第一课
元音字母的发音
通常，针对重读音节中单个元音字母的发音，可分开音节和闭音
节两种情况。
闭音节：（辅音+）元音+辅音（r,y,w 除外）
闭音节中，元音字母发与之写法相同或近似的音标发音
开音节：辅音+元音
或
元音+辅音(r,y,w 除外)+ e(不发音)
开音节中，元音字母发字母本身的发音

闭音节
开音节 1
开音节 2
fat,


glad, let, pet, gel, bid, knit,


not, cod, rob, but, fuss, hug,
tap, impact, intent, spelt, simple,
hop,
satisfaction, aggressive,
intentional
son, month,
impulse,
apple
instinct
among
result
splendid
often, cut,
fate, glade, Pete,
bide,
hike, note,
code, fuse,
huge,
tape, rate,
complete,
site, style,
robe, provoke, cute, tube,
base
compete,
snipe, type
slope, poke
refuse, puke
vacation,
he, she, we, hi, wifi,
no, go, social
purify,
amazing,
Peter,
cry, satisfy
vocation,
curious,
crazy
concede
idea, violet
process
mutual
练习：
1. 熟读以上表格中的单词，并查出词义
2. 朗读以下音标，并根据闭音节规则写出单词
(以下单词中的未特殊标注的辅音音标均由与音标写法一致的字母发出)






3. 根据开音节规则，朗读以下单词
same, fake, mate, snake, blade, lake, name, bate, late, tape
Pete, me, we, he, Mede, mete, , interfere,
likewise, wide, bite, dive, hike, kite, ripe, site, mite
dote, home, cone, lope, mode, nose, pose, toke, no, note, robe
abuse, fuse, mute, puke, tube, tune, dude, fume, lute, universe
3. 先自己按规则朗读一下单词，然后查字典确认读音，标注出“奇
怪”的发音，最后通过将读音与词义匹配记忆。
enthusiastic
instinctive
ethology
spectrum
intentional
fictional
acquisition
impact
contrast
confusing
violence
relate
irrelevant
environment response
studious
numerous
spontaneous exaggerate
communicate
第二课
一、 辅音字母的发音
辅音字母相当于汉语拼音中的声母，很多辅音字母的发音与拼音中完全一样，本
节只罗列与拼音发音差异较大的发音情况。
大
写
小
写
发音
说明
/k/
C
c
/s/
/d
G
g
cane, coke, cuddle, couple, cause, cook
在字母
i、e、y 前
在字母
i、e、y 前
/g/
/h/
H
J
j
同拼音发音
he, hype, ham, hidden, hope, hummer
不发音
honest, honour, exhibit, hour, herbal
/d
Jesus, John, jealous, jive, Jane, justice
同拼音发音
l
Q
q
R
r
V
v
X
x
常存在于
qu 结构
注意
/r/‘入’
与拼音 r 区别
/k/
Dell, help, puzzle, riddle, shellfish, self,
Ralph, seldom, pickle, school, cool, cuddle
request, quiet, quite, quota, queen
rose, rise, rain, rock, rust, Rome, grasp
five, survive, viva, vote, advocate, vapor
/ks/
six, exercise, expert, fox, maximum, exit
/gz/
exam, exactly, exist, exaggerate
y
/ai/
z
slide, explode, lazy, luck, loose, lack
/v/
/i/
Z
gesture, gigantic, rage, cage, agent, gym
gap, game, gutter, gospel, regret, geek
/l/‘欧’ L 后没有元音时
Y
concede, access, accept, decide, city
h
/l/‘乐’
L
举例
/z/
同字母 i
发音规则
注意
与拼音 z 区别
simply, family, silly, lyrics, myth
simplify, fry, satisfy, apply, rhyme, spy
zoo, zest, zoom
鼻音的区分
/m/ 闭口
/n/ 开口
/开口
some
rim
人民
son
grin
人名
rhyme
bomb
阴雨
Brine
bond
英语
sim
Sam
弹琴
sin
sand
谈情
sing
sang
beam
theme
宾语
been
thin
冰雨
bing
thing
arm
farm
安
under
fun
昂
uncle
funk
mum
boom
瞒
month
spoon
忙
among
rom
mam
拼
pond
man
乒
wrong
Rome
bam
散心
crone
ban
丧心
sung
ring
sponge
bang
二、字母组合
字母组合
au
aw
发音
//
例词
haunt, fraud, audio, Austin, Autumn, caught, taught, fault,
law, straw, draw, raw, awful, crawl,
ui
/u:/
ur
/ə(:)/
murder, purse, curse, blur, burn, surprise, Thursday
/au/
bow, cow, crown, frown, now,
/əu/
low, row, blown, flow, sow, endow, know, stow,
/au/
blouse, amount, pronounce, bounce, mouse, about, couch,
/u:/
acoustic, route, could, should, group, soup
/Λ/
couple, rough, double, trouble, touch, foul, young,
tr
/tr/
trust, trick, trap, troop, trim, trekker, travel
dr
/dr/
dream, drench, drum, drink, drake
qu
/ku/
request, quiet, quite, quota, queen
a
//
ous
/əs/
ow
ou
fruit, juice, suit, cruise, bruise
water, watch, what, swan, swam, swamp, wasp,
famous, dangerous, prosperous, poisonous, obvious, enormous
第三课字母组合
字母组合
ay
ai
ere
eer
发音
/ei/
/iə/
例词
stay, clay, pay, E-bay, Monday, Sunday, player,
daisy, faint, saint, chain, braise, jail, mail, paid, rain, trailer, brain, train
here, sphere, merely, adhere,
peer, steer, beer, deer
/i:/
plead, meat, feature, meal, leak, defeat, freak, team, breathe, appease
/ei/
steak, break, great
/e/
measure, bread, ahead, pleasure, breath, jealous, instead, steady
ee
/i:/
peek, treeless, referee, agreement, weed, breeze, cheek, deep, feel
or
/ /
abhor, thorn, corn, born, short, pork, lord, conform, according, sort
/auə/
flour, hour, sour, scour,
ea
our
//
amour, court, gourmet, mourn, your, pour,
oar
//
board, oars, soar, roar
igh
/ai/
sigh, tight, fright, bright, right, high, might,
ol
/əul/
cold, folder, folk, bold, control, idol, mold
/u /
rooster, crook, moon, soon, spoon, loose
oo
/Λ/
flood, blood
ar
/a:/
Carmen, barn, army, shark, mark, darkness, farm
air
/εə/
Cairn, fair, pair, dairy, hair, stair, chair
are
/εə/
hare, care, bare, glare, welfare, hardware, aware, scare, medicare
/iə/
fear, dear, beard, hear, appear, clear, year, Shakespeare,
/εə/
bear, pear, wear, rear,
/ə:/
heard, learn, earn, pearl, yearn, earth, rehearsal,
ir
/ə:/
bird, skirt, whirl, chirp, circle, dirty, flirt, confirm, stir
ch/tch
/t/
Chinese, chest, teacher, peach, ranch, catch, patch, trench, watch
ture
/tə /
picture, future, creature, venture, nature
ear
tion/tian
cian
nation, mention, addition, addiction, nutrition, Martian, Egyptian
/ən/
sion
oa
musician, physician, magician , theoretician, optician
accession, aggression, depression, discussion
/əu/
coast, moan, soap, coat, roast, load, boat

