! " Летняя сессия Личный ĸабинет / Курсы / Фаĸультеты / БАЗА ЗНАНИЙ / Летняя_сессия / ЛЕЧЕБНОЕ ДЕЛО / 3 ĸурс Лечебное дело "Фармаĸология" на английсĸом 3 ĸурс Лечебное дело "Фармаĸология" на английсĸом The term "Pharmacokinetics" includes all В 001 О А Interaction of drugs with specific receptors О Б Absorption of drugs О В Distribution of drugs in the body О Г Deposition of drugs in the body О Д Biotransformation of drugs О Е Elimination of drugs from the body В 002 О А Passive diffusion О Б Filtering О В Pinocytosis О Г Active transport О Д Light diffusion except: The main mechanism of absorption of drugs from the digestive tract: The penetration of drugs through the В 003 membranes against the concentration gradient is carried out by: О А Active transport О Б Filtering О В Passive diffusion О Г Lightweight diffusion В 004 О А Hydrophilic compounds О Б Lipophilic compounds О В Both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds When substances are administrated orally by filtration are absorbed: Absorption of weak electrolytes from the В 005 gastrointestinal tract with an increase in the degree of their ionization: О А Weakens О Б Increases О В Does not change В 006 О А Both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds О Б Polar hydrophilic compounds only О В Only non-polar lipophilic compounds Which intramuscularly administered drugs are well absorbed: The absorption of substances during В 007 intramuscular and subcutaneous administration depends on: The intensity of blood supply to the tissues at О А О Б Degrees of ionization of substances О В Binding to plasma proteins В 008 О А Biotransformation of substances in the liver О Б Lipophilicity of the substance О В Degrees of ionization of substances О Г Binding of substances to plasma proteins О Д Intensity of blood supply to organs and tissues the injection site Drug distribution in the body depends on all of these factors, except: Which drugs more easily penetrate through В 009 the blood-brain, blood-ophthalmic and other barriers from the blood to tissues: О А Non-polar lipophilic compounds О Б Polar hydrophilic compounds О В Ionized molecules of weak electrolytes В 010 О А Prolonged О Б Shortened О В Does not change В 011 О А О Б О В В 012 О А О Б In the elderly О В In diseases of the liver О Г In children in the first months of life О Д О Е When a significant part of the drug is bound to plasma proteins, its effect Liver enzymes act on lipophilic compounds, because lipophilic substances are: Easily penetrate through the membranes of hepatocytes by passive diffusion They penetrate through the membranes of hepatocytes by active transport Specifically interact with hepatocyte receptors Drug biotransformation rate is reduced in all cases, except: When using inducers of microsomal liver enzymes When using inhibitors of microsomal liver enzymes With a decrease in hepatic blood flow The bioavailability of the drug when В 013 administered orally shows how much of the administered dose: О А Reaches the systemic blood flow О Б О В В 014 О А Increases О Б Decreases О В Does not change В 015 О А Excretion and biotransformation О Б Biotransformation only О В Excretion only В 016 О А It can not have a resorptive effect О Б It can have both local and resorptive effects О В It can have a direct effect О Г May cause reflex action В 017 О А О Б О В В 018 О А Partial agonists О Б Agonists-antagonists О В Antagonists В 019 О А О Б О В О Г G-protein-mediated effect on enzyme activity О Д Effect on the transcription of DNA О Е В 020 О А The value of the maximum effect О Б Minimum effective dose О В В 021 О А Idiosyncrasy О Б Hypersensitivity О В Accumulation О Г Sensitization О Д Tolerance О Е Tachyphylaxis В 0022 О А Potentiation О Б Addictive behavior О В Drug dependence О Г Cumulation В 0023 О А О Б Absorbed from the intestine into the portal vein Reaches the location of action Renal excretion of weak electrolytes with increasing ionization: Drug concentration decreasing in the blood plasma during its elimination occurs due to: Topical application of the drug is characterized by everything except: Intrinsic activity is defined as the ability of a substance: Stimulate the receptors and cause a pharmacological effect Bind to specific receptors Block specific receptors and produce a pharmacological effect Substances that have less intrinsic activity than full agonists are called: Principles of agonist action are everything except: Effect on the phospholipids of the cell membrane G-protein-mediated effect on ion channel permeability Direct effect on the activity of the effector enzyme A direct effect on the permeability of ion channels It is possible to judge the effectiveness of a drug by: The dose at which the substance causes the maximum therapeutic effect A genetically determined atypical reaction to a drug substance is called: Repeated administration of drugs can cause all except: Physical drug dependence is characterized by everything except: Improvement of well-being after rapid drug withdrawal Improvement of well-being after administration of drugs The development of withdrawal symptoms О В (psychosomatic disorders) upon drug withdrawal О В Г The need for gradual withdrawal of the drug in the treatment of physical dependence 0024 The additive effect is characterized by: Summing the effects of drugs when co- О А О Б О В О Г В 0025 О А Binding of the drug to plasma proteins О Б Drug interactions when co- administered О В О Г Slowing administration of drug О Д Cumulation О Е Administration of the drug in toxic doses В administered Excess amounts of drugs effects Amplification effect upon repeated administration of the drug Reducing the effect of drugs while taking Toxic effects can occur due to all of the following, except: Slowing metabolism of the drug-induced state of the organism and its individual features 0026 Teratogenic effects of drugs can occur: О А In I trimester of pregnancy О Б In II trimester of pregnancy О В In III trimester of pregnancy В 0027 Mutagenic effect of the drug: О А О Б О В О Г В Damage to the genetic apparatus, which leads to changes in the offspring genotype Adverse effects on the fetus, resulting in congenital malformations Adverse effect on the fetus, slowing down its development Effects on the fetus leading to tumor development 0028 M-cholinomimetic: О А Pilocarpine О Б Galantamine О В Neostigmine О Г Cytisine О Д Carbacholine В 0029 N-cholinomimetic: О А Cytisine О Б Pilocarpine О В Galantamine О Г Neostigmine О Д Carbacholine В 0030 M-cholinomimetics cause: А Miosis and decreased intraocular pressure О Б Miosis and increased intraocular pressure О В Miosis and paralysis of accommodation О Г Mydriasis and accommodation paralysis В 0031 Effects of M-cholinomimetics: А Increased secretion of exocrine glands О Б Improving atrioventricular conduction О В Increased blood pressure О Г Decreased bronchial tone О Д Facilitate neuromuscular transmission В 0032 M-cholinomimetics increase: А Smooth muscle tone of internal organs О Б Blood vessel tone О В Heart rate О Г Skeletal muscle tone В 0033 Pilocarpine causes all effects except: А Dilates the pupil О Б Constricts the pupil О В Causes a spasm of accommodation О Г Reduces intraocular pressure В 0034 Neostigmine causes: А Increasing of skeletal muscle tone О Б Increased in heart rate О В Increased blood pressure О Г О Д Inhibition of the exocrine gland’s secretion О Е Mydriasis В 0035 Decreased motility of smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract The same effects of M-cholinomimetics and anticholinesterase agents are all except: А Increased skeletal muscle tone О Б Decreased intraocular pressure О В Spasm of accommodation О Г Increased secretion of exocrine glands О Д Decreased heart rate О Е О Ж В Increased tone of smooth muscles of internal organs Miosis 0036 Anticholinesterase drugs: А Inhibit acetylcholinesterase О Б Reduce the action of acetylcholine О В Suppress the synthesis of acetylcholine О Г Increase the synthesis of acetylcholine В 0037 M-cholinomimetics are used to reduce: А Intraocular pressure О Б Blood pressure О В Heart rate О Г Atrioventricular conduction О Д Smooth muscle tone В 0038 Indications of Pilocarpine: А Glaucoma О Б Bronchial asthma О В Intestinal atony О Г Fundus studies О Д Atony of the bladder О Е Myasthenia gravis В 0039 N-cholinomimetics are used: А To facilitate withdrawal of people from smoking О Б In bronchospasm О В To increase the secretion of the glands О Г To lower blood pressure В 0040 Acetylcholinesterase reactivators weaken the effect of: А Organophosphorus compounds О Б Reversible anticholinesterase agents О В M-cholinomimetics В 0041 In case of poisoning with neostigmine used: А M-anticholinergics О Б N-cholinomimetics О В Acetylcholinesterase reactivators В 0042 Pilocarpine in the treatment of glaucoma causes: А Spasm of accommodation О Б Photophobia О В Decreased secretion of tear fluid В 0043 M-cholinomimetics: А All answers are correct Cause the effects of activating О Б О В О Г Used in glaucoma О Д M-cholinergic receptor agonists В parasympathetic innervation Facilitate the outflow of intraocular fluid and reduce intraocular pressure 0044 Anticholinesterase drugs: А All answers are correct Cause the effects of activating О Б О В Facilitate neuromuscular transmission О Г Used for intestinal and bladder atony О Д Used for reducing skeletal muscle tone О Е May cause bronchospasm and bradycardia О Ж Prevent hydrolysis of acetylcholine В parasympathetic innervation 0045 Cytisine: А All answers are correct With systemic action, causes the effects of О Б О В Reflexively stimulates the respiratory center О Г They are used to facilitate smoking cessation О Д Neuronal type N-cholinergic receptor agonist В activating sympathetic innervation 0046 Neostigmine: А All answers are correct О Б Poorly penetrates the central nervous system О В Causes miosis О Г It is used for intestinal and bladder atony О Д It is used to reduce skeletal muscle tone О Е Reversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase В 0047 Galantamine: А All answers are correct О Б Tertiary amine, crosses the blood-brain barrier О В Effective for bowel and bladder atony О Г It is used to reduce skeletal muscle tone О Д Used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease О Е Reversible anticholinesterase agent В 0048 Blocks M1-cholinergic receptors predominantly А Pirenzepine О Б Tropicamide О В Atropine О Г Scopolamine О Д Ipratropium bromide В 0049 Short-acting neuromuscular synapse blockers (5-10 min): А Ditilin (suxamethonium) О Б Tropicamide О В Gigronium О Г Pipecuronium В 0050 Long-acting neuromuscular synapse blocker: А Pipecuronium О Б Pentamine (Azamethonium) О В Ditilin (Suxamethonium) О Г Tropicamide В 0051 Depolarizing neuromuscular synapse blocker: А Ditilin (suxamethonium) О Б Gigronium О В Atracurium О Г Pipecuronium В 0052 О Effects of M-cholinergic antagonists - all except: А Increased secretion of the lacrimal glands Б Increased intraocular pressure О В Paralysis of accommodation О Г Mydriasis В 0053 M-cholinergic antagonists reduce everything except: А Heart rate О Б Exocrine gland secretion О В Ciliary muscle tone О Г Bladder tone В 0054 M-cholinergic antagonists cause relaxation of: А All answers are correct О Б Ciliary muscle О В Bronchi О Г Circular iris muscle В 0055 Ganglion blockers cause everything except: А Increased intestinal motility О Б Paralysis of accommodation О В Decreased secretion of exocrine glands О Г Decreased tone of blood vessels О Д Mydriasis В 0056 The central nervous system in therapeutic doses is depressed by: А Scopolamine О Б Tropicamide О В Atracurium О Г Atropine О Д Ipratropium О Е Pirenzepine В 0057 M-cholinergic antagonists cause mydriasis because they relax: А Circular muscle of the iris О Б Radial muscle of the iris О В Ciliary muscle In case of poisoning with anticholinesterase В 0058 agents, atropine eliminates their effects associated with activation: А Neuroeffector parasympathetic synapses О Б Neuromuscular synapses О В Neuroeffective sympathetic synapses О Г Ganglionic synapses The effects of ganglion blockers due to the В 0059 blockade of the parasympathetic ganglia are all except: А Dilation of blood vessels О Б Paralysis of accommodation О В Decreased secretion of exocrine glands О Г Mydriasis О Д Decreased intestinal motility and bladder tone В 0060 А О Б О В В 0061 Pentamine (azamethonium) lowers blood pressure because: Blocks N-cholinergic receptors in the sympathetic ganglia Blocks N-cholinergic receptors in the parasympathetic ganglia Depresses the vasomotor center Effects of M-cholinergic antagonists which have a pharmacological value, all except: А Increased intraocular pressure О Б Mydriasis О В Decreased secretion of exocrine glands О Г Paralysis of accommodation О Д Increased heart rate О Е Improving atrioventricular conduction О Ж В Decreased tone of smooth muscles of internal organs 0062 Ipratropium is used for: А Broncho-obstructive lung diseases О Б Hypersecretion of gastric glands О В В Spastic contractions of the abdominal cavity smooth muscle organs 0063 Pirenzepine is used for: А Hypersecretion of gastric glands О Б Broncho-obstructive lung diseases О В В 0064 А О Б Spastic contractions of the abdominal cavity smooth muscle organs Tropicamide is used in ophthalmic practice because: With a single application, it acts on the muscles of the eye for a short time Reduces intraocular pressure When applied topically selectively blocks m- О В cholinergic receptors of the eye’s smooth muscles В 0065 With atropine poisoning occurs all except: А Sedation О Б Hallucinations, delusions О В Psychomotor agitation О Г Photophobia О Д Tachycardia О Е Dry mouth О Ж Hyperthermia В 0066 Ganglion blockers: А All answers are correct Eliminate the effects of parasympathetic О Б О В О Г О Д О Е Cause orthostatic hypotension О Ж Used to relieve hypertensive crises О З Block neuronal type N-cholinergic receptors В innervation Eliminate the effects of sympathetic innervation Reduce the tone of blood vessels Reduce the tone of the gastrointestinal tract smooth muscles 0067 Atropine: А All answers are correct Blocks M-cholinergic receptors of various О Б О В О Г Easily penetrates the blood-tissue barriers О Д Can cause an acute attack of glaucoma О Е О Ж В subtypes Indiscriminately blocks the M-cholinergic receptors of the exocrine glands Causes symptoms of acute psychosis in toxic doses Belladonna alkaloid 0068 a1-Adrenoceptors agonist is: А Phenylephrine О Б Galazolin (xylometazoline) О В Norepinephrine (norepinephrine) О Г Dobutamine О Д Salmeterol В 0069 b1-Adrenoceptors agonist is: А Dobutamine О Б Salmeterol О В Fenoterol О Г Salbutamol О Д Phenylephrine В 0070 b2- adrenoceptors long-acting agonist is: А Salmeterol О Б Fenoterol О В Dobutamine О Г Adrenaline (epinephrine) О Д Galazolin (xylometazoline) О Е Salbutamol В 0071 Sympathomimetic А Ephedrine О Б Salbutamol О В Galazolin (xylometazoline) О Г Adrenaline (epinephrine) О Д Phenylephrine В 0072 А О Б О В Sympathomimetic effects are caused predominantly by stimulation of: Norepinephrine releasing into the synaptic cleft Secretion of adrenaline by adrenal chromaffin cells Adrenergic receptors Epinephrine (adrenaline) effects due to the В 0073 stimulation of b-adrenergic receptors – are all except: А Mydriasis О Б Increased heart rate О В Increased heart rate О Г Facilitation of atrioventricular conduction О Д Increasing the automatism of Purkinje fibers О Е Bronchodilatation О Ж Increased renin secretion В 0074 b1-Adrenoceptors agonists cause А Increased heart rate О Б Decreased heart rate О В Vasoconstriction О Г Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle В 0075 All following drugs reduce the tone of the bronchi, except: А Norepinephrine (norepinephrine) О Б Salbutamol О В Salmeterol О Г Fenoterol О Д Adrenaline (epinephrine) О Е Ephedrine В 0076 Drugs which increase glucose concentration in the blood: А Adrenaline (epinephrine) О Б Dobutamine О В Phenylephrine О Г Galazolin (xylometazoline) В 0077 a1-Adrenoceptros agonists, when administered intravenously, can cause bradycardia because: Reflexively activates the influence of the vagus А nerve on the heart due to increased blood pressure О Б О В В 0078 А О Б О В В 0079 Penetrate into the central nervous system and stimulate the vagus nerve centers Have a direct inhibitory effect on the automatism of the sinus node Intravenous norepinephrine can cause a decreasing in heart rate because it: Increases blood pressure and activates the baroreceptor reflex Penetrates into the central nervous system and inhibits the vasomotor center Has a direct depressing effect on the automatism of the sinus node Phenylephrine is used for all indications, except: А As a bronchodilator О Б As a decongestant for rhinitis О В To increase blood pressure О Г Combined with local anesthetics В 0080 Galazolin (Xylometazoline) is used in treatment: А Rhinitis О Б To increase blood pressure О В Glaucoma О Г Acute heart failure В 0081 Dobutamine is used for all indications, except: А Bronchial asthma О Б Atrioventricular block О В Bradycardia О Г Acute heart failure В 0082 Indications of norepinephrine: А Vascular collapse О Б Chronic hypotension О В Atrioventricular block О Г Anaphylactic shock О Д Bronchospasm The local vasoconstrictive effect of В 0083 phenylephrine is used for all indications, except: А To reduce edema of the bronchial mucosa О Б To stop bleeding О В Combined with local anesthetics О Г Rhinitis В 0084 Norepinephrine can cause: А Bradycardia О Б Hypoglycemia О В Miosis О Г Bronchospasm О Д Tissue ischemia В 0085 Phenylephrine is: А All answers are correct О Б Constricts blood vessels О В Used to increase blood pressure О Г О Д В Local vasoconstrictor action is used for rhinitis, to stop bleeding α1-adrenoceptors agonist 0086 Side effects of ephedrine are all except: А Drowsiness О Б Tachycardia О В Insomnia О Г Orthostatic hypertension О Д Drug addiction В 0087 For salbutamol is not typical: А It causes mild tachycardia О Б Prescribed by inhalations О В It is used to relieve bronchospasm О Г Used for the threat of premature birth В 0088 Adrenaline (epinephrine): А All answers are correct О Б Reduces the tone of the bronchi О В Effective only when administered parenterally О Г May cause arrhythmia О Д Acts briefly О Е The drug of choice for anaphylactic shock В 0089 