Menjadi Seorang Jurutera Profesional
PENGENALAN “OUTCOME-BASED PAE”
&
PERKONGSIAN PANEL PENEMUDUGA
Penceramah:
Dato’ Prof. Ir. Dr. Hassan bin Basri
Tarikh: 28 Februari 2022
Tempat: Online
Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
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Kandungan
Introduction
Impact of the REA Amendments (2015) on the PE
Benchmarked against the World’s Best
How to Become a PE in Malaysia
The New Outcome-Based PAE
Final Remarks
Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
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Becoming a PE
in Malaysia:
Important,
because engineers are
pre-requisite for
National Development
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
3
Engineering for
National Development
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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Backdrop
The increasing demand
for engineers in developing countries
Case of
Malaysia
- typical
32m
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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Why are Engineers Important?
Engineers and GDP
40000
GDP US$ per capita (2004)
USA
35000
Malaysia
Professional
Engineers
30000
Australia
Japan
25000
Europe
20000
Asia
(ex Japan &
S. Korea)
15000
10000
S. Korea
Arab
states
5000
Fit: R = 0.92
India
Africa
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Dato' Profper
Ir Dr million
Hassan Basripopulation
Engineers
3500
4000
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Malaysia needs
more engineering professionals
for national development
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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Engineer-Population ratios
Data includes both engineers & engineering technologists
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
Impact of the
2015 Amendments
of the REA
on the PE
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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The 2015 amendments to the REA is:
Primarily Driven by the Government’s
Commitments in International Trade….
2015 AMENDMENTS TO REA 1967
The Engineering Team
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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REA (1967) & its Regulations
- AMENDMENTS 2015
Registers 5 Categories of Registered Persons : (new in red)
1. Accredited Checker
2. Professional Engineer with Practising Certificate
3. Professional Engineer
4. Graduate Engineer
5. Engineering Technologist
6. Inspector of Works
BEM now regulates:
THE ENGINEERING TEAM
Accredited Checker
Professional Engineer with Practising Certificate
Professional Engineer
Graduate Engineer
Engineering Technologist
Inspector of Works
Board of Engineers Malaysia
STATISTICS as at 23.11.2021
Registered Persons (Total: 198,026)
157,332
Graduate Engineers
10,973
Professional Engineers (PE)
10,643
PEs with Practising Certificate
11,187
Engineering Technologists
7,538
353
Inspectors of Works (IOWs)
IOWs (intern)
The mission of BEM & the nation is to increase the 14
number of engineering professionals to reach 320k
Pathways to
PE & PEPC
in Malaysia:
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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PROFESSIONAL PATHWAY
Graduate
Engineer
Engineering
Technologist
Masters by coursework
Professional
Engineer
PCE
Professional
Engineer with Licence
Practicing
Certificate
Legal Implication:
Registration of Engineers Act - 2015 Amendments
Need to harmonise with Revised Role of the PE:
BEM now Registers 5 Categories of Registered Persons : (new in red)
1. Accredited Checker
“Two-tier registration” system
2. Professional Engineer with Practising Certificate
3. Professional Engineer
4. Graduate Engineer
5. Engineering Technologist
6. Inspector of Works
REASONS FOR
INTRODUCTION OF THE PEPC
• The big majority of engineers, including Professional Engineers, are
employed in Contracting, Maintenance, Employees of Consultants,
Government, Academia, Sales, etc.
• Only a small fraction wish to be a ‘Submitting Person’ in engineering
consultancy, a PEPC, legally being responsible for the plans and documents
submitted to authorities.
• The activities of PEPC acting as ‘Submitting Person’  has a direct and
critical impact on public safety and interest. They would need to be
examined on their competency.
• The PEPC category has to sit for a PCE – Professional Competency
Examination – to secure the submitting license called a Practicing
Certificate.
PE & PEPC : “Two-tier registration” system
• Previously (prior to 2015 Amendments), a PE is entitled
to submit plans & documents
oThe PAE was designed for this role.
