SHEILA MAE A. MALESIDO
SAETECH – Subject Teacher
The Principles of Design
Contrast
The arrangement of opposite elements in an artwork
to create visual interest, excitement and drama.
Contrast of Size
Contrast of Value
Contrast of Color
Contrast of Texture
Variety
A principle of design concerned with the inclusion of
difference in the elements of a composition to offset
unity and add interest to an artwork.
Variety of Color
Variety of Texture
Variety of Value
Emphasis
A principle of design in which one element, or a combination of
elements, create more attention than anything else in a
composition. This dominant element is usually a focal point.
Emphasis of Color
Emphasis of Line
Emphasis of Size
Balance
A principle of design referring to the arrangement of visual
elements to create stability in an artwork. There are 3 types of
these arrangements: asymmetrical, symmetrical and radial.
Balance of Space
Balance of Value, Shape and Space
Type of Balance: Symmetrical Balance
(Also called “Formal Balance”)
This is when an artwork is “weighted” the same
on both sides of the artwork
Type of Balance: Asymmetrical Balance
(Also called “Informal Balance”)
Elements are placed unevenly in an artwork, but
balance each other out harmoniously.
Rhythm and Repetition
Using an element multiple times within the same artwork.
Repetition of shape,
space and color
Repetition of Line
Repetition of Shape
Repetition of Texture,
Shape and Space
Movement
Repetition of an element of art, or the use of a continuous element
of art, to direct the viewer’s eye around the artwork.
Pattern
The repetition of an element, or combinations of element, in a
recognizable organization.
Unity
A principle of design related to the sense of wholeness that results
from using one of the elements similarly throughout the entire
artwork.
Unity of Texture
Unity of Color
Unity of Shape
Line
• Line defines the shape of things with length and
direction; it can make a pattern, and cause the eye to
move from place to place.
• Lines can be thick, thin, wavy, curly, jagged, or
straight.
Shape
• Shapes- two dimensional objects (such as width and
height) no thickness; like a circle or square, triangles,
or irregular. -2D-
Form
• When a shape has three dimensions, it becomes a
form. -3D-
Color
• Visible light are seen differently by the eye
• Primary colors are red, yellow, and blue.
• Secondary colors are green, violet, orange.
• Tertiary colors are blue-green, yellow-orange, red-purple.
Texture
• Rough
• Coars
• eSmoot
•h
Fin
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Space
• Allowing open area between and around objects
that a shape or form occupies.
• Creating an appearance of depth or distance
(objects look near or far).