effleurage 3x, circular friction (inner, medial, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Alternating V-shape effleurage
Lower arm
•
•
•
•
Thumb effleurage 3x
Circular friction
Petrissage0kneading
Alternating V-shape effleurage
Palmar area
•
•
Circular friction (both thumb)
Chucking-thumb pressing
Reverse (going up)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Thumb effleurage 3x, circular friction
Petrissage-kneading
Alternating V-shape effleurage
Thumb chucking-fingers; thumb effleurage going up
Nape area
•
•
Petrissage-nape area
One thumb effleurage/ one palm effleurage-trapezius area
•
Circular friction-upper back (both thumb), slide down palm effleurage
• Ironing, thumb effleurage, knuckles, heart shape effleurage 3x
• Dry massage, tapotement-hacking, quacking, cupping, pounding-whole body
Dorsal area
SUPINE POSITION
Stomach
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Circular friction
Thumb effleurage, thumb pressing and pulling
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Centering (using your both palm)
Chakra-palm effleurage 10x
Push and pull 4x; circular motion 10x, vibration 5 sec.
Ocean wave 4x
Brush stroke 3x
Chest
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Palm on palm effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, medial, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Knuckles 3x
•
•
•
Ocean wave
Circular friction whole leg
•
•
•
Lifting the leg-thumb effleurage, circular friction
One palm effleurage
Clockwise and counter clockwise5xpressed 5 sec. going to
client’s chest.
Putting down slowly
Upper leg
•
•
Palm on palm effleurage-whole leg 3x throw bad energy
Note: same procedure from the left leg to the right leg
Lower leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Palm on palm effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Alternating V-shape effleurage
One palm effleurage calf area
Side of the knee thumb effleurage, petrissage
Interval palm to palm effleurage
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Slide to arm, going to nape area 3x, palm effleurage (both
palm)
Thumb effleurage
Palm effleurage 3x then slide to nape area
Neck area thumb/ palm effleurage 3x, slide to arm then
going to nape area, palm effleurage (same at the right neck)
Interval both palm effleurage 3x
SUPINE POSITION
Stomach
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Centering (using your both palm)
Chakra-palm effleurage 10x
Push and pull 4x; circular motion 10x, vibration 5 sec.
Ocean wave 4x
Brush stroke 3x
Upper leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Palm on palm effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, medial, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Knuckles 3
•
•
Ocean wave
Circular friction whole leg
• Lifting the leg-thumb effleurage, circular friction
• One palm effleurage
• Clockwise and counter clockwise5xpressed 5 sec. going to client’s chest.
• Putting down slowly
• Palm on palm effleurage-whole leg 3x throw bad energy
Note: same procedure from the left leg to the right leg
Lower leg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Palm on palm effleurage
Thumb effleurage, circular friction (inner, outer)
Petrissage-kneading
Alternating V-shape effleurage
One palm effleurage calf area
Side of the knee thumb effleurage, petrissage
Interval palm to palm effleurage
Dorsal area
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Circular friction
Thumb effleurage, thumb pressing and pulling
Chest
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oil
Feathering
Slide to arm, going to nape area 3x, palm effleurage (both palm)
Thumb effleurage
Palm effleurage 3x then slide to nape area
Neck area thumb/ palm effleurage 3x, slide to arm then going to nape
area, palm effleurage (same at the right neck)
Interval both palm effleurage 3x
Body Massage
Instructions: Answer the questions.
1. What are the benefits of effleurage? (10pts)
4. What are the benefits of Tapotement? (10pts)
2. What are the benefits of Petrissage? (10pts)
5. What are the benefits of vibration? (10pts)
3. What are the benefits of Friction? (10pts)
Facial treatment
Human anatomy
Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that can cause a variety of skin rashes. Silver,
scaly plaques on the skin are the most common form
Dandruff: A scaly condition of the scalp may be caused by seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis,
or eczema.
The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a
total area of about 20 square feet. The skin
protects us from microbes and the elements,
helps regulate body temperature, and permits
the sensations of touch, heat, and cold.
Skin has three layers:
• The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin,
provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.
• The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles,
and sweat glands.
• The deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of fat and connective tissue.
The skin’s color is created by special cells called melanocytes, which produce the pigment
melanin. Melanocytes are located in the epidermis.
The body programmed to age and nothing can do to the internal clock! The good news is,
there’s a lot you can do to slow down the visible results of the process and keep your
skin looking better longer.
As we age, our faces begin to show the effects of gravity, sun exposure and years of
facial muscle movement. Despite the new products and advanced technology
today, there is only so much we can do to curb this. Dramatic results can be
achieved with face-lifts and reshaping, but there are less-invasive rejuvenating
techniques like freezing, filling.
Skin Conditions
Rash: Nearly any change in the skin’s appearance can be called a rash. Most rashes
are from simple skin irritation; others result from medical conditions.
Dermatitis: A general term for inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis (a type
of eczema) is the most common form.
Acne: The most common skin condition, acne affects over 85% of people at some time in life
Age is not sure guarantee against pimples or acne. In fact, many people only experience acne for
the first time in their adult years; recent studies show that 40-50% of adults between the ages
of 20-40 are diagnosed with low-grade persistent acne. The exact cause of acne cannot be
appointed. A number of factors seem to have an effect, including genetics, hormones physiology,
stress and the use of certain cosmetics.
Cellulitis: Inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, usually due to an infection.
A red, warm, often painful skin rash generally results.
Skin abscess (boil or furuncle): A localized skin infection creates a collection of pus under
the skin. Some abscesses must be opened and drained by a doctor in order to be cured.
Rosacea: A chronic skin condition causing a red rash on the face. Rosacea may look like acne,
and is poorly understood. Referred to as acne rosacea but is not the same as acne.
Characterized by red and inflamed skin, particularly on the cheeks, forehead and chin, it may
begin as a tendency to blush or flush easily and progresses to persistent redness. It’s most
common to women between the ages of 30 to 50 some cases have been associated with
menopause.