• A PE is now not involved as ‘submitting person’
& need not sit for this Professional Competency Exam.
o hence the assessment criteria for PAE
needs to change to allow for this change in role.
obut can still retain their professional status
and the title of “Ir.” .
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ASSESSMENTS FOR
P.E. & P.E.P.C.
PE
THE PROFESSIONAL ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION (PAE)
The PAE in a nutshell;
“This examination tests a candidate
on what he knows, and NOT what he does not know”.
PEPC
THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY EXAMINATION (PCE)
The PCE tests the competency of professional engineers. In a nutshell…
“This examination tests a candidate
on what he ought to know”.
(IEA)
Becoming a PE
in Malaysia: Benchmarked
Against the
World’s Best
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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THE ENGINEERING TEAM
- Entry level qualifications
WASHINGTON
ACCORD
(2009)
1. Engineers
2. Engineering
Technologists
SYDNEY ACCORD
(2018)
Engineering TVET
3. Inspectors of Works
(technicians)
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
DUBLIN ACCORD
(2018)
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Seven
constituent
agreements
Agreement for International Engineering Technicians
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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WASHINGTON ACCORD
(2009)
SYDNEY ACCORD
(2018)
DUBLIN ACCORD
(2018)
MULTINATIONAL AGREEMENTS FOR
THE MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF ENGINEERING,
ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
TECHNICIAN EDUCATION PROGRAMMES
Among signatory countries:
 substantial equivalency of accreditation systems
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Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
Washington Accord – Signatory since 2019
Sydney & Dublin Accords – Signatories since 2018
Accepted as a Full Signatory after rigorous peer review by other
signatories (by USA, Australia, Hong Kong and Ireland ).
Implication:
Mutual recognition of academic programmes that underpin the
educational base for Engineering, Engineering Technologists and
Engineering Technicians.
The qualifications accredited by signatories are recognised by
each other as being substantially equivalent for practice of
engineering at the appropriate level within the engineering team.
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
SIGNIFICANCE OF
ACCORD MEMBERSHIP
• an endorsement that the engineering education
system has demonstrated a
strong, long-term commitment
to quality assurance
in producing engineers, engineering technologists &
engineering technicians
ready for industry practice in the international scene.
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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Reasons
to Become a
Professional Engineer
There are really many reasons
but most will fall in four categories .
1.
2.
3.
4.
A legal necessity.
Improved employment security.
Better opportunities for advancement.
Personal satisfaction.
The Professional Engineer
1. A Professional Engineer is a person registered under Section 10(2) of the Registration
of Engineers Act 1967 (Revised 2015).
2. A Professional Engineer who is registered with the Board may:
3. take up employment which requires him to carry out or perform professional
engineering services;
4. be entitled to describe himself or hold himself out under any name, style or title –
• bearing the words "Professional Engineer" or the equivalent thereto in any other
language;
• bearing any other word whatsoever in any language which may reasonably be
construed to imply that he is a Professional Engineer; or
• using the abbreviation “Ir.” before his name or the abbreviation “P.Eng.” after his
name or in any way in association with his name;
5. use or display any sign, board, card or other device representing or implying that he is
a Professional Engineer;
6. use the stamp as may be determined by the Board.
Professional Engineer
Section 8A. - New section
Subject to this Act, any person who is a
Professional Engineer shall be entitled to submit
plans or drawings where such plans or drawings
are in connection with
equipment, plant or specialised product
invented or sold by him or his employer.
For the purpose of this section the expression
“employer” shall not include a client.
BECOMING A
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER
(How to Become a PE)
Three Routes
to become a Professional Engineer
Clause 10 of REA 2015 Amendments
Three Routes
to become a Professional Engineer
A
B
C
BEM Route
International
Route
IEM Route
Professional
Assessment
Examination
(PAE)
Via IEM or
MySET
International
Professional
Qualification
equivalent to
PAE
- plus Code of
Conduct Exam
IEM
Professional
Interview
(PI)
“Enhanced
process since
2014”
For All 3 Routes
Training specified in Regulation 22(1)
Minimum 3 years practical experience which shall include the following:
a.at least two years of general training that will provide a sound basis
for professional development; and
b.at least one year of professional career development and training
providing wide exposure to the various managerial and technical
expertise in engineering practice ;
At least one year of the above training must be obtained in Malaysia
under the supervision of a Professional Engineer in the same branch
of engineering as that practised by the Graduate Engineer.
