Tutorial-1: study questions (BIOC12612)
1. Briefly describe the following, using 5-6 sentences:
a) What are nucleotides
b) Nucleic acid structure
c) Nitrogenous base
d) Sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA
e) DNA major and minor grooves
f) DNA replication
g) Complementary bases
h) DNA replication bubble
i) DNA replication folk
j) leading strand
k) lagging strand
l) RNA Primer
m) Okazaki fragment
n) DNA polymerase
o) DNA helicase
p) Gene
q) RNA polymerase
r) Gene transcription
s) Gene promoter
t) Pribnow box
u) σ-factor
v) holoenzyme
w) Plasma membrane
x) transmembrane proteins
y) Operon
z) active transport
aa) Passive transport
ab) Phagocytosis
ac) Cp-transport
2. Briefly explain the Watson-crick structure of DNA
3. Explain how DNA double helix is formed from two single stranded DNA.
4. What is meant by `DNA replication is semiconservative’?
5. Briefly explain three stages of DNA replication, the initiation, elongation, and termination.
6. Briefly explain three stages of gene transcription.
7. Briefly explain Rho-independent prokaryotic gene transcription termination mechanism.