GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2
CHEM-2122 Grade 12
AMA30K
How many grams of AgNO3 (MM=169.87) are needed to prepare 0.125M solution in 250mL of water?
Answer: 5.3g
How many mL of 10.8M HCl are required to make 100.0mL of 3.00M acid?
Answer: 27.8mL
True or False? The higher the concentration of a solution the less solutes it has in it.
Answer: False
How many moles of NaCl are present in a solution with a molarity of 8.59M and a volume of 125mL?
Answer: 1.07mol
What volume of 1.50 M KBr can be made from 15.6mL of concentrated KBr with a molarity of 9.65M?
Answer: 100mL
Calculate the molarity of the following solution: 1.0 mole of KCl in 750.0mL of solution.
Answer: 1.3M
Which of the following has the most NaCl (MM=58.44)?
Answer: 1mole
Find the molarity of 186.55 g of sucrose, C12H22011 (MM=342) in 250mL of water.
Answer: 2.18M
How many moles are needed to make 2.5L of a 3.8M solution?
Answer: 9.5mol
What is the molarity of 4 g of NaCl (MM=58.45) in 3,800mL of solution?
Answer: 0.018 M
How many liters would you need to make 1M solution if you have 6mol of sodium hydroxide?
Answer: 6
How many grams of solute are dissolved in 125.0mL of 5.00M NaCl (MM=58.45)?
Answer: 36.5g NaCl
What is the molarity of a solution made by diluting 26.5 mL of 6.00M HNO3 to a volume of 250 mL?
Answer: 0.636M
Which sweet tea would you expect to taste the sweetest?
Answer: 3.1M
What is the molarity of a solution made by adding 1.565 moles of PbNO3 to 500 mL?
Answer: 3.13M
Which of these molecules could have dipole-dipole attraction?
Answer: PCl3
London forces are stronger in heavier atoms or molecules, and weaker in lighter atoms or molecules.
Which of these has the strongest London forces?
Answer: I2
Van der Waals forces include
Answer: Both London and dipole-dipole attractions
Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: No
Does HF have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: Yes
Which is the second strongest intermolecular force, after hydrogen bonding?
Answer: Dipole-dipole attraction
Which kind of intermolecular force is strongest?
Answer: Hydrogen bonding
Does CH4 have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: No
Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is bonded to N, O , or F. Which of the following has hydrogen
bonding?
Answer: NH3
Does HCl have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: No
Which is stronger?
Answer: Intermolecular forces
Dipole-dipole attraction occurs when molecules are polar. Which of these molecules contains a polar
bond
Answer: HCl
All molecules have London forces between them, but dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding are so much
stronger that when they are present we can ignore London forces. Which of these has ONLY London
forces?
Answer: I2
Which of the following is NOT a kind of intermolecular force?
Answer: Covalent bond
Does NO2 have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: No
Does H2S have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: No
A substance capable of hydrogen bonding has a ____________ boiling point than a similar substance
that doesn’t hydrogen bond.
Answer: Higher
Does H2O have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: Yes
Which kinds of substances are held together by intermolecular forces?
Answer: Molecules (covalent) in solid and liquid phases
Which of these molecules could have dipole-dipole attractions?
Answer: HCl (electronegativity difference = 1.1)
What is the measuring unit for mass?
Answer: Grams
Fluids with very low viscosity very __________.
Answer: Fast
A block has a mass of 54g and a volume of 20cm3. What is the density of the block?
Answer: 2.7g/cm3
Which unit of measurement is used for volume?
Answer: Milliliter
Which lab tool might you use to measure the volume of a liquid?
Answer: Graduated cylinder
What units are used to measure Density?
Answer: g/cm3
What is viscosity?
Answer: A liquid’s resistance to flow
Why do some substances float on water?
Answer: They are less dense than water
A brick sinks in water while a wooden block of the same size floats. This is because the brick has a
___________.
Answer: Higher density than the wooden block
Which box has a higher density?
Answer: Box A
A piece of copper has a mass of 89g and a volume of 10cm3. What would be the density of the copper?
Answer: 8.9g/cm3
The following liquids are poured in a beaker: alcohol (density=0.79), corn syrup (density=1.38), water
(density=1.0), and cooking oil (density= 0.93). which of theses liquids will sink to the bottom of the
beaker?
Answer: Corn syrup
What is the mass if the volume of the object is 75 cm3 and the density is 1.56g/cm3?
Answer: 117 grams
Put the liquids in order from most dense to least dense?
Answer: 4,3,2,1
Which property of matter is determined by dividing its mass by its volume?
