Bibliography
Abraham, M., Auspurg, K., & Hinz, T. (2010). Migration decisions within dual‐earner
partnerships: A test of bargaining theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(4), 876892.
Adamson, F. B., & Tsourapas, G. (2019). The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing,
Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management. International
Migration Review, 1-30.
AlShehabi, O. 2019. "Policing labour in empire: the modern origins of the Kafala sponsorship
system in the Gulf Arab States." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies: 1-20.
Anderson, B. (2010). Migration, immigration controls and the fashioning of precarious workers.
Work, employment and society, 24(2), 300-317.
Anderson, B. (2013). Us and them?: The dangerous politics of immigration control: OUP Oxford.
Anthias, F. (2016). Interconnecting boundaries of identity and belonging and hierarchy-making
within transnational mobility studies: Framing inequalities. Current Sociology, 64(2),
172-190.
Bürkner, H. J. 2012. Intersectionality: How gender studies might inspire the analysis of social
inequality among migrants. Population, Space and Place, 18(2), 181-195.
Chalcraft, J. 2010. "Monarchy, migration and hegemony in the Arabian Peninsula." Research
Paper, Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalization in the Gulf
States
Cohen, E. F. 2018. The Political Value of Time: Citizenship, Duration, and Democratic Justice.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Collins, P. H. (2019). Intersectionality as critical social theory. Durham: Duke University Press.
Conn, D. 2019. Qatar to abolish ‘kafala’ labour next January before 2022 World Cup. The
Guardian. October 16. Retrieved from:
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/oct/16/qatar-abolish-kafala-january-worldcup-2022
Crenshaw, K. 1991. Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence
against Women of Color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241-99.
Crenshaw, K. 2016. The urgency of intersectionality: Kimberlé Crenshaw speaks at TEDWomen
2016. TEDBlog. Accessed at: https://blog.ted.com/the-urgency-of-intersectionalitykimberle-crenshaw-speaks-at-tedwomen-2016/
Czaika, M., and H. D. Haas. 2014. "The globalization of migration: Has the world become more
migratory?" International Migration Review 48 (2):283-323.
Damir-Geilsdorf, S., and M. Pelican. 2019. "Between regular and irregular employment:
subverting the kafala system in the GCC countries." Migration and Development 8
(2):155-175.
Ellermann, A. 2020. Discrimination in migration and citizenship. Journal of Ethnic and Migration
Studies, 46(12), 2463-2479.
Else-Quest, N. M., & Hyde, J. S. 2016. Intersectionality in quantitative psychological research: II.
Methods and techniques. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(3), 319-336.
Ewers, M. C, and B. Shockley. 2018. "Attracting and retaining expatriates in Qatar during an era
of uncertainty: Would you stay or would you go?" Population, Space and Place 24
(5):e2134.
Ewers, M. C. 2017. "International knowledge mobility and urban development in rapidly
globalizing areas: building global hubs for talent in Dubai and Abu Dhabi." Urban
Geography 38 (2):291-314.
Faist, T. (2016). Cross-border migration and social inequalities. Annual Review of Sociology, 42,
323-346.
Garcia, S. J. 2017. Bridging critical race theory and migration: Moving beyond assimilation
theories. Sociology Compass, 11(6), e12484.
Gardner, A. 2011. "Gulf migration and the family." Journal of Arabian Studies 1 (1):3-25.
Gardner, A. 2018. "Reflections on the role of law in the Gulf migration system." The Journal of
Legal Studies 47 (S1): S129-S147.
Gardner, A., S. Pessoa, A. Diop, K. Al-Ghanim, K. Le, and L. Harkness. 2013. "A portrait of lowincome migrants in contemporary Qatar." Journal of Arabian Studies 3 (1):1-17.
Garnett, B. R., Masyn, K. E., Austin, S. B., Miller, M., Williams, D. R., & Viswanath, K. (2014). The
Intersectionality of Discrimination Attributes and Bullying Among Youth: An Applied
Latent Class Analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43(8), 1225-1239.
Glick Schiller, N., & Salazar, N. B. (2013). Regimes of mobility across the globe. Journal of Ethnic
and Migration Studies, 39(2), 183-200.