第四课音变
变音
war, wharf, dwarf, watch, wasp, water, what, warm,
swamp, quarter, quality, quantity, quark
a/ar 在/w/后
//
or 在/w/后
/ə:/
sion 在/u/和/i/后
/ən/
清音在/s/后浊化
string, school, sport, stay, skate, strange, sting, spring, understand,
experience, expensive, expand, squeeze, squirrel, stone, stick
ex-在元音前浊化
/igz-/
元音轻读时
/ə/
alike, error, aviator, factor, regular, popular, mountain,
curtain, evidence, beautiful, doughnut, grammar, actually
元音轻读时
/i/
elect, minute, linux, telephone, expand,
du /d可以变成
“纠”
during, duration, individual, and you
tu /tju/ 可以变成
“秋”
situation, tuition, intuition, tube, actually, about you
work, word, world, worship, worthwhile, worm,
confusion, vision, decision, illusion
exist, exact, exam, exhibit
失音
h
-
honest, hour, exhibit, honor
mb
/m/
gh
-
gu
/g/
guide, guess, guard, guest
kn
/n/
knight, known, knee
-e
-
ps
/s/
psychic, psychology
wh
/w/
when, wheat, what, where
wr
/r/
write, wrist, wrong
dge
/d/
judge, bridge, edge, badge, pledge
que
/k/
cheque, technique, conquer, mosque
sure
/ə /
measure, pleasure, pressure, closure, exposure
ph-/-gh
/f/
-cc 接 e 或 i
/ks/
accent, accept, access, accelerate, accede, success, vaccine
sc
/ /
science, scene, abscess, ascertain
limb, climb, lamb
caught, tight, though, plough, doughnut
orange, reserve, curve, squeeze, moose, stable
其他怪音
phase, photograph, phone, phrase, cough, tough, rough, burgh