Professional Engineers in other related branches of engineering
may be accepted with the prior approval of the Board
Exemptions may be considered, provided a PE with personal
knowledge of the experience endorses.


Route A – BEM PAE
1. Preparation of documents for submission :
a) Career History (Experience) Report
b) Project/Design Report
c) Relevant forms
2. Examination by two examiners
a) Interview (30 minutes – 1 hour)
i.
ii.
Questions relating to the two submitted reports
What, why, engineering concepts, decisions made, etc.
b) Essay writing (2 questions, 1.5 hrs each)
i.
ii.
On candidate’s training & experience, 2 questions to be given by
interviewer after interview, candidate to select one of the 2.
On Code of ethics, 8 questions available on website, interviewer will
select 2 of the 8 for candidate to choose one.
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Route B (International)
Professional Engineer from
an approved overseas Professional Body
i. The applicant needs to sit and pass the Code of Conduct
Examination.
ii. Applicant shall submit to BEM a certified latest qualification
certificate issued by the overseas Regulatory/Professional Body.
iii.The professional engineers status shall be checked that it is
equivalent to BEM’s professional assessment examination (PAE).
iv. Meets the minimum 3 years practical experience
as per Regulation 22(1)
Route C
(IEM)
i. The IEM Professional
Interview (PI) is
equivalent to BEMPAE.
ii. Still needs one year
industry experience
https://www.myiem.org.my/content/profession
al_interview-801.aspx
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Which Route?
A, B or C?
BEM-PAE
vs
International (C.Eng., etc)
vs
IEM-PI
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Route A – BEM PAE
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PART 3: Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)
ORAL INTERVIEW – Principle
Interviewer set the date, time
and venue
PAE
WRITE 2 ESSAYS –
After the Oral Interview
(answer 1 out of 2 questions) 1 ½
hours for each written paper
SECTION A –
•Professionalism of candidate
•Experience in application of engineering
(not limited to design & site work)
•Management
•Managing Projects
SECTION B –
•Understanding of professional code
of ethics and conduct
•Role of engineers in the society vis-àvis his professional code of ethics
•Write and present in a clear and
concise manner
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PART 3: Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)
ORAL INTERVIEW (45 - 60 MINUTES) BY 2 SENIOR P.Eng
• Adequacy of training and experience
• Application of engineering - not limited to actual design & site work.
Includes:
• Management & review of others’ design
• Management, review or monitoring of site works
• Management & review of others’ pre-design works
(feasibility study, TIA, RSA, technology review, etc)
• Adequacy of technical competency – understanding and application of
engineering fundamentals.
• Skills related to design, site, planning, management, communication,
project, contract, risk, etc
• Sustainability, Health and Safety issues
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PART 3: Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)
• Demonstrate maturity of thought
• Development of professionalism, ability to focus on material issues
rather than personal and petty matters
• Professional Responsibility – i.e. Capability to accept professional
responsibility and accountability, not passing the buck and blame
others
• Ethical judgment in the conduct of works with integrity,
good governance and adherence to code of conduct
• Awareness of engineering sustainability, health and safety issues
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PART 3: Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)
ESSAY WRITING
• Understand the question clearly and answer with suitable
contents and relevant examples.
• Present the answer with good structure, heading and paragraphing
as well as conciseness, coherence and cohesion.
• Write the answer legibly with good grammar, vocabulary,
spelling, and punctuation.
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PART 3: Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)
WHAT INTERVIEWERS
NORMALLY ASK !!
