Azmeel HSE Department FIRE WATCH MAN TRAINING JIC of Cooling Plant Dawood Akbar Azmeel HSE Department (098-C58) 2 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training BASIC FIRE SAFETY: PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS & CONTROL 3 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Fire Watch Duties & Responsibilities Conduct pre-job inspection Ensure no presence of flammable / combustible materials Ensure that flammable gas test is conducted (where applicable) Ensure covering of ground holes, drains, sewers, cracks in the immediate vicinity Watch for fires in all exposed areas Know emergency contact numbers / location of communication stations / telephones Extinguish manageable fires Sound the alarm, if necessary, to alert affected personnel Summon external assistance i.e. fire service (998) Stop work if deemed necessary Wet or flush the ground with water Be aware of prevailing wind direction Know the nearest Safe Assembly Points & possible alternate routes Guide the group to safe assembly points during evacuation 4 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Fire Watch Requirement When is fire watch required? When hot work is conducted in areas where : Flammable gas or vapor maybe present Fire might be developed from combustible materials / gases Special condition warrants Person authorized as fire watch A person nominated by his Supervisor who has received basic Fire Watch / Fire Extinguisher Training and has adequate exposure in hot work operations. Primary role of a fire watch To prevention / control fire 5 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Basic Fire Safety Cont’d Distribution of Fire Extinguishers: Visible from all directions Easily accessible (within immediate reach) Near normal path or travel (entrance / exit ways) Installed on an 'area-by-area' or 'floor-by-floor' basis Free from sight and travel obstruction Within 15.25 m (50 ft) max. travel distance (Class B Hazards) Within 22.7 m (75 ft) max. travel distance (Class A Hazards) Reasonably away from immediate source of fire (e.g. stationary machine, flammable storage, etc.) One 20 lbs. unit (minimum) for each mobile equipment One 20 lbs. unit (minimum) for every hot work group 6 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Basic Fire Safety Cont’d Inspection of Fire Extinguishers Accessibility / visibility Inspection tag / coding Plastic seal Lock pin Gauge (stored pressure) CO2 Cartridge (cartridge type) Weight (CO2 type) Nozzle Shell, bottom Label General condition 7 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training COMMON FIRE HAZARDS / CAUSES OF FIRE 8 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training A fire is a chemical reaction that involves 3 elements: fuel, oxygen and heat (source of ignition) ignition What is fire? chemical reaction BASIC FIRE SAFETY ox yg en l fue 9 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How do fires start? (Elements of Fire) Fuel - Any combustible material: solid, liquid or gas. Oxygen - The air we breathe is about 21 percent oxygen. Fire only needs an atmosphere with at least 16 percent oxygen. Heat - Heat is the energy necessary to increase the temperature of the fuel to a point where sufficient vapors are given off for ignition to occur. Chemical Reaction - A chain reaction can occur when the other three elements are present in the proper conditions and proportions. 10 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Hot Work / Open Flame Operation Without Spark Containment 11 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Flammable Improper Storage of Flammable Material 12 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Improper Handling of Flammable Material / Careless Smoking 13 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Careless Smoking 14 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Unattended Heaters 15 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Poor House Keeping 16 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Use Safety Can Improper Fueling 17 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Greasy / Oily Rags Spontaneous Combustion 18 Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Overloaded Outlets 19 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Over Rated Fuse / Faulty Connections 20 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Common Fire Hazards…. Non--intrinsically Safe Equipment Non 21 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training HOW CAN FIRES BE PREVENTED 22 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be controlled / extinguished? Class Class A - Extinguish ordinary combustibles by cooling the material below its ignition temperature and soaking the fibers to prevent re-ignition. Use pressurized water, foam or multi-purpose dry chemical extinguishers. Fires in any ordinary combustible Materials i.e. trash, wood, paper, etc 23 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Preventive Measures Maintain good housekeeping Place oily / greasy rags in covered containers (potential source of spontaneous combustion) Keep open flame operations isolated / controlled (35 Ft clear radius min.) 100 % spark containment (use of fire blanket or non combustible barrier for hot work) Fires in any ordinary combustible Materials i.e. trash, wood, paper, etc 24 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be controlled / extinguished? Class Class B - Extinguish flammable liquids, greases, or gases by removing the oxygen, preventing the vapors from reaching the ignition source. Foam, carbon dioxide, ordinary dry chemical and halon extinguishers may be used to fight Class B fires. Follow MSDS. Flammable liquids or gases 25 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Control Measures: Don't refuel gasoline - powered equipment while it's engine running or still hot. Keep flammable liquids stored in tightly closed, self-closing, spillproof containers (safety can). Store flammable liquids away from spark-producing sources. Flammable liquids or gases Use flammable liquids only in wellventilated areas. 