Warts: A virus infects the skin and causes the skin to grow excessively, creating a wart. Warts may
be treated at home with chemicals, duct tape, or freezing, or removed by a physician.
Melanoma: The most dangerous type of skin cancer, melanoma results from sun damage
and other causes. A skin biopsy can identify melanoma.
Whiteheads– oil and dead cells accumulate and block the pores from opening onto
the surface of the skin.
Blackheads– are similar to whiteheads except the blocked materials protrude above the
skin, dilating the pore. The black color is due to the oxidation process that occurs within
the follicle.
Papules– are inflammation under the skin. The sebum build up too much in the
follicles and expand eventually bursts, and release the sebum and dead cell build up
into the surface of the skin.
Eczema: Skin inflammation (dermatitis) causing an itchy rash. Most often, it’s due to an
Scars– results when damaged skin tries to heal itself. Naturally, scars can be severely
overactive immune system.Also called dermatitis describes a family of itchy, red skin condition, aggravated by picking or squeezing.
chronic dryness, chapping and itching.
Cysts – inflammation spreads deep into the skin and it contains the cell automatically form
a fibrous capsule around it.
Vitiligo – skin disease manifests as white patches on the surface of the skin due to a
losses of pigment.
Pigmentation – unbalanced pigment is very common result of years of sun
worshipping or skin trauma.
Hormones and skin – pregnant women have the additional hormones that can
cause many changes in the skin. While a beautiful rosy glow is associated with the first
trimester.
Two types of aging
Intrinsic – is the natural, biological process which we have control.
Extrinsic – is a result of external causes, in particular photo aging the exposure to
UV LIGHT and POLLUTION.
Three types of wrinkles:
• Static wrinkles – are with you all the time, even your face is at rest.
• Dynamic wrinkles – are created by your facial expressions.
• Folds – are begin lines that develop when the skin losses its youthful elasticity and
to sag.
Botox
Has become the treatment of choice to get rid of expression lines those that form when
your frown, smile or laugh. It is a neurotoxin produced from blocker, temporarily
paralyzing the muscles and so keeping them from contracting.
2 types of Botox
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Freezers – it “freezes” the expression muscle, your ability to move the
muscle temporarily disappears along with the wrinkles.
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Fillers – it injected into the skin to fill lines and wrinkles and build and plump up
areas like lips and cheeks.
FACIAL TREATMENTS
Is one of the most enjoyable and relaxing services.
When taken regularly facial results in very noticeable
improvement in the client’s skin tone, texture and
appearance. The cosmetologist does not treat skin
diseases. However you must be able to recognize the
various skin ailmentsand you must also know when
to advise the client to see a physician for treatment.
(Refer to the type of skin problems)
Galvanic Facial Treatment
–works to improve blood flow and lymphatic drainage in the areas it is
applied on. This helps the skin cleanse itself naturally. Moreover, if you’re
dealing with impurities, the ions used in this treatment neutralize them.
While going for a galvanic facial, it is important to know whether or not it
is suitable for you. Generally, it is said to be suitable for almost every
type of skin, including sensitive and acne-prone skin. It is a facial which
uses soft electric currents for stimulating, refreshing and rejuvenating
your skin. This facial makes use of a process called “iontophoresis” and
that is why, galvanic facial is also known as galvanic iontophoresis facial. Charged particles
are electrically transported into the deeper layers of your skin through gels, which also
contain negative and positive charges. In fact, it is said that this kind of facial is not just
restricted to your facial skin; galvanic facial may be done to skin on many other parts of
your body.
Positive charge ions (positive)neutralizes free radicals
Negative charges ions (cathode)remove toxins. This process
happens when negatively charged
ions draw and encapsulate toxins,
preparing them to be removed.
Phase two of the treatment pulls
the encapsulated impurities from
the skin by attracting them with a
positive charge
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Firm skin
. Blood circulation is increased, which in turn nourishes the cells of
the skin.
Galvanic facial is not recommended for you if:
You
You
You
You
You
are diabetic.
are pregnant.
have large metal implants in your body.
have a pacemaker.
have circulatory problems.
Follow the given steps:
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Tighten Your
Muscles
The alternation between positively and negatively charged ions makes
your muscles contract and expand rhythmically, which helps them keep
They’re elasticity. This means that you won’t be dealing with those
bothersome things known as wrinkles.
Detoxification:
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cleanse deeply of skin impurities that can cause dull and lifeless
appearance
helps to stave off free radical damaged and premature aging
Benefits of galvanic treatment
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reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles
helps restore sun damaged skin
tightening skin and clarifying skin
nourish the cells of the skin
increase blood circulation
“Non-surgical face lifts.”
It has anti-ageing properties.
It increases your skin’s capacity to absorb nutrients.
It aids penetration of skin care products into the deeper layers of
your skin.
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Cleanse your face and pat it dry.
Cover your skin with a thick layer of galvanic gel.
Now, the electronic instrument is to be placed on your face. Turn it on.
Glide the instrument gently over the face following circular motions. Start with
your forehead and keep continuing to your cheeks, then the nose and then
your chin.
Now, the excess gel needs to be wiped out with a wet towel.
Follow up with the moisturizer.
Galvanic Facial Warnings
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Follow the normal
structure of your bones
while using the machine.
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The area around the
eyes should be avoided.
▪ Be careful not to pull
your skin while using
the machine
High-frequency treatment
High-frequency treatment uses low-current high-frequency alternating currents,
delivered via a glass electrode. Because the high frequency current converts some
of the oxygen in the air into ozone, the treatment has a germicidal action, and is
also drying and warming. Consequently, the treatment is used to aid healing and
also to help desquamation (the skin's natural exfoliation) and stimulate sweat and
sebaceous glands. The high frequency facial is used by skin care professionals to
help treat and prevent stubborn acne, shrink enlarged pores, reduce the
appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, decongest puffy eyes, fade dark eye circles
and even rejuvenate the condition of the scalp and nourish hair follicles for
healthier hair growth.