Gulf Labour Markets and Migration. (GLMM). 2019. “Demographic and Economic Module.”
Accessed at: https://gulfmigration.org/glmm-database/demographic-and-economicmodule/.
Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2015). The hidden American immigration consensus: A
conjoint analysis of attitudes toward immigrants. American Journal of Political Science,
59(3), 529-548.
Hancock, A.-M. (2007). When multiplication doesn't equal quick addition: Examining
intersectionality as a research paradigm. Perspectives on politics, 5(1), 63-79.
Henley & Partners. (2019). Henley Passport Index. Accessed at:
https://www.henleypassportindex.com/global-ranking
Hoffman, B. 2010. "Bringing Hirschmann back in. “Exit,”“voice,” and “loyalty” in the politics of
transnational migration. Latin Americanist 54 (2):57-73.
Hardwick, S. W. (2015). Coming of age: Migration theory in geography. In C. Brettel and J.
Hollifield (eds.) Migration Theory: Talking across Disciplines (pp. 198-226). Routledge.
Harnois, C. E., & Ifatunji, M. (2011). Gendered measures, gendered models: toward an
intersectional analysis of interpersonal racial discrimination. Ethnic and Racial Studies,
34(6), 1006-1028.
Jamal, M. A. 2015. "The “tiering” of citizenship and residency and the “hierarchization” of
migrant communities: The United Arab Emirates in historical context." International
Migration Review 49 (3):601-632.
Johnston, T. 2017. "Authoritarian abdication: Bargaining power and the role of firms in migrant
welfare." Studies in Comparative International Development 52 (3):301-326.
Jureidini, R. (2003). Migrant Workers and Xenophobia in the Middle East (Vol. 2).
Khalaf, A. 2015. The Politics of Migration. In A. Khalaf, O. AlShehabi & A. Hanieh (eds.) Transit
States: Labour, Migration and Citizenship in the Gulf (pp. 39-56). London: Pluto Press.
Khalaf, A., O. AlShehabi, and A. Hanieh. 2015. Transit States: Labour, Migration and Citizenship
in the Gulf. London: Pluto Press.
Knecht, E. 2019. Qatar disowns tourism official's comments on visas for 'enemies'. Reuters, May
5. Accessed at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qatar-politics/qatar-disownstourism-officials-comments-on-visas-for-enemies-idUSKCN1SB06O
Kynsilehto, A. 2011. Negotiating intersectionality in highly educated migrant Maghrebi women's
life stories. Environment and Planning a-Economy and Space, 43(7), 1547-61.
Longva, A. N. 1997. Walls Built on Sand: Migration, Exclusion, and Society in Kuwait. Boulder:
Westview Press.
Longva, A. N. 1999. "Keeping migrant workers in check: The Kafala system in the Gulf." Middle
East Report (211):20-22.
Longva, A. N. 2005. "Neither autocracy nor democracy but ethnocracy: Citizens, expatriates and
the socio-political system in Kuwait." Monarchies and nations: Globalisation and identity
in the Arab states of the Gulf:114-135.
Lori, N. 2011. "National security and the management of migrant labor: a case study of the
United Arab Emirates." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 20 (3-4):315-337.
Lori, N. 2019. Offshore Citizens: Cambridge University Press.
Lusis, T. and H. Bauder. 2010. "Immigrants in the labour market: Transnationalism and
segmentation." Geography Compass 4 (1):28-44.
Malit, F. T., and G. Naufal. 2016. "Asymmetric information under the Kafala sponsorship
system: Impacts on foreign domestic workers’ income and employment status in the
GCC countries." International Migration 54 (5):76-90.
McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and
Society, 30(3), 1771-1800.
Naidu, S., Y. Nyarko and S. Wang. 2016. "Monopsony power in migrant labor markets: Evidence
from the United Arab Emirates." Journal of Political Economy 124, no. 6 : 1735-92.
Nash, J. C. 2008. Re-thinking intersectionality. Feminist review, 89(1), 1-15.
Ngeh, J., & Pelican, M. (2018). Intersectionality and the Labour Market in the United Arab
Emirates: the Experiences of African Migrants. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 143(2), 171194.