Answer: Density
The piece of copper has a mass of 89g and a volume of 10cm3. What would be the density of the
copper?
Answer: 8.9g/cm3
Define the term “mass”
Answer: The amount of matter in an object
Fluids with very high viscosity flow very ___________.
Answer: Slow
As temperature increases viscosity __________.
Answer: Decreases
It is an indication of the escape of molecules from the surface of the liquid.
Answer: Evaporation
Surface tension is the property of water in which
Answer: Water molecules at the surface tend to stick together
Surface tension of water can be reduced by
Answer: Heating
Because of surface tension, you can put things into a full of water and
Answer: The water will never spill
Water beads up on the surface of a penny because of this property
Answer: High surface tension
Force of attraction between similar molecules is called
Answer: Cohesive Force
What is adhesion?
Answer: Water’s ability to stick to other substances
Water’s ability to stick to glass is
Answer: Adhesion
Rain drops are spherical in shape because of
Answer: Surface tension
Describe COHESION
Answer: Water molecules attracted to other water molecules
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
Answer: Adhesion
Refer to the picture of water sticking to a leaf, this is occurring because of
Answer: Adhesion
Tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick to one another
Answer: Cohesion
Water droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of
Answer: Cohesion
Which characteristic of water will allow a paperclip to remain floating on water when the paperclip is
gently placed on top of the water?
Answer: Solvent properties
Water droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of
Answer: Cohesion
What is the basis of a metallic bond?
Answer: The attraction between positive metal ions and free-floating electrons.
Which substance would have the weakest intermolecular forces of attraction?
Answer: CH4
The model used to describe and explain the bonding and arrangement of atoms in a solid metal is the
Answer: Electron sea model
Intermolecular forces for: CO2
Answer: Dispersion Force
Determine the type of intermolecular force present in SiO2.
Answer: Covalent network
This picture most likely depicts the arrangement of atoms in a __________.
Answer: Metal
Intermolecular force present HCl?
Answer: Dipole dipole
Does HCl have hydrogen bonding? (LQ#1)
Answer: Yes
Intermolecular forces for NH3
Answer: Hydrogen bonding
________________________________ have the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction.
Answer: Hydrogen bonds
Does CH4 have hudrogen bonding?
Answer: No
Ionic Bonding involves…
Answer: The transfer of electrons
Which is the strongest intermolecular force below?
Answer: Ionic
What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water.
Answer: Strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Which of the following solutions has the highest boiling point? Assume that all solutes in solution are
nonvolatile.
Answer: 1m magnesium chloride
Colligative properties are dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and not their identity.
(select all that apply)
Answer: Lowering of vapor pressure, Depression of freezing point, Elevation of boiling point, Osmotic
pressure
Molality, also called molal concentration, is a measure of the concentration of a solute, in a solution in
terms of amount of substance in a specified amount of mass of the solvent.
Answer: True
Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the
inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane
Answer: True
If 4.27 g sucrose (C12H22O11) are dissolved in 15.2 g water, what is the boiling point of the resulting
solution? Kb for water= 0.51℃/m. ΔTb= I x Kb x m.
Answer: 10.42℃
Which of the following colligative properties is associated with a semipermeable membrane?
Answer: Osmotic pressure
The change in the vapor pressure that occurs when a solute is added to a solvent is therefore a
colligative property.
Answer: True
The basic law governing the colligative properties of solutions is Raoult’s law. Raoult’s law explains the
relationship between the vapor pressure of the solution, mole fraction, and vapour pressure of the
solvent. This can be given as:
Answer: P1= x1p1°
What is the name for a substance that dissolves in water but does not form ions or conduct an electric
current?
Answer: Nonelectrolyte
Colligative properties are dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and not their identity.
Answer: True
What is the boiling point of a solution created when four moles of glucose are dissolved in two kg of
water? Assume that glucose isa nonvolatile solute. Kb water= 0.515℃.kg/mol
Answer: 101.03℃
Examples of colligative properties include vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, osmotic
pressure, molarity, molality and boiling point elevation.
Answer: False
What is the osmotic pressure (atm) of a 0.30 M solution of glucose in water that is used for intravenous
infusion at body temperature, 37℃? R=0.082 L.atm/mol.k
Answer: 0.76 atm
Colligative properties are not dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and their identity.
Answer: False
Antifreeze works because the freezing and boiling points of liquids are “colligative” properties. This
means they depend on the concentrations of “solutes”, or dissolved substances, in the solution.
Answer: True
Is the combustion of gasoline endothermic or exothermic?
Answer: Exothermic
As someone is running on the track they begin to perspire. If the runner is our system, are they
endothermic or exothermic?
