The Peace Treaties
Aim: to revise the Paris Pace
Conference
The Big Three
Leader
Clemenceau
Lloyd George
Wilson
Country
Attitude towards Germany
Main aim
THE FOURTEEN POINTS
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No secret treaties.
Free access to the seas in peacetime or wartime.
Free trade between countries.
All countries to work towards disarmament.
Colonies to have a say in their own future.
German troops to leave Russia.
Independence for Belgium.
France to regain Alsace–Lorraine.
Frontier between Austria and Italy to be adjusted.
Self-determination for the peoples of eastern Europe (they
should rule themselves).
Serbia to have access to the sea.
Self-determination for the people in the Turkish Empire.
Poland to become an independent state with access to the
sea.
League of Nations to be set up.
SIX TERMS OF THE TREATY OF
VERSAILLES [memory word: GARGLE]
• Guilt – clause 231: Germany accepted blame ‘for
causing all the loss and damage’ of the war.
• Army – army: 100,000/ no submarines/ no
aeroplanes/ 6 battleships/ Rhineland de-militarised
• Reparations – £6,600 million – in instalments, until
1984).
• Germany lost land – Alsace-Lorraine to France/
Saar to France (15 years)/ West Prussia and Upper
Silesia to Poland/ Danzig a ‘free city’/ German
colonies became ‘mandates’ of the League of
Nations.
• League of Nations set up.
• Extra points – forbade Anschluss/ Estonia, Latvia
and Lithuania independent states.
Germany’s Reaction to Versailles
Losses
Disarmament
Fourteen
Points and
League of
Nations
Germany
opposed the
Treaty of
Versailles
because
War guilt
Territories
Was the Treaty ‘fair’?
Fair
•The war had caused so
much death and
damage
•Germany had to be
stopped from doing it
again
•People in France and
Britain wanted revenge
Harsh
•The punishment was too
severe towards Germany
•Germany was left weak and
resentful – this could lead to
anger and a revenge war
•The Treaty wouldn’t help
rebuild European trade and
wealth
•The peacemakers had made
the Treaty under pressure from
home