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Total Textile Process at a Glance
Submitted to : Dr. Zulhas Uddin
Color fastness of dye goods.
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Ma jo r Co lo r Fa stness Testes
Introduction
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 Colorfastness to Washing
The stability of color or its fastness is one of the most important requirements
of valuable customers. Colour fastness of a dyed goods means the resistance
power of a dyed goods against any hazards.
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The color textiles show different resistance power to different agencies such
as light, wash, rubbing, perspiration, water, bleach, acid, alkali etc.
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There are many types of testing of color fastness. But in the industry the
fastness test is done according to the buyer requirement.
 Colorfastness to Crocking / Rubbing
 Colorfastness to Perspiration
 Colorfastness to Hot Pressing
 Colorfastness to Dry Cleaning
 Colorfastness to Light
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Southeast University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering
 C o l o r Fa st n e ss To Wa s h
Test P r o c e d u r e
• Colorfastness to Washing is a method for determining the
resistance of the colour of textiles from all kinds of wash in water
with soap and detergent. There are different test methods to check
the color fastness to washing which is standardized by ISO.
APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:
 Gyro wash m/c (Wash-wheel & Stainless steel container)
 Stainless steel ball(diameter =0.6cm,wt. =1mg)
 Multi-fiber fabric
Temp.( ° C)
Time (mints)
Steel balls
Chemicals
 Thermometer (0-100) ° C
ISO-105-CO1
40
30
0
Soap(5 g/l)
 Sewing m/c
ISO-105-CO2
50
45
0
Soap(5 g/l)
 Dryer
ISO-105-CO3
60
30
0
Soap(5g/l) +soda ( 2 g/l)
ISO-105-CO4
95
30
10
Soap(5g/l) +soda ( 2 g/l)
ISO-105-CO5
95
240
10
Soap(5g/l) +soda ( 2 g/l)
Test
(Color fastness towash)
 ISO type grey scale for changing shade
 ISO type grey scale for staining
 Color matching cabinet (light box).
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Sample Preparation:
If the textile to be tested in fabric: Cut the sample fabric 10cm ×4 cm and make sure
all colors are included (if necessary use additional specimens) in it. Sew it along all four
edges with the same size of multi fiber fabric. This is the composite test specimen.
If the textile to be tested is yarn or loose fiber: Take a mass of yarn or fiber
approximately equal to ½ of the combined mass of the adjacent fabrics, then place
between a 10cm ×4 cm piece of multi – fiber fabric and a piece of same size non dye
able fabric and sew them along all four sides. This is the composite test specimen.
EVALUATION:
 Compare the contrast between the treated and untreated sample with
the changing grey scale and staining of color in the adjacent multifiber fabric with the staining grey scale.
 This assessment is done in a color matching cabinet under standard
lighting of D65 (Artificial day light).
According to ISO RECOMMENDATION NO3 (ISO 105 C03): The composite specimen is treated
in a wash wheel or an equivalent apparatus at 60 ± 2°C (140±3.6°F) for 30 mints using
the color fastness test detergents 77(ISO Std soap) 5 g/l and 2 g/l soda ash to a given
liquor ratio of 50:1.
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Finally we decreased the temperature and washed with cold water and dry them.
Fig: Grey scale
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F o r m a t of test R e p o r t
Description of test
Test result
Color fastness to washing
Method followed: ISO-105-C03
GRADE
Color change in shade
3-4
Staining in Acetate
Staining in Cotton
Staining in Nylon
Staining in Polyester
Staining in Acrylic
Staining in Wool
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Equipment that needed for measurement:
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Size of Fabric:
Crock Meter.
Cotton Rubbing Cotton.
Grey Scale
Stop Watch
Color Matching Cabinet.
• You will need to have 14 Cm ×
5 Cm pieces of textile fabric
sample (one warp direction/
wale direction and other weft/
course direction).