Considered a timeless and essential skin rejuvenating treatment in the skin care
industry, high frequency stimulates cell renewal and assists with improved skin care
product penetration and absorption by gently warming the tissues of the skin.
High frequency facial machines
Work in conjunction with high frequency electrodes which are made of clear tempered
glass and come in a variety different shapes
and sizes to facilitate the treatment of various
contours of the face and body. When the high
frequency electrode is firmly inserted into the
high frequency hand piece, a gentle alternating
electrical current is generated by the high
frequency machine which then passes through
the attached glass electrode upon contact with
the skin. This contact ignites the inert gas
within the electrode which produces healing
electrical light energy and unstable oxygen
which instantly converts into purifying ozone.
In other words, when mixed with the air
outside of the electrode, the electrical current
infuses the
skin with rejuvenating oxygen molecules and a therapeutic zapping or tingling
sensation is experienced.
High frequency facial machines and devices
(Traditionally referred to as "violet rays") vary in design and appearance however
the underlying principle, technology, and operational functions are the same. Most
professional high frequency machines used in spas, salons and medical offices
operate at a frequency of 100,000-2500,000+ Hertz (cycles per second). Compact
versions of the technology may be purchased by professionals and home users
experienced in the application of high frequency.
The safe and gentle oscillating and oxygenating power of high frequency electrical
current has been shown to enhance blood circulation, increase collagen and
elastin production, eliminate toxins and acne-causing bacteria, encourage
lymphatic drainage, exfoliate dead skin cells and improve skin care product
absorption. The primary action of high frequency current is thermal (heat
producing) and is characterized by a high rate of oscillation.
Due to its rapid rate of oscillation, high frequency does not cause muscular
contractions - instead, it works on the principle of skin toning.
In treating aging skin, high frequency current firms and tones by causing a
circulation rush in addition to subtle tissue warming. These functions cause a
very safe and natural contraction of the underlying blood vessels and tiny muscle
groups. The dilation of the underlying vessels pushes away toxins, while the cells
enjoy a feast of increased nutrients and hydrating volume. This result is in an
increase in blood circulation and cell renewal as well as increased production
levels of Collagen and Elastin which soften and smooth away wrinkles, reduce
pore size and improve overall skin texture. The application of high frequency
current to the skin also promotes a natural cleansing and antibacterial action that
helps treat existing acne and prevents the onset of new acne. Clients experiencing
cystic acne will benefit greatly from the deep penetrating germicidal action of high
frequency. The skin is left feeling instantly energized, rosy, firm,
Refresh and noticeably softer - even after just one treatment. The enriched
oxygen molecules produced by high frequency machines are safe and have been
proven to be effective in helping to heal and restore the skin's health. High
frequency is used to treat a range of concerns from skin lesions, acne, waxing
procedures and cold sores to fine lines, sagging skin and puffy eyes. Common
areas of treatment include the face, neck and scalp but high frequency can be
used on the entire body including the back.
High frequency machine: main function
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Produce heat in targeted skin tissues
To rid the skin acne
Reduce appearance of wrinkles
Eliminate cellulite
Fade dark circles around the eyes
Improve hair growth through improving blood flow at the scalp
Reduce puffiness around the eyes
The next step is the peeling process.
Here, the machine pulses water into
the skin very quickly in order to
flush out dirt that has become
trapped in the pores.
At the discretion of the esthetician,
steam may also be used for a
'deeper clean.'
Skin rejuvenation
To enhance blood circulation
Increased elastin and collagen production
Killing of acne causing bacteria
Break up of dead skin cells
Improved lymphatic drainage
Improved absorption of the skin products
Ultrasonic machine
It is a paddle attached on the end
of it that uses a low-frequency
ultrasonic vibration to deeply
penetrate dirt and grime on the
face.
It is completely safe and highly
effective, with no downtime,
redness or pain.
It is used to loosen dead skin
cells. These dead skin cells tend
to dry out the skin and cause it to become dull in appearance and sheen.
The third step can be much
customized as the therapist applies a
natural Vitamin Serum to the face and
then uses the Ultrasonic Facial Machine to penetrate the face very deeply,
allowing it to reach deeper places normal serums generally do not.
The last step resembles the first step, but differs in that it allows the esthetician
to tone and lift the face.
Increasing Collagen Production helps to rejuvenate the muscles of the face.
Finally, a Finishing Masque and Toner are applied to lock in the natural beauty of
the guest's skin for a healthy and revitalized appearance.
Benefits
Recommended for all skin types
Treat Skin problems or acne
Works deeply into the skin
Allowing deeper cleaning
Anti-aging
Have Fantastic lifting properties
Method
Esthetician will take a few minutes to explain the process and what to expect
during the Ultrasonic Facial. They will also ask if there are any special treatments
such as Acne or Anti-aging, which the guest may wish to concentrate their
skincare efforts.
Session Length
Massage Skincare Sessions include five minutes for check in & initial consultation
as well as time to undress (as may be required). All sessions conclude with 5
minutes for post-consultation
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Materials:
Cleansing cream
Facial scrub
Mask
Gauze mask
Freshening lotion
Antiseptic lotion
Cleansing tissue
Absorbent cotton
Cotton swab and pledget
Cotton pads
Sponges
Tissue strips
Headband or head covering
Smack gown
Spatula
Facial steamer
Make-up tray
High frequency machine
Infrared
Magnifying lamp
5 Basic of Skin Care:
3.
Maintain neat, clean, sanitary condition in the facial work area and an ordinary arrangement
of supply.
4. For sanitary reasons you should never remove products from their containers with your
fingers. Obtain and arrange in an orderly manner all the items you will be using for the
facial before the client arrives.