• What has the candidate personally done
• Why and how has he/she done it
• Does he/she fully understand what he/she has
done
• What engineering decisions has he/she made
• Does he/she understand the implications
• What investigations and/or considerations are
taken to reach the decision / conclusion
IMPORTANT NOTES
• Always clarify your actual participation in a
team effort - which part represents your
personal contribution.
• Do not misrepresent your work by :
• Taking someone else’s work, deliverables,
and achievement as yours.
• Presenting group work by a team as that of
your own work as a team member.
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
PAE – 8 Questions on Ethics
Choose one of two questions selected by examiners:
1.The engineer has a duty of care to the public under common law. Discuss, giving examples, the obligations that his duty imposes on himself as a
Professional Engineer.
2.If you were a consulting engineer and were submitting Turnkey tender on behalf on a Turnkey Contractor, would you consider a conflict of interest between
the role of a consulting engineer and contractor? Enlarge on the ethics of this subject.
3.Identify the areas in which conflict between the Resident Engineer’s staff and contractor’s staff can develop and give your views as to whether good
relationship can be achieved without infringing on the code of ethics. Illustrate your answer from your own experience.
4.It is clear to you that an Engineer engaged in a particular project (implement at the taxpayer’s account) is not maintaining professional standards, i.e.
professional competence and integrity are lacking.
What would be your reaction?. Will you report the above incident to the Board of Engineers, Malaysia or bring this to the attention of the client, or will you
maintain silence and watch substandard work being completed?
5.Every Engineer shall at all times so order his conduct as to uphold the dignity and reputation of his profession, and to safeguard the public interest in
matters of safety and herein and others. He shall exercise his professional skill and the judgement to the best of his abilities in discharging his professional
responsibilities. He shall also act with firmness and integrity towards all person with whom his work is connected. Discuss your responsibilities and
obligations in the event that, due to building operations under charge, adjacent building have been damaged beyond repair.
6.“Professional Engineer should be allowed to practice as consultants and as contractor at the same time”. Do you agree with this statement?
If so, give your reason objectively for supporting it; if not also give reasons for appeasing it.
7.Under normal circumstances, a consulting engineer should not supplant the work of another consulting engineer after knowing that the 1st consulting
engineer has already been entrusted with the work. If he has been asked by the same client to take over the work of that 1st consulting engineer, what do
you think should be the proper procedure in effecting this charge of consultants? How should the matter be dealt with if the 1st engineer refuses to agree to
this change because he has not been paid his fees by the client?
8.A consulting Engineer has submitted structural design plans to the local authority for a certain building. The client terminates his services after the plans
are approved by the local authority. You are then engaged to take over this work and complete the project including supervision of construction. What are
your professional responsibilities and those of the previous engineer who has submitted the plans? If you have to make changes to the structural drawings,
what do you think should be the proper procedure in dealing with this matter and also how you assign professional liability?
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Some Tips
a) Get as much info about latest procedures &
guidelines.
b) Remember, PAE-BEM and PI-IEM (Route C) are two
different routes,
and there is Route B (international qualification).
c) Set your goals and plans
to achieve the practical experience.
d) Spend about two weeks to prepare
reports and documents
IMPORTANT
UPDATES
ON THE
ROUTES TO BECOMING A
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER
ROUTE A : BEM-PAE
Important updates
in the preparation of :
1. Training & Experience Report
2. Technical Report
Following the introduction of the
2-tier PE-PEPC in 2015.
4 different types of Technical Report
1) Design of an engineering work
– calculations & drawings.
2) A project report:
Feasibility study report, system design report, or
comprehensive report of a major engineering project.
3) A technical report for an engineering plant/system/works:
Installation report, operation report, or maintenance report.
4) An engineering research report (excluding Masters/PhD thesis)
For Technical Report type 1:
Design of an engineering work
DESIGN & DRAWINGS
• Many candidates submit design &
drawings produced by the firm with
minimal input by the candidate.
• The design & drawings should
reflect the candidate’s own work.
• The design & drawings should
be of sufficient level to justify and
underpin the granting of professional
status.