26 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Preventive Measures Good storage practice: Protected / isolated / ventilated storage area Use safety can for flammable liquids Ventilation Flammable liquids or gases 27 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Preventive Measures Proper handling Flammable liquids or gases safety can 28 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Preventive Measures Class Never allow open flame / source of ignition near flammable liquids / gases (35 Ft. clear radius min.) Restrict smoking Flammable liquids or gases 29 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Preventive Measures Class Flammable liquids or gases Understand MSDS 30 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be controlled / extinguished? Class Class C - Extinguish energized electrical equipment by using an extinguishing agent that is not capable of conducting electrical current. Carbon dioxide, ordinary dry chemical, multipurpose dry chemical and halon fire extinguishers may be used to fight Class C fires. DO NOT USE water extinguishers on energized electrical equipment. Fires in “LIVE” Electrical equipment 31 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Fires in “LIVE” Electrical equipment Preventive Measures Look for old wiring, worn insulation, broken and loose electrical fittings. Prevent motors from overheating by keeping them clean and in good working order. Utility lights should always have some type of wire guard over them. Heat from an uncovered light bulb can easily ignite ordinary combustibles. Never install a fuse rated higher than specified for the circuit. Investigate any appliance or electrical equipment that smells strange. Unusual odors can be the first sign of electrical fire. Don't overload wall outlets. Two outlets should have no more than two plugs. Good maintenance program of all electrical appliances 32 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be Prevented ? Class Fires in “LIVE” Electrical equipment Control Measures: Look for old wiring, worn insulation and broken electrical fittings. Prevent motors from overheating by keeping them clean and in good working order. Utility lights should always have some type of wire guard over then. Heat from an uncovered light bulb can easily ignite ordinary combustibles. Never install a fuse rated higher than specified for the circuit. Investigate any appliance or electrical equipment that smells strange. Unusual odors can be the first sign of electrical fire. Don't overload wall outlets. Two outlets should have no more than two plugs. 33 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training How can fires be controlled / extinguished? Class D Class D - Extinguish combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, potassium and sodium with dry powder extinguishing agents designated for the material involved. 34 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training HOW CAN FIRE BE CONTROLLED 35 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training What To Do In Case Of Fire ? First Rule – KEEP CALM! Remember how to R A C E during a fire R A C E – rescue personnel in immediate danger – alert others; yell out “fire, fire!” or activate fire alarm – contain; close doors, windows (don’t lock) – extinguish / evacuate; extinguish manageable fire, apply PASS method / evacuate the area. If fire is beyond control, call Fire Dept. 36 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Never Attempt To Fight A Fire If…… Your instinct tells you not to do so You don’t know what is burning You suspect toxic fumes that you might inhale There is no sure “way out” behind you Your escape route is obstructed There is no fire extinguisher nearby The fire is beyond control 37 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Basic Fire Safety Cont’d What to do if someone catches on fire? Stop - where you are Drop - to the floor or ground Roll - around on the floor or ground STOP, DROP and ROLL …This will smother the flames, possibly saving your life. If a co-worker catches on fire, smother the flames by grabbing a blanket or rug and wrapping him up in it. That could save him from serious burns or even death. 38 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Basic Fire Safety Cont’d What to do if someone catches on fire? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) First Rule…Keep calm, try not to panic. Alert others, activate fire alarm Shut doors & windows (but don’t lock). If manageable, extinguish fire with hand held fire extinguisher. Apply ' PASS ' method : Leave the area via nearest exit (never use elevator). If trapped in an enclosed area or building: never open a closed door without feeling it first. If the door is hot, try another exit. get to your hands and knees and crawl. The possibility of inhaling smoke is less near the floor. Make use of any available shield such as blankets or tarps - these will help you get out of the area with less risk of injury. Wet handkerchief or clothes over your nose will also help cut down the smoke intake. Proceed to pre-designated safe assembly area 39 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Basic Fire Safety Cont’d How To Use Portable Fire Extinguisher? P - pull the pin or puncture cartridge A - aim at base of flame S - squeeze the trigger S - sweep from side to side APP. 3 Meters ( 10 feet ) Wind 40 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Project Fire WatchComplex Man Training Mode of Extinguishing Action (Multipurpose Dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher) Burning Material Caution: Watch for reflash / reignition from deep seated fires Extinguishing agent cannot penetrate below burning surface 41 Azmeel HSE Department Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Complex Project