Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
Lesson Plan in Science 10
Third Quarter
(Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon)
Content Standard: The information stored in DNA as being used to make proteins
Performance Standard: Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA codon
using the Genetic Code Table.
Learning Competency: Explain how protein is made using information from DNA
(S10LT-IIId37).
I.
Objectives
Along with the teaching-learning process, students shall have:
1. identified the DNA bases and mRNA codons;
2. recognized the role of DNA and mRNA codons that corresponds to
the amino acids in proteins; and
3. completed the amino acids coded for by the messenger RNA codon
using the Genetic Code Table.
II.
Subject Matter
Topic:
Reference:
Materials:
Values Integration:
Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA
Codon
Alvarez, Liza A., et.al. (2015). Science 10.
1st edition. Department of Education
PC Tablet, Reference Book, Paper, Genetic
Code Table (Tarpaulin)
Determination in building!
III. Procedure
A. Preparation
Prayer
Create conducive environment
Checking of attendance and tasks
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
B. Review/Drill
Initiate practice test/exercise on related topic on nitrogenous bases on
the previous lesson.
Sample Activity:
Each combination of three nitrogenous bases on the messenger RNA
molecule is a codon, a three letter code for a specific amino acid. Use the
table below to identify the specific amino acid for each messenger RNA
codon.
DNA SEQUENCE:
m RNA:
Amino Acid:
GCA
CGU
Arginine
AGT
UCA
Serine
ACC
TGA
UGG
ACU
Tryptophan Threonine
C. Presentation
Activity
Directions: Perform the activity below through identify the amino acids
coded for by the m RNA codon using the Genetic Code Table.
Trace the Code
Objective:
Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA codon. Use the
Genetic Code Table for translation of codons to amino acid/protein.
Materials:
Genetic Code Table
Activity Sheets
Procedure:
1. Copy and fill in the table.
2. Refer to the Genetic Code Table to identify the amino acid.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
Order of bases in
DNA
TAG
CAT
Order of bases in m
RNA (codon)
AUC
Order of bases in t
RNA
Amino Acid Coded
into Proteins
GUC
CCA
Methionine
Valine
ACA
AAA
GAA
ACU
UGU
CUU
3. To determine the order of bases in the column (DNA), second column (codon),
and third column (anticodon), consider the complementary base pairs in DNA:
adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine. While in RNA,
adenine pairs with uracil and guanine pairs with cytosine.
4. To identify the amino acid, look at the bases in the mRNA codon, e.g., AUG
using the Genetic Code Table. Look for the first letter of the mRNA codon on
the left side of the genetic code table (A), the second letter of the mRNA on the
second letter column (U), and the third letter on the right side column (G). AUG
codes for the amino acid-methionine.
5. Do the same with the other codons in the chart.
Fig. 1 Genetic Code Table
https://byjus.com/biology/genetic-code/
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
Analysis
Directions: The students will have shared their perceived ideas or learning
from the concrete performance they have done.
Guide Questions:
1. Why is specific base pairing essential to the processes of
transaction and translation?
2. How many codon/s codes for one amino acid?
Abstraction
Directions: The teacher will have facilitated the discussion and some
enrichments to the class to enhance student’s understanding of the lesson on
Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon.
Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon
-
-
DNA Replication is a process in
which the DNA is copied.
- mRNA is a messenger RNA; brings information from the DNA in the
nucleus to the cytoplasm.
- Transcription is a process of copying DNA sequence into mRNA.
- rRNA is a ribosomal RNA; hold tightly to the mRNA and use its
information to assemble amino acids.
Fig. 2 Process of DNA coding to Amino Acid
-
Nucleotide is a carbon ring structure
that contains one or more atoms of
nitrogen. In DNA, there are four
possible nitrogen bases: adenine (A),
thymine (T), cytosine (C), and
guanine (G).
Codon is a set of three nitrogenous
bases in mRNA representing an
amino acid or a start/stop codon.
Anticodon is the complement of the
mRNA; triplet code in the tRNA.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
- Translation is a process of converting information in m RNA into a
sequence of amino acids in a protein.
- t RNA is a transfer RNA; a type of RNA that attach the correct amino acid
to the protein chain that is being synthesized in the ribosome.
- Genetic Code is a set of rules that specify the codons in DNA or RNA that
corresponds to the amino acids in proteins.
Application
Directions: Read the concept of normal and missense mutation and
complete the figure below.
The figure below shows changes in the sequences of bases in normal
hemoglobin and the one affected by mutation. A recessive gene causes
sickle-cell anemia, where most of the red blood cells stiffen and become
sickle shape in affected people. These diseased cells carry less oxygen than
normal cells. People affected by the disease eventually die.
Fig. 3 Normal and Missense Mutation of Red Blood Cells
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
Points
9-10
6-8
3-5
0-2
Descriptions
Understanding of concept is clearly evident, uses strategies to get accurate results and uses
logical thinking to arrive at conclusion.
Understanding of the concept is evident, uses appropriate strategies to arrive at a results
and shows thinking skills to arrive at the conclusion.
Has a limited understanding of the concept, uses strategies that are ineffective and attempts
to show thinking skills.
Has a complete lack of understanding of concept and makes no attempt to use a strategy.
Table 2. Scoring Rubrics for Figure Analysis
(Adopted from http://www.google.com/search?q=+rubric+in+science)
Agreement
Directions: Research on the chromosomal mutation and its explain
examples. (10 points each)
Guide Questions:
1. What does chromosomal mutation infer?
2. Cite examples of chromosomal mutation and provide figures
of each?
Prepared by:
Noted by:
EMMANUEL II L. GADDAO
Science Teacher
MARIA ELENA F. MORALES, Ed.
School Head
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur
Trace the Code
Objective:
Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA codon. Use the Genetic
Code Table for translation of codons to amino acid/protein.
Materials: Pen, Paper, and Genetic Code Table
SCORE:
/27
Order of bases in
DNA
Order of bases in m
RNA (codon)
TAG
AUC
Order of bases in t
RNA
Amino Acid Coded
into Proteins
CAT
GUC
CCA
Methionine
Valine
ACU
ACA
UGU
AAA
GAA
CUU