5. Follow systematic procedures.
6. If your hands are cold, warm them before touching the client’s face.
7. Keep your nails smooth so as not to scratch the client’s skin.
Facial treatments are beneficial for:
1. Cleansing the skin
2. Increasing circulation
3. Activating glandular activity
4. Relaxing the nerves
5. Maintaining the muscle tone
6. Strengthening weak muscle tissue
7. Correcting skin disorders
8. Helping prevent the formation of wrinkles and aging
9. Softening and improving skin texture and complexion
Adding to the client’s confidence
Procedure:
Prepare client
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cleanse
Tone
Masks
Moisturize
Exfoliate to rejuvenate
Types of facial massage
Greet the client and ask to remove any jewelry for safety
Analyze the client’s face
Remove the make-up to determine skin type
Gather necessary tools, equipment and
materials Provide protective clothing
Circular movement – makes circular movements with your fingertips around the nostrils
and sides of the nose.
Drape the client
2. Linear movement – over the forehead, side fingers to temples rotate with pressure on upward
stroke.
Applying cleansing cream
3. Crisscross movement – start at one side of forehead and work back.
4. Stroking movement – side finger to center of forehead with slight pressure toward temple.
Start at the neck use both hands sweeping to spread the cleansing product
5. Brow and eye movement – place middle fingers at inner corner of eyes and index fingers over
brows. Slide to outer corner of eyes and back to inner corner.
upward on the chin, jaws, cheek base of nose to temples and along the sides and
the
Preparation for Facial Massage
bridge of the nose. Continue the sweeping upward movements between the brows and across
the forehead to the temples.
1. Help the client to relax by speaking in a quit and professional; manner. Explain the
benefits of the products and service, and answer any questions the client may have.
Take additional cleansing cream with spatula and blend into the neck,
2. Provide a quite atmosphere; work quietly and efficiently.
chest, and at the back with even strokes.
1.
Remove the cleansing cream
Moist towel of facial sponge to remove the cream from the forehead and followed
the contour of the face.
Apply facial scrub
Optional:
High frequency–apply to inflame surface in upward direction.
Current converts some of the oxygen in the air into ozone; the treatment has
a germicidal action, and is also drying and warming
Optional:
Gently apply facial scrub with a light massage on the entire face and neck then
remove with facial cloth or facial sponge.
Galvanic- apply Glide the instrument gently over the face following circular
motions. Start with your forehead and keep continuing to your cheeks, then the
nose and then your chin.
Steam the face
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Moist the towel with warm water/ Use Facial steamer to open the pores and
soften blackheads, whiteheads, and other debris. It helps to soften superficial
lines and increases blood circulation.
Apply moisturizer or protective lotion (sun block)
Then complete clean procedure.
Vacuum.Apply moisturizer or protective lotion
-Then complete clean procedure.
Comedon extractor
Gently prick or extract the blackheads or whiteheads with the sterilized
comedon extractor and gently press on affected area.
Cleanse the face with a wet cotton pad with sprinkled astringent.
OBJECTIVES:
I.
Prepare Client
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Apply medicated lotion or toner
Apply astringent with cotton pads with gentle stroke not including the open wounds
or affected with pimple.
Check and analyze facial skin condition.
Advise client on appropriate facial treatment option.
Provide client with protective clothing and gadgets.
Wash hands thoroughly and sanitize before performing activity.
Consult client to confirm health condition.
Optional: use ultrasonic machine-
Precautions:
• Do not forget to advice client to keep all accessories to be safe.
It is used to loosen dead skin cells. These dead skin cells tend to dry out the skin and cause
• Always ensure clients safety and comfort.
it to become dull in appearance and sheen
• Confirm client the products to be use.
Apply facial mask
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Apply treatment mask that suitable for the skin’s condition
Leave on the face for about 8 to 10 minutes
Remove the mask with moist towel with warm water
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Apply cold water with facial sponge or towel to close the pores
II.
Perform Facial Treatment
1.
Prepare treatment products according to salon procedures and
manufacturer’s instruction.
2. Perform appropriate cleaning technique and application of cleansing products.
3. Ensure client safety and comfort during the process.
4. Massage face thoroughly using different appropriate strokes.
5. Prescribe appropriate timeline for each step.
6. Check water level of facial steamer according to D.O.H rules and regulations.
Tone skin with manual or facial machine and apply with appropriate finishing facial
products
Precautions:
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Client is properly advised.
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Proper hygiene is observed.
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Appropriate procedure is performed.
III.Perform Post Treatment Activity
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Check result through visual or with the use of equipment.
Advise client on appropriate maintenance product and precautions.
Perform cleaning and sanitation of tools, materials and the work station.
Stored tools, materials and equipment as well as cleansing and treatment products.
Applied cold compress to the clients treated face.
Precautions:
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Stored treatment and cleansing products, tools and materials according to
safety and sanitation rules and regulations.
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Applied and selected appropriate treatment products in
standard sequence/procedure.
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Cleared and prepared work station for the next activity.
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Proper hygiene is observed.
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Correct timeline is followed.
Facial Treatment
Instructions: Answer the question.
3. What are the benefits of Galvanic? (5pts)
1. Explain the use of Galvanic machine. (5pts)
2. What do you mean by positive and negative change ions?
(5pts)
4. Enumerate the appropriate procedure of facial cleaning and
treatment. (5pts)
MAKE UP
FLAWLESS FACE
The main objective of a makeup application is to emphasize the client’s most
attractive and minimize their attractive facial features. It is important to analyze
each client’s face carefully and consider individual needs. The client’s natural
beauty can be enhanced by the proper coordination of facial makeup, hairstyle,
and clothing colors.
The selection of color determined the skin tones or pigments. It generally
classified the following description: very light or white, ivory, cream, pink, florid
(red tone), sallow (yellow tone), olive, tan, brown and ebony Selecting the
correct foundation color is of extreme importance to the success of the entire
makeup application.
*If properly applied, it provides a base of color harmony, evens out of the skin,
conceals minor imperfections, and protects the skin from dust, wind and weather
SKIN TONE
So important in choosing the right makeup, but you may be wondering just how
to go about identifying your own skin tone.
