Respi
r
at
or
ySy
st
em Di
sor
der
s?
“
Respi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
sordi
seasesar
edi
seasesofl
ungsandhumanai
r
way
st
hataf
f
ecthuman
r
espi
r
at
i
on.
”
Adi
sor
deri
sdef
i
nedasast
at
eofi
r
r
egul
arf
unct
i
oni
ngoft
hebody
.Ther
espi
r
at
or
ysy
st
em
di
sor
der
sorr
espi
r
at
or
ydi
seasesar
et
hemedi
cal
t
er
msusedt
ost
udyaboutt
hev
ar
i
oust
y
pesof
i
nf
ect
i
ons,
al
l
er
gi
esandot
herdi
seasesr
el
at
edt
ot
hedi
f
f
er
entor
gans,
t
i
ssuesandspeci
al
i
zed
cel
l
soft
hehumanr
espi
r
at
or
ysy
st
em.
Ther
espi
r
at
or
ysy
st
em mai
nl
yconsi
st
soft
heupperr
espi
r
at
or
yt
r
act
,
al
v
eol
i
,
br
onchi
,
br
onchi
ol
es,
t
r
achea,
pl
eur
a,
andpl
eur
al
cav
i
t
y
.Thecommoncol
di
sanexampl
eofmi
l
d
r
espi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
sandot
herser
i
ousandl
i
f
et
hr
eat
eni
ngr
espi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
si
ncl
ude
pneumoni
a,
l
ungcancerandast
hma,
i
nf
l
uenza,
t
uber
cul
osi
s,
et
c.
Fact
or
sAf
f
ect
i
ngRespi
r
at
or
ySy
st
em Di
sor
der
s
Ther
ear
esev
er
al
f
act
or
sassoci
at
edwi
t
hr
espi
r
at
or
ysy
st
em di
sor
der
s.Fewoft
hesef
act
or
s
i
ncl
ude:
1.Genet
i
cs
2.Al
l
er
gi
es
3.Smoki
ng
4.Ai
rPol
l
ut
i
on
5.Bact
er
i
al
andv
i
r
al
i
nf
ect
i
ons.
Ty
pesofRespi
r
at
or
ySy
st
em Di
sor
der
s
Respi
r
at
or
ysy
st
em di
sor
der
saf
f
ectmi
l
l
i
onsofpeopl
ewor
l
dwi
de.Ther
ear
et
hr
eemai
nt
y
pesof
r
espi
r
at
or
ydi
seases:
Ai
r
wayDi
sease
I
taf
f
ect
st
hebr
onchi
al
t
ubeswhi
chf
unct
i
onbyt
r
anspor
t
i
ngoxy
genandot
hergasesi
nandout
oft
hel
ungs.I
nai
r
waydi
sease,
t
hepassagef
orai
ri
sr
educed,
whi
chi
sassoci
at
edei
t
herwi
t
h
nar
r
owi
ngorbl
ocki
ngofbr
onchi
al
t
ubes.
LungTi
ssueDi
sease
Humanl
ungsar
ecov
er
edbyat
hi
nt
i
ssuel
ay
ercal
l
edt
hepl
eur
a.Duet
ocer
t
ai
nv
i
r
al
orbact
er
i
al
i
nf
ect
i
ons,
t
hest
r
uct
ur
eoft
hel
ungt
i
ssuesar
eaf
f
ect
ed,
whi
chr
esul
t
si
nscar
r
i
ngor
i
nf
l
ammat
i
onoft
het
i
ssuet
hatenabl
esl
ungst
oexpandnor
mal
l
yandi
nt
ur
n,
makesbr
eat
hi
ng
di
f
f
i
cul
t
.
LungCi
r
cul
at
i
onDi
sease
Thi
sdi
sor
deroccur
swhent
hebl
oodv
essel
soft
hel
ungsar
ecoagul
at
ed,
swol
l
enordamaged.
Thi
saf
f
ect
st
heabi
l
i
t
yoft
hel
ungst
or
ecei
v
eoxy
genandr
el
easecar
bondi
oxi
de.I
next
r
eme
cases,
t
hi
sdi
sor
dermayaf
f
ectt
hef
unct
i
oni
ngoft
hehear
t
.
Al
soRead:
Respi
r
at
i
on
CausesofRespi
r
at
or
yDi
sor
der
s
Respi
r
at
or
ydi
seasesar
ecausedduet
oexposur
et
opol
l
ut
ant
s,
smoki
ng,
passi
v
el
yi
nhal
i
ngt
he
t
obaccosmoke,
asbest
os,
r
adon,
et
c.
