Lockout/Tagout
29CFR 19010.147
Published September
1, 1989.
Scope: Covers
servicing and
maintenance of
machines and
equipment or release
of stored energy
which could cause
injury to employees.
Does Not Cover
Construction, Agriculture, and Maritime
Employment.
Electric Utilities.
Electrical Exposures covered by Subpart S,
Electrical.
Oil and Gas Well Servicing and Drilling.
Applies during Servicing
and/or Maintenance
Does not apply to
normal production
operations.
Only if an employee
has to remove a
guard or bypass a
safety guard-Or place
any part of their body
in danger.
Also does not apply to:
Work on cord or plug
connected equipment
which is unplugged
and under control of
the employee.
Gas, steam, water or
petroleum hot tap
operations under
specified
circumstances.
The Standard’s Purpose
Requires employers to establish a
program and use procedures for affixing
appropriate lockout devices or tagout
devices, andTo disable machines or equipment to
prevent unexpected energization, startup, or release of stored energy to prevent
injury to employees.
Definitions
Energized-connected to an energy
source or containing residual or stored
energy.
Energy source-any source of energy.
Lockout-placement of a lockout device
on an energy isolating device.
Lockout Device-device which uses a
positive means, such as a lock, to hold an
energy isolating device in safe position.
Definitions, continued
Servicing and/or Maintenanceworkplace activities such as adjusting,
cleaning, constructing, inspecting,
installing, lubricating, maintaining and/or
servicing of machines or equipment,
modifying, setting up and tool changing.
Tagout-placement of a tag to warn that
the equipment may not be operated.
General Requirements
Energy Control
Program-A program
including an energy
control procedure and
employee training is
required.
Lockout/Tagout
A tagout system shall be used only if the
isolating device cannot be locked out.
If the isolating device can be locked out, a
lockout shall be used, unless the employer
can demonstrate that a tagout system
provides full employee protection.
When machinery is replaced or undergoes
major repair it shall be designed to accept
a lockout device.
Full Employee Protection
If a tagout device is used on equipment
capable of being locked out:
The tag shall be placed in the same location
the lock would have been placed.
The employer must demonstrate equivalent
safety.
To demonstrate-the employer must show full
compliance with all provisions and remove
circuit elements or block control switches or
remove a valve handle, etc.
Energy Control Procedure
Procedures shall be developed,
documented, and utilized.
Exception- Employers need not
document if all of the following exist:
 The machine has no potential to release or
store energy.
 The machine has a single energy source,
readily identified and isolated.
Exceptions, continued
 Isolation and lockout completely deenergize
and deactivate the machine.
 The machine is isolated from that energy
source and locked out during servicing or
maintenance.
 A single lockout device will achieve lockout.
 The lockout device is under control of the
employee servicing or maintaining the
machine.
Exceptions, continued
 The servicing or maintenance does not
create hazards for others.
 The employer has had no accidents from the
release of energy while servicing or
maintaining equipment.
Written Procedures
Shall specify the
scope, purpose,
authorization, rules,
and techniques for
controlling hazardous
energy, and the
means of enforcing
compliance.
Written Procedures, cont.
Should include:
Intended use of the
procedure.
Steps for shutting
down, isolating,
blocking and securing
equipment.
Use of tags and locks.
Testing requirements
verify effectiveness.
Protective Materials and
Hardware
Locks, tags, chains, wedges, key blocks,
adapter pins, self-locking fasteners, or
other hardware shall be provided by the
employer.
Lockout devices shall be singularly
identified, be the only devices used for
controlling energy, not used for other
purposes, and shall be:
Lockout devices shall be:
 Durable-able to
withstand the
environment, not
become illegible, and
not deteriorate in
corrosive
environments.
Color, size, shape and
print be standardized.
Lockout devices shall be:
 Substantial-removal
shall necessitate force
or unusual techniques
and it should prevent
inadvertent removal.
 Identifiable-indicate
the identity of the
employee applying
the device.
Tagout Devices
Shall warn of
hazardous conditions
by legends such as:
DO NOT START
DO NOT OPEN
DO NOT CLOSE
DO NOT ENERGIZE
DO NOT OPERATE
Periodic Inspections
At least an annual inspection of the
company’s LOTO procedure:
Performed by an authorized employee other
than the employee using the procedure.
Correct deviations or discrepancies.
Review the procedure by effected employees.
Inspection must be documented-who did it,
when, and what machinery was inspected.
Training and
Communication
 Employees must
understand purpose
and function of the
program.
 Have knowledge and
skills to implement it.
 Include-recognition of
energy sources,
purpose and use,
procedures/prohibitions
Training, continued
If tagout systems are used employees
must be trained on limitations:
Warning rather than restraining devices.
Must not be by-passed, ignored or defeated.
Must be legible and understandable.
Securely attached and able to withstand
environments.
May create a false sense of security and is
only a part of the overall program.
Re-training
Employees must be re-trained when:
There is a change in assignments, machines,
equipment, or process that creates a new
hazard.
Periodic inspection reveals a need for retraining.
New or revised control methods are
introduced- and, of course, training must be
documented.
Procedures shall include:
Preparation for
shutdown.
Machine or
equipment shutdown.
Machine or
equipment isolation.
Procedures:
LOTO device applicationShall be affixed by an authorized
employee.
Shall hold the energy isolating device in a
safe or off position.
Tagout devices shall be affixed to prohibit
moving the energy isolating device from
its safe or off position, located where a
lock would be attached, and if it can’t be
attached-should be in an obvious place.
Stored Energy
After applying LOTO devices, all
potentially hazardous, stored or residual
energy shall be rendered safe.
Re-accumulation of energy shall be
continually verified.
Isolation/de-energization shall be verified
prior to starting work……..How can this be
accomplished??
Release from LOTO
Before removing LOTO devices and restoring energy:
Inspect area, ensure non-essential items are
removed and equipment is operationally
intact.
Employees are notified and clear.
Remove LOTO devices-shall be removed by
the person who put it on. Exception!
Additional Requirements
Outside contractors: Shall inform each
other of procedures. Employer must
ensure they are complying with
procedures.
Group LOTO:
Responsibility to an authorized person.
AP to ascertain exposure status of workers.
AP ensures that all workers affix a personal
lock to group lock-out device.
Shift Change
Must have written
procedures to ensure
continuity of lockout
protection.
Includes orderly
transition from
employees coming on
shift and those going
off shift.