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Test Procedure of Color Fastness To
Rubbing:
Evaluation
• a) Lock the test specimen (textile sample) onto the
base of the crock meter.
b) Using the spinal clip, set 5 Cm × 5Cm of the white
cotton fabric to the finger of the crock meter.
c) Lower the covered finger on the test sample.
d) Turn hand crank at the rate of the one turn per
second.
e) Remove the white rubbing test cloth and e valuate
with grey scale.
Submitted to : Dr. Zulhas Uddin
Color fastness of dye goods.
• In this stage compare the
contrast between the treated
and untreated white rubbing
cloth with grey scale and rated 1
to 5.
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Procedure
Color Fastness to light
• This test measures the resistance to fading of
dyed textile when exposed to day-light.The test
sample is exposed to light for a certain time(24
hrs, 36 hrs,48 hrs, 72 hrs, etc) or by customer
demand and compare the change with original
unexposed sample.The changes are assessed
by Blue Scales (1-8).
• The sample is cut and should be exposed
(1/2 covered and 1/2 exposed) together
with standard dyed wool samples (1-8).
• The standard and the specimen mounted
in a frame.The composite sample must be
protected from rain.
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Color Fastness to Perspiration:
Evaluation:
• Evaluation is made numerically by
European/American blue Scale (1-8).
Principle:
• The garments which come into contact with the
body where perspiration is heavy may suffer
serious local discoloration. This test is intended to
determine the resistance of color of dyed textile to
the action of acidic and alkaline perspiration.
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Equipment:
Sample size: 10 cm * 4 cm
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Perspiration Tester
Oven, maintained at 372ºC temperature
Multifiber test fabric
Grey Scale
Color matching chamber
Acidic and Alkaline solution
Glass or Acrylic plate
Weight etc
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Test Procedure:
– Wet-out the composite test sample in mentioned alkaline or acidic
solution at room temperature. M:L ratio 1:50 and leave for 30
minutes.
– Pour off excess solution and place the composite sample between
two glass plate or acrylic plate under a pressure of 4.5 Kg and
place in an oven for 4 hours at 372ºC temperature.
– Remove the specimen and hang to dry in warm air not exceeding
60ºC.
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Evaluation
Colorfastness to Hot Pressing
Principle
Evaluation is done by Grey Scale in a color
matching cabinet and rated from 1 to 5.
Determination of the resistance of the color of dyed textiles to ironing and
pressing on the hot cylinder
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Apparatus and Materials:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Test specimen:
Heating device that can put a pressure on the specimen of 4kpa.
A smooth asbestos sheet (3-6 mm thickness)
Wool flannel
A piece of undyed, bleached and mercerized cotton cloth
Grey scales
Standard color matching cabinet
Distilled water
Cut 10cm x 4cm specimen from
each fabric sample
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Test Procedure:
Damp Pressing
i.
Condition the sample in standard atmosphere of 21 1℃ and
65  2 ℃RH before testing.
i.
Then select the specified temperature as follow: 110  2 ℃,150 2 ℃,
200  2 ℃
Dry pressing:
a.Place the dry specimen on top of the cotton cloth covering the
wool flannel pad
b.Lower the top plate of the heating device and leave the test
specimen for 15 sec at the recommended pressing temperature
ii.
A.
• Repeat iii (a) and soak to 100% pick-up of a piece of cotton
adjacent fabric in distilled water.
B.
• Place the soaked cotton fabric on top of the dry test specimen
and repeat iii (b)
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Wet Pressing
Evaluation
• a)
Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton adjacent fabric in
distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100% pick up.
• b)
Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton cloth
covering the wool flannel pad and repeat iii (b)
• a)
Numerically rate the color change immediately after testing and
again 4 hrs. in std atmosphere and std light using the Grey
Scale(1-5)
• b)
Numerically rate the staining of the more heavily stained side of
the cotton adjunct fabric under std light using Grey Scale (1-5)
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Southeast University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering
Test Report
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i. Mention the testing temperature .
ii. Test condition (dry, damp, wet)
iii. Numerical rating after testing and after 4 hrs
iv. Report the numerical rating for the staining of
cotton adjacent fabric
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Southeast University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering
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