Respi
r
at
or
yDi
seases
Fol
l
owi
ngar
et
hemaj
orr
espi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
sordi
seases:
Ast
hma
Ast
hmai
sachr
oni
cdi
seasewhi
chaf
f
ect
st
hebr
onchi
andbr
onchi
ol
esoft
hel
ungs.I
tcauses
di
f
f
i
cul
t
yi
nbr
eat
hi
ngandf
ol
l
owedbysev
er
ecough,
r
est
l
essness,
coughandawheezi
ngsound
whi
l
ebr
eat
hi
ng.
Ast
hmami
ghtcauseduet
ot
hef
ol
l
owi
ngf
act
or
s:
Col
dai
r
Ai
r
bor
neal
l
er
gens
Respi
r
at
or
yi
nf
ect
i
ons
Phy
si
cal
act
i
v
i
t
y
Ai
rpol
l
ut
ant
s
Chr
oni
cObst
r
uct
i
v
ePul
monar
yDi
sease(
COPD)
Thi
si
ncl
udesal
l
t
her
espi
r
at
or
ydi
seasest
hatcausebr
eat
hl
essnessort
hei
nabi
l
i
t
yt
oexhal
e.I
t
l
ar
gel
yaf
f
ect
speopl
ewhohav
ebeenexposedt
osomesor
tofsmoke.I
ti
sav
er
yser
i
ous
di
seaseandwor
sensev
eni
fy
oust
opsmoki
ng.
Emphy
sema
Emphy
semai
sdef
i
nedast
hechr
oni
cdi
sease,
r
educt
i
onoft
her
espi
r
at
or
ysur
f
aceduet
ot
he
damaget
ot
hel
ungal
v
eol
arwal
l
s.I
ti
scausedmai
nl
ybyci
gar
et
t
esmoki
ng.Themai
n
sy
mpt
omsofemphy
semai
ncl
udeshor
t
nessofbr
eat
handcough.Emphy
semami
ghtl
eadt
oa
l
ossofel
ast
i
ci
t
yoft
hel
ungs.
Emphy
semamaybecausedbyt
hef
ol
l
owi
ngf
act
or
s:
1.Dust
2.Chemi
cal
s
3.Ai
rpol
l
ut
i
on
4.Smoki
ngt
obacco
Exposur
et
opassi
v
eci
gar
et
t
esmoki
ng
Occupat
i
onal
Respi
r
at
or
yDi
sor
der
s
Occupat
i
onal
r
espi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
sar
edef
i
nedasanydi
sor
derwhi
chaf
f
ect
st
her
espi
r
at
or
y
sy
st
em byl
ongt
er
mi
nhal
at
i
onofchemi
cal
s,
pr
ot
ei
ns,
anddust
.Fori
nst
ance,
Asbest
osi
st
hati
s
causedbyt
hei
nhal
at
i
onofasbest
osdust
.
Occupat
i
onal
r
espi
r
at
or
ydi
sor
der
smi
ghthappenduet
ot
hei
nhal
at
i
onoft
hef
ol
l
owi
ng
subst
ances:
Fumesf
r
om met
al
s.
Smokef
r
om bur
ni
ngor
gani
cmat
er
i
al
s.
Spr
ay
sofv
ar
ni
sh,
pai
nt
,
aci
ds,
andpest
i
ci
des.
Dustf
r
om cot
t
on,
si
l
i
ca,
coal
,
dr
ugpowder
sandpest
i
ci
des.
Gasesf
r
om i
ndust
r
i
es.Fori
nst
ance,
Ammoni
a,
chl
or
i
neandni
t
r
ogenoxi
des.
Si
nusi
t
i
s
I
ti
st
hei
nf
l
ammat
i
onoft
hemucousmembr
anesi
nt
henasal
si
nus.Themucousmembr
anes
pr
oducemucust
hatdr
ai
nsi
nt
ot
henasal
cav
i
t
i
es.Thebact
er
i
al
orv
i
r
al
i
nf
ect
i
onsorsome
ai
r
bor
neal
l
er
genscauset
hei
nf
l
ammat
i
onoft
hemucousmembr
anes.
LungCancer
Lungcancercandev
el
opi
nanypar
toft
hel
ungs.I
toccur
si
nt
hemai
npar
toft
hel
ungs.The
t
r
eat
mentofl
ungcancerdependsupont
het
y
pe,
l
ocat
i
onandi
t
sspr
ead.