Review worksheet for Skeletal muscles
1. The primary purpose of the epiphyseal plate is to:
a. mend fractures.
b. enlarge the epiphysis.
c. provide bone strength.
d. lengthen long bones.
2. The cells that produce the organic matrix in bone are:
a. chondrocytes.
b. osteoblasts.
c. osteocytes.
d. osteoclasts.
3. Spongy bone is characterized by
a. open space partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures.
b. a dense and solid appearance.
c. a soft and flexible gel-like appearance.
d. a dense and compact substance.
4. Which of the following is not a type of bone?
a. flat
b. irregular
c. short
d. long
e. regular
5. The main shaft-like portion of a long bone is the
a. epiphysis.
b. articular cartilage.
c. periosteum
d. diaphysis.
6. The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the
a. epiphysis.
b. articular cartilage.
c. periosteum.
d. diaphysis.
7. The extracellular components of bone matrix are
a. soft and calcified.
b. soft and decalcified.
c. hard and calcified.
d. hard and decalcified.
8. Compact bone contains many cylinder-shaped structural units called
a. lamellae.
b. lacunae.
c. canaliculi.
d. osteons.
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Review worksheet for Skeletal muscles
9. Blood calcium levels involve secretion of which two hormones?
a. parathyroid and adrenaline
b. parathyroid and calcitonin
c. calcitonin and adrenaline
d. calcitonin and aldosterone
10. Most bones of the body are formed from cartilage models in a process called
a. intramembranous ossification.
b. osteogenesis.
c. histogenesis.
d. endochondral ossification.
11. Explain the functions of the periosteum.
12. Identify the four types of bones in the body. Give examples of each.
13. Compare and contrast the three major types of cells found in bone.
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Review worksheet for Skeletal muscles
14. Label the diagram
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Review worksheet for Skeletal muscles
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Answer key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
D
B
A
E
D
C
C
D
B
D
to cover the bone and provide an attachment point for muscle tendon fibers. It contains boneforming and bone-destroying cells and contains the blood vessels that supply the bone
12. The four types of bones are long bones (humerus, femur), short bones (carpals, tarsals), flat bones
(cranial), and irregular bones (vertebrae).
13. Osteoblasts are small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix called osteoid,
which is the important part of the bone matrix. Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells
responsible for the active erosion of bone minerals. They allow bone to undergo continuous change
and remodeling. Osteocytes are mature, nondividing osteoblasts that have become surrounded by
matrix and now lie in the lacunae.
14.
D= articular cartilage
H= compact bone
B= diaphysis
J= endosteum
F= epiphyseal line
A,C= Epiphyses
I= medullary cavity
L=periosteum
E= red marrow cavities
G=spongy bone
K= yellow marrow