Before the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
(GHS) was created and implemented, there were many different regulations on hazard
classification in use in different countries, resulting in multiple standards, classifications
and labels for the same hazard. Given the $1.7 trillion per year international trade in
chemicals requiring hazard classification, the cost of compliance with multiple systems of
classification and labeling is significant.
The GHS development began at the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and
Development by the United Nations[3] also called Earth Summit (1992) when
the International Labor Organization (ILO), the Organization for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD), various governments and other stakeholders agreed that "A
globally harmonized hazard classification and compatible labelling system,
including material safety data sheets and easily understandable symbols, should be
available if feasible, by the year 2000"