Answer: Exothermic process
A reaction is performed in a beaker with a temperature probe recording the temperature changes of the
reaction. If the temperature began at 15.0 degrees Celsius and ended at 27.5 degrees Celsius. If the
reaction is our system, is the system endothermic or exothermic?
Answer: Endothermic
Refer the following question: 2n2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 +46 kJ. How much energy would be produced if only 1
mol of nitrogen was reacted?
Answer: 23kJ
How much energy must be used to produce 4.75 mol of gaseous water?: H20 (l) + 44.0 kJ - → H2O (g)
Answer: 207kJ
What mass of P4 must be reacted to produce 5905 kJ of energy?: P4 + 6Cl2 - → 4PCl3 + 2439 kJ
Answer: 300.0g
Do reactants in an endothermic reaction have a higher or lower energy than the products?
Answer: Lower
Do the reactants in an exothermic reaction have a higher or lower energy than the products?
Answer: Higher
In an exothermic process the surrounding loses heat
Answer: False
In an endothermic reaction the system is releasing energy.
Answer: False
How does a catalyst work in speeding up a reaction?
Answer: By lowering the activation energy or reaction
Why does a higher concentration increase the rate of reaction?
Answer: It increases the frequency of particle collisions
Why does a higher temperature increase the rate of a reaction?
Answer: It only increases the frequency of particle collisions
What factors can affect the value of the activation energy of a reaction?
Answer: The presence of a catalyst
Catalysts are thought to increase the rate of a chemical reaction by
Answer: Providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy
Increasing the temperature of a chemical reaction
Answer: Increases the energy of the reactant and product particles
What is the rate of reaction?
Answer: How fast a reaction is
Grinding a effervescent tablet into powder increases the rate of reaction due to increased
Answer: Surface area
The ___________ is required to break the bonds of the reactants.
Answer: Activation energy
List four factors that affects the rate of a reaction
Answer: Temperature, Surface area, Catalyst, Concentration
Olive oil
Answer: Homogenous mixture mix
In general, substances with stronger intermolecular forces have _____ boiling points than those with
weaker forces
Answer: Higher
Which of the following geometries could be nonpolar?
Answer: Tetrahedral
Which of the following is a polar molecule?
Answer: H2O
Kool-Aid – Powder, sugar, and water. Identify the solvent
Answer: Water
Which is an example of a solution?
Answer: Juice
When materials combine to form a mixture, they
Answer: Keep their original properties.
What type of solution is shown in the picture? 30% Solute 60% H2O
Answer: Hypertonic
When a certain amount of solvent cannot hold any more solute it is called a _____ solution
Answer: Saturated
How will the following molecule bond with itself?
Answer: Dipole
Solubility refers to the ___ of solute that can dissolve in a certain volume or mass of solvent, at a certain
temperature
Answer: Amount
Which of the following molecules, based on the elements present, would be most polar?
Answer: HF
How does a solution become supersaturated?
Answer: Dissolve more solute than you should be able to
A 3 M solution has how many moles per liter?
Answer: 3
Which is the strongest intermolecular force below”
Answer: Hydrogen bonding
What type of solution is shown in the picture? 10% Solute 90% H2O
Answer: Hypotonic
Type of intermolecular force present in HF
Answer: H-bond
Diluting a solution reduces the total number of moles per liter of solution
Answer: False
Which of these is not an intermolecular force?
Answer: Covalent bonding
Intermolecular forces are the forces
Answer: between molecules
What type of solution is shown in the picture? 1% Solute 99% H2O
Answer: Hypertonic
Another name for a homogenous mixture is
Answer: a solution
Intermolecular force present in CHF3
Answer: dipole dipole
Moles of solute= Molarity x Volume
Answer: True
How does a solution become supersaturated?
Answer: dissolve more solute than you should be able to
This is the part of a solution that dissolves
Answer: Solute
What does it mean to dilute a solution?
Answer: lower the concentration of solute per solvent
What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water?
Answer: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
Answer: saturated solution
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Heterogeneous Mixtures?
Answer: Solutions are a type of heterogenous mixture
The image shown is an example of a
Answer: Solution
Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?
Answer: yes
What is a substance that is dissolved in another substance?
Answer: solute
Intermolecular force present in Cl2?
Answer: dispersion
What is the difference between concentration and saturation?
Answer: concentration is a fixed % and saturation refers to amount of solute dissolved
Which of the following has the highest boiling point?
Answer: NH3
This solution would be considered
Answer: Saturated
Which of the following would have molecule(dipole)-ion attractions?
Answer: NaCl(aq)
Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?
