Year 7 Science
Name:
Science Teacher:
The year 7 topics you are to be assessed are on
Electromagnetism & Magnetism
Heath
Energy
Ecology
Magnets & Electromagnets
1.
A pupil does four experiments with bar magnets and small, unmagnetised iron bars.
She places them as shown below. For each experiment, tick one box to show the effect
of the magnetic force between the two objects.
experiment A
they attract
iron bar
they repel
iron bar
no effect
experiment B
they attract
S
iron bar
N
bar magnet
they repel
no effect
experiment C
N
they attract
S
bar magnet
S
N
bar magnet
they repel
no effect
experiment D
they attract
S
they repel
N
iron bar
no effect
bar magnet
4 marks
2.
The drawing shows a toy shark. Magnets X and Y make the shark ‘float’
above the plastic base.
(a)
On magnet X, write the letters N and S to label the poles of the magnet.
1 mark
(b)
(i) Choose a word from the list below to complete the sentence.
attract
cancel
repel
The toy shark ‘floats’ because the magnets ............................................... each
other.
1 mark
(ii)
Sophie pressed down on the tail of the shark with her finger.
What happened to the shark when she removed her finger?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Sophie added weights to the toy shark and measured the distance between the two
magnets.
Her results are shown below.
weight added to
the toy shark (N)
distance between
the magnets (mm)
0.1
6
0.2
4
0.3
3
Complete the sentence below.
As the weight on the toy shark increased, the distance between the magnets
.......................................
1 mark
(d)
Sophie turned the magnet in the plastic base the other way up.
What happened to the shark?
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
3.
A pupil wound a coil of copper wire around a glass tube and connected the wire to a
battery. She placed a compass at each end of the tube and one compass beside the tube
as shown.
Y
glass tube
X
(a)
(i)
Complete the diagram by drawing arrows in compasses X and Y to show the
direction of the magnetic field.
2 marks
(ii)
Draw an arrow in the middle of the glass tube to show the direction of the
magnetic field in the glass tube.
1 mark
(iii)
When the switch is opened, in which direction will the three compass
needles point?
...................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Give one way to reverse the magnetic field around the glass tube
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Two pieces of iron are placed inside the glass tube.
(i)
When the switch is closed, the magnetic field is the same as in the
diagram opposite. The pieces of iron become magnetised.
Label the four poles on the pieces of iron.
glass tube
1 mark’
(ii)
When the switch was closed, the pieces of iron moved.
Explain why they moved.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 7 marks
Ecology
1.
The drawings show six living things.
They spend all or part of the time in water.
not to scale
Look at the drawings.
(a)
(i)
Give the letter of one living thing that uses gills to take in oxygen.
..................
(ii)
Give the letter of one living thing that is covered in scales.
1 mark
..................
1 mark
(b)
Use a word from the list below to fill the gap in the sentence.
lungs
legs
eyes
backbones
The trout, duck, crocodile, water vole and frog are all called vertebrates because
they have ........................................
1 mark
(c)
The trout spends all of its time in water.
Give one way the trout is suited for moving in water.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark
(d)
Draw a line from each animal below to the group it belongs to.
Draw only three lines.
animal
group
frog
reptiles
crocodile
mammals
water vole
amphibians
2 marks
maximum 6 marks
2.
Copper and arsenic are present in the soil near copper mines.
When earthworms eat this soil they change from brown to bright yellow.
The copper and arsenic are not poisonous to earthworms.
(a)
Earthworms are part of the food chain shown below.
not to scale
(i)
Use the food chain to suggest how copper and arsenic get into the body of a
sparrowhawk.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Mary suggested that blackbirds are more likely to catch bright yellow
earthworms than brown earthworms.
Give one reason why this might be true.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Mary wanted to count the bright yellow earthworms and the brown earthworms in
the soil at different distances from the mines.
What important information about the soil could she get from her results?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark
The drawings below show an earthworm and three other worms.
not to scale
The ragworm belongs to the same group as the earthworm.
How can you tell this from the drawings?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark
(d)
The roundworm and some flatworms are parasites.
What does this mean?
Tick the correct box.
They feed only on
insects.
They live in a burrow.
They feed on other living
things and harm them.
They live in the sea.
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
3.
Pyramids of numbers represent the numbers of organisms at each stage in a food
chain.
Study the four pyramids of numbers A, B, C and D shown below.
A
C
(a)
B
D
For each of the food chains choose the pyramid of numbers which best
represents the food chain.
(i)
grass  insects  spiders  birds
........................
1 mark
(ii)
oak trees  aphids  blue tits  sparrow hawks
........................
1 mark
(iii)
grass  rabbits  foxes  fleas
........................
1 mark
(b)
(i)
Which is the main process transferring energy to the surroundings at each
stage in a food chain?
Tick the correct box.
growth
nutrition
reproduction
respiration
1 mark
(ii)
Which process transfers energy from organisms at one stage in a food chain
to organisms at the next?
Tick the correct box.
reproduction
feeding
movement
photosynthesis
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
4.
A pupil studied the organisms in a pond.
From her observations she drew this simple food web.
perch
small fish
water boatmen
water fleas
tadpoles
microscopic plants
(a)
Use only the information in the food web to answer the following.
(i)
Write down one food chain from this food web. There should be four
organisms in the food chain.
..........................  ..........................  ..........................  ...........................
1 mark
(ii)
Write down the producer in the food web.
..............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Disease suddenly kills all the small fish. Complete the sentence to explain
what is likely to happen to the number of water boatmen.
The number of water boatmen is likely to .....................................................
because ........................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
2 marks
Maximum 4 marks
5.
Bats are mammals that can fly. In many parts of the world bats live in caves. Many other
animals live in the caves and some feed on bat droppings. Bats fly out of the caves at
night to catch insects.
The diagram shows part of a food web which includes the organisms living in a cave.
fleas
cave spiders
harvestmen
beetles
millipedes
bats
springtails
flies
flowering plants
growing outside
the cave
bat droppings in
the cave
(a)
moths
In summer, birds enter the caves and eat large numbers of beetles.
Suggest why this might cause the population of millipedes to:
(i)
go up;
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
go down.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
In the space below, draw a pyramid of numbers for the following food chain.
flowering plants