Ephedrine: А All answers are correct Relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchi, О Б has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system О В Increases blood pressure О Г May cause drug dependence О Д Has an indirect adrenomimetic effect В 0090 β-adrenergic antagonists are all except: А Doxazosin О Б Atenolol О В Propranolol О Г Timolol О Д Metoprolol О Е Bisoprolol В 0091 a-, b- adrenergic antagonist: А Carvedilol О Б Metoprolol О В Propranolol О Г Atenolol О Д Bisoprolol О Е Doxazosin В 0092 Sympatholytic: А Reserpine О Б Timolol О В Doxazosin О Г Propranolol В 0093 b-adrenergic antagonists reduce everything except: А Bronchial tone О Б Heart rate О В Atrioventricular conduction О Г Purkinje fiber automatism О Д Myocardial oxygen demand О Е The strength of the heart contractions В 0094 a-, b- adrenergic antagonists have all effects, except: А Increased intestinal motility О Б Decreased heart rate О В Decrease in myocardial oxygen demand О Г Decreased tone of blood vessels О Д Decreased heart rate В 0095 Propranolol is characterized by everything except: А Increases the secretion of renin О Б Slows down atrioventricular conduction О В Reduces the automatism of cardiomyocytes О Г Decreases blood pressure О Д О Е В Decreases heart rate and force of heart contractions Increases bronchial tone 0096 Carvedilol causes all effects except: А Decreased bronchial tone О Б Slowing of atrioventricular conduction О В Decreased blood pressure О Г О Д Reduced automatism of Purkinje fibers О Е Decrease in myocardial oxygen demand В 0097 А Decreased heart rate and force of heart contractions Tamsulosin blocks predominantly adrenoceptors in: Smooth muscles of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra О Б Smooth muscles of blood vessels О В Cardiomyocytes О Г Adipocytes В 0098 The main effect of Tamsulosin: А Decreased tone of smooth muscles of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra О Б Hypotension О В Decreased automatism of cardiomyocytes О Г Bronchodilatory action В 0099 А b-adrenergic antagonists are effective in coronary heart disease, because: Reduce heart rate and reduce myocardial oxygen demand О Б Dilate blood vessels О В Inhibit oxidative processes in the myocardium О Г Reduces venous return В 0100 b-adrenergic antagonists: А О Б О В О Г В Reduce intraocular pressure without changing pupil size Narrowing the pupil and lowering intraocular pressure Dilate the pupil and increase intraocular pressure Do not affect pupil size and intraocular pressure 0101 Tamsulosin is used for: А Benign prostatic hyperplasia О Б Peripheral vasospasm О В Hypertension О Г Angina pectoris В 0102 О For Ischemic heart disease treatment effective all drugs except: А Doxazosin Б Metoprolol О В Atenolol О Г Carvedilol О Д Bisoprolol О Е Propranolol В 0103 Indications for carvedilol are all, except for: А Raynaud's disease О Б Chronic heart failure О В Hypertension О Г Coronary heart disease В 0104 Drug used to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma: А Timolol О Б Prazosin О В Doxazosin О Г Reserpine В 0105 b1-, b2-adrenoceptors antagonists can cause all side effects except: А Intestinal atony О Б Suppression of atrioventricular conduction О В Reducing myocardial contractility О Г Bronchospasm О Д Bradycardia В 0106 Reserpine causes all side effects except: А Reflex tachycardia О Б Depression О В Parkinsonism О Г Sedative effect О Д Increased secretion of exocrine glands О Е Increased intestinal motility В 0107 А Every characteristic is typical for Propofol, except for: It has a strong analgesic effect Induces anesthesia 30-40 seconds after О Б О В Acts for a short time (3-10 minutes) О Г Recovery from anesthesia is quick injection into a vein Bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiac В 0108 arrhythmias are caused by the following general anesthetic: А Fluorothane (halothane) О Б Nitrogen oxide (dinitrogen oxide) О В Thiopental (sodium thiopental) О Г Propofol В 0109 Sensitivity of the myocardium to oxygen increases by following general anesthetic: А Fluorothane (halothane) О Б Thiopental (sodium thiopental) О В Propofol О Г Nitrogen oxide (dinitrogen oxide) Administered by inhalation, has a high narcotic В 0110 activity, causes bradycardia, decreases blood pressure, sensitizes the myocardium to adrenaline – it’s all about: А Fluorothane (halothane) О Б Propofol О В Nitrogen oxide (dinitrogen oxide) О Г Ketamine Administered by inhalation, has low narcotic activity, is usually used in combination with В 0111 active agents for anesthesia, does not cause aftereffect, has a pronounced analgesic effect, can be used to relieve pain in myocardial infarction – it’s all about: А Nitrogen oxide (dinitrogen oxide) О Б Ketamine О В Thiopental (sodium thiopental) О Г Fluorothane (Halothane) В 0112 "Non-benzodiazepine" benzodiazepine receptor agonist А Zolpidem О Б Flumazenil О В Diazepam О Г Nitrazepam В 0113 Diazepam's effects are all except: А Increased skeletal muscle tone О Б Hypnotic О В Anticonvulsant (antiepileptic) О Г Anxiolytic О Д Sedative В 0114 Minimal effect on sleep structure provides: А Zolpidem О Б Nitrazepam О В Phenazepam О Г Phenobarbital В 0115 А Nitrazepam characterized by everything except for: It relaxes the skeletal muscles by blocking neuromuscular transmission О Б Has anxiolytic effect О В Has a hypnotic effect О Г Interacts with benzodiazepine receptors О Д Muscle relaxant of central action О Е Has an anticonvulsant effect О Ж May cause drug dependence В 0116 The rebound phenomenon after discontinuation of using hypnotics is due to: А Influence on the sleep structure О Б Induction of liver microsomal enzymes О В Material drugs cumulation О Г Drug addiction О Д H1-histamine receptors blockade О Е Tolerance В 0117 А Regarding hypnotics, all statements are correct, except: Barbiturates do not cause drug dependence Nitrazepam is less affects on sleep structure О Б О В Diazepam has anxiolytic effect О Г Zolpidem has little affect on sleep structure О Д than barbiturates Doxylamine is a H1-histamic receptors antagonist (blocker) Non-opioid drugs from different В 0118 pharmacological groups that have analgesic activity are all except: А Butorphanol О Б Amitriptyline О В Carbamazepine О Г Ketamine О Д Nitrogen oxide (dinitrogen oxide) О Е Gabapentin В 0119 Non-opioid analgesics with central action: А Paracetamol О Б Butorphanol О В Buprenorphine О Г Morphine О Д Metamizole sodium (analgin) Analgesics from the group of full opioid В 0120 receptor agonists cause all pharmacological effects except: А Antipyretic effect О Б Euphoria О В Respiratory depression О Г Analgesia О Д Drug addiction О Е Constipation О Ж Miosis В 0121 Buprenorphine is characterized by everything except: А Opioid mu-receptors agonist О Б Partial opioid mu-receptors agonist О В Opioid analgesic О Г О Д В 0122 Less than morphine causes respiratory depression Less frequently than morphine causes drug dependence An opioid analgesic used for neurolept analgesia is: А Fentanyl О Б Paracetamol О В Amitriptyline О Г Morphine В 0123 Acute morphine poisoning is characterized by all effects except: А Psychomotor agitation О Б Coma О В Respiratory depression О Г Miosis В 0124 The analgesic effect of Amitriptyline is due to: А Activation of adrenergic and serotonergic transmission in CNS О Б By opioid receptors activation О В Stimulation of GABAergic processes О Г Decreased production of prostaglandins in CNS Opium alkaloid; has an analgesic effect; В 0125 euphoric; depresses breathing; used for traumatic and postoperative pain is: А Morphine О Б Tramadol О В Promedol (trimeperidine) О Г Fentanyl Non-opioid analgesic; has an analgesic and В 0126 antipyretic effect, almost has no antiinflammatory properties: А Paracetamol О Б Ketamine О В Amitriptyline О Г Carbamazepine В 0127 А All statements regarding central analgesics are correct, except: Promedol (trimeperidine) - non-opioid analgesic О Б Morphine can cause euphoria О В Paracetamol has no anti-inflammatory effect О Г В Carbamazepine is used for trigeminal neuralgia 0128 The antipsychotic effect is explained by: А Dopaminergic inhibition processes in the CNS О Б Adrenergic inhibition processes in the CNS О В О Г В 0129 Dopaminergic stimulation processes in the CNS Adrenergic stimulation processes in the CNS Aminazine (chlorpromazine) is characterized by everything except for: А Has an antidepressant effect О Б Has a sedative effect О В Reduces motor activity О Г О Д Has antiemetic effect О Е Causes extrapyramidal disorders В 0130 А Eliminates productive symptoms of psychosis (delusions, hallucinations) Clozapine is characterized by all the following statement except: Has antidepressant properties Reduces negative symptoms of psychosis О Б (decreased motivation, depression of emotions) Reduces productive symptoms of psychosis О В О Г May cause leukopenia, agranulocytosis О Д Rarely causes extrapyramidal disorders В (delusions, hallucinations) 0131 Antipsychotic drugs are not used: А For the treatment of parkinsonism О Б For vomiting of CNS origin О В О Г For the treatment of psychosis О Д For relief of acute psychomotor agitation В 0132 To enhance the action of anesthetics, opioid analgesics For correction of extrapyramidal disorders caused by antipsychotic agents are used: А Central cholinergic antagonists О Б Dopaminergic agonists О В MAO-B inhibitors О Г Muscle relaxants For correction of extrapyramidal disorders В 0133 caused by antipsychotic agents the next drug is used: А Cyclodol (trihexyphenidyl) О Б Levodopa О В Bromocriptine О Г Selegiline В 0134 Which drug is not an antidepressant? А Haloperidol О Б Imizine (imipramine) О В Moclobemide О Г Maprotiline О Д Amitriptyline В 0135 Antidepressant drug - selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin uptake is: А Fluvoxamine О Б Amitriptyline О В Moclobemide О Г Maprotiline Eliminates the productive symptoms of psychosis (delirium, hallucinations); has sedative and antiemetic effects, causes В 0136 extrapyramidal disturbances, lowers blood pressure, reduces or "perverts" the vasopressor effect of adrenaline – it’s all about: А Aminazine (chlorpromazine) О Б Amitriptyline О В Sulpirid О Г Lithium carbonate Antipsychotic; the psychosedative effect is less than that of chlorpromazine В 0137 (chlorpromazine); less decreases blood pressure, often causes extrapyramidal disorders – it’s all about: А Haloperidol О Б Amitriptyline О В Sulpirid О Г Maprotiline Eliminates the productive symptoms of В 0138 psychosis (delusions, hallucinations), rarely causes extrapyramidal disorders, can cause agranulocytosis – it’s all about: А Aminazine (chlorpromazine) О Б Amitriptyline О В Clozapine О Г Fluoxetine О Д Haloperidol Causes antidepressant and sedative effects, В 0139 non-selectively inhibits the neuronal uptake of monoamines (norepinephrine and serotonin): А Amitriptyline О Б Lithium carbonate О В Fluoxetine О Г Maprotiline О Д Chlorpromazine Has antidepressant and psychoactive В 0140 properties selectively inhibits neuronal uptake of serotonin, does not have an atropine-like effect – it’s all about: А Fluvoxamine О Б Amitriptyline О В Maprotiline О Г Imizine (imipramine) О Д Chlorpromazine В 0141 А All statements regarding antipsychotics and antidepressants are correct except: Fluoxetine has strong atropine-like effect Maprotiline inhibits neuronal uptake of О Б О В О Г Droperidol is used for neurolept analgesia О Д Amitriptyline has no psychostimulant effect В monoamines Clozapine rarely causes drug-induced parkinsonism 0142 A non-anxiolytic drug is: А Piracetam О Б Buspirone О В Phenazepam О Г Mesapam (medazepam) О Д Diazepam В 0143 The drug, which is an anxiolytic - serotonin receptor agonist is: А Buspirone О Б Diazepam О В Phenazepam О Г Mesapam (Medazepam) В 0144 Diazepam's effects are all listed, except: А Antipsychotic О Б Anticonvulsant О В Hypnotic О Г Anxiolytic О Д Decreased skeletal muscle tone О Е Sedative О Ж Amnestic (memory impairment) The benzodiazepine group’s anxiolytics В 0145 enhance GABAergic processes in the brain due to: А Increasing the sensitivity of GABA receptors to the mediator Suppression of the enzyme that inactivates О Б О В Direct stimulation of GABA receptors О Г Stimulating GABA synthesis В 0146 GABA Diazepam is characterized by everything except: А Causing extrapyramidal disorders О Б Has anxiolytic activity О В Has anticonvulsant activity О Г Enhances GABA-ergic processes in the CNS О Д Central muscle relaxant action В 0147 The main effect of valerian preparations: А Sedative О Б Antidepressant О В Antipsychotic О Г Anxiolytic В 0148 Which effect sydnocarb (mesocarb) causes: А Reducing the need for sleep Temporary decreased mental and physical О Б О В Lowering blood pressure О Г Decreased skeletal muscle tone В performance 0149 Caffeine causes all effects except: А Decreased skeletal muscle tone О Б Reducing the need for sleep О В О Г О Д Increased strength and heart rate О Е Increased secretion of stomach glands В Temporary increase in mental and physical performance Increased activity of the respiratory and vasomotor centers 0150 Sydnocarb (mesocarb) is used: А О Б О В In narcolepsy (pathological sleepiness) To eliminate delirium and hallucinations in psychosis To eliminate emotional stress, anxiety and fear in neuroses В 0151 Which drugs is a nootropic agent? А Piracetam О Б Sydnocarb (mesocarb) О В Mesapam (medazepam) О Г Caffeine О Д Lobelin В 0152 Which drug is used in mental deficiency associated with organic brain lesions? А Piracetam О Б Sydnocarb (mesocarb) О В Diazepam О Г Caffeine This drug has anxiolytic, hypnotic, В 0153 anticonvulsant properties; administered orally and intravenously; used for neuroses, insomnia, for relief of status epilepticus: А Diazepam О Б Piracetam О В Sydnocarb (mesocarb) О Г Mesapam (medazepam) Anxiolytic drug with benzodiazepine structure, В 0154 it has mild sedative and hypnotic effects; used for neuroses, can be used in the daytime: А Mesapam (medazepam) О Б Diazepam О В Phenazepam О Г Sydnocarb (mesocarb) It stimulates mental and physical performance, has little effect on the cardiovascular system; В 0155 used for pathological drowsiness, asthenic conditions; side effects are insomnia and anxiety: А Sydnocarb (mesocarb) О Б Mesapam (medazepam) О В Caffeine О Г Piracetam В 0156 All of the following is characteristic of Camphor, except: А Drug addiction О Б Stimulates the respiratory center О В Has a local irritant effect О Г Stimulates the vasomotor center О Д It has a direct stimulatory effect on the heart О Е Used to stimulate breathing В 0157 Caffeine is used for all indications, except for: А Hypertension О Б Hypotension О В As a respiratory stimulant О Г As a psychostimulant О Д Migraine В 0158 In case of caffeine overdose, which one effect is not possible? А Collapse О Б Tachycardia О В Insomnia О Г Cardiac arrhythmia В 0159 Antitussive agent of peripheral action: А Libexin (prenoxydiazine) О Б Codeine О В Glaucin О Г Guaifenesin В 0160 Expectorant of reflex action: А Infusion of thermopsis herb О Б Potassium iodide О В Sodium bicarbonate О Г Trypsin О Д Acetylcysteine В 0161 Which pharmacological group provides bronchodilator effect? А β2-Adrenomimeics О Б α-blockers О В Ganglion blockers О Г β1-blockers О Д M-cholinomimetics В 0162 Myotropic bronchodilator is: А Theophylline О Б Formoterol О В Cromolyn Sodium (as Sodium Cromoglycate) О Г Montelukast О Д Tiotropium О Е Ephedrine В 0163 Which group of drugs is not used in bronchial asthma? А Analeptics О Б β2-Adrenomimetics О В Glucocorticoids О Г M-cholinergic antagonists О Д Leukotriene-receptor blockers В 0164 Select leukotriene-receptor blocker drug: А Montelukast О Б Cromoglicic acid О В Ipratropium bromide О Г Beclomethasone В 0165 Cytisine stimulates respiration due to Ncholinergic receptors activation of: А Carotid glomeruli О Б Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla О В Vegetative ganglia О Г Respiratory muscles В 0166 А The antitussive effect of Libexin (prenoxydiazine) is due to: Inhibition of sensitive receptors of the afferent pathways О Б Bronchodilator action О В Decreased secretion of bronchial glands О Г В 0167 Suppression of the excitability of neurons in the cough center Which drug reduces the viscosity of sputum due to proteolysis? А Trypsin О Б Thermopsis preparations О В Sodium bicarbonate О Г Ambroxol В 0168 Acetylcysteine: Reduces the viscosity of sputum due to the А destruction of disulfide bonds of proteoglycans О Б О В О Г В 0169 Has a direct stimulating effect on the bronchial glands Reflexively stimulates the secretion of the bronchial glands Suppresses the excitability of neurons in the cough center The bronchodilator effect of adrenaline (epinephrine) is due to: А β2-adrenergic receptors stimulation О Б β1-adrenergic receptors stimulation О В α-adrenergic receptors stimulation О Г В 0170 Direct relaxing effect on bronchial smooth muscles Ipratropium and tiotropium reduce bronchial muscle tone due to: А M3-cholinergic receptors inhibition О Б М2-cholinergic receptors inhibition О В M1-cholinergic receptors inhibition О Г β1-adrenergic receptors stimulation О Д β2-adrenergic receptors stimulation В 0171 Relaxation of the bronchi muscles is caused by substances which: А Activate adenylate cyclase О Б Inhibit adenylate cyclase О В Activate phospholipase C О Г Activate phospholipase A2 All of the following drugs reduce the release of В 0172 bronchoconstrictor substances from mast cells, except: А Montelukast О Б Fluticasone О В Cromolyn sodium (sodium cromoglycate) О Г Theophylline О Д Salbutamol В 0173 Prenoxdiazine: А Depresses the cough reflex О Б Causes drug dependence О В Has sedative properties О Г Provide respiratory depression В 0174 Acetylcysteine: А Reduces the viscosity of bronchial secretions О Б Increases the volume of bronchial secretions О В Depresses the cough reflex О Г Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi В 0175 In pulmonary edema ethyl alcohol is used as: А Antifoaming agent/Defoamer О Б Analgesics О В Antimicrobial agent О Г Narcotic drug О Д Vasodilator В 0176 Which drug can cause drug dependence? А Codeine О Б Glaucin О В Butamirate О Г Acetylcysteine В 0177 Glucocorticoids used in inhalation form can cause: А Oral candidiasis О Б Edema of the bronchial mucosa О В Inhibition of bronchial glands secretion О Г Suppression of the adrenal cortex function Which statement regarding drugs that affect В 0178 the functions of the respiratory system is correct? А Codeine has an analgesic effect О Б Glaucin stimulates the respiratory center О В Salbutamol blocks β2-adrenergic receptors О Г В 0179 Sodium nitroprusside is an effective bronchodilator Compared to Salbutamol, Salmeterol has next properties: А Has a longer bronchodilator effect О Б Short-term action О В Reduces the tone of blood vessels О Г Oral efficacy Bronchodilator from the M-cholinergic В 0180 agonists group characterized by each following statement except: А О Б О В О Г О Д Reduce swelling of the bronchial mucosa Relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi due to blockade of M3-cholinergic receptors Reduce the secretion of bronchial glands Suppress the release of bronchoconstrictive substances from mast cells Contraindicated in glaucoma Determine the bronchodilator: administered В 0181 parenterally; acts for a short time; used only to relieve bronchospasm; causes severe tachycardia; increases blood pressure: А Adrenaline (epinephrine) О Б Ephedrine О В Tiotropium О Г Theophylline О Д Salbutamol Determine the bronchodilator: effective when В 0182 administered orally; acts for several hours; causes tachycardia; increases blood pressure; can cause drug dependence: А Ephedrine О Б Salmeterol О В Salbutamol О Г Theophylline О Д Atropine Determine bronchodilator: used mainly to В 0183 relieve bronchospasm; reduces the tone of blood vessels; can cause mild tachycardia: А Salbutamol О Б Atropine О В Ephedrine О Г Ipratropium bromide Determine a bronchodilator: prescribed by В 0184 inhalation; reduces the secretion of the salivary and bronchial glands; contraindicated in glaucoma: А Ipratropium О Б Ephedrine О В Theophylline О Г Salmeterol Determine bronchodilator: used to prevent and relieve bronchospasm; administered internally В 0185 and parenterally; causes tachycardia; has a vasodilating effect; stimulates the central nervous system: А Euphyllin (aminophylline) О Б Ephedrine О В Ipratropium bromide О Г Salbutamol В 0186 Montelukast’s mechanism of action: А Blocks leukotriene receptors О Б Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase О В Inhibits phospholipase A2 О Г Inhibits cyclooxygenase В 0187 А О Б О В В After β2-adrenergic receptors stimulation in the muscle fibers of the bronchi: The concentration of cAMP increases and the concentration of calcium ions decreases The concentration of cAMP decreases and the concentration of calcium ions decreases The concentration of cAMP increases and the concentration of calcium ions increases 0188 Non-glycosidic cardiotonic drug: А Levosimendan О Б Strofantin О В Digoxin О Г Celanide В 0189 Digitalis glycoside drug: А Digoxin О Б Levosimendan О В Dobutamine О Г Strofantin В 0190 Cardiotonic drug of glycosidic structure: А Strofantin О Б Dopamine О В Dobutamine О Г Levosimendan В 0191 Cardiotonic drug that increases affinity of actin and myosin for calcium ions: А Levosimendan О Б Digoxin О В Dopamine (dopamine) О Г Dobutamine В 0192 In case of intoxication with cardiac glycosides, everything is used except: А Digoxin О Б Lidocaine О В Atropine О Г Potassium chloride В 0193 Dobutamine stimulates: А О Б О В О Г В 0194 Predominantly β1-adrenergic receptors of the heart Predominantly β2-adrenergic receptors of the heart Both β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors of the heart Dopamine receptors Cardiotonic drug that inhibits Na +, K + ATPase: А Digoxin О Б Dobutamine О В Levosimendan О Г Dopamine В 0195 In acute heart failure, each drug is used except: А Phenytoin О Б Digoxin О В Dobutamine О Г Dopamine (dopamine) В 0196 Signs of intoxication with cardiac glycosides are all except: А Arterial hypotension О Б Nausea and vomiting О В Atrioventricular block О Г Extrasystole О Д Blurred vision В 0197 Each of the following statement is true for Digoxin except: А Facilitates atrioventricular conduction О Б Decreases heart rate О В Increases the heart strength О Г Used for heart failure О Д Used for tachyarrhythmic atrial fibrillation В 0198 Each of the following statement is true for Levosimendan except: А Used for chronic heart failure О Б Dilates peripheral blood vessels О В Dilates coronary vessels О Г Increases the heart strength О Д Used for acute heart failure Determine a drug: cardiac glycoside, used in В 0199 acute and chronic heart failure, tachyarrhythmic form of atrial fibrillation, is administered orally and intravenously: А Digoxin О Б Levosimendan О В Strofantin О Г Dobutamine О Д Digitoxin Determine a drug: it increases the strength of heart contractions without increasing the concentration of calcium ions in В 0200 cardiomyocytes, increasing the sensitivity of myofibrils to calcium, dilates vessels of the systemic circulation and coronary vessels; used in acute heart failure: А Levosimendan О Б Dopamine (Dopamine) О В Digoxin О Г Strofantin О Д Dobutamine О Е Digitoxin В 0201 All of the following drugs are sodium channel blockers except: А Verapamil О Б Diphenin (phenytoin) О В Novocainamide (procainamide) О Г Allapinin (lappaconitine) О Д Quinidine В 0202 Calcium channel blocker: А Verapamil О Б Diphenin (phenytoin) О В Lidocaine О Г Allapinin (lappaconitine) О Д Propafenone В 0203 An antiarrhythmic agent that eliminates adrenergic effects on the heart: А Metoprolol О Б Diphenin (phenytoin) О В Atropine О Г Lidocaine О Д Propafenone В 0204 Amiodarone and sotalol are used in patients: А With ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias О Б Only with supraventricular arrhythmias О В Only with ventricular arrhythmias О Г With atrioventricular block В 0205 Verapamil is used in patients: А Mainly with supraventricular arrhythmias О Б Only with ventricular arrhythmias О В With tachyarrhythmias О Г With atrioventricular block В 0206 Subclass IA sodium channel blockers can cause all side effects except: А Increased blood pressure О Б Arrhythmias О В Atrioventricular block О Г Decreased myocardial contractility В 0207 The side effects of amiodarone are all except: А Arterial hypertension О Б Deposition of microcrystals in the cornea О В Skin pigmentation, photodermatitis О Г Thyroid dysfunction В 0208 Everything is suitable for Amiodarone except: А О Б О В May cause bronchospasm Used for ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias May cause impaired thyroid function Strongly blocks potassium channels of О Г cardiomyocytes, as well as sodium and calcium channels В 0209 Antianginal agent from the potassium channel activators group: А Nicorandil О Б Verapamil О В Ivabradine О Г Bisoprolol О Д Isosorbide monohydrate В 0210 Bisoprolol refers to: А β1-blockers О Б β1- and β2-blockers О В Calcium channel blockers О Г Potassium channel activators В 0211 Myotropic coronary dilator is: А Dipyridamole О Б Trimetazidine О В Metoprolol О Г Anaprilin (propranolol) О Д Ivabradine В 0212 Cardioprotective agent: А Trimetazidine О Б Nifedipine О В Ivabradine О Г Isosorbide mononitrate В 0213 А The effects of antianginal drugs - calcium channel blockers are all except: Increase the resistance of cardiomyocytes to ischemia О Б Increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium О В Reduce myocardial oxygen demand О Г Reduce the tone of the coronary vessels В 0214 Nifedipine differs from verapamil in all of the following except: А It affects the tone of the coronary vessels О Б Has no antiarrhythmic effect О В It has a strong hypotensive effect О Г В membranes of cardiomyocytes 0215 Nicorandil effects - all listed, except: А О Б О В О Г В Almost no effect on the calcium channels of Decreases heart rate Dilates coronary vessels and increases the delivery of oxygen to the myocardium Dilates the arteries and reduces the afterload on the heart Dilates veins and reduces preload on the heart 0216 Ivabradine: А Reduces the cardiac oxygen demand Reduces the cardiac oxygen demand and О Б О В Increases oxygen supply to the myocardium О Г Has a cardioprotective effect В increases its blood supply at the same time 0217 Mainly for relief of angina attacks are used: А Short-acting nitroglycerin drugs (tablets and spray for sublingual use) О Б Long-acting nitroglycerin preparations О В Isosorbide monohydrate О Г Nitrosorbide (isosorbide dinitrate) В 0218 Drugs for migraine attacks relief all of the following except: А Vinpocetine О Б Ergotamine О В Sumatriptan О Г Acetylsalicylic acid О Д Dihydroergotamine В 0219 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor: А Enalapril О Б Losartan О В Amlodipine О Г Indapamide О Д Metoprolol В 0220 Angiotensin receptor antagonist: А Losartan О Б Metoprolol О В Doxazosin О Г Enalapril О Д Carvedilol В 0221 Myotropic antihypertensive drugs, all of the following except: А Reserpine О Б Nifedipine О В Sodium nitroprusside О Г Amlodipine В 0222 For clonidine (clonidine), all of the following is suitable except: А Stimulates the central nervous system О Б Reduces the tone of the vasomotor centers О В Lowers blood pressure Stimulates α2-adrenergic receptors and I1- О Г imidazoline receptors of the solidary tract neurons О Д В 0223 Causes sedative and hypnotic effects The mechanism of the vasodilating action of doxazosin: А Blocks α1-adrenergic receptors О Б Blocks AT1-angiotensin receptors О В Activates potassium channels О Г Blocks calcium channels В 0224 А Losartan lowers the activity of the reninangiotensin system, since: Blocks AT1-angiotensin receptors, eliminating the action of angiotensin II О Б Inhibits renin О В Inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme О Г Inhibits the secretion of renin В 0225 The mechanism of the vasodilating action of amlodipine and nifedipine: А Block calcium channels О Б Block α1-adrenergic receptors О В Activate potassium channels О Г Block AT1-angitensin receptors Diuretics that have a direct effect on the В 0226 function of the renal tubule’s epithelium everything except: А Mannitol О Б Furosemide О В Chlorthalidone О Г Triamteren О Д Indapamide О Е Hydrochlorothiazide В 0227 Aldosterone antagonist: А Spironolactone О Б Furosemide О В Mannitol О Г Hydrochlorothiazide О Д Indapamide В 0228 Osmotic diuretic: А Mannitol О Б Chlorthalidone О В Furosemide О Г Indapamide О Д Triamteren В 0229 The main localization of the furosemide action: А Thick segment of the ascending part of the loop of Henle О Б Proximal canals О В Initial section of distal tubules О Г End section of distal tubules Against the background of the action of В 0230 furosemide, the excretion of everything by the kidneys increases, except for: А Uric acid О Б Chlorine ions О В Potassium ions О Г Magnesium ions О Д Calcium ions О Е Sodium ions В 0231 А О Б О В О Г В 0232 А О Б О В О Г В 0233 All of the following is characteristic of indapamide, except: Acts on the terminal section of the distal tubules Increases the excretion of sodium and chlorine ions from the body Increases the excretion of potassium and magnesium ions from the body Has a hypotensive effect For spironolactone, all of the following is characteristic, except: Inhibits the synthesis of aldosterone Blocks aldosterone receptors and eliminates the effect of aldosterone on the renal tubules Increases the excretion of potassium and magnesium ions by the kidneys The severity of the diuretic effect depends on the level of aldosterone in the body. Indications for the use of diuretics are all of the following, except: А Treatment of arterial hypotension О Б Treating edema in congestive heart failure О В Hypertension treatment О Г О Д В Forced diuresis (acceleration of the elimination of toxic substances from the body) Treatment of acute edema (lung, brain) 0234 In pulmonary edema is used: А Furosemide О Б Indapamide О В Hydrochlorothiazide О Г Spironolactone В 0235 In arterial hypertension, all of the following is used, except: А Mannitol О Б Hydrochlorothiazide О В Furosemide О Г Indapamide О Д Chlorthalidone В 0236 А Furosemide is used for all indications, except for: To prevent hypokalemia caused by hydrochlorothiazide О Б With congestive heart failure О В With edema of the lungs and brain О Г For forced diuresis О Д With arterial hypertension В 0237 Hypochloremic alkalosis can develop with the use of all diuretics, except for: А Mannitol О Б Hydrochlorothiazide О В Indapamide О Г Furosemide В 0238 Hearing loss is possible with prolonged use of: А Furosemide О Б Triamterene О В Spironolactone О Г Hydrochlorothiazide В 0239 Side effects of furosemide are all of the following, except: А Acidosis О Б Hypomagnesemia О В Hyperuricemia О Г Hyperglycemia О Д Ototoxicity О Е Hypokalemia Determine the diuretic: has a low diuretic efficacy; reduces the excretion of potassium В 0240 and magnesium ions from the body; the effect of the drug does not depend on the level of aldosterone in the body: А Triamterene О Б Furosemide О В Indapamide О Г Mannitol В 0241 Anorexigenic drugs (reducing appetite): А Sibutramine О Б Metoclopramide О В Omeprazole О Г Ranitidine О Д Loperamide В 0242 Proton pump inhibitor (H+, K+ -ATPase): А Omeprazole О Б Pirenzepine О В Ranitidine О Г Misoprostol В 0243 Histamine H2 receptor blocker: А Ranitidine О Б Sibutramine О В Pirenzepine О Г Metoclopramide О Д Omeprazole В 0244 An agent from the M1-anticholinergic group: А Pirenzepine О Б Omeprazole О В Ranitidine О Г Atropine В 0245 All listed drugs are antacids, except: А Magnesium sulfate О Б Magnesium oxide О В Sodium bicarbonate О Г Aluminum hydroxide О Д Calcium carbonate В 0246 Gastroprotective drug which is a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E: А Misoprostol О Б Bismuth tripotassium dicitrate О В Sucralfate О Г Vikair В 0247 Antiemetics - all listed, except: А Apomorphine О Б Domperidone О В Ondansetron О Г Dimenhydrinate О Д Metoclopramide В 0248 Antiemetic - D-dopamine receptor blocker: А Metoclopramide О Б Ondansetron О В Granisetron О Г Thriethylpyrazine В 0249 Antiemetic histamine H1-receptor blocker: А Dimenhydrinate О Б Metoclopramide О В Scopolamine О Г Ondansetron В 0250 Prokinetic (gastrokinetic) agent: А Metoclopramide О Б Onadansterone О В Omeprazole О Г Ranitidine О Д Atropine В 0251 Choleretic drugs are all of the listed, except: А Ranitidine О Б Holosas О В Drotaverin (no-shpa) О Г Atropine О Д Cholenzym В 0252 Gallstone dissolving agent (cholelitholytic agent): А Ursodeoxycholic acid О Б Holosas О В Ademetionine О Г Cholenzym О Д Berberine В 0253 An anticholinesterase agent that stimulates intestinal motility: А Neostigmine О Б Loperamide О В Sodium picosulfate О Г Atropine О Д Magnesium sulfate О Е Castor oil В 0254 Laxatives containing anthraglycosides are all listed, except: А Castor oil О Б Buckthorn bark preparations О В Rhubarb root preparations О Г В 0255 А О Б О В О Г В 0256 Senna leaf preparations Omeprazole is characterized by all of the following, except: Histamine H2 receptor blocker Selectively affects the parietal cells of the stomach Significantly reduces the secretion of gastric glands Proton pump inhibitor (H +, K + -ATPase) All of the following is characteristic of Omeprazole, except: А Forms active metabolites at neutral pH О Б Is a prodrug О В О Г В Forms active metabolites in the acidic environment of the tubules of parietal cells Active metabolites inhibit the proton pump (H +, K + -ATPase) irreversibly 0257 Ranitidine is characterized by: А Blocks histamine H2 receptors О Б Blocks M-cholinergic receptors О В Increases the secretion of hydrochloric acid О Г О Д В 0258 Reduces the release of histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells in the stomach Coats the mucous membrane Misoprostol works on the stomach and causes all of the following, except: А Covers the ulcerative surface О Б Increases mucus secretion О В Improves microcirculation О Г Reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid О Д Stimulates the regeneration of mucosal cells О Е Increases the secretion of bicarbonate В 0259 Atropine acts on the digestive system and causes all of the following effects, except: А Increased gastric motility О Б Decreased secretion of hydrochloric acid О В О Г Decreased bowel tone and motility О Д Decreased secretion of salivary glands В 0260 Relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi and relief of bile secretion For gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, all of the following drugs are used, except: А Drugs that increase appetite О Б Antacids О В Gastroprotectors О Г О Д В 0261 Antimicrobial agents effective against Helicobacter pylori Agents that reduce the secretion of hydrochloric acid For hyperacid gastritis, everything is used except А Blockers of histamine H1 receptors О Б Histamine H2 receptor blockers О В Antacids О Г M-anticholinergics О Д Proton pump blockers В 0262 Misoprostol is used: А О Б О В О Г В 0263 To prevent the ulcerogenic action of NSAIDs To suppress vomiting when using cytostatic agents To stop bleeding from the veins of the esophagus For the treatment of chronic constipation Metoclopramide is used for all indications, except for: А With motion sickness О Б With vomiting in the postoperative period О В Vomiting caused by ionizing radiation О Г О Д В When the evacuation of stomach contents is delayed For gastroesophageal reflux 0264 Ademetionine and legalon are used as: А Hepatoprotectors О Б Prokinetics (gastrokinetics) О В Gastroprotectors О Г Laxatives В 0265 Ursodeoxycholic acid is used: А О Б О В О Г В For dissolving small cholesterol stones in the gallbladder To increase appetite As a means of replacement therapy for insufficient pancreatic function As a means of stimulating the secretion of bile 0266 Atropine is used in all cases, except for: А For constipation With spastic conditions of the intestines and О Б О В To facilitate the outflow of bile О Г To reduce increased salivation В stomach 0267 Loperamide is used: А For noninfectious diarrhea О Б With postoperative intestinal atony О В О Г В To reduce the absorption of toxic substances from the intestines in case of poisoning As a hepatoprotective agent 0268 Indications for the use of proserin: А Intestinal atony О Б Diarrhea О В Intestinal colic О Г Constipation В 0269 For chronic constipation are used laxatives which: А Acting mainly on the large intestine О Б Acting throughout the entire intestine О В Acting primarily on the small intestine О Г Effective only in the rectal area В 0270 For chronic constipation, all of the following drugs are used, except: А Castor oil О Б Rhubarb preparations О В Senna preparations О Г Buckthorn preparations О Д Lactulose О Е Sodium picosulfate All of the following drug is used in the В 0271 treatment of poisoning to reduce the absorption of toxic substances from the intestines: А Saline laxatives О Б Sodium picosulfate О В Senna preparations О Г Castor oil О Д Buckthorn preparations В 0272 The side effects of atropine are all listed, except: А Spasm of accommodation О Б Tachycardia О В Increased intraocular pressure О Г Constipation О Д Delayed urination О Е Dry mouth Unlike atropine, pirenzepine in therapeutic В 0273 doses has little effect on all indicators, except for: А Secretion of hydrochloric acid О Б Pupil size О В Heart rate О Г Accommodation О Д Bladder tone В 0274 A common side effect of misoprostol is: А Diarrhea О Б Constipation О В Ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa О Г Achlorhydria Extrapyramidal disorders (drug parkinsonism) В 0275 with prolonged use can cause antiemetics that block in the central nervous system: А Dopamine D2 receptors О Б Serotonin 5-HT3 receptors О В Histamine H1 receptors О Г M-cholinergic receptors В 0276 Everything is characteristic of omeprazole except: А Acts shortly (appointed 4 times a day) О Б Proton pump inhibitor (H +, K + -ATPase). О В Is a prodrug О Г Acts for a long time (appointed once a day) О Д Reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid В 0277 For antacids, everything is characteristic except: А Act for 6-8 hours. О Б Taken internally О В Neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric juice О Г Act for 1-2 hours. В 0278 For laxatives containing anthraglycosides, everything is characteristic except: А Effective in 4-6 hours after taking О Б Effective in 8-12 hours after ingestion О В Acts primarily on the large intestine О Г Used for chronic constipation О Д Addictive В 0279 А Everything is typical for loperamide, except for: Penetrates well into the central nervous system О Б Opioid receptor agonist О В Used for diarrhea О Г Inhibits intestinal peristalsis О Д Poorly penetrates the central nervous system О Е Does not cause drug dependence Determine the antacid drug: it is used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer; neutralizes В 0280 hydrochloric acid of gastric juice; possesses adsorbent and astringent action; can cause constipation, hypophosphatemia: А Aluminum hydroxide (algedrate) О Б Sodium bicarbonate О В Magnesium oxide О Г Maalox Determine the antacid drug: neutralizes В 0281 hydrochloric acid of gastric juice with the formation of CO2, acts quickly and for a short time, can cause systemic alkalosis: А Sodium bicarbonate О Б Aluminum hydroxide О В Magnesium oxide О Г Almagel О Д Maalox В 0282 А О Б О В О Г О Д В For bismuth tripotassium dicitrate, all of the following is characteristic, except: Reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid The effect develops in the acidic environment of the stomach Forms a protective layer on the ulcerative surface Has antimicrobial effect against Helicobacter pylori Assigned internally 0283 Posterior pituitary hormone drug: А Oxytocin О Б Dinoprost О В Ergotamine О Г Dinoprostone О Д Magnesium sulfate О Е Fenoterol В 0284 А Magnesium sulfate belongs to the group of drugs which: Weaken the contractile activity of the myometrium Increase the contractile activity of the О Б О В Increase the tone of the myometrium О Г Does not affect myometrial contractility В 0285 myometrium A drug that predominantly increases the tone of the myometrium: А Ergometrine О Б Fenoterol О В Salbutamol О Г Oxytocin О Д Dinoprostone В 0286 The tocolytic effect is caused by substances that stimulate: А β2-adrenergic receptors О Б α-adrenergic receptors О В Prostaglandin receptors О Г M-cholinergic receptors В 0287 Oxytocin is used for all indications, except for: А Abortion О Б Stopping postpartum uterine bleeding О В О Г Increased lactation О Д Stimulation of labor В 0288 Acceleration of uterine involution in the postpartum period Dinoprost and dinoprostone are used for all indications, except for: А Prevention of premature birth О Б Stimulation of labor О В Excitation of labor О Г Relaxation of the cervix О Д Medical abortion В 0289 To prevent premature birth, all of the following drugs are used except: А Dinoprostone О Б Salbutamol О В Fenoterol О Г Progesterone Determine the drug: increases the contractile activity of the myometrium, the effect В 0290 increases with increasing gestational age and is maximal during childbirth; used to stimulate labor, with bleeding and uterine atony in the postpartum period, to stimulate lactation: А Oxytocin О Б Ergometrine О В Dinoprostone О Г Progesterone В 0291 А О Б О В О Г В 0292 The correct statement regarding the drugs which affect the myometrium: The tocolytic effect of hexoprenaline is due to the stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptors Dinoprost does not affect the tone of the cervix Oxytocin is an estrogenic drug Gestagens stimulate the contractile activity of the myometrium The correct statement regarding drugs that affect the myometrium: А Dinoprostone - Prostaglanidin E2 drug О Б Atropine is a tocolytic agent О В Fenoterol stimulates prostaglanidin receptors О Г Salbutamol - M-anticholinergic В 0293 Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents are all of the following drugs, except: А Molgramostim О Б Folic acid О В Epoetin alfa О Г Cyanocobalamin О Д Ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate) О Е Epoetin В 0294 Drugs used for hypochromic anemias are all, except: А Cyanocobalamin О Б Tardiferron (iron II sulfate) О В Ferrum Lek (iron III hydroxide polymaltose) О Г Ferinject (iron III carboxymaltose) В 0295 Drugs used for hyperchromic anemia: А Cyanocobalamin О Б Tardiferron (iron II sulfate) О В Epoetin alfa О Г Molgramostim О Д Filgrastim В 0296 Leukopoiesis stimulants - all listed, except: А Folic acid О Б Molgramostim О В Filgrastim О Г Sodium nucleospermate В 0297 Molgramostim stimulates all processes, except for: А Proliferation and differentiation of erythrocytes О Б Granulocyte proliferation О В Differentiation of granulocytes О Г Proliferation of monocytes / macrophages О Д Differentiation of monocytes / macrophages О Е В Functions of granulocytes and monocytes / macrophages 0298 Filgrastim stimulates all processes except: А Proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes О Б Differentiation of granulocyte precursors О В Proliferation of granulocyte precursors О Г Chemotactic and phagocytic activity В 0299 The main drug for the treatment of pernicious (malignant) anemia: А Cyanocobalamin О Б Tardiferron (iron sulfate II) О В Molgramostim О Г Epoetin beta О Д Folic acid В 0300 А Molgramostim and filgrastim are used for all indications, except for: Macrocytic anemia Inhibition of leukopoiesis caused by the action О Б О В О Г Bone marrow transplant О Д In the complex therapy of AIDS of ionizing radiation Inhibition of leukopoiesis caused by the use of antitumor and immunosuppressive agents Determine the drug that affects hematopoiesis: is a recombinant drug of human granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor; stimulates proliferation, В 0301 differentiation and function of granulocytes and monocytes / macrophages; it is used in the suppression of leukopoiesis caused by the use of antitumor, immunosuppressive agents, the action of ionizing radiation, in bone marrow transplantation; administered intravenously: А Molgramostim О Б Epoitin beta О В Filgrastim О Г Epoetin alfa В 0302 Drugs that reduce platelet aggregation - all except: А Bivalirudin О Б Abciximab О В Dipyridamole О Г Clopidogrel О Д Ticlopidine О Е Acetylsalicylic acid В 0303 Antiplatelet agent that inhibits thromboxane synthesis: А Acetylsalicylic acid О Б Dipyridamole О В Heparin О Г Alprostadil О Д Clopidogrel О Е Abciximab В 0304 Antiplatelet agent that increases the activity of the prostacyclin system: А Alprostadil О Б Abciximab О В Clopidogrel О Г Acetylsalicylic acid В 0305 Antiplatelet agent - blocker of glycoprotein receptors (GP IIb / IIIa) of platelets: А Abciximab О Б Epoprostenol О В Clopidogrel О Г Warfarin В 0306 Drugs that reduce blood clotting (anticoagulants) - everything except: А Protamine sulfate О Б Enoxaparin О В Heparin О Г Warfarin О Д Bivalirudin В 0307 All of the following drugs are direct anticoagulants except: А Warfarin О Б Lepirudin О В Heparin О Г Enoxaparin В 0308 Recombinant hirudin drug: А Bivalirudin О Б Dabigatran О В Abciximab О Г Enoxaparin О Д Warfarin В 0309 Indirect anticoagulant: А Acenocoumarol О Б Bivalirudin О В Heparin О Г Dabigatran О Д Nadroparin calcium В 0310 Unfractionated heparin antagonist: А Protamine sulfate О Б Thrombin О В Fibrinogen О Г Aminocaproic acid В 0311 Fibrinolytic agent: А Alteplaza О Б Aminocaproic acid О В Alprostadil О Г Fibrinogen О Д Acetylsalicylic acid В 0312 All the following drugs are blood clotting agents except: А Aminocaproic acid О Б Fibrinogen О В Menadione sodium bisulfite О Г Clotting factor VII О Д Thrombin В 0313 All the following drugs prevent the formation of blood clots except: А Fibrinolytic agents О Б Direct anticoagulants О В Indirect anticoagulants О Г Antiplatelet agents В 0314 Possible mechanisms of action of agents that inhibit platelet aggregation are all, except: А Blockade of prostacyclin platelet receptors О Б Blockade of platelet thromboxane receptors О В О Г О Д В 0315 Decreased synthesis of thromboxane in platelets Blockade of glycoprotein receptors (GP IIb / IIIa) of platelets Blockade of platelet ADP receptors The mechanism of antiplatelet action of abciximab: Blocks glycoprotein receptors (GP IIb / IIIa) of А platelets and prevents fibrinogen from binding to them Inhibits cyclooxygenase and disrupts О Б О В Blocks thromboxane receptors in platelets О Г Blocks platelet ADP receptors В 0316 А О Б О В О Г В 0317 thromboxane synthesis in platelets The mechanism of antiplatelet action of clopidogrel and ticlopidine: Blocks platelet ADP receptors Inhibit cyclooxygenase and disrupt thromboxane synthesis in platelets Stimulates platelet prostacyclin receptors Block glycoprotein receptors (GP IIb / IIIa) of platelets All of the following drugs reduce blood clotting, except: А Streptokinase О Б Warfarin О В Enoxaparin О Г Rivaroxaban О Д Heparin В 0318 А О Б О В О Г В 0319 А All of the following is true for low-molecularweight heparins, except: Suppress the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver Thrombin is not activated against the background of drug action Increase the inhibitory effect of antithrombin III on the transition of prothrombin to thrombin They have a pronounced antiplatelet effect All of the following statements are typical for steptokinase, except for: Acts only in a blood clot Causes a fibrinolytic effect by interacting with О Б О В О Г Helps dissolve fresh blood clots О Д Acts in blood clots and blood plasma В 0320 plasminogen Stimulates the transition of plasminogen to plasmin All of the following drugs stop bleeding by increasing blood clotting, except: А Aminocaproic acid О Б Fibrinogen О В Thrombin О Г Phytomenadione (vitamin K1) В 0321 The synthesis of prothrombin in the liver stimulates by: А Menadione sodium bisulfite О Б Thrombin О В Aminocaproic acid О Г Warfarin В 0322 Drug which stops bleeding by reducing the activity of the fibrinolysis system is: А Aminocaproic acid О Б Fibrinogen О В Thrombin О Г Menadione sodium bisulfite В 0323 All of the following drugs are used to reduce platelet aggregation except: А Warfarin О Б Acetylsalicylic acid О В Clopidogrel О Г Abciximab В 0324 Drug which is used to reduce the effects of heparin overdose is: А Protamine sulfate О Б Sodium hydrocitrate О В Menadione sodium bisulfite О Г Fondaparinux sodium В 0325 Side effects of streptokinase are all of the following except: А Thromboembolism О Б Lower blood pressure О В Bleeding О Г Pyrogenic and allergic reactions Determine the drug that affects the blood coagulation system: inhibits platelet В 0326 aggregation, prevents the formation of thromboxane A2; used internally for the prevention of thrombosis; can cause ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa: А Acetylsalicylic acid О Б Lepirudin О В Abciximab О Г Heparin Determine the drug that affects the blood coagulation system: prevents the interaction В 0327 of ADP with platelet P2Y12 receptors; antiplatelet effect develops gradually; used internally for the prevention of thrombosis: А Clopidogrel О Б Warfarin О В Dipyridamole О Г Acetylsalicylic acid О Д Abciximab Determine the drug that affects the blood coagulation system: increases the activity of В 0328 the prostacyclin system, stimulates prostacyclin receptors, reduces platelet aggregation, causes vasodilation, has a shortterm effect: А Alprostadil О Б Clopidogrel О В Acetylsalicylic acid О Г Abciximab Determine the drug that affects the blood coagulation system: inactivates thrombin; the В 0329 anticoagulant effect does not depend on the activity of antithrombin III, it acts for a short time; is a recombinant drug of hirudin: А Bivalirudin О Б Enoxaparin О В Heparin О Г Dabigatran В 0330 All of the following statements is true for indirect anticoagulants except: А Administered parenterally О Б Introduced inside О В The effect develops slowly and lasts 2-4 days О Г Only effective in vivo О Д Cumulate О Е May cause liver dysfunction В 0331 Menadione sodium bisulfite is a pharmacological antagonist of: А Indirect anticoagulants О Б Low molecular weight heparins О В Heparin О Г Bivalirudin О Д Dabigatran В 0332 All of the followings match for Streptokinase, except: А Anticoagulant О Б Fibrinolytic agent О В О Г О Д Interacts with prothrombin, stimulates its transition to thrombin Used to dissolve fresh blood clots May cause bleeding due to systemic fibrinolysis Determine the drug that affects the blood В 0333 coagulation system: increases blood clotting, stimulates the transition of fibrinogen to fibrin, is used topically to stop bleeding: А Thrombin О Б Fibrinogen О В Menadione sodium bisulfite О Г Aminocaproic acid Determine the drug that affects the blood coagulation system: inhibits the conversion of В 0334 prothrombin to fibrinolysin and inhibits thrombin, administered orally and i/v; used for bleeding associated with increased activity of the fibrinolytic system: А Aminocaproic acid О Б Fibrinogen О В Menadione sodium bisulfite О Г Thrombin A drug that, on initial or intermittent use, В 0335 stimulates the release of LH and FSH by the pituitary gland: А Triptorelin О Б Danazol О В Bromocriptine О Г Yodomarin В 0336 Antithyroid drugs are all of the following drugs except: А Levothyroxine sodium О Б Thiamazole О В Propylthiouracil О Г Potassium iodide В 0337 Antidiabetic drugs all the of following drugs except: А Glucagon О Б Metformin О В Acarbose О Г Insulin preparations О Д Glibenclamide В 0338 Biguanide antidiabetic agent: А Metformin О Б Glibenclamide О В Acarbose О Г Insulin В 0339 А All of the following statements are true for Levothyroxine sodium except: Decreases basal metabolism Activates the breakdown of proteins, О Б О В Increases basal metabolism О Г Increases tissue oxygen consumption О Д Enhances the effect of adrenaline В 0340 А О Б О В О Г В 0341 А О Б О В О Г О Д В 0342 А carbohydrates, fats The mechanism of thiamazole’s antithyroid action: Inhibition of the synthesis of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland Inhibition of the production of thyroidstimulating hormone of the pituitary gland Destruction of thyroid follicle cells Violations of the uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland All of the following statements are true for Teriparatide, except: Reduces the content of calcium ions in the blood Increases the reabsorption of calcium ions in the renal tubules Causes decalcification of bones Promotes the absorption of calcium ions from the gastrointestinal tract Increases the content of calcium ions in the blood Possible mechanisms of the hypoglycemic action of metformin are all, except: Increased insulin secretion by β-cells of the pancreas Facilitating the penetration of glucose into О Б О В Decreased gluconeogenesis О Г Delayed intestinal absorption of carbohydrates В 0343 cells and its utilization All of the following statements are typical for metformin, except for: А Used for type I diabetes mellitus О Б Reduces appetite and body weight О В Often causes nausea and vomiting О Г Assign inside О Д Used for type II diabetes mellitus В 0344 А All statements are characteristic of acarbose except: Effective in type I diabetes Reduces intestinal absorption of О Б О В Assign inside О Г Effective in type II diabetes О Д Inhibits α-glucosidase В 0345 carbohydrates Each statement is typical for sitagliptin, except for: А Inhibits α-glucosidase О Б Inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 О В Used orally О Г Increases the concentration of incretins О Д Increases insulin production В 0346 Danazol is used for all indications, except for: А Hypogonadism О Б Uterine bleeding О В Endometriosis О Г Gynecomastia В 0347 For growth retardation in childhood (pituitary dwarfism), used: А Somatropin О Б Octreotide О В Bromocriptine В 0348 Octreotide is used for all indications, except for: А Growth retardation in childhood О Б Acute pancreatitis О В О Г В 0349 To stop bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus Acromegaly and gigantism Indications for the use of oxytocin are all of the following, except: А For early termination of pregnancy О Б To stimulate lactation in the postpartum period О В To stimulate labor О Г For stopping postpartum bleeding В 0350 The main indication for the use of desmopressin: А Diabetes insipidus О Б Diabetes О В Acromegaly О Г Weakness of labor В 0351 For hyperthyroidism, everything is used except: А Levothyroxine sodium О Б Thiamazole О В Propylthiouracil О Г Potassium iodide В 0352 With diabetes mellitus, all drugs are prescribed inside, except: А Insulin preparations О Б Sulfonylurea derivatives О В Biguanides О Г Acarbose О Д Sitagliptin О Е Rosiglitazone В 0353 A drug which is used for diabetic coma: А Insulin drugs with a short latency period О Б Long-acting insulin preparations О В Glibenclamide О Г Metformin О Д Acarbose В 0354 Nausea and vomiting often occur when using: А Metformin О Б Acarbose О В Glibenclamide О Г Insulin preparations В 0355 A decrease in