COURSE TITLE: Non-Profit Management and Leadership
SEMESTER: II Semester (2021-2023)
PROGRAM: MPA (18 years) - Regular and Self-Support
CREDIT HOURS: 3
PREREQUISITES: Management, Public Administration
Learning Outcomes
Non-profit organizations have played an important, unique and sometimes controversial role in
development of societies. There is great diversity exist among different non-profit organizations
operating in developed as well as developing countries like Pakistan. Some nonprofits employ
highly specialized staff while other nonprofits are staffed primarily by volunteers. Some NPO’s
are affiliated with international networks, while others are uniquely local. They serve a vital role
in society by addressing needs that neither business nor government are prepared to fulfill. Over
the past decade, this sector has grown in size, sophistication, impact, and influence. This course
presents a broad overview of the nonprofit sector. Through a combination of readings, writings,
discussions, and guest speakers, students gain an understanding of the challenges and
opportunities within the sector, the various domains comprising the sector, and a number of
functions within non-profit sector organizations that work together to deliver value to individuals
and society with special reference to Pakistan.
Contents
Session 1: Course Introduction and Overview
General Introduction and discussion with reference to course, contents and expectations.
Session 2: Definition and Concept of Non-profit Sector
Anheier, H. K. (2005). Studying nonprofit organizations in Nonprofit Organizations: Theory,
management, policy (pp. 3-19). New York: Routledge
Corry, O. (2010). Defining and theorizing the third sector. In Third sector research (pp. 11-20).
Springer New York.
Ghaus-Pasha, A., & Iqbal, M. A. (2003). Defining the Nonprofit Sector: Pakistan: Johns Hopkins
Center for Civil Society Studies. Ghaus-Pasha, A., Jamal, H., & Iqbal, M. A. (2002).
Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan. Social Policy and Development center.
Saqib, Z., Fournier, V., & Lightfoot, G. (2017). Comparative Study of the Non-Profit Sectors of
Pakistan and India. The China Nonprofit Review, 9(1), 108-133
Session 3: Historical Background of Non-Profit Sector: Global and Domestic Perspective
Iqbal, M. A. (2006). The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan Paper presented
at the International Conference of the International Society for Third-Sector Research, Bangkok
Iqbal, M. A., Khan, H., & Javed, S. (2004). Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan: Historical Background.
SPDC Working Paper No. 4, Karachi: Social Policy and Development Centre
Dashti, A., Moulabuksh, M., & Ali, M. (2021). ROLE OF NGOs IN SOUTH ASIA: A CASE
STUDY OF PAKISTAN. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 4(2).
Session 4: Theoretical Approaches to Non-Profit Sector
Anheier, H. K. (2005). Theoretical Approaches in Nonprofit Organizations: Theory,
management, policy (pp. 3-19). New York: Routledge
DiMaggio, P., & Anheier, H. (1990). The Sociology of Nonprofit Organizations and Sectors.
Annual Review of Sociology, 16, 137-159. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2083266
Anheier, H. K. (1995). Theories of the Nonprofit Sector: Three issues. Nonprofit and Voluntary
Sector Quarterly, 24(1), 15-23.
Session 5: Legal Framework of NPO’s.
Ismail, Z. H. (2002). The Legal Framework of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan. Philanthropy
and the Law in South Asia
Guest Speaker
Session 6 : Management and Strategic Management of NPO’s
Allison, M., & Kaye, J. (2011). Strategic planning for nonprofit organizations: A practical guide
and workbook. John Wiley & Sons.
Oliveira, M., Santos, T. C. S. D. M. D., Gomes, S., Sousa, M., & Lopes, J. M. (2021). Strategic
management and value creation in Non-Profit Organisations. Journal of Management
Information and Decision Sciences, 24.
Session 7: Executive and Board Management, Leadership and Governance of NPO’s
Miller-Millesen, J. L. (2003). Understanding the Behavior of Nonprofit Boards of Directors: A
Theory-Based Approach. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 32, 521-547.
O'Regan, K., & Oster, S. (2005). Does the Structure and Composition of the Board Matter? The
Case of Nonprofit Organizations. Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, 21(1), 205-227.
Governance of Third Sector Organizations in Pakistan: The Role of Advisory Board. South
Asian Studies, 29(2), 583.
Session 8 : Volunteer Management of NPO’s
Brown, L. H. (2015). A case study of social media marketing practices related to volunteer
management functions in nonprofit organizations. Capella University.
Hernandez Ortiz, T. L., Hager, M. A., & Brudney, J. L. (2022). What Do Nonprofits Value in
Their Volunteers?. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership &
Governance, 46(1), 96-110.
Session 9: Mid Term Examination
Session 10: Human Resource Management and Financial Management of NPO’s
Cunningham, I. (1999). Human resource management in the voluntary sector: Challenges and
opportunities. Public Money and Management, 19(2), 19-25.
Burke, R. J. (2012). Human Resource management in nonprofit sector: setting the stage in
Human resource management in the nonprofit sector: passion, purpose and professionalism.
Edward Elgar Publishing.
Oliveira, M., Sousa, M., Silva, R., & Santos, T. (2021). Strategy and human resources
management in non-profit organizations: Its interaction with open innovation. Journal of Open
Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 75.
Huang, L. H. (2021). How happy are people as they work in nonprofit organizations?. Journal of
the Asia Pacific Economy, 1-23.
Guest Speaker
Session 11: Presentation 1 and 2
Session 12: Fundraising and Marketing of NPO’s
Higgins, J. W., & Lauzon, L. (2003). Finding the funds in fun runs: Exploring physical activity
events as fundraising tools in the nonprofit sector. International Journal of Nonprofit and
Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8(4), 363-377.
Di Lauro, S., Tursunbayeva, A., & Antonelli, G. (2019). How nonprofit organizations use social
media for fundraising: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Business and
Management, 14(7), 1.
Hommerová, D., & Severová, L. (2019). Fundraising of nonprofit organizations: Specifics and
new possibilities. Journal of Social Service Research, 45(2), 181-192.
Session 13: Presentation 3
Session 14: Presentation 4
Session 15: Accountability, Trust and Effectiveness of NPO’s
Onyx, J. (2008). Third Sector Organisation Accountability and Performance. In Comparative
Third Sector Governance in Asia (pp. 119-129). Springer New York.
Cutt, J., & Murray, V. (2002). Accountability:The foundations of performance measurement,
evaluation and reporting in Accountability and effectiveness evaluation in nonprofit
organizations. Routledge.
Bukhari, I. S., & Khurram, S. (2021). Defining Organizational Effectiveness of Third Sector
Organizations in Pakistan: A Case of Primary Education Sector. Journal of the Research Society
of Pakistan, 58(1), 197.
Kim, J. (2003). Accountability, governance, and non-governmental organizations: A comparative
study of twelve Asia-Pacific nations. In Asia-Pacific Philanthropy Consortium conference:
Governance, organizational effectiveness, and the non-profit sector in Asia-Pacific. September.
Session 16: Collaborative Governance
Omar, A. T., Leach, D., & March, J. (2014). Collaboration between nonprofit and business
sectors: A framework to guide strategy development for nonprofit organizations. VOLUNTAS:
International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 25(3), 657-678.
Ejaz, I., Shaikh, B. T., & Rizvi, N. (2011). NGOs and government partnership for health systems
strengthening: a qualitative study presenting viewpoints of government, NGOs and donors in
Pakistan. BMC health services research, 11(1), 1-7.
Unit-9: Highlights and Future of Social Enterprise
3. Teaching Learning Strategies
The course is delivered through the combination of lectures and in-classroom seminars. Students
will be encouraged in expressing their ideas, sharing their opinions and making discussions on
the shared reading material and ask questions. In all sessions there will have be having on hand
contextual discussions on Non-profit Management with reference to Pakistan.
4. Assignments- Types and Number with calendar
i.
Weekly reading assignments
Students will be given extensive reading material to go read and prepare for the next class. Each
student will be given an opportunity to present his/her ideas developed through the assigned
articles. The evaluation of students will also be made after this exercise. This type of assignment
will take place regularly on weekly basis.
ii.
Team Social Enterprise Project
One of the most effective ways to integrate and synthesize course concepts is to apply them in
real practice. The Non-Profit Management Project is a semester-long assignment in which
students in a group of 3 each will conduct research and develop suggestive plan for their chosen
2 NPO operating in same functional areas having same organizational size and structure. They
are supposed to:

Analyze overall management, governance and leadership of respective organizations.

Compare their management and leadership practices and strategies.

Identify management issues of 2 NPOs selected by each group.

Provide recipe of solutions to the said selected organizations in light of discussions and
literature discussed during classes.
Each of the group has to invite 2 key representatives of those organizations in their seminar.
iii.
Term Paper will be submitted by students as an individual assignment in the
form of report eventually after mid term examinations.
5. Assessment and Examinations
S. No.
Elements
Weightage
Details
35%
Mid Term exam comprising of
Subjective, Short questions, MCQs or the
combination of all these will take place
after 8 weeks of semester.
1.
Midterm
Assessment
2.
Formative
Assessment
25%
Students will be assessed on the basis of
their class room discussions, assignments,
final project and its presentation.
3.
Final
Assessment
40%
A Final exam comprising of subjective
questions, case study, MCQs or the
combination of all these types of
questions shall take place at the end of
semester.
5. Textbooks and Suggested Readings
a. Text book:
Anheier, H. K. (2005). Nonprofit Organizations: Theory, management, policy. New York:
Routledge
Herman, Robert and Associates. (2010). The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership
and Management. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Powell, W. W., & Steinberg, R. (2006). The nonprofit sector: A research handbook. Yale
University Press., H. (2007). Entrepreneurship in the Social Sector. London: Sage
Publications.