The skin's undertone is the warm, cool, or neutral hue that shows through the
surface color of skin. Although the surface color of skin changes depending on
sun exposure and other skin conditions like rosacea and acne, the skins
undertone remains consistent. Knowing whether your undertone is warm, cool or
neutral is the key to ensuring that your foundation matches your skin and color
products look natural, not contrived.
When foundation doesn’t properly match the skin’s undertone, the color stands
out as orange to copper, pink to rose, or ashen.
Determine skin tone
CONTOURING AND HIGHLIGHTING
Note:
Contouring your face helps define your features while Highlighting emphasizes.
Using both techniques create the appearance of higher cheekbones and a
slimmer nose and
Contouring can be achieved by using foundation that is a shade darker than the
base foundation.
chin. It's a technique that was popularized by celebrity makeup artists, but
with the right products and equipment
it's easy to do on your own. Once you've applied your contouring makeup,
remember to blend well for a flawless, natural look.
Same goes for highlighting but instead of going darker, use a shade that is a
little brighter than the base.
(Concealer may be used to highlight as well.)
DIFFERENT FACE SHAPE
It is important to keep the highlight and contour colors only a shade or two apart
from one another to create natural look.
To minimize a larger forehead– apply contour along the hairline and the temples
To enhance jawline– apply contour from under the earlobe along the jaw line
to the chin
To determine the tone of the client
To slim the face or higher cheekbones– apply contour from under the temple
along the underside of the cheekbone and stop directly under the center of the
apple of the cheek.
Swatch the foundation on the client’s jaw line and blend upward on the jaw
line, then downward on the side of the neck. When make-up is correctly
matched in color and blended smoothly, no line of demarcation should be seen.
To slim the nose– apply two lines of contour along the sides of the nose and
connect the two at the tip
To add depth to the eyelids– brush on contour from the lash line to the middle of
the eyelid.
A cosmetic powder applied to the face to set a foundation after application.
There is translucent sheer powder, and there is pigmented powder.
Certain types of pigmented facial powders are meant
be worn alone with no base foundation.
(Blend the foundation well avoiding contrast between the color of the face
and the neck.)
SELECTING THE RIGHT FOUNDATION
Powder sets the base makeup and gives an even
appearance. Besides setting the face, some powders
with sunscreen can also reduce skin damage
1.
from sunlight and environmental stress. It comes packaged either as a compact or as
loose powder. It can be applied with a sponge, brush, or powder puff. Uniform
distribution over the face is achieved more easily when a loose powder is applied.
Liquid foundation- Color is suspended in semi liquid delicate, light
oil. Most used type of foundation.
Because of the wide variation among human skin tones, there is a corresponding
variety of colors of face powder. There are also several types of powder. A
common powder used in beauty products is talc (or baby powder), which is
absorbent and provides toning to the skin.
Cream foundation- Gives natural look and lasting makeup. It is
formulated for normal, dry, or oily skin.
*Apply moisturizer before applying cake foundation, moisten the
facial sponge and apply using upward strokes and smoothing carefully
2.
*Apply one area of face at a time, using long smooth, upward strokes,
makeup brush or sponge is can be used to even the foundation
Stick foundation- is particularly useful in concealing minor skin
blemishes and discoloration.
*Pat over a blemish and blend into the surrounding area for more
natural look.
4.
Tinted Moisturizer- is useful in evening out skin tone, not heavy, sheer
coverage
*Apply in thin layers to avoid creasing and caking
3.
Enhances the skin’s natural color and makes it soft and velvety to touch. It should
coordinate with or match the natural skin tone and work well with the natural
foundation.
NOTE:
Translucent powder (colorless) blends with all foundations and will not turn to a
color when applied.
5.
DIFFERENT EYE SHAPES
CC Cream- stands for color correcting, light to medium coverage, is
useful for correcting redness and discoloration
Close Set Eyes
Cream-To-Powder Foundation- dry to a powdery finish. Creates a
matte look and are good for people with combination skin.
*Use a dry sponge to buff the foundation evenly on the face
6.
BB Cream- stands for beauty balm, similar to cc cream but less coverage
and contains extra ingredients that benefit the skin
7.
FACE POWDER
-Close set eyes are less than one eyeball width apart.
Downturned Eyes
-Downturned eyes have a slight dropping on the outer
corners.
Monolids
-Feature an extra layer of skin that droops over
the crease, causing the lid to appear smaller.
Wide Set Eyes
-Wide set eyes are more than one eyeball
width apart
Upturned Eyes
Deep-set Eyes
-Are large and set deeper into the skull, creating
the illusion of a more prominent brow bone.
-The upturned eye takes the form of a classic almond
shape, with a natural lift at the outer corner.
Round eyes
Protruding Eyes
-Protruding eyes create the appearance of projected lids
in the eye socket area.
Hooded Eyes
-Hooded eyes feature an extra layer of skin that droops
over the crease, causing the lid to appear smaller.
-Has an evident crease, and white is visible under the iris
Big Eyes
Wide set eyes: start brow closer to the ridge of the nose
-Are typically larger in proportion to the other
features on your face, like your nose and mouth.
Close set eyes: to make the eyes appear farther apart, widen the distance between
the eye brows and slightly extend the brows outward
Round face: Arch the brows high to make the face appear narrower, start on a
line directly above the inside corner of the eyes and extend to the end of the
cheekbone.
Small Eyes
-Will appear smaller in comparison to the rest of the features on your face.
Long Face: create the eyebrow straight and extend the lines farther than the
outside corner of the eyes.
Triangular Face: arch the eyebrow slightly on the end and line directly above
the inside corner of the eyes and continue to the end of the cheekbones.
Square Face: to appear more oval, arch high eyebrows on the end directly above
the corner of the eyes and extend them outward.
