England and its
neighbors
BY: Keira, Hao Hao, Denise and Shen Ni
Grade 7
What happened after the king died?
In 1286 Scotland’s king, Alexander III, Died in an accident. Thirteen
Scotsmen all wanted to be king, so the Scots asked the English King
Edward I to choose for them. In 1292, Edward picked a man named
john, Edward forced Balliol to make a promise – Balliol could be the
king but he had to pay homage to Edward at all the time, Balliol
agreed and change his mind….
What did Edward
does when Balliol
refuse to obey him?
Edward was furious when Balliol refuse to obey him and
had also made a deal with France. So he decided to
teach him a lesson. In 1296, Edward gathered a huge
army in Newcastle, In northern England and marched
into Scotland. The Scots were beaten, Balliol was thrown
into prison.
Edward then removed the ‘Stone of Destiny’, an ancient
rectangular block of stone on which Scottish kings sat
when they were crowned.
The Scottish Rebellion
When Edward returned to England the
scots rose up to rebellion. The scots
defeated an English army in a famous
battle at Stirling Bridge in 1297 and drove
the English back over the border.
What caused the Scottish rebellion?
The French, who were at war with Britain,
suddenly saw an advantage to be gained
here. They would land the new Jacobite
heir, James III 'The Old Pretender' in his
ancestral kingdom and start a rebellion.
Wallace is defeated
Edward returned to Scotland the following year and
defeated the scots at the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace was
captured in 1305 and was Wallace is executed. His head
was display on a spike on London Bridge.
Why did Wallace lose the Battle of Falkirk?
Without the protection of either cavalry or archers, the Scottish
schiltrons were vulnerable. As the English charged again, their
formations crumbled and the Scottish army was massacred.
This was a crushing defeat for the Scottish army.
The new Leader
In 1306, the Scots found a new leader in Robert the
Bruce. He was a Scottish earl, and the grandson of
one of the 13 people who originally claimed the
throne after Alexander lll’s death, Edward once again
marched north to invade Scotland, but sadly died on
the journey there. His tomb in Westminster Abbey in
London reads, ‘Here is Edward l, the Hammer of the
Scots: keep my faith’.
The New
English King
In 1307, King Edward II had become a weak King,
and was not interested in military glory as his
father was. There was a soldier named Robert
that took full advantage of this and captured
many of the English who controlled castles in
Scotland.
In June 1314, King Edward sent a huge army, which
had 15,000 men to fight Robert with his 7000
army. But then, they defeated the English within
only 2 days! While King Edward and his army
return to England, Robert the Bruce remain King of
Scotland. Scotland remained a separate country
for the next 300 years.
This is the end of
our presentation
Thank you!