Answer: Xe
How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?
Answer: Dividing the moles of solute by the L of solution
Salt water is a
Answer: solution
In this mixture, which of the following will be the solute?
Answer: The powder on the spoon
This type of mixture contains two or more substances that are visibly distinguishable
Answer: heterogeneous
Determine the type of intermolecular force present in sand, SiO2
Answer: covalent network
Intermolecular force present in HCl? Dipole dipole
Answer: Dispersion
Type of intermolecular force present in l2, Br2, and Cl2
Answer: Dispersion
A molecule containing polar covalent bonds is always polar
Answer: False
What is a solvent?
Answer: The substance that does the dissolving in a solution
Which is an example of a solution?
The correct answer is: Juice
A molecule containing polar covalent bonds is always polar.
The correct answer is 'False'.
What is a substance that is dissolved in another substance?
The correct answer is: solute
Olive Oil
The correct answer is: Homogeneous mixture
The image shown is an example of a ___________. (Kool-Aid)
The correct answer is: solution
This type of mixture contains two or more substances that are visibly distinguishable.
The correct answer is: heterogeneous
What does it mean to dilute a solution?
The correct answer is: lower the concentration of solute per solvent
A 3 M solution has how many moles per liter?
The correct answer is: 3
Diluting a solution reduces the total number of moles per liter of solution.
The correct answer is 'False'.
What type of solution is shown in the picture?
1% - Solute
99% - Water
The correct answer is: Hypotonic
Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?
The correct answer is: yes
Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
The correct answer is: saturated solution
What is the difference between concentration and saturation?
The correct answer is: concentration is a fixed % and saturation refers to amount of solute
dissolved
Which of the following is a polar molecule?
The correct answer is: H2O
Intermolecular force present in HCl? dipole dipole
The correct answer is: Dispersion
How does a solution become supersaturated?
The correct answer is: dissolve more solute than you should be able to.
Type of intermolecular force present in I2, Br2, and Cl2.
The correct answer is: Dispersion
Which of the following would have molecule(dipole)-ion attractions?
The correct answer is: NaCl(aq)
Moles of solute= Molarity x Volume.
The correct answer is 'True'.
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Heterogeneous Mixtures?
The correct answer is: Solutions are a type of heterogenous mixture
What is a solvent?
The correct answer is: The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
This solution would be considered
The correct answer is: Saturated
Which of the following has the highest boiling point?
The correct answer is: NH3
What type of solution is shown in the picture?
60% Solute
40% Water
The correct answer is: Hypertonic
When a certain amount of solvent cannot hold any more solute it is called a ________ solution.
The correct answer is: Saturated
Kool-Aid - Powder, sugar, and water. Identify the solvent
The correct answer is: water
Intermolecular force present in Cl2?
The correct answer is: dispersion
In this mixture, which of the following will be the solute?
Glass, spoon, powder, and water
The correct answer is: The powder on the spoon
Which is the strongest intermolecular force below"
The correct answer is: Hydrogen bonding
Intermolecular forces are the forces
The correct answer is: between molecules
Which of these is not an intermolecular force?
The correct answer is: covalent bonding
Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?
The correct answer is: Xe
Salt water is a
The correct answer is: solution
How does a solution become supersaturated?
The correct answer is: dissolve more solute than you should be able to.
How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?
The correct answer is: Dividing the moles of solute by the L of solution
Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is bonded to N, O, or F. Which of the following would
have hydrogen bonding with water molecules?
NO2, . H2S
Which of the following molecules, based on the elements present, would be most polar?
The correct answer is: HF
Type of intermolecular force present in HF.
The correct answer is: H-bond
Intermolecular force present in CHF3
The correct answer is: dipole dipole
Which of the following geometries could be nonpolar?
The correct answer is: tetrahedral
What type of solution is shown in the picture?
10% solute
90% water
The correct answer is: Hypertonic
What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water?
The correct answer is: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Which formula represents a nonpolar molecule?
HBr
c. CBr4
d. H2S
Solubility refers to the ____ of solute that can dissolve in a certain volume or mass of solvent, at a
certain temperature.
The correct answer is: Amount
Determine the type of intermolecular force present in sand, SiO2.
The correct answer is: covalent network
This is the part of a solution that dissolves
The correct answer is: Solute
When materials combine to form a mixture, they
The correct answer is: a. keep their original properties.
In general, substances with stronger intermolecular forces have ________ boiling points than
those with weaker forces
The correct answer is: Higher
Another name for a homogeneous mixture is
The correct answer is: a solution.
How will the following molecule bond with itself?
The correct answer is: Dipole