Materials:
Brow razor, Brow brush, Brow pencil, Tweezers, Clear brow gel
EYEBROWS
The shape of eyebrows varies from fashion trend to fashion trend. A change of
eyebrows can define a character. The shape of the
eyebrows sets the tone for the rest of the face. The
natural arch of the eye brows follows the bony
structure or the curve line of orbit (eye socket)
TIPS: The eyebrow should begin directly above
the inner corner of the eye. Hold a pencil parallel above of the iris/center of the
eye to find the highest point. To determine where the brows should end, place a
pencil diagonally from the nose to end of the eyes.
For wide set eyes, start brow closer to the ridge of the nose.
Corrective placing and shaping of an eye brow:
Low forehead: low arch gives more height to a very low forehead.
HOW TO GROOM EYEBROWS
Procedure:
1. Set the client in a facial chair and reclining half upright position and work
from beside.
2. Discuss with the client the type of eye brow arch suitable for the person’s facial
characteristics.
3. Cover the eyes of the client with cotton pledget.
4. Brush the eye brows with a small brush to remove any powder.
5. Remove the hair between the brows and stretch the skin pout with the index
finger and thumb or and middle finger of the left hand.
6. Remove the hair from above the eyebrow line and brush the hair downward.
7. Shape the upper section of the eyebrow then shape the other.
8. Remove the hair from under the eyebrow line and brush upward.
9/Sponge the brows and surrounding skin with cold water to soothes any
irritation.
10.The brows placing the hair in each normal position and use eye brow pencil
if necessary.
Note:
3. Apply dark shadow over the liner to smudge and smoke it out by using a small shadow
contour brush.
4. Apply the light shadow above the brow bone by using a fluffy shadow brush.
The eyebrow should be treated and groomed about once a week.
CORRECTIVE SHADOWS FOR DIFFERENT EYES SHAPE:
EYE SHADOWS
A cosmetic that is applied on the eyelids and under the eyebrows. It is commonly
used to make the wearer's eyes stand out or look more attractive.
Eye shadow can add depth and dimension to one's eyes, complement the eye color,
or simply draw attention to the eyes. Eye shadow comes in many different colors and
textures. Can also be found in liquid, pencil, cream or mousse form.
Many people use eye shadow simply to improve their appearance, but it is also
commonly used in theatre and other plays, to create a memorable look, with
bright, bold colors.
ROUND EYES: Extend the eye shadow beyond the outer corner of the eyes to make the eyes
look lengthier.
CLOSE SET EYES: Apply shadow lightly up from the outer edge of the eyes.
BULDGING EYES: Minimize the shape by blending the shadow over the prominent part of the
upper lid.
HEAVY LIDDED EYES: Apply shadow evenly and lightly across the lid from the edge of the
eyelash line to the small crease in the eye socket.
If done well, the effect of eye shadow usually brings out glamour and gains attention.
The use of eye shadow attempts to replicate the natural eye shadow that some women
exhibit due to a natural contrasting pigmentation on their eyelids.
SMALL EYES: Extend the shadow slightly above, beyond, and below the eyes.
Natural eye shadow can range anywhere from a glossy shine to one’s eyelids, to a
pinkish tone, or even a silver look
DEEP SETTED EYES: Use very little shadow on the lid nearest the temples and leave
untouched the part next to the nose and inner corner of the eyes.
The shapes of most Asian eyelids are flatter than other women’s eyes. Asians are
also more versatile when it comes to eye makeup because they have a lot of
lid space to work with.
DARK CIRCLE EYES: Apply a lighter foundation cream over the dark area, blending and
smoothing it into the surrounding area.
Materials:
Cream shadows, Loose shadow, Pressed shadow, Stick shadow, Pure pigments, Gel
shadow, Cream to powder shadow, Fluffy shadow brush, Large shadow brush, Small fluffy
shadow brush, Small shadow Contour brush, Detailed small shadow brush, Flat shadow
sponge, Disposable eye shadow applicator
BASIC EYE LOOK
Procedure:
1. Apply neutral eye shadow over the entire lid area by using the large shadow brush.
2. Apply a medium tone eye shadow to outline the crease area with the back-and-forth
motion (squabbling technique) by using a fluffy shadow brush.
WIDE SET EYES: Use the shadow on the upper inner side on the eyelid.
EYE LINER
It is one of the harder cosmetics to apply. It can make the difference between the illusion of
large and small eyes, and sexy or plain eye looks. Liquid liner used to be too runny and pencils
were hard and painful to work with. Eyeliner is commonly used as a daily make up routine to
define the eye or create the look of a wider or smaller eye. Eyeliner can be used as a tool to
create various looks as well as highlighting different features of the eyes. Whether it be with a
winged eyeliner or tight lined at the waterline, eyeliner can be placed in various parts of the eye
to create different looks. Eyeliner can be drawn above upper lashes or below lower lashes or
both, even on the water lines of your eyes. Its primary purpose is to make the lashes look lush,
but it also draws attention to the eye and can enhance or even change the eye's shape. Eyeliner
is available in a wide range of hues,
from the common black, brown and grey to more adventurous shades such as bright primary
colors, pastels, frosty silvers and golds, white and even glitter-flecked colors. Life would be
pretty sweet if one make-up how-to worked for everyone. But we know that we’re all unique in
our own ways, so a tutorial on a dark, smudgy eye look – which would look fantastic on the
big-eyed model in the picture – won’t do any favors for someone with small or narrow eyes. So,
here are some handy hints and tricks on how to apply eyeliner to suit your eye shape, size, andCLOSE-SET
position.
Tight lining
-is the use of eye liner tight against the waterline under the lashes of the upper lid,
and above the lashes of the lower lid. Due to the proximity to the membranes, and
the surface of the eye itself, waterproof eye liner is preferred. Tight lining is a
technique which makes the eyelashes appears to start farther back on the eyelid,
thus making them look longer. Gel eyeliner and a small angled brush may be used
to create this look.
EYES
Check out the gap between the inside corners of the eyes. Can you fit another
eye in that space? If not, then you have close-set eyes.