appetite and body weight causes: А Metformin О Б Acarbose О В Insulin preparations О Г Glibenclamide Determine the drug which increases the concentration of calcium in the blood; increases the absorption of calcium from the В 0356 gastrointestinal tract, as well as the reabsorption of calcium in the renal tubules; hormonal drug promotes decalcification of bone tissue: А Teriparatide О Б Octreotide О В Insulin О Г Corticotropin В 0357 А The correct statement regarding hormonal drugs is: Desmopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus О Б Octreotide is used for dwarf growth О В Calcitonin is used for spasmophilia О Г There are no correct statements В 0358 А Incorrect statement regarding hormonal drugs is: Menopausal gonadotropin in action corresponds to luteinizing hormone О Б Bromocriptine is used for galactorrhea О В Calcitonin is used for osteoporosis О Г Tetracosactide - analogue of corticotropin О Д В 0359 Chorionic gonadotropin in action corresponds to luteinizing hormone Glucocorticoid drugs for resorptive action are all the following except: А Flumethasone О Б Dexamethasone О В Triamcinolone О Г Prednisolone О Д Hydrocortisone В 0360 Glucocorticoid in the form of an aerosol for inhalation is: А Beclomethasone О Б Flumethasone О В Triamcinolone О Г Prednisolone О Д Dexamethasone В 0361 Mineralocorticoid drug: А Desoxycorticosterone О Б Flumethasone О В Spironolactone О Г Mifepristone В 0362 Mineralocorticoid antagonist: А Spironolactone О Б Mifepristone О В Dexamethasone О Г Tetracosactide В 0363 А О Б О В О Г В 0364 The principles of glucocorticoids action are all listed, except: Acts at the level of the cytoplasmic membrane Penetrates the cell membrane, acts intracellularly Regulates gene transcription Regulates the synthesis of proteins and enzymes Glucocorticoids cause all of the following effects, except: А Lower blood glucose О Б Increases blood glucose О В Cause fat redistribution О Г О Д В Delay the excretion of sodium and water ions from the body Suppress protein synthesis 0365 Desoxycorticosterone affects mainly on: А Water-electrolyte exchange О Б Protein metabolism О В Carbohydrate metabolism О Г Lipid metabolism В 0366 All the following statements are true for anabolic steroids except: А Reduce body weight О Б Stimulates regenerative processes О В Boost Protein Synthesis О Г Have low androgenic activity В 0367 Glucocorticoids are used for all indications, except as: А Contraceptives О Б Antiallergic drugs О В Anti-shock agents О Г Immunosuppressive drugs О Д Anti-inflammatory drugs В 0368 А Indications of glucocorticoids are all of the following except: Bacterial infections Inflammatory diseases of the skin and mucous О Б О В Autoimmune diseases О Г Allergic reactions of immediate type О Д В membranes Graft rejection reactions during organ and tissue transplantation 0369 Drugs used for autoimmune diseases are: А Glucocorticoids О Б Estrogens О В Gestagens О Г Androgens В 0370 Glucocorticoid drug used by inhalation for bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis: А Beclomethasone О Б Dexamethasone О В Prednisolone О Г Flumethasone В 0371 Indications for the use of anabolic steroids are all of the following except: А Hirsutism О Б Long-term glucocorticoid therapy О В Cachexia О Г Delayed callus formation in fractures О Д Osteoporosis В 0372 Drugs used to stimulate regenerative processes are: А Anabolic steroids О Б Glucocorticoids О В Mineralocorticoids О Г Gestagens В 0373 Cyproterone is used for all indications, except for: А To increase libido О Б Women’s hirsutism О В Acne О Г Benign prostatic hyperplasia The side effects that occur in prolonged В 0374 therapy with prednisone are all of the following, except: А Hypokalemia О Б Ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa О В Arterial hypertension О Г Lowers immunity Decreased resistance to infections, ulceration В 0375 of the gastrointestinal mucosa, redistribution of adipose tissue can cause all drugs, except: А Progesterone О Б Prednisolone О В Dexamethasone О Г Hydrocortisone В 0376 The masculinizing effect can be caused by: А Nandrolone О Б Hexestrol О В Progesterone О Г Hydrocortisone Determine the hormonal drug: steroid compound; has an anti-inflammatory, antiВ 0377 allergic effect, reduces itching, is poorly absorbed through the skin; used only topically for inflammatory diseases of the skin and mucous membranes: А Flumethasone О Б Dexamethasone О В Prednisolone О Г Hydrocortisone Steroid compound; has a pronounced antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effect, В 0378 practically does not have a systemic effect; used by inhalation for bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis: А Beclomethasone О Б Flumethasone О В Hydrocortisone О Г Deoxycorticosterone Determine a pharmacological group: refers to substances of a steroid structure; enhance В 0379 protein synthesis, increase body weight, accelerate bone calcification; prescribed for cachexia, osteoporosis, to stimulate regenerative processes: А Anabolic steroids О Б Gestagens О В Glucocorticoids О Г Mineralocorticoids Determine a pharmacological group: steroid compounds; reduce the excitability of the myometrium, inhibit ovulation, promote the В 0380 growth of the glandular tissue of the mammary glands; prescribed in case of insufficiency of the function of the corpus luteum for the prevention of miscarriage: А Gestagens О Б Estrogens О В Mineralocorticoids О Г Anabolic steroid В 0381 Correct statements regarding hormonal drugs are all of the following except: А Nandrolone - antigestagenic drug О Б Prednisolone - glucocorticoid drug О В Clomiphene is an antiestrogenic drug О Г Finasteride is an antiandrogenic drug В 0382 Incorrect statement regarding hormonal drugs: А О Б О В О Г В 0383 With insufficient function of the corpus luteum, estrogens are prescribed Glucocorticoids can cause ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa Nandrolone promotes protein synthesis Finasteride blocks 5a-reductase and decreases intracellular DHT levels Disease which develops in thiamine avitaminosis is: А Beriberi disease О Б Scurvy О В Pellagra О Г Anemia В 0384 In thiamine deficiency suffers most pronouncedly the following system: А Nervous system О Б Osteoarticular system О В Hematopoietic system О Г Genitourinary system В 0385 In vitamin PP deficiency develops the following desease: А Pellagra О Б Beriberi disease О В Pernicious anemia О Г Scurvy В 0386 All following effects typical for nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), effects are characteristic, except: А Diuretic О Б Vasodilator О В Hypolipidemic О Г Antipellagric В 0387 With riboflavin deficiency, every disease develops except: А Neuritis О Б Angular stomatitis О В Glossitis О Г Vascular keratitis О Д Hemeralopia О Е Anaemia В 0388 The absorption of iron drugs from the gastrointestinal tract improves by: А Ascorbic acid О Б Retinol О В Pyridoxine О Г Nicotinic acid В 0389 Significantly affects photoreception: А Retinol О Б Ergocalciferol О В Tocopherol О Г Menadione sodium bisulfite В 0390 The synthesis of prothrombin in the liver stimulates: А Menadione sodium bisulfite О Б Retinol О В Ergocalciferol О Г Thiamine В 0391 Ergocalciferol in the body mainly regulates: А Exchange of calcium and phosphorus О Б Protein metabolism О В Carbohydrate metabolism О Г Fat metabolism В 0392 А О Б О В О Г В Ergocalciferol is characterized by everything except: Decreases absorption of calcium ions from the gastrointestinal tract Improves absorption of calcium ions from the gastrointestinal tract Controls the mobilization of calcium ions from bone tissue Increases the reabsorption of calcium ions in the renal tubules 0393 Wrong statement regarding vitamin drugs: А О Б О В О Г В 0394 Tocopherol reduces blood clotting Menadione sodium bisulfite increases blood clotting Ergocalciferol regulates bone mineralization In case of vitamin A deficiency, hemeralopia develops ("night blindness") Vitamin for the prevention and treatment of pellagra: А Nicotinic acid О Б Ascorbic acid О В Folic acid О Г Cyanocobalamin В 0395 The main indications for the use of nicotinic acid are everything except: А Gout О Б Hyperlipidemia О В Blood vessel spasms О Г Pellagra В 0396 With macrocytic anemia, the following drug is prescribed: А Folic acid О Б Nicotinic acid О В Ascorbic acid О Г Cyanocobalamin В 0397 The main treatment for pernicious anemia is: А Cyanocobalamin О Б Folic acid О В Rutin О Г Riboflavin В 0398 A drug for the prevention and treatment of scurvy: А Ascorbic acid О Б Folic acid О В Rutin О Г Nicotinic acid В 0399 Retinol is prescribed for all indications, except for: А Osteomalacia О Б Keratomalacia О В Hemeralopia О Г Xerophthalmia О Д Hypekeratosis For bleeding and hemorrhagic diathesis В 0400 associated with hypoprothrombinemia next vitamin is used: А Menadione sodium bisulfite О Б Cyanocobalamin О В Ascorbic acid О Г Folic acid Determine the vitamin drug: refers to watersoluble vitamins; has antianemic action; is a В 0401 factor necessary for the normalization of hematopoiesis and maturation of erythrocytes; has a pronounced therapeutic effect in pernicious anemia: А Cyanocobalamin О Б Menadione sodium bisulfite О В Ascorbic acid О Г Pyridoxine Determine the vitamin drug: refers to watersoluble vitamins; participates in the regulation of redox processes, carbohydrate metabolism, В 0402 tissue regeneration, the formation of steroid hormones; normalizes vascular permeability, is used for the prevention and treatment of scurvy: А Ascorbic acid О Б Nicotinic acid О В Folic acid О Г Rutin Determine the vitamin drug: refers to fatsoluble vitamins, stimulates the synthesis of В 0403 prothrombin, proconvertin and other blood coagulation factors in the liver; is an antagonist of indirect anticoagulants: А Menadione sodium bisulfite О Б Retinol О В Ergocalciferol О Г Tocopherol Determine the vitamin drug: refers to watersoluble vitamins; is an antipellagric agent, has В 0404 a vasodilating and hypolipidemic effect, is used for pellagra, atherosclerosis, vascular spasms: А Nicotinic acid О Б Thiamine О В Rutin О Г Folic acid В 0405 Lipid-lowering drugs - all listed, except: А Angioprotectors О Б Ezetimibe О В О Г Fibric acid derivatives О Д Nicotinic acid В 0406 Statins (3-hydroxy-3 - methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) Drugs that lower blood levels of triglycerides (VLDL): А Fibric acid derivatives О Б Statins О В Ezetimibe В 0407 An inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption: А Ezetimibe О Б Nicotinic acid О В Fluvastatin В 0408 Statins: А Lovastatin О Б Fenofibrate О В Alirokumab О Г Ezetimibe В 0409 Antiatherogenic lipoproteins: А HDL О Б LDPP О В LDL О Г VLDL В 0410 Inhibits the transport of cholesterol in intestinal enterocytes: А Ezetimibe О Б Evolocumab О В Lovastatin О Г Nicotinic acid В 0411 Has antioxidant activity: А Omega-3 triglycerides О Б Nicotinic acid О В Fenofibrate О Г A nicotinic acid В 0412 А О Б О В О Г О Д В 0413 А All of the following is typical for statins except for: They have an antioxidant effect Inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase Suppress the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver Compensatory increase in the number of LDL receptors in the liver Decrease plasma levels of LDL Everything is characteristic of ezetimibe except: Inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase Reduces the absorption of cholesterol in the О Б О В Affects total cholesterol levels О Г Increases the content of LDL in the liver О Д Is a prodrug В 0414 А О Б О В О Г О Д В 0415 intestines For derivatives of fibric acid, everything is characteristic except: Inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase Increases the activity of vascular endothelial lipoprotein lipase Inhibits the synthesis of VLDL in the liver Increases the number of LDL receptors in the liver Stimulates endocytosis of LDL in the liver All groups of drugs can cause myopathy, except for: А Omega-3 triglycerides О Б Nicotinic acid О В Fibrates О Г Statins В 0416 Nicotinic acid side effects are all except: А Hypouricemia О Б Dyspeptic disorders О В Peptic ulcer of the stomach О Г Hyperemia of the skin О Д Hyperuricemia О Е Liver dysfunction В 0417 Fibric acid derivatives side effects are all except: А Hyperemia of the skin О Б Myopathy О В Cholesterol gallstones О Г Arrhythmias О Д Dyspeptic disorders В 0418 Lovastatin side effects are everything except: А Myasthenia gravis О Б Myopathy О В Rhabdomyolysis О Г Liver dysfunction В 0419 Ezetimibe side effects are everything except: А Hypotension О Б Diarrhea О В Nausea О Г Vomiting It inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl В 0420 coenzyme A reductase, compensatory increases the number of LDL receptors, and mainly reduces the level of LDL in the blood plasma: А Lovastatin О Б Ezetimibe О В Omega-3 triglycerides О Г Fenofibrate Determine the drug: reduces the content of LDL and HDL in blood plasma; reduces the В 0421 oxidation of LDL and their atherogenicity; almost no effect on the level of triglyceridecontaining lipoproteins: А Antioxidants О Б Nicotinic acid О В Lovastatin О Г Cholestyramine Determine the drug: reduces the activity of intracellular lipase; reduces the content of fatty acids in the blood and their supply to the В 0422 liver, reduces the biosynthesis of triglycerides and VLDL; reduces the content of LDL and VLDL in the blood; used for all types of hyperlipoproteinemia: А Nicotinic acid О Б Fluvastatin О В Pravastatin О Г Fenofibrate О Д Ezetimibe Determine the drug: reduces the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine by the cholesterol В 0423 transport inhibiting in enterocytes; reduces the content of LDL in the blood and slightly VLDL, slightly increases the amount of HDL: А Ezetimibe О Б Pravastatin О В Gemfibrozil О Г Nicotinic acid О Д Atorvastatin В 0424 А О Б О В О Г В 0425 All statements regarding hyperlipidemic drugs are true, except: Ezetimibe - bile acid sequestrant Nicotinic acid is used for all types of hyperlipoproteinemia Lovastatin reduces mainly the content of LDL in blood plasma Fenofibrate reduces mainly the content of VLDL in blood plasma All statements regarding hyperlipidemic drugs are true, except: А Nicotinic acid is a statin О Б Fenofibrate - a fibric acid derivative О В О Г В 0426 Ezetimibe inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol Antioxidants reduce LDL oxidation and atherogenicity A drug that interferes with the absorption of fats in the intestine: А Orlistat О Б Sibutramine О В Olestra О Г Fepranon В 0427 Everything is typical for Orlistat, except for: А Suppresses appetite О Б Lipase inhibitor О В Prevents hydrolysis of fats О Г Disrupts intestinal fat absorption Determine the drug used for obesity: inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin В 0428 in the structures of the hypothalamus that regulate food intake; reduces appetite; favorably affects the content of lipids in blood plasma, can have a psychostimulating effect А Sibutramine О Б Fepranon О В Orlistat О Г Olestra Determine the drug used for obesity: does not affect appetite; inhibits lipase and prevents the В 0429 hydrolysis of edible fats; reduces the absorption of cholesterol and triglycerides in the intestine: А Orlistat О Б Fepranon О В Olestra О Г Sibutramine В 0430 Correct statement regarding remedies used for obesity: А Olestra - fat substitute О Б Orlistat - anorexigenic agent О В Sibutramine - lipase inhibitor О Г Fepranon - sugar substitute В 0431 Sibutramine side effects are all except: А Bradycardia and lower blood pressure О Б Insomnia О В Tachycardia and increased blood pressure О Г Dry mouth В 0432 Hormones that have a beneficial effect on osteoporosis are all except: А Gestagens О Б Androgens О В Estrogens О Г Calcitonin В 0433 Drugs that have a beneficial effect on osteoporosis - everything except: А Loop diuretics О Б Bisphosphonates О В О Г В Active metabolites and derivatives of vitamin D3 Calcium salt preparations 0434 The drug which is a fluoride: А Sodium monofluorophosphate О Б Alendronate О В Alfacalcidol О Г Phenabolin В 0435 Everything is true for bisphosphonates except: А Increase the absorption of calcium ions in the intestine Decrease the activity and number of О Б О В О Г Reduce bone resorption О Д May cause osteomalacia В osteoclasts Reduces the stimulating effect of osteoblasts on osteclasts 0436 Alfacalcidol does not correspond to: А Calcium preparations О Б Vitamin D3 derivatives О В Promotes intestinal absorption of calcium О Г О Д В Increases calcium resorption in the renal tubules Can be used for hypoparathyroidism 0437 Miacalcic is not used for: А Hypoparathyroidism О Б Nephrocalcinosis О В Postmenopausal osteoporosis О Г Corticosteroid osteoporosis В 0438 The indications of alfacalciferol are all, except: А Hypercalcemia О Б Hypocalcemia О В Osteoporosis О Г Hypoparathyroidism О Д Rickets В 0439 Indications of bisphosphonates are all except: А Hypocalcemia О Б Hypercalcemia О В Osteoporosis О Г Hypoparathyroidism О Д Osteolysis with metastases of tumors in the bone Determine the anti-osteoporotic drug: increases the absorption of calcium in the intestine and its reabsorption in the renal В 0440 tubules; increases the content of calcium in the blood, promotes bone mineralization; used for hypocalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, rickets: А Alfacalciferol О Б Alendronate О В Estradiol О Г Calcitrin Determine the anti-osteoporotic drug: reduces the content of calcium ions in the blood, В 0441 reduces bone resorption; used for osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism; requires additional administration of calcium preparations: А Miacalcic О Б Alendronate О В Alfacalciferol О Г Calcitrin В 0442 Drugs that inhibit the biosynthesis of uric acid: А Allopurinol О Б Colchicine О В Etamide О Г Indomethacin В 0443 Anti-inflammatory drugs used for gout are all except: А Allopurinol О Б Prednisone О В Indomethacin О Г Colchicine В 0444 Specific herbal anti-gout agent with antiinflammatory activity: А Colchicine О Б Prednisone О В Allopurinol О Г Indomethacin В 0445 Each statement is true for benzbromarone except: А Has anti-inflammatory effect О Б Inhibits the synthesis of purine bases О В Reduces intestinal absorption of uric acid О Г В Inhibits the resorption of uric acid in the proximal renal tubules 0446 A drug used primarily