Nguyen, H. T., & Duncan, A. S. (2020). Macroeconomic fluctuations in home countries and
immigrants’ well-being: New evidence from Down Under. International Migration
Review, 54(1), 205-232.
Okamoto, D. G, and R. Wilkes. 2008. "The opportunities and costs of voice and exit: Modelling
ethnic group rebellion and emigration." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 34
(3):347-369.
Papadopoulos, D., and V. S. Tsianos. 2013. "After citizenship: autonomy of migration,
organisational ontology and mobile commons." Citizenship studies 17 (2):178-196.
Parent, M. C., DeBlaere, C., & Moradi, B. (2013). Approaches to research on intersectionality:
Perspectives on gender, LGBT, and racial/ethnic identities. Sex Roles, 68(11-12), 639-45.
Paret, M., & Gleeson, S. (2016). Precarity and agency through a migration lens. Citizenship
Studies, 20(3-4), 277-294.
Parreñas, R. S., R. Silvey, M. C. Hwang, and C. A. Choi. 2018. "Serial labor migration: Precarity
and itinerancy among Filipino and Indonesian Domestic Workers." International
Migration Review.
Polzer, T. (2009). Negotiating rights: The politics of local integration. Refuge: Canada's Journal
on Refugees, 26(2), 92-106.
Pugh, J. D. (2018). Negotiating identity and belonging through the invisibility bargain:
Colombian forced migrants in Ecuador. International Migration Review, 52(4), 978-1010.
Romero, M. (2008). Crossing the immigration and race border: A critical race theory approach
to immigration studies. Contemporary Justice Review, 11(1), 23-37.
Roper, S. D., and L. A. Barria. 2014. "Understanding variations in Gulf migration and labor
practices." Middle East Law and Governance 6 (1):32-52.
Sadliwala, B. (2018). Gulf migration and cross-nationality relationships: A network case study
from Kuwait’s private sector. Master’s thesis. Boston, Tufts University.
Sanchez, S. 2019. Protecting the Passport: Defending US Borders Built in the United Arab
Emirates. American Anthropologist, 121(1), 89-100.
Scott, N. A., & Siltanen, J. (2017). Intersectionality and quantitative methods: Assessing
regression from a feminist perspective. International Journal of Social Research
Methodology, 20(4), 373-385.
Shah, N. M. 2017. "Kuwait is home: perceptions of happiness and belonging among second plus
generation non-citizens in Kuwait." Asian Population Studies 13 (2):140-160.
Soudy, N. 2017. "Home and belonging: a comparative study of 1.5 and second-generation
Egyptian ‘expatriates’ in Qatar and ‘immigrants’ in the US." Journal of Ethnic and
Migration Studies 43 (9):1544-1561.
Stasiulis, D., Jinnah, Z., & Rutherford, B. (2020). Migration, Intersectionality and Social Justice
(Guest Editors’ Introduction). Studies in Social Justice, 2020(14), 1-21.
Thiollet, H. 2016. “Managing migrant labour in the Gulf: Transnational dynamics of migration
politics since the 1930s.” International Migration Institute Working Paper 131.University
of Oxford.
Valenta, M., K. E. Knowlton, J. Jakobsen, M. Al-Awad, and Z. Strabac. 2019. "Temporary labour–
migration system and long–term residence strategies in the United Arab Emirates."
International Migration.
Van Hear, N. 2014. "Reconsidering migration and class." International Migration Review 48
(1_suppl):100-121.
Van Meeteren, M., Engbersen, G., & Van San, M. (2009). Striving for a better position:
Aspirations and the role of cultural, economic, and social capital for irregular migrants in
Belgium. International Migration Review, 43(4), 881-907.
Vora, N. 2013. Impossible citizens: Dubai’s Indian diaspora. Durham: Duke University Press.
Vora, N., and N. Koch. 2015. "Everyday Inclusions: Rethinking ethnocracy, kafala, and belonging
in the Arabian Peninsula." Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 15 (3):540-552.
Waldinger, R. (2015). The cross-border connection: Immigrants, emigrants, and their
homelands: Harvard University Press.
Warner, L. R. 2016. Invited reflection: Contested interpretations and methodological choices in
quantitative research. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(3), 342-346.