CALCULATIONS
• Candidate can submit computeraided calculations, analysis and design
outputs
• BUT these must be accompanied by
manual or hand calculations showing
assumptions, considerations required
in the design and why these were
selected. This forms part of the
verification.
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
The following minimum requirements for design and site experience
are no longer required
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For Academicians:
• Minimum of 12 months (cumulative) of
industry experience
• Also accepted:
Industry related research,
carried out together with industry
• The remaining two years
may be in academia –
 teaching engineering,
(includes diploma, all years)
and/or
 research in engineering
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BEM-PAE (Route A):
• Big changes in the
documentations
coming months
st
(1 May2022)
• Outcome-based
approach
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The New
OUTCOME-BASED
PAE
International Benchmarking
PAE underwent a review in line with the
global move in the international engineering
community towards an outcome-based
competence assessment for international
recognition and cross-border mobility.
With this assessment method,
the Outcome-based PAE
would be on par with
international best practices.
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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
55
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN
CURRENT PAE
AND
OUTCOME-BASED PAE
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BEM OUTCOME-BASED PAE
1. Preparation of documents for submission :
a)
b)
c)
Application Form (includes career history/experience write-up)
Project/Design Report
Training & Experience Report
Relevant forms (Self Assessment of Competence)
2. Examination by two examiners 15 minute powerpoint presentation
a) Interview (30 minutes – 1 hour) of selected technical work/project
i.
ii.
Questions relating to the two submitted docs ..& the presentation
What, why, engineering concepts, decisions made, etc.
b) Essay writing (2 questions, 1.5 hrs each)
i.
ii.
On candidate’s training & experience, 2 questions to be given by
interviewer after interview, candidate to select one of the 2.
On Code of ethics, 8 questions available on website, interviewer will
select 2 of the 8 for candidate to choose one.
• Written exam on Technical Competency if “border-line” failed Interview
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2. Training & Experience Report
Self-assessment of competence
Four competence areas will be self-reported:
A.
B.
C.
D.
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF ENGINEERING
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING
MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
COMMUNICATION AND INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
The four areas above will be assessed during the oral interview
A fifth competence area:
E. ETHICAL & PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT
will be assessed by a sit-in written examination
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
CURRENT AND OUTCOME-BASED PAE
Current PAE
Out-of-date in that it was developed more
than twenty years back mainly from the
perspective of consulting engineers.
Outcome-Based PAE
Bench-marked to current international best
practices for professional engineering
assessment.
Practicing engineers not in consulting line
find it difficult to meet the requirements for
D1 (Design) and D2 (Site) experiences.
Open-up to all engineering professions with
the open definition of design and
development of solution to engineering
problems as in Competence Elements B1,
B2 and B3.
It emphasizes length of time such as in D1, It emphasizes competence covering five (5)
D2, D3 (Management), D4 (Other works)
Competence Areas A, B, C, D, E –
and D5 (teaching/ postgraduate studies).
i.e. it is competence-based.
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
CURRENT AND OUTCOME-BASED PAE
Current PAE
Outcome-Based PAE
It does not prescribe the need for
evidence on competence; hence the
necessity and difficulty for Examiners to
search through the application form and
reports to get or guess needed but
hidden information.
It asks the applicants to provide evidence on
required competence to be used as a basis
for assessment – i.e. it is evidence-based.
The evidence is in the form of narratives of
the work experiences which demonstrate
attainment of competence.
It requires the Examiners to judge
subjectively by questioning whether the
working experience is satisfactory based
on whatever information that could be
elicited from the application form and
reports – more judgmental and
subjective.
It has assessment rubrics and
threshold statement guides
to help Examiners to match the evidence
provided by Applicants to the most
appropriate competence level -- more
objective and less judgmental.
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Selamat Berusaha
SEMOGA BERJAYA
MENJADI
JURUTERA PROFESIONAL!
Dato' Prof Ir Dr Hassan Basri
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Terima
kasih
THANK YOU
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