to relieve gout attacks: А Colchicine О Б Sulfinpyrazone О В Etamide О Г Allopurinol В 0447 Allopurinol side effects are all except: А Formation of stones in the biliary tract О Б Formation of stones in the urinary tract О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Inhibition of hematopoiesis О Д Exacerbation of gout В 0448 А Long-term side effects of glucocorticoids are all except: Hypoglycemia Ulceration of the mucous membrane of the О Б О В Adrenal cortex atrophy О Г Arterial hypertension О Д Suppression of immunity В stomach and intestines 0449 Colchicine side effects are everything except: А Ulcerogenic action О Б Severe abdominal pain О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Blood Toxicity О Д Alopecia Determine the anti-gout drug: used to prevent gout attacks; may exacerbate gout; has no В 0450 anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect; does not affect phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase; inhibits xanthine oxidase and uric acid biosynthesis: А Allopurinol О Б Sulfinpyrazone О В Colchicine О Г Indomethacin Determine the anti-gout drug: quickly and effectively suppresses pain during a gout В 0451 attack; does not affect phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase; inhibits the mitotic activity of granulocytes and their migration to the inflammation focus: А Colchicine О Б Allopurinol О В Etamide О Г Indomethacin Determine the anti-gout drug: has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect; may В 0452 cause ulcerogenic effect; It has no antipyretic and analgesic effect, indirectly inhibits the activity of phospholipase A2: А Prednisone О Б Indomethacin О В Kolchzin О Г Etamide Determine the anti-gout drug: used to prevent В 0453 gout attacks; does not affect xanthine oxidase, phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase; can cause urinary tract stones: А Etamide О Б Allopurinol О В Indomethacin О Г Prednisolone В 0454 Correct statements regarding anti-gout drugs are all except: А Etamide - xanthine oxidase inhibitor О Б Colchicine - an alkaloid of Colchicum autumn О В Indomethacin is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug О Г О Д В 0455 Allopurinol - inhibits the reabsorption of uric acid in the proximal renal tubules Prednisolone - glucocorticoid Glucocorticoids are all of the following drugs except: А Celecoxib О Б Prednisone О В Dexamethasone О Г Hydrocortisone В 0456 Non-selective inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2 are all of the following drugs except: А Celecoxib О Б Indomethacin О В Ibuprofen О Г Acetylsalicylic acid О Д Diclofenac В 0457 Selective COX-2 inhibitor: А Celecoxib О Б Naproxen О В Diclofenac О Г Acetylsalicylic acid В 0458 Glucocorticoids do not interfere with the formation of: А Phospholipids О Б Arachidonic acid О В Leukotrienes О Г Prostaglandins О Д Platelet activating factor В 0459 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the formation of: А Prostaglandins О Б Arachidonic acid О В Platelet activating factor О Г Leukotrienes The analgesic effect of non-steroidal antiВ 0460 inflammatory drugs is due to everything except: О А By activation of opioid receptors Б Inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins Decreased sensitivity of nociceptors to О В inflammatory mediators (bradykinin, histamine) О Г О Д В 0461 Reduces the activity of macrophages and fibroblasts Reduces the accumulation of leukocytes Glucocorticoids in the area of inflammation cause everything except: А Increase exudation О Б Constricts small vessels О В Reduce exudation О Г О Д В 0462 Reduces the activity of macrophages and fibroblasts Reduces the accumulation of leukocytes The antipyretic effect is caused by all drugs except: А Prednisone О Б Diclofenac О В Ibuprofen О Г Naproxen О Д Acetylsalicylic acid В 0463 Indications for the use of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are all except: А Cushing's syndrome О Б Immediate hypersensitivity reactions О В Delayed type hypersensitivity reactions О Г Graft rejection reactions О Д Autoimmune diseases О Е Addison's disease В 0464 Indications for the use of prednisolone are everything except: А Peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer О Б Bronchial asthma О В Contact dermatitis О Г Autoimmune diseases О Д Graft rejection reaction В 0465 А Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for all indications except for: As analgesics in the acute phase of myocardial infarction О Б With a gout attack О В As an antipyretic agent О Г For acute and chronic rheumatic diseases О Д As analgesics for arthralgia, neuralgia, myalgia В 0466 Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause all side effects except: А Hypoglycemia О Б Edema О В Increased blood pressure О Г Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex О Д В Ulceration of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum 0467 Side effects of NSAIDs are all except: А Suppression of adrenal function Ulcerative lesions of the stomach and О Б О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Allergic reactions В duodenum 0468 For prednisone, everything is true except: А Increases the release of sodium ions and water from the body Indirectly inhibits the activity of phospholipase О Б О В Retains sodium and water ions in the body О Г Disrupts the formation of prostaglandins О Д Disrupts the formation of leukotrienes В A2 0469 Dexamethasone causes everything except: А Stimulation of immune processes О Б Suppression of the formation of leukotrienes О В О Г О Д Suppression of the formation of prostaglandins Suppression of immunity processes Decrease in the content of lymphocytes and eosinophils in the blood Determine the anti-inflammatory drug: stimulates the formation of lipocortins; disrupts the formation of prostaglandins and В 0470 leukotrienes due to the mediated inhibition of the activity of phospholipase A2; has antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive properties: А Prednisone О Б Diclofenac О В Ibuprofen О Г Celecoxib Determine the anti-inflammatory drug: disrupts the formation of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, has antiВ 0471 inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antiplatelet properties; as side effects, it can cause ulceration of the gastric mucosa, bronchospasm and hearing impairment: А Acetylsalicylic acid О Б Hydrocortisone О В Diclofenac О Г Prednisolone В 0472 А О Б О В О Г В 0473 А О Б О В О Г В 0474 The false statement regarding antiinflammatories is: Glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Glucocorticoids interfere with the formation of arachidonic acid from phospholpids Prednisolone - glucocoticoid All statements regarding anti-inflammatory drugs are true except: Prednisolone has immunostimulating properties Acetylsalicylic acid irreversibly inhibits COX Dexamethasone is a steroidal antiinflammatory agent Ibuprofen has an analgesic effect Drugs used to treat immediate allergic reactions are all except: А Cytostatics О Б Glucocorticoids О В Histamine H1 receptor blockers О Г Agents that prevent mast cell degranulation О Д Adrenomimetics Drugs that prevent the interaction of histamine В 0475 with H1-histamine receptors in tissues are all except: А Cromoline sodium О Б Chloropyramine О В Diphenhydramine О Г Hifenadine О Д Loratadin В 0476 Drugs used in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions are all except: А Histamine H1 receptor blockers О Б Cytostatics О В Cyclosporine О Г Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs В 0477 Immunosuppressants are all drugs except: А Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs О Б Cyclosporine О В Glucocorticoids О Г Cytostatics Blockers of histamine H1 receptors will В 0478 decrease all of the following effects of histamine, except: А Increased gastric secretion О Б Increased capillary permeability О В О Г В 0479 А О Б О В О Г В Increasing the tone of the bronchi and intestines Decreased tone of smooth muscles of the arteries Everything is typical for Diphenhydramine except for: Prevents the release of allergy mediators from mast cells Blocks histamine H1 receptors Used to treat immediate-type allergic reactions Has hypnotic properties 0480 Properties of glucocorticoids are all except: А Antipyretic О Б Anti-inflammatory О В Immunosuppressive О Г Antiallergic В 0481 The immunosuppressive effect of glucocorticoids is due to everything except: А Violation of the prostanoids synthesis О Б Suppression of T-lymphocytes proliferation О В Decreased production of cytokines О Г Suppression of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes О Д Decreased activity of T-killers В 0482 Everything is true for azathioprine, except for: А Suppresses the production of interleukin-2 О Б Inhibits Purine Synthesis О В О Г В In the body, it is transformed into 6mercaptopurine Inhibits the early phase of T-lymphocyte proliferation 0483 Everything is true about Takvitin except: А Used as an immunosuppressant О Б Stimulates the production of cytokines О В О Г В Restores suppressed production of Tlymphocytes Thymus hormone 0484 Everything is true about Takvitin except: А О Б О В О Г О Д В 0485 Suppresses the activity of macrophages Stimulates aggression of interleukin-2 receptors Increases the "killer" activity of T-lymphocytes Stimulates the production of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 Used for immunodeficiency states For immediate hypersensitivity reactions all druvgs are used except: А Azathioprine О Б Diphenhydramine О В Prednisone О Г Cromoline sodium О Д Epinephrine В 0486 Indications of H1-histamine receptors blockers are all except: А Collagenoses О Б Hives О В Pollinosis О Г Quincke's edema О Д Serum sickness В 0487 Diphenhydramine is used for all indications, except for: А Anaphylactic shock О Б Allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis О В Pollinosis О Г As a sleeping pill Determine the anti-allergic drug: prevents the release of allergy mediators from mast cells; В 0488 inhibit T-lymphocytes; have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties; used for hypersensitivity reactions of immediate and delayed types: А Glucocorticoids О Б Cytostatics О В Immunostimulants О Г Histamine H1 receptor blockers Determine the drug: prevents the interaction of histamine with H1-histamine receptors; В 0489 weaken the ability of histamine to cause spasm of smooth muscles of the bronchi and intestines, increase capillary permeability; used for immediate allergic reactions: А Loratadin О Б Cromoline sodium О В Prednisolone О Г Azathioprine Weakens the ability of histamine to increase capillary permeability and cause spasms of the В 0490 bronchi and intestines, but does not affect the ability of histamine to increase gastric secretion; has a hypnotic effect; used for immediate allergic reactions: А Diphenhydramine О Б Prednisolone О В Aminophylline О Г Cromoline sodium Determine the drug: prevents the release of allergy mediators from mast cells; does not В 0491 possess adrenomimetic properties; used to prevent attacks of bronchial asthma, with developing attacks of bronchial asthma is ineffective: А Cromoline sodium О Б Aminophylline О В Prednisone О Г Epinephrine Determine the drug: prevents the release of allergy mediators from mast cells; increases В 0492 blood pressure, dilates the bronchi, increases blood glucose; used to relieve anaphylactic shock and attacks of bronchial asthma: А Epinephrine О Б Mebhydrolin О В Diphenhydramine О Г Cromoline sodium О Д Aminophylline Determine the drug: inhibits the proliferation of lymphocytes and reduces their cytotoxicity, prevents the release of allergy mediators from В 0493 mast cells, disrupts the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes; has antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive properties; used for hypersensitivity reactions of immediate and delayed types: А Prednisone О Б Epinephrine О В Diphenhydramine О Г Cromoline sodium О Д Cyclosporine В 0494 Glucocorticoids can cause all of the following effects except: А Increased immunity О Б Decreased immunity О В Slow down regeneration О Г О Д В 0495 Ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex All statements regarding antiallergic and immunotropic agents are correct, except for: А Cromoline sodium - immunosuppressant О Б Prednisolone - immunosuppressant О В Hydrocortisone - glucocorticoid О Г В 0496 А О Б О В О Г В 0497 А О Б О В О Г В Diphenhydramine - histamine H1 receptor blocker All statements regarding antiallergic and immunotropic agents are correct, except for: Mebhydrolin is effective for delayed-type allergic reactions Cyclosporine has immunosuppressive properties Aminophylline is used to prevent and relieve bronchospasm Taktivine is effective in immunodeficient conditions All statements regarding antiallergic and immunotropic agents are correct, except for: Mebhydrolin prevents the release of allergy mediators from mast cells Cromoline sodium is used to prevent bronchospasm Epinephrine is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock Aminophylline has a myotropic antispasmodic effect 0498 Nitrofuran derivative: А Furacilin О Б Pure phenol О В Chloramine B О Г Ethacridine В 0499 О Chlorhexidine is characterized by all of the above, except: А Denatures proteins of microorganisms Б Has a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect Violates the integrity of the cell, causes О В precipitation of the cytoplasmic contents of bacteria It is used to treat hands and infected wound О Г surfaces, diseases of the oral cavity and pharynx. В 0500 А Correct statements regarding antiseptics are all except: Formaldehyde is used for rinsing Potassium permanganate in the presence of О Б О В Benzalkonium chloride belongs to detergents О Г Furacilin (nitrofural) - a nitrofuran derivative В 0501 А О Б О В О Г organic compounds releases atomic oxygen Correct statements regarding antiseptics are all except: Phenol solutions are used to treat skin and mucous membranes Methylene blue is used for cyanide poisoning Ammonia solution is used to treat the surgeon's hands Brilliant green is used for purulent skin lesions В 0502 β-Lactam antibiotics - all except: А Azalids О Б Penicillins О В Cephalosporins О Г Monobactams О Д Carbapenems В 0503 Azalides include: А Azithromycin О Б Benzathine benzylpenicillin О В Oxacillin О Г Cefpirome О Д Vancomycin О Е Clindamycin О Ж Erythromycin В 0504 Tetracyclines group antibiotic is: А Doxycycline О Б Azithromycin О В Clindamycin О Г Cefotaxime О Д Vancomycin В 0505 Polypeptide antibiotic: А Polymyxin B О Б Azithromycin О В Vancomycin О Г Imipenem О Д Aztreons О Е Clindamycin О Ж Erythromycin В 0506 Lincosamide: А Clindamycin О Б Meropenem О В Cephalexin О Г Erythromycin О Д Vancomycin О Е Amikacin В 0507 Mostly gram-negative bacteria are affected by: А Polymyxin B О Б Amikacin О В Tetracycline О Г Vancomycin О Д Clindamycin О Е Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt В 0508 Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: А Gentamicin О Б Oxacillin О В Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt О Г Benzathine benzylpenicillin В 0509 Protein synthesis on ribosomes is disrupted by all groups of antibiotics, except for: А Rifampicin О Б Aminoglycosides О В Erythromycin О Г Chloramphenicol О Д Tetracyclines О Е Vancomycin В 0510 Rifampicin disrupts: А RNA synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г Cell wall synthesis В 0511 Polymyxin B interferes with: А Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Б RNA synthesis О В Cell wall synthesis О Г Protein synthesis on ribosomes В 0512 β-Lactam antibiotics are bactericidal because they disrupt: А Cell wall synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г RNA synthesis В 0513 Biosynthetic penicillins act bactericidal because they disrupt: А Cell wall synthesis О Б RNA synthesis О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г Protein synthesis on ribosomes В 0514 Semisynthetic penicillins act bactericidal because they disrupt: А Cell wall synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г RNA synthesis В 0515 Carbapenems act bactericidal because they disrupt: А Cell wall synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г RNA synthesis В 0516 Aztreonam acts bactericidal because it disrupts: А Cell wall synthesis О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В RNA synthesis О Г Protein synthesis on ribosomes В 0517 Tetracyclines act bacteriostatically because they disrupt: А Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В RNA synthesis О Г Cell wall synthesis В 0518 Polymyxin B acts bactericidal because it disrupts: А Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Cell wall synthesis О Г RNA synthesis В 0519 Rifampicin is bactericidal because it disrupts: А RNA synthesis О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Г Cell wall synthesis В 0520 Chloramphenicol acts bacteriostatically because it disrupts: А Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Cell wall synthesis О Г RNA synthesis В 0521 Glycopeptides act bactericidal because they disrupt: А Cell wall synthesis О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Г RNA synthesis В 0522 Erythromycin acts bacteriostatically because it disrupts: А Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Б Cell wall synthesis О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г RNA synthesis В 0523 А All microorganisms are sensitive to biosynthetic penicillins, except: Β-lactamase-producing gram-positive cocci Gram-positive cocci that do not produce β- О Б О В Gram-negative cocci О Г Causative agents of gas gangrene and tetanus О Д Diphtheria bacillus О Е The causative agent of anthrax В 0524 А lactamase All microorganisms are sensitive to ampicillin, except: Β-lactamase-producing gram-positive cocci Gram-positive cocci that do not produce β- О Б О В Gram-negative cocci О Г Causative agents of gas gangrene and tetanus О Д Diphtheria bacillus О Е О Ж В 0525 lactamase Intestinal group of bacteria (shigella, salmonella) Chlamydia Semisynthetic penicillin with the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: А Carbenicillin О Б Oxacillin О В Amoxicillin О Г Ampicillin В 0526 Cephalosporins: А Have a wide spectrum of action О Б Affect mainly gram-positive bacteria О В Effective against chlamydia О Г Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria В 0527 Carbapenems: А Have a wide spectrum of action О Б Affect mainly gram-positive bacteria О В Effective against chlamydia О Г Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria В 0528 Aztreonam: А Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria О Б Affects mainly gram-positive bacteria О В Effective against chlamydia О Г Has a broad spectrum of action В 0529 The most sensitive to erythromycin are: А Gram-positive cocci, spirochetes and borrelia О Б Gram-negative cocci О В Chlamydia О Г В 0530 Intestinal group of bacteria (shigella, salmonella) All microorganisms are sensitive to tetracyclines, except: А Mycobacterium tuberculosis О Б Ricketsia О В О Г О Д О Е В Intestinal group of bacteria (shigella, salmonella) Cholera vibrio Causative agents of plague, brucellosis, tularemia Gram-positive and gram-negative cocci 0531 Sensitive to polymyxin B: А Pseudomonas aeruginosa О Б Mycobacterium tuberculosis О В Gram-positive cocci О Г О Д В 0532 А О Б О В О Г О Д В 0533 Intestinal group of bacteria (shigella, salmonella) Causative agents of gas gangrene and tetanus All of the following is true for carbenicillin, except Affects mainly gram-positive flora Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and all types of proteus Has a broad spectrum of action It breaks down in the acidic environment of the stomach Administered parenterally Semisynthetic penicillin which is resistant to βlactamases of gram-positive bacteria: А Oxacillin О Б Amoxicillin О В Azlocillin О Г Ampicillin О Д Carbenicillin В 0534 Erythromycin: А Acts bacteriostatically О Б Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria О В Has a broad spectrum of action О Г Acts bactericidal Determine the drug: Acts mainly on grampositive bacteria; disrupt the synthesis of the В 0535 cell wall; not resistant to β-lactamases of gram-positive bacteria; destroyed in the acidic environment of the stomach; are prescribed parenterally: А Biosynthetic penicillins О Б Tetracyclines О В Cephalosporins О Г Macrolides Determine the drug: acts mainly on grampositive bacteria; disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall; resistant to β-lactamases of gramВ 0536 positive bacteria; do not act on spirochetes and borellias; acid resistant; administered orally and parenterally; duration of action 4-6 hours: А Oxacillin О Б Amoxicillin О В Erythromycin О Г Benzylpenicillin sodium salt О Д Ampicillin Determine the drug: has a wide spectrum of action; disrupts the synthesis of the cell wall is В 0537 unstable to β-lactamases of gram-positive bacteria; acid-fast, administered orally and parenterally; duration of action 4-8 hours: А Ampicillin О Б Amoxicillin О В Oxacillin О Г Benzylpenicillin sodium salt Determine the drug: the spectrum of action is close to the sodium salt of benzylpenicillin; В 0538 disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes; able to accumulate in phagocytes; appoint inside; duration of action 4-6 hours: А Erythromycin О Б Oxacillin О В Ampicillin О Г Gentamicin Determine the drug: has a wide spectrum of action; is highly effective against the causative agents of plague, tularemia, brucellosis, В 0539 cholera, as well as rickettsia, chlamydia; in terms of influence on gram-positive bacteria, they are inferior to benzylpenicillin preparations; disrupt protein synthesis on ribosomes; deposited in bones: А Tetracyclines О Б Cephalosporins О В Aminoglycosides О Г Lincosamides Determine the drug: has a wide spectrum of action; is effective against mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; В 0540 disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes; has a bactericidal effect; poorly absorbed from the digestive tract; bacterial resistance develops slowly; are prescribed parenterally: А Gentamicin О Б Tetracyclines О В Erythromycin Determine the drug: acts mainly on gramnegative bacteria; is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa; violates the В 0541 permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane; poorly absorbed from the digestive tract; bacterial resistance develops slowly; are prescribed parenterally: А Polymyxin B О Б Chloramphenicol О В Tetracycline О Г Gentamicin Determine the drug: acts mainly on streptococci and staphylococci, bacterioids; В 0542 disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes; has a bacteriostatic effect, is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; appoint inside: А Clindamycin О Б Erythromycin О В Tetracycline О Г Oxacillin For staphylococcal infections, resistance to В 0543 biosynthetic penicillins, all drugs are used, except А Ampicillin О Б Oxacillin О В Vancomycin О Г Macrolides О Д Cephalosporins The drugs of choice for the treatment of В 0544 infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa - everything except: А Tetracyclines О Б Azlocillin О В Aminoglycosides О Г Carbenicillin В 0545 As an anti-tuberculosis drug used: А Streptomycin О Б Tetracycline О В Ampicillin О Г Erythromycin В 0546 The antibiotics for treatment of infections caused by streptococci are all except: А Macrolides О Б Aminoglycosides О В Biosynthetic penicillins О Г Ampicillin В 0547 Side effects associated with the chemotherapeutic effect of antibiotics: А Aggravation reaction О Б Liver damage О В Kidney damage О Г Allergic reactions В 0548 The side effects of biosynthetic penicillins are all except: А Hearing loss and vestibular disorders О Б Allergic reactions О В Local irritant action О Г Aggravation reaction В 0549 Ampicillin side effects are all except: А Liver damage О Б Allergic reactions О В Dysbacteriosis О Г Aggravation reaction В 0550 The side effects of cephalosporins are all except: А Hearing impairment and vestibular disorders О Б Aggravation reaction О В Dysbacteriosis О Г Allergic reactions В 0551 The side effects of erythromycin are all except: А Kidney damage О Б Liver damage О В Allergic reactions О Г Dysbacteriosis В О 0552 Side effects of tetracyclines are all except: А Kidney damage Б Allergic reactions О В Liver damage О Г Dysbacteriosis О Д Photosensitization О Е Impaired skeletal formation В 0553 Chloramphenicol side effects are all except: А Liver damage О Б Dysbacteriosis О В Inhibition of hematopoiesis О Г Allergic reactions В 0554 Side effects of aminoglycosides are all except: А Liver damage О Б Allergic reactions О В Aggravation reaction О Г Kidney damage О Д Hearing and vestibular system impairment О Е Blockade of neuromuscular transmission В 0555 Side effects of clindamycin are all except: А Kidney damage Dysbacteriosis (pseudomembranous colitis, О Б О В Allergic reactions О Г Leukopenia О Д Liver damage В etc.) 0556 Side effects of vancomycin are all except: А Liver damage О Б Allergic reactions О В Kidney damage О Г Local irritant action О Д Hearing impairment О Е Inhibition of hematopoiesis В 0557 All drugs can cause liver damage except: А Aminoglycosides О Б Tetracyclines О В Rifampicin О Г Erythromycin В 0558 Ototoxic action is caused by: А Aminoglycosides О Б Macrolides О В Polymyxin B О Г Rifampicin В 0559 A depressing effect on neuromuscular transmission is caused by: А Aminoglycosides О Б Biosynthetic penicillins О В Rifampicin О Г Tetracyclines В 0560 Rational combination of antibiotics А Ampicillin + Oxacillin Benzylpenicillin sodium salt (benzylpenicillin) О Б О В Polymyxin M + streptomycin О Г Streptomycin + amikacin В + tetracycline 0561 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А Erythromycin disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Б Ampicillin disrupts cell wall synthesis О В Doxycycline has a broad spectrum of action О Г В О Б О В О Г О Б О В О Г О Б О В О Г Chloramphenicol has a broad spectrum of action Amoxicillin is administered orally Bacterial resistance to gentamicin develops slowly Tetracycline disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane Aminoglycosides disrupt protein synthesis on ribosomes Rifampicin disrupts RNA synthesis Cephalosporins interfere with cell wall synthesis Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is a semisynthetic penicillin Azlocillin is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Polymyxin B is neurotoxic Clavulanic acid expands the spectrum of antibacterial action of amoxicillin 0565 The correct statement regarding antibiotics is: А О Б О В О Г В positive bacteria 0564 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А В Oxacillin is destroyed by β-lactamase of gram- 0563 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А В bacteria 0562 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А В Streptomycin does not affect anaerobic Aminoglycosides can cause hearing damage and vestibular disorders Oxacillin has a broad spectrum of action Bacterial resistance to erythromycin develops slowly Bicillins are stable in the acidic environment of the stomach 0566 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А Aztreonam acts bacteriostatically Imipenem is destroyed by dihydropeptidase-1 О Б О В Tetracycline is deposited in bone tissue О Г Cephalosporins are broad-spectrum В of the proximal renal tubules 0567 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А Vancomycin acts bacteriostatically О Б Clindamycin is effective against bacterioids О В О Г В Polymyxin B disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane Cefotaxime is administered parenterally 0568 Everything is true regarding antibiotics except: А О Б О В О Г В 0569 Cefaclor is destroyed in the acidic environment of the stomach Tetracyclines are the drugs of choice for cholera, plague, brucellosis Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic Vancomycin is used for infections caused by multidrug-resistant staphylococcal strains For resorptive action, all sulfonamides are used, except: А Phthalylsulfathiazole О Б Sulfadimidine О В Sulfalen О Г Sulfadimethoxine В 0570 Sulfanilamide which works for 4-6 hours: А Sulfadimidine О Б Sulfaguanidine О В Phthalylsulfathiazole О Г Sulfalen В 0571 Ultra-long-acting sulfanilamide drug: А Sulfalen О Б Phthalylsulfathiazole О В Sulfadimethoxine О Г Sulfacetamide В 0572 Mainly in the intestinal lumen acts: А Phthalylsulfathiazole О Б Sulfalen О В Sulfadimethoxine О Г Sulfadimidine В 0573 Sulfanilamide drugs: А Have a wide spectrum of action О Б Affect mainly gram-positive bacteria О В Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria О Г Effective against mycobacteria В 0574 Sulfanilamide drugs affect all microorganisms except: А Mycobacterium tuberculosis О Б Clostridia О В Gram-positive and gram-negative cocci О Г Shigella О Д Chlamydia О Е Bacterioids В 0575 Sulfanilamide drugs disrupt: А Nucleic acid synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Cell wall synthesis О Г Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane В 0576 Trimethoprim disrupts А Nucleic acid synthesis О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Cell wall synthesis О Г Protein synthesis В 0577 All sulfonamides are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract except: А Phthalylsulfathiazole О Б Sulfadimidine О В Sulfadimethoxine О Г Sulfalen О Д Sulfacetamide Determine the sulfa drug: well absorbed from В 0578 the gastrointestinal tract; appoint 4-6 times a day: А Sulfadimidine О Б Phthalylsulfathiazole О В Sulfadimethoxine О Г Sulfalen Determine the sulfa drug: poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; the В 0579 antimicrobial effect is due to the formation of norsulfazole; used to treat intestinal infections; used 4-6 times a day: А Phthalylsulfathiazole О Б Sulfadimidine О В Sulfalen О Г Sulfadimethoxine Determine the sulfa drug: well absorbed from В 0580 the gastrointestinal tract; effectively reabsorbed in the kidneys; binds to blood proteins by 80-85%; used 1-2 times a day: А Sulfadimethoxine О Б Phthalylsulfathiazole О В Sulfadimidine О Г Sulfalen В 0581 For the prevention and treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, the following drug is used: А Sulfacetamide О Б Sulfadimidine О В Sulfadimethoxine О Г Phthalylsulfathiazole В 0582 Sulfasalazine is used for: А Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease О Б Intestinal infections О В Infectious eye lesions О Г Soft tissue infections В 0583 Side effects of sulfa drugs are all listed except: А Aggravation reaction О Б Allergic reactions О В Dysbacteriosis О Г Crystalluria О Д Hematological disorders (anemia, leukopenia) О Е Dyspeptic symptoms В 0584 Rational combinations are all except: А Sulfonamides + folic acid О Б Sulfonamides + tetracyclines О В Sulfonamides + chloramphenicol О Г Sulfonamides + trimethoprim В 0585 Correct statement regarding sulfonamides: А Sulfadimidine is prescribed 4-6 times a day О Б Sulfadimethokine is not renal reabsorbed О В О Г В 0586 А Sulfadimidine is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract Phthalylsulfathiazole is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract Everything is true regarding sulfonamides except: Sulfadimethoxine is prescribed 4-6 times a day Phthalylsulfathiazole is used for intestinal О Б О В Sulfadimidine has a broad spectrum of action О Г Silver sulfathiazole is used externally В 0587 infections Everything is true regarding sulfonamides except: А Trimethoprim has a bactericidal effect О Б Sulfadimidine has a bacteriostatic effect О В О Г В 0588 Co-trimoxazole is more effective than sulfa drugs Sulfadimethoxine causes crystalluria Everything is true regarding sulfonamides except: А Sulfalene is prescribed 1-2 times a day. О Б Silver sulfathiazole is used topically О В Sulfanilamide drugs cause allergic reactions О Г Co-trimoxazole has a bactericidal effect В 0589 Quinolone derivatives are all except: А Nitroxoline О Б Nalidixic acid О В Ofloxacin О Г Ciprofloxacin О Д Moxifloxcin В 0590 Fluoroquinolones are all except: А Nitroxoline О Б Ofloxacin О В Ciprofloxacin О Г Moxifloxacin В 0591 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative: А Nitroxoline О Б Furazolidone О В Nalidixic acid О Г Metronidazole В 0592 Oxazolidinones: А Linezolid О Б Dioxidine О В Metronidazole О Г Ciprofloxacin В 0593 Nalidixic acid disrupts: А DNA synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г Cell wall synthesis В 0594 Linezolid disrupts: А Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Cell wall synthesis О Г DNA replication О Д RNA formation В 0595 All drugs have a bactericidal effect, except for: А Nitroxoline О Б Nitrofurans О В Quinolone derivatives О Г Quinoxaline derivatives О Д Linezolid В 0596 Everything is true about nalidixic acid except: А Has a broad spectrum of action О Б Affects mainly gram-negative bacteria О В Acts bactericidal О Г Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract О Д Excreted by the kidneys, mainly unchanged О Е Bacterial resistance develops rapidly В 0597 For fluoroquinolones everything is typical except: А Affect mainly gram-positive bacteria О Б Have a wide spectrum of action О В О Г Disrupt DNA replication and RNA formation О Д They act bactericidal О Е Bacterial resistance develops slowly В Inhibit topoisomerase II and topoisomerase IV in a microbial cell 0598 Everything is true about ciprofloxacin except: А Does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier Highly effective against gonococci, О Б О В О Г Penetrates the blood-brain barrier О Д Has a broad spectrum of action О Е For oral and intravenous administration О Ж Assign 2 times a day В 0599 Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mycoplasma, chlamydia, klebsiella For urinary tract infections everything is used except: А Furazolidone О Б Fluoroquinolones О В Nitroxoline О Г Furadonin (nitrofurantoin) О Д Nalidixic acid В 0600 Furazolidone is used for all infections, except for: А Amoebic dysentery О Б Bacillary dysentery О В Giardiasis О Г Trichomoniasis В 0601 Nitroxoline is used for: А Urinary tract infections О Б Respiratory system infections О В CNS infections О Г Skin and soft tissue infections В 0602 Nalidixic acid can cause all of the listed side effects, except: А Hearing loss and vestibular disorders О Б Dyspeptic disorders О В Photosensitization О Г Visual impairment О Д Allergic reactions В 0603 Fluoroquinolones can cause all of the listed side effects except: А Hearing loss and vestibular disorders О Б Dysbacteriosis О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Insomnia О Д Photosensitization О Е Allergic reactions В 0604 Furazolidone can cause all of the listed side effects except: А Photosensitization О Б Dyspeptic disorders О В Allergic reactions О Г О Д О Е Teturam-like effect when combined with ethyl alcohol Anorexia Hematological disorders (leukopenia and anemia) В 0605 Linezolid can cause all of the listed side effects except: А Kidney damage О Б Allergic reactions О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Dysbacteriosis О Д В 0606 Hematologic disorders (anemia and thromocytopenia) Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: А Nalidixic acid has a bacteriostatic effect О Б Furazolidone is effective for giardiasis О В Ciprofloxacin has a broad spectrum of action О Г Linezolid is a synthetic antibacterial agent В 0607 А О Б Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: Ofloxacin does not cross the blood-brain barrier Dioxidine has a broad spectrum of action The nature of the antibacterial action of О В furazolidone depends on the concentration of the drug О Г В 0608 А О Б О В О Г В 0609 А О Б О В Linezolid may cause hematologic abnormalities (anemia, thrombocytopenia) Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: Nitroxoline may cause vision impairment Fluoroquinolones interfere with DNA replication and RNA formation Nalidixic acid is used for urinary tract infections Furazolidone is used for intestinal infections Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: Nitroxoline is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract Linezolid has a bactericidal effect Nitrofurans interfere with DNA replication and RNA formation Moxifloxacin is effective for infections caused О Г by non-spore-forming (obligate) anaerobic bacteria В 0610 А Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: Furazolidone is poorly absorbed by their gastrointestinal tract Fluoroquinolones are effective for О Б О В Dioxidine has a bactericidal effect О Г Nalidixic acid disrupts RNA synthesis В 0611 А Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: Nalidixic acid is effective for infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa О Б Ciprofloxacin crosses the blood-brain barrier О В Nitroxalin is active against some fungi О Г В 0612 Moxifloxacin is more effective against grampositive bacteria than ciprofloxacin Correct statements regarding antimicrobial agents are all except: А Nitroxoline has a bactericidal effect О Б Furazolidone is effective for trichomoniasis О В О Г В Linezolid disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes Dioxidine is effective for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections 0613 The most effective anti-tuberculosis drug: А Isoniazid О Б Streptomycin О В Ethambutol О Г В 0614 Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium aminosalicylate) Medium-effective anti-tuberculosis drugs are all of the following except: А Rifampicin О Б Ethambutol О В Streptomycin О Г Ethionamide О Д Cycloserine О Е Amikacin В 0615 Antibiotics used as anti-tuberculosis drugs everything except: А Tetracycline О Б Kanamycin О В Amikacin О Г Streptomycin О Д Rifampicin О Е Cycloserine В 0616 RNA synthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis disrupts by: А Rifampicin О Б Isoniazid О В Cycloserine О Г В Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium aminosalicylate) 0617 Sensitive to isoniazid: А Mycobacterium tuberculosis О Б Gram-positive bacteria О В Spirochetes О Г Gram-negative bacteria О Д Chlamydia В 0618 The next infectious agents are sensitive to pyrazinamide: А Mycobacterium tuberculosis О Б Gram-negative bacteria О В Gram-positive bacteria О Г Chlamydia В 0619 Isoniazid is characterized by everything except: А Resilience develops slowly О Б Affects mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis О В О Г О Д О Е В Blocks the synthesis of mycolic acids in the cell wall of mycobacteria Resilience is evolving rapidly Refers to the most effective anti-tuberculosis drugs Active against intracellular mycobacteria 0620 Everything is typical for rifampicin, except for: А Affects mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis О Б Has a broad spectrum of action О В О Г Blocks DNA-dependent RNA polymerase О Д Resilience is evolving rapidly О Е Penetrates the blood-brain barrier В Refers to the most effective anti-tuberculosis drugs 0621 Rifampicin can cause all side effects except: А Disorders of the central nervous system О Б Allergic reactions О В Dyspeptic disorders О Г Liver damage О Д Dysbacteriosis В 0622 Streptomycin can cause all side effects except: А Liver damage О Б Hearing loss and vestibular disorders О В Kidney damage О Г Dysbacteriosis О Д Allergic reactions The effect of isoniazid on the central nervous В 0623 system is manifested by all of the above, except for: А Narcolepsy О Б Insomnia О В Psychomotor agitation О Г Convulsions В 0624 Vision impairment causes by: А Ethambutol О Б Isoniazid О В Streptomycin О Г Rifampicin В 0625 А О Б О В О Г В 0626 А О Б О В О Г В 0627 А О Б Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are everything except: Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium aminosalicylate) is administered intravenously Streptomycin disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes Isoniazid is one of the most effective antituberculosis drugs Rifampicin blocks DNA-dependent RNA polymerase Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are everything except: Ethambutol can cause dysbiosis Isoniazid disrupts the synthesis of mycolic acids in the cell wall Streptomycin may cause hearing loss and vestibular disorders Rifampicin is one of the most effective antituberculosis drugs Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: Ethambutol is one of the most effective antiTB drugs Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium О В aminosalicylate) may cause dyspeptic disorders О Г В 0628 А Isoniazid is a synthetic anti-tuberculosis drug. Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: Cycloserine is a synthetic anti-tuberculosis drug О Б Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic О В Isoniazid is neurotoxic О Г В 0629 А Ethambutol belongs to anti-tuberculosis drugs with average effectiveness Correct statements regarding antituberculosis drugs are all except: Cycloserine disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Б Strepomycin can cause dysbiosis О В Ethambutol may cause visual impairment О Г Rifampicin is hepatotoxic В 0630 Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium А aminosalicylate) disrupts protein synthesis on ribosomes Resistance of mycobacteria to ethionamide О Б О В Rifampicin May Cause Allergic Reactions О Г Cycloserine disrupts cell wall synthesis В 0631 А О Б О В О Г В 0632 develops slowly Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: Streptomycin has a bacteriostatic effect Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium aminosalicylate) may cause allergic reactions Isoniazid resistance of mycobacteria develops rapidly Cycloserine crosses the blood-brain barrier Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: А Rifampicin is nephrotoxic О Б Cycloserine may cause allergic reactions О В Isoniazid is used for all forms of tuberculosis О Г В 0633 А О Б Mycobacterial resistance to ethambutol develops slowly Correct statements regarding anti-TB drugs are all except: Rifampicin resistance of mycobacteria develops slowly Isoniazid is acetylated in the body Sodium paraaminosalicylate (sodium О В aminosalicylate) is a para-aminobenzoic acid antagonist О В Г Rifampicin is used for all forms of tuberculosis 0634 Antisyphilitic drugs are all except: А Aminoglycosides О Б Benzylpenicillin preparations О В Azithromycin О Г Bismuth preparations В 0635 The main antibiotics for syphilis are: А Benzylpenicillin preparations О Б Ceftriaxone О В Azithromycin О Г Tetracyclines О Д Erythromycin В 0636 Reserve antibiotics for syphilis treatment are all except: А Amikacin О Б Ceftriaxone О В Azithromycin О Г Erythromycin О Д Tetracyclines В 0637 Benzylpenicillin drugs disrupts: А Treponema cell wall synthesis О Б Protein synthesis on ribosomes О В Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О Г RNA synthesis В 0638 Ceftriaxone disrupts: А Treponema cell wall synthesis О Б Permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane О В Protein synthesis on ribosomes О Г RNA synthesis В 0639 The side effects of bismuth preparations are all except: А Hearing loss and vestibular disorders О Б Diarrhea О В О Г Liver damage О Д Kidney damage Lesions of the mucous membranes (gingivitis, stomatitis) Determine the drug: disrupts the synthesis of the cell wall of treponema; has treponemicidal action; is the main anti-syphilitic antibiotic; В 0640 effective at all stages of syphilis; prescribed parenterally 6-8 times a day; cause allergic reactions, "exacerbation" reaction, has an irritating effect: А Benzylpenicillin sodium salt (benzylpenicillin) О Б Ceftriaxone О В Erythromycin О Г Biyoquinol В 0641 Antiviral nucleoside analogs are all except: А Rimantadin О Б Acyclovir О В Zidovudine О Г Ganciclovir В 0642 For drugs that affect herpes viruses, everything is true, except: А Effective mainly against influenza viruses О Б Effective mainly against cytomegalovirus О В Effective mainly against Herpes zoster О Г В 0643 Effective mainly against the Herpes simplex virus Drugs effective for diseases caused by the Herpes simplex virus are all listed, except: А Ganciclovir О Б Acyclovir О В Valacyclovir О Г Penciclovir В 0644 A drug that has a predominant effect on cytomegalovirus: А Ganciclovir О Б Zidovudine О В Acyclovir О Г Amiksin В 0645 Drugs effective against influenza type A virus are all except: А Valacklovir О Б Rimantadin О В Umifenovir О Г Oseltamivir В 0646 The release of virions from the cell is inhibited by: А Oseltamivir О Б Acyclovir О В Abacavir О Г Rimantadin В 0647 А All of the following are characteristics of Acyclovir, except for: Does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier when used systemically The drug's metabolite, acyclovir triphosphate, О Б inhibits the DNA polymerase of the virus, which leads to inhibition of viral DNA replication. О В О Г О Д О Е В 0648 Penetrates through the hematoencephalic bao'er with systemic use. Purine nucleoside analog Effective mainly for infections caused by Herpes simplex and Herpes zoster Administered orally, intravenously, topically All of the following are characteristics of Ganciclovir, except for: А Ineffective against cytomegalovirus О Б Inhibits viral DNA polymerase О В Nucleoside structure О Г Ineffective against herpes simplex virus О Д Intravenous О Е В 0649 А Causes anxiety, abdominal pain, neutropenia, anemia All of the following are characteristics of rimantadine, except: Inhibits viral RNA synthesis Inhibits membrane protein M2 of influenza О Б О В Disrupts the release of the viral genome О Г Adamantane derivative О Д Effective against influenza type A virus О Е Assign inside В 0650 А type A virus For ribavirin, all of the following are characteristics, except: Ribavirin triphosphate disrupts the process of "assembly" of virions Monophosphate metabolite of the drug О Б disrupts the synthesis of guanosine nucleotides О В О Г О Д О Е В 0651 О Ribavirin triphosphate inhibits viral RNA polymerase and disrupts mRNA production Guanosine analog Effective against influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus Assign inside, inhalation, intravenous All of the following are true for saquinavir, except for: А Interferes with the formation of DNA and RNA Б HIV protease inhibitor Interferes with the reproduction of HIV by О В inhibiting the formation of structural proteins and enzymes О Г Derivative of peptides О Д Assign inside В 0652 А О Б О В All statements regarding antiviral agents are correct except: Ribavirin disrupts the process of "assembly" of virions Saquinavir - HIV protease inhibitor Acyclovir is effective for diseases caused by the Herpes simplex virus О Г В 0653 Rimantadine blocks influenza A virus M2 protein All statements regarding antiviral agents are correct except: А Zanamivir inhibits viral genome release О Б Zidovudine is used for HIV infection О В О Г В 0654 Saquinavir inhibits the synthesis of "late" viral proteins Amiksin has immunostimulating properties Drugs used for the prevention and treatment of malaria are all of the following except: А Furazolidone О Б Mefloquine О В Chloroquine О Г Hydroxychloroquine В 0655 Anti-amebic drugs are all of the following except: А Levamisole О Б Tetracyclines О В Metronidazole О Г Chloroquine В 0656 The drugs used for balantidiasis are all listed, except: А Furazolidone О Б Metronidazole О В Tetracyclines О Г Ornidazole В 0657 Antimalarial drugs with hematoschizotropic activity are all of the following, except: А Metronidazole О Б Chloroquine О В Quinine О Г Hydroxychloroquine В 0658 The mechanism of action of chloroquine is: А Inhibition of the enzyme that utilizes erythrocyte heme О Б Inhibition of Plasmodium Protein Synthesis О В Direct toxic effect on Plasmodium О Г В 0659 Destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane of the plasmodium Direct-acting anti-amebic drugs, are all of the following except: А Tetracyclines О Б Chloroquine О В Tinidazole О Г Metronidazole В 0660 An anti-amebic drug effective for any localization of amoebas: А Metronidazole О Б Chloroquine О В Mebendazole О Г Tetracycline В 0661 Metronidazole is used for all indications, except for: А Malaria О Б Trichomoniasis О В Giardiasis О Г Amoebiasis О Д В Infections caused by non-spore-forming (obligate) anaerobic bacteria 0662 Chloroquine can cause all side effects except: А Kidney damage О Б Liver damage О В Visual impairment О Г Dermatitis О Д О Е В 0663 Decreased resistance to bacterial and viral infections Hematological disorders (agranulocytosis, anemia) Metronidazole can cause all side effects except: А Visual impairment О Б Dyspeptic disorders О В Impaired coordination of movements, tremor О Г В Teturam-like effect when combined with ethyl alcohol 0664 Furazolidone can cause all side effects except: А Dysbacteriosis О Б Dyspeptic disorders О В О Г Hematological disorders (leukopenia, anemia) О Д Anorexia Teturam-like effect when combined with ethyl alcohol Determine the antiprotozoal drug: used to eliminate clinical manifestations and individual В 0665 chemoprophylaxis of malaria; the resistance of malarial plamodia develops slowly; effective for extraintestinal amebiasis; appoint orally and parenterally: А Chloroquine О Б Metronidazole О В Tetracycline Determine the antiprotozoal drug: used to В 0666 eliminate clinical manifestations and individual chemoprophylaxis of malaria; the duration of action is superior to quinine; appoint inside: А Mefloquine О Б Nimorazole О В Nifuratel В 0667 А О Б All statements regarding antiprotozoal drugs are correct, except: Metronidazole inhibits hematopoiesis Chloroquine acts on erythrocyte forms of plasmodia The effectiveness of tetracycline in amebiasis О В is associated with the ability to suppress the bacterial flora of the intestine О Г В 0668 Furazolidone is effective for giardiasis The drugs used for the treatment of candidiasis are all of the following, except for: А Terbinafine О Б Nystatin О В Clotrimazole О Г Natamycin В 0669 Polyene antifungal antibiotics are all of the following except: А Griseofulvin О Б Nystatin О В Amphotericin B О Г Natamycin В 0670 А All of the following is characteristic of nystatin, except: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract Violates the permeability of the cell membrane О Б О В Polyene antibiotic О Г Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract О Д Used for candidiasis О Е О Ж В 0671 А of fungi Mushroom resistance practically does not occur Assign inside, topically For fluconazole, all of the following is characteristic, except: Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract Violates the synthesis of ergosterol of the cell О Б О В Triazole derivative О Г Penetrates the blood-brain barrier О Д Used for systemic mycoses О Е Effective for nystatin-resistant candidiasis О Ж Assign inside, intravenously В 0672 А membrane of fungi All of the following is characteristic of terbinafine, except: Violates the permeability of the cell membrane of fungi О Б О В О Г О Д Assign inside О Е Prescribed locally В Synthetic antifungal agent Violates the synthesis of ergosterol of the cell membrane of fungi Accumulates in the skin, subcutaneous fatty tissue, nail plates 0673 Nystatin can cause: А Dyspeptic disorders О Б Liver damage О В Kidney damage О Г Dysbacteriosis В 0674 А With regard to antifungal agents, everything listed is true, except: Nystatin is neurotoxic Ketoconazole disrupts the synthesis of О Б О В Amphotericin B is used for systemic mycoses О Г Terbinafine is effective for dermatomycosis В 0675 А О Б О В О Г В 0676 А О Б О В О Г В 0677 ergosterol in cell membranes With regard to antifungal agents, everything listed is true, except: Caspofungin is administered orally Terbinafine disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol in cell membranes Griseofulvin is used for dermatomycosis Nystatin disrupts the permeability of cell membranes With regard to antifungal agents, everything listed is true, except: Griseofulvin is effective for systemic mycoses Amphotericin A accumulates with repeated administration Amorolfine comes in the form of nail polish Nystatin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. For intestinal cestodosis, the next drug is used: А Praziquantel О Б Mebendazole О В Levamisole О Г Piperazine О Д Albendazole В 0678 With intestinal trematodosis (metagonimosis) the next drug is used: А Praziquantel О Б Levamisole О В Pirantel О Г Mebendazole В 0679 With extraintestinal trematodes, the next drug is used: А Praziquantel О Б Levamisole О В Pirantel О Г Mebendazole В 0680 А О Б О В О Г О Д О Е В All of the following is typical for Praziquantel, except: Causes paralysis in helminths by enhancing the effect of GABA Disrupts calcium metabolism in helminths It is used in the treatment of intestinal strongyloidosis It is used in the treatment of intestinal cestodoses and trematoses It is used for the treatment of extraintestinal trematodes It is used to treat extraintestinal cysticercosis 0690 The next drug is used in trichinosis: А Mebendazole О Б Praziquantel О В Levamisole О Г Pirantel Determine the drug: disrupts the synthesis of В 0691 cellular β-tubulin and the synthesis of ATP, causing paralysis of the helminth's body: А Mebendazole О Б Praziquantel О В Pirantel О Г Piperazine adipate В 0692 А All statements regarding antihelmintics are correct, except: Albendazole is effective for intestinal cestodosis Piperazine paralyzes nematodes, which О Б promotes their excretion from the intestine in a living state О В Praziquantel is used for trematodes Mebendazole is used both for the treatment of О Г intestinal nematodes, and for extraintestinal trichinosis and echinococcosis В 0693 Alkylating agents are all listed, except: А Dactinomycin О Б Sarcolysin О В Cyclophosphamide О Г Mielosan В 0694 Cyclophosphamide is an antineoplastic drug from the group: А Alkylating agent О Б Antimetabolite О В Antibiotic О Г Enzyme preparation О Д Hormonal agent О Е Herbal antineoplastic agent О Ж Cytokine В 0695 Sarcolysin is an antineoplastic drug from the group: А Alkylating agent О Б Antibiotic О В Hormonal drug О Г Radioactive isotope О Д Enzyme preparation В 0696 Fluorouracil: А Antimetabolite О Б Antibiotic О В Enzyme preparation О Г Platinum drug В 0697 Mercaptopurine: А Antimetabolite О Б Platinum drug О В Cytokine О Г Vegetable matter В 0698 Methotrexate: А Antimetabolite О Б Vegetable matter О В Alkylating agent О Г Platinum preparation В 0699 Tamoxifen: А Androgen antagonist О Б Cytokine О В Monoclonal antibody preparation О Г Estrogen antagonist В 0700 Vincristine: А Herbal preparation О Б Alkylating compound О В Antimetabolite О Г Cytokine Эта леĸция ещё не готова ĸ просмотру. × ◀︎ 3 ĸурс Лечебное дело "Фармаĸология" на руссĸом Перейти на... 3 ĸурс Лечебное дело "Фармаĸология" на французсĸом ▶︎ Вы зашли под именем Баюми Мохамед Абделфатах Баюми Мохамед (Выход) Летняя_сессия Руссĸий (ru) Руссĸий (ru) English (en) Français (fr) Сводĸа хранения данных Переĸлючить на тему, реĸомендованную для Вашего устройства Служба техничесĸой поддержĸи пользователей (technical support service for users) mail: agmuhelp@yandex.ru