When you have close-set eyes, you want to focus on the outer corners of
your eyes.
• Using a soft eye pencil
ROUND EYES
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Round eyes
Are usually large and quite wide.
Line the outer edges of your lash line,
Make a long-winged liner look.
Apply liquid eyeliner on the upper lash line from iris
Start at the inner corner to the outer corner of eyes
• apply your liner thinly at the inner corner and thicker at the outer corner,
• Taking the line a bit longer than your lash line.
• Avoid lining all the way to your tear duct as this will emphasize the
closeness of the eyes.
WIDE-SET EYES
if the gap between the inner corners of your eyes is big enough to fit more than
ALMOND EYES
• winged liner to complement the wonderful curves of the eye and flick up at
the end
• Draw a thin line for small eyes, and go a bit thicker for bigger eyes.
one eye, then you, my friend, have wide-set eyes.
When you have wide-set eyes, you want to focus on the inner corners of your eyes
so your eyes seem closer together.
If you have small eyes, you can also apply a small amount of liner at the
inner corner of your bottom lash line – just don't line the whole thing.
SMALL EYES
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Compare the eyes to nose and mouth
Small eyes a proportion to nose and mouth
Never apply dark eyeliner on the bottom water line
Swipe a thin line on your top lash line and the outer corner of the
bottom lash line to gently frame the eyes.
BIG EYES
• Start the line by your tear duct,
• Avoid extending it past the outer corner of your eye.
DEEP SET EYES
Your eyes are set deep into your skull, so when you open your eyes, the space
between your lashes and brow bone recedes, making your brow bone look
more prominent.
having larger eyes means you can play around with lots of liner looks
• It can easily line both top and bottom waterlines without making your
eyes look small.
• Applying eyeliner to the bottom lash line for the same reason.
• Also experiment with other winged liner or cat eyes.
• Avoid drawing a thick line
• (Smudging your liner) on the top lash line as this may cause the eyes to look
more sunken (and even smaller, if you have small eyes).
• Apply a thin line using Eyeliner Pen as close to your lash line as possible and
only line the outer half of your eye.
• Try finish off the look with a thin line on your bottom lash line.
PROMINENT EYES
Prominent eyes bulge outwards from the eye socket, meaning that you’d have a lot
of your eyelids visible.
• Create the illusion of smaller lids by using a thick liner to line your top lash
line.
• Feel free to apply from corner-to-corner, too.
• There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to the bottom lash line - play
around and see what you prefer.
MONOLIDS
Downturned: "Focus on creating a lift at the outer corners and keeping the inner
corner open and bright to draw the eyes upward
Round: line the upper lid from the inner and extend it out."It's all about creating
an elongated wide-eyed look. Extend your liner on the top outer third to create
more of an almond shape. Do the same on the bottom, connecting the two lines.
Or don't connect them for a cool double-winged effect."
Close-set: draw the upper line away from the inner corner of the eyes and
Going out and up
You want to create the illusion that your eyes are wider apart, so "start the liner
at the outer third and extend it outward, making sure it's at its thinnest in the
inner corner "winged liner also looks great on this eye shape."
Monolids are flat and barely have a crease. The brow bone is also less defined.
• Lining the top lash line
• Start off with a thin line at the inner corner and make it thicker as you go along.
• A monolid also offers the perfect canvas to play around with dramatic
winged liner and cat eye looks.
HOODED LIDS
Hooded: "Lid space tends to get lost when hooded eyes are open,
If you notice that your eyelid droops down over the crease when your eyes are
open, you’re the proud owner of some hooded lids.
Because the folding over of the lid causes eyes to look smaller, you’ll want to
try and make your eyes look bigger with eyeliner.
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Start by thickening the lash base
apply liner between the roots of your lashes
Be sure to apply your liner thicker at the outer corner of the eye.
be careful not to use too much liner on the top lash line
Recommends tight-lining the top lash with a dark gel or pencil liner
Work it in between lashes, which allow your eyes to stand out without losing
lid space.
Wide-set: line the upper inner corner of the eye near the nose ridge and back to
the outer corner of the eyes. To create the illusion of eyes that are more
symmetrical, so line the top lash line but don't extend past the outer corner—
"extending or thickening the end will only draw your eyes further apart."
Smudge pencil along the bottom for a night-outlook.
Eye lashes
It’s the short curved hairs growing on the edges of the
eyelids, serving to protect the eyes from dust particles.
The most important thing to remember when applying eye lashes
on Asian eyes is the base of the lashes must be applied
as close to the lash line as possible.
False eye lashes are simply looking to enhance the natural look.
Materials:
Protruding: "Apply thick liner on the top lash line to push back your lid space a
bit, and then add liner or shadow to the bottom lash line for balance.
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Eye lash strips
Eye lash glue
False lashes
Eyelash Tinting
Eyelash Perming
Eyelash Curler
Eyelash comb brush
Liquid Mascara
Coloured Mascara
• Spool Brush
Procedure:
1. Curl gently the eye lashes.
2. Apply mascara with the liquid brush.
3. Comb the eyelashes to separate individually and to avoid thickness.
LIPS - Either of the two fleshy parts that form the upper and lower edges of the opening of
the mouth:
Applying lip color is one of the simplest of all makeup steps and is a great to
instantly change a look. Lip color applications range from simple, blotted – on
stains to combinations of lip pencil, lipstick, and gloss. The right shade works with
the skin tone and complements with the natural color of the lips. You can choose
from a wide range of product formula, which include matte, sheer, shimmery,
and creamy lipstick glosses.
MATERIAL:
Lip colour chart
Large lip brush
Lip pencil
Large lip brush
Lip brush
Sharpener
Lip gloss Lipstick
Tips:
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Pale lips: deep tones appear very dark on pale lips.
Very dark lips: Very pale shades of lipstick can appear gray or ashy on dark lips.