moths

bats

fleas
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks
Pathogens
1.
The thermometer drawn below can be used to measure the temperature of the human
body.
(a)
(i)
What is the lowest temperature this thermometer can measure?
..............°C
1 mark
(ii)
What is the normal temperature of the human body?
Tick the correct box.
37ºC
39ºC
41ºC
1 mark
(iii)
When we are ill our temperature may go up.
A nurse can measure a child’s temperature with two different thermometers as
shown below.
Give one reason why it is safer to use a plastic strip thermometer than a glass
thermometer.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Viruses are micro-organisms that can make us ill.
Give the name of one other type of micro-organism that can make us ill.
................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Alcohol and mercury are two liquids that can be used in glass thermometers.
The table gives information about these liquids.
(i)
liquid
boiling point (ºC)
colour
alcohol
78
colourless
mercury
357
shiny grey
A red dye is added to the colourless alcohol used in thermometers.
Suggest a reason for this.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Choose words from the list below to fill the gaps in the sentences.
gas
liquid
solid
When alcohol and mercury boil they both change from a liquid to
a ......................................
1 mark
A thermometer containing mercury can be used to measure the temperature
of an oven at 150°C because mercury is a ....................................... at 150°C.
1 mark
maximum 7 marks
2.
Spots may be caused by bacteria in the skin. A researcher investigated the effect of spotlotion on bacteria.
(a)
He grew bacteria on the surface of jelly in a Petri dish.
At what temperature would the bacteria reproduce quickly?
Tick the correct box.
100°C
4°C
37°C
–15°C
1 mark
(b)
The researcher placed two small paper discs onto the surface of the jelly.
One disc had been soaked in spot-lotion. The other disc had been soaked in water.
The diagrams below show the jelly at the beginning of the experiment and two days
later.
paper disc soaked
in spot-lotion
clear area
surface covered
with bacteria
paper disc
soaked in water
at the beginning of the experiment
two days later
Suggest what had happened to the bacteria in the clear area around the paper disc
soaked in spot-lotion.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
1 mark
(c)
What was the control in this experiment?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
1 mark
(d)
Give two safety precautions the researcher should take to avoid contact
with the bacteria.
1. ……………………………………………………………………………………
2. …………………………………………………………………………………….
2 marks
Maximum 5 marks
3.
One evening Jenny and Leah ate chicken sandwiches which had been in their school
bags all day. There were harmful bacteria in the food. The next day both girls became
very ill. Their doctor gave them antibiotics to take for eight days.
The graph represents how antibiotics affect the number of bacteria in the body.
number of
harmful
bacteria in
the body
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 8 9 10
time, in days
sandwich antibiotics
eaten
started
(a)
Use the graph to explain why the girls did not become ill until the day after eating
the sandwiches.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
After taking the antibiotics for eight days Jenny was completely better. Explain why
she got better.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Leah should have taken the antibiotics for eight days. She felt much better after five
days and stopped taking the antibiotics. Two days later she felt very ill again.
Use the graph to help you explain why Leah became ill again.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
2 marks
(d)
Food will keep longer if it is placed in a refrigerator at 2°C.
Refrigeration does not kill bacteria.
What effect does the low temperature have on bacteria?
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
Energy
1
The drawings below show what happens to the energy supplied to four appliances.
98% of the energy is
used to heat the water
kettle
2% of the energy is wasted
% of the energy
is given out as light
light bulb
95% of the energy is wasted
50% of the energy
is given out as sound
radio
50% of the energy is wasted
40% of the energy is
used to move the whisks
mixer
% of the energy is wasted
(a)
(i)
What percentage of energy of the light bulb is given out as light?
Write your answer on the line by the light bulb.
1 mark
(ii)
What percentage of energy is wasted by the mixer?
Write your answer in the box by the mixer.
1 mark
(iii)
Complete the sentence below.
Parts of the mixer become hot because some of the electrical
energy is changed into .......................................... energy which is
wasted.
1 mark
(b)
Energy is wasted as sound in many appliances.
Which appliance in the drawings produces sound which is not wasted?
........................................................
1 mark
(c)
In which of the appliances is the highest percentage of energy wasted?
........................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
2.
The drawing shows Mark’s house. He uses three methods to generate electricity.
(a)
Draw a straight line from each of the two methods below to the main energy
resource used to generate electricity.
Draw only two lines.
method
energy resource
air movement
solar cells
chemicals
sunlight
petrol generator
heat
2 marks
(b)
(i)
The solar cells cannot work at night.
Give the reason for this.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
The wind turbine cannot generate electricity all the time.
Give the reason for this.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks
3.
Coal is a non-renewable energy resource.
(a)
Give two other non-renewable energy resources.
1. ..................................................................................................................
2. ..................................................................................................................
2 marks
Wood is a renewable energy resource.
(b)
Why can wood be described as a renewable energy resource?
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Give two other renewable energy resources.
1. ..................................................................................................................
2. ..................................................................................................................
2 marks
(d)
Complete the statement below to describe what happens when wood burns.
When wood burns, chemical energy in the wood is transformed
into .............................. energy, which is transferred to the surroundings.
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks