Guided Notes for chapter 16.2 and 16.3
Song introduction: Aloe Blacc: “I need a dollar” What aspects of the song relate to this time period?
Causes of the Great Depression: In October of 1929 the Stock Market Crashed in the U.S. the day was
called BlackTuesday. Millions of people, companies, and banks lost all of their money in the Stock
Market. This financial crisis then rippled across the world and created the Great Depression. Here are a
few other causes that contributed to the economic downturn.
Overproduction of
goods/Demand for goods fall
Produce more goods than what is demanded, factories slowed,
workers lost jobs (1/4 white males unemployed, 1/2 minority
unemployed)
World loans and Reparations
payments
The Dust Bowl
OK, Northern Tex, Kansa, 10 year drought, deforestation,
overfarming, wind storms
Buying on margin (Stocks)
and consumer goods.
inflates what company is holding in its bank, speculation (get rich
quick)
American Tariffs (world
trade)
(Watch Crash course in black folder) Focus Question: How did this worldwide economic depression
“open the door” for radical leaders in Europe? (Give at least three reasons)
Chapter 16.3 Fascism in Italy
A. Causes of Italian discontent after WWI: Promised lands from WWI treaties were not fully granted,
_____________________, Peasants seized lands and factories, _________________________________,
Taxes rise, government split into feuding sides, and returning veterans faced unemployment.
B. Mussolini’s Rise to Power: Grows up socialist, denounces it during WWI, turns to intense
nationalism. This nationalism will thrust Benito into power within a few years.
–Mussolini, like Hitler, was a fiery and excellent public speaker. He organized his supporters into groups
known as ___________ shirts. These young men rejected ____________________ processes for violent
action. They smashed leftiest presses, silenced political leaders, and used terror tactics to get their way.
Many Italians accepted these actions because _______________________________________________
-In 1922 Fascists made a bid for power, after a rally they announced a major ____________ on Rome.
Tens of thousands of black shirts swarmed the capital. King Victor Emmanuel III feared a ____________,
so he asked Mussolini to start a government and place himself as the ____________________________.
C. Mussolini’s Rule: Benito takes the name Il Duce meaning: ______________________, each year the
Fascist party gained seats in the government. Mussolini’s party used muzzled the press, rigid elections,
used secret police, prison sentences and murder to keep the party in power.
The Individual and the State: Read pages 538 and 539 and complete the following questions and chart.
Define Fascism (page 539)-
Define the totalitarian state (page 539)-
Fascism in Italy
Values of Fascism
Impact on Italian youth
Italian economy
Italian Propaganda
Italian society (life in Italy)
Differences from Communism
*The most important aspect of Mussolini’s party was that the state IS ALWAYS above the individual!