Uneven color lips: to even out tone, use a sheer, dark lipstick as a base on the lips
To create:
Smaller lips – draw the line on the inside of the lip line.
Larger upper lips – draw the line slightly above the top lip line.
Larger lower lip – draw the line slightly below the bottom lip line.
Shorter mouth – draw the line inside the corner of the lip line.
Wider mouth –draw the line slightly outside the corner of the lip line.
Larger mouth –draw the line slightly outside the lip line.
PROCEDURE:
Lip pencil application
1. Begin lining the top lip and choose the color that matches the lips
or lipstick.
2. Extend the line across the top lip.
3. Define the line across the bottom lip.
4. ine underneath the lower lip.Line underneath the lower lip.
5. Fill in any missed areas and blend
.Lip color application:
1. Choose color and apply it using a lip brush.
2. Beginning at one corner of the mouth, apply an even layer of color over the
entire lip area.
3. Keep the color within the natural lines of the lips.
4. Apply color into the corner on both top and bottom lips.
5. Press the lips together to evenly distribute the color.
Lip gloss application:
Apply lip gloss to a brush.
Using the brush begin at the middle of the lips.
Apply gloss to both top and bottom lips.
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Wipe the edge of the lips when finished.
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The lips look fuller and hydrated.
Blush
Berries
Create a healthy and pretty look of the face. Blush can also be used to create
the dramatic contouring, sometimes seen in fashion shows and the theater. The
right choice of shade/colour will add a pretty brightness to the face without
looking obvious.
Material:
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Fan brush
Blush brush
Cheek tints
Cream blush
Gel blush
Powder blush
Chubby pencil
Cream/powder blush
Pot rouge
Tips:
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Never use blush the eyelids as it is too red and will make the eyes look
sore and tired.
Guidelines:
Keep the cheeks minimal for a more natural look. Replicate the cheeks’ colour
when applying blush then slightly flush.
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For rounded faces –apply blush closer to the nose.
PROCEDURE:
For china doll look –apply blush heavily to the apples of the cheeks for
strong looking, and more subtly for youthfulness looking.
1. Apply blush under the cheekbone to accentuate the line of the cheekbone.
2. Use a dark contour color below the cheekbones to emphasize the
cheekbones and a subtle color on the apples of the cheeks for a soft blend.
3. Blend towards the hairline, then down to soften the edges.
PREFERED SHADES FOR DARK SKIN:
Pale shimmery pink
Apricots
Corals
PREPARATION FOR MAKEUP APPLICATION
1.
Advice client on appropriate product and procedure in performing make-up
retouch and removal.
2. Clean and store make-up products, tools and implements.
3. Dispose properly wastes items.
4. Clean workstation for the next activity.
Precautions:
The makeup should be applied just before the comb out or after the hair has been
blown dry and or curled. Fasten a protective strip of tissue; head band around the
client’s to protect the hair.
First step:
• See to it that the work area is clean and neat and all items use for
applying and removing makeup is sanitized.
• Products must be removed from containers with a sanitized spatula or a clean
applicator.
• Wash and sanitize your hand before touching the client’s face.
Second step: Prepare all the materials and tools you need for the application.
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Appropriate product and procedure should be advised.
Proper hygiene should be practiced.
Correct timeline should be followed.
Sanitation and proper disposal should be observed.
How to clean make up brushes
Materials:
Sponge, sharpener, cotton buds, eyelash curler, powder applicator, flat brush, lip
brush, eye liner brush, eye shadow brush, large eyebrow brush, large blusher
brush, powder brush, brow with comb brush, eye brow scissor, eye brow blade,
tweezers.
After a few weeks of using your makeup brushes, your face's natural oils, makeup,
OBJECTIVES:
getting mixed. It will also help soften the bristles.
I.Prepare Client
1. Advise client to remove all personal accessories.
2. Consult client on specific make0up requirements.
3. Analyze client’s face and skin tone/type.
4. Provide client with protective clothing.
Precautions:
1. Client’s comfort and safety is ensured.
2. Client’s face shape and skin tone/type is analyzed accurately.
3. Correct timeline is followed.
4. Proper hygiene is observed.
II.Apply Facial Make-Up
1. Sanitized hand.
2. Select and prepare make-up products and accessories, tools, supplies and
materials should be used.
3. Check result.
Precautions:
1. Different technique method should be applied.
2. Timeline should be followed.
3. Appropriate make-up products and accessories, tools and supplies and
materials should be used.
4. Proper hygiene is practiced.
III.Perform Post Service Activity
and bacteria will start to build up. Cleaning your makeup brushes regularly will
not only get rid of the bacteria, but it will also prevent your makeup colors from
Method of Cleaning in Makeup Brushes
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Examine the brush. ...
Pour some oil onto a paper towel. ...
Run the bristles of the brushes under lukewarm water. ...
Squirt some baby-shampoo into your palm. ...
Swirl the brush in your palm. ...
Rinse the brush under lukewarm water. ...
Pat the bristles dry and reshape them, if necessary
Pat the bristles dry. Use a towel to gently remove some of the moisture. Fold
it around the wet bristles and gently squeeze it with your fingers
Do not store them pointing down, or the bristles will get crooked.
Store your brushes properly. When your brushes are dry, store them either
upright in a cup, or lay them down on their side. Consider disinfecting your
brush. Before you set your makeup brush out to dry, or even between washes,
disinfect your brush with a vinegar-water solution. Don't worry, the strong,
vinegar smell will disappear once the bristles dry. Fill a small bowl or cup with
two parts water and one-part vinegar. Swirl your brush in the solution, but avoid
wetting the part where the bristles meet the handle. Rinse the brush with clean
water and set it out to dry.
MAKE-UP
Instructions: Answer the following questions.
1. What are the appropriate procedures on how
to prepare client?
3. What are the proper procedure on perform
post service activities?
2. What are the appropriate procedures on how
to apply Facial Make-up?
4. What are the tools and materials in
performing facial make-up?