1. What is the relationship between chromosomes and DNA? The
chromosome is a molecule formed by a chain of DNA associated with
proteins. Together, they form a group of molecules directly responsible for
heredity.
2. What is heredity? It is the biological process where the genes present in a
DNA are transmitted by parents to their children, through the division of
gametes. These genes carry the codes that form the genotypic and
phenotypic characteristics, which allows a similarity between parents and
children to occur.
3. What is the role of proteins associated with the DNA molecule that makes
up the gene? Proteins are responsible for keeping the DNA line tightly
compressed, maintaining the chromosome structure. In addition, they control
the activities of the genes present in this DNA molecule, being essential in
maintaining heredity.