PE 4 – Teams Sports
Learner’s Module
By: Percy A. Sacyafen
Overview/Introduction
The Importance of Sports in Education
Anyone who wishes to pursue a career in sports should first focus on his/her academics and make
it a strong base. In sports or academics it is very important to be aware of the 3D’s of life which
are Dedication, Devotion and Determination.
So, when a school focuses on variety of enriching activities it helps students to develop skills
unknown to them and helps them to understand their career focus.
Gone are the days when the life of a student used to be stress free and the only worry involved was
to perform better in exams which would judge the learning parameters of the student. More
importance was given to the exam grades and very less to skill development or extra-curricular
activities. But the concept of education has changed drastically over a period of time where more
focus is given now towards a holistic development of students. These days schools are equally
focusing on extra-curricular activities and sports apart from academics to make students allrounders.
Sports plays an important role in educating students as it teaches them to become strong from
inside and also develop a fit and sound body. Combining sports in education can help students to
develop a self-motivating spirit to do things on their own and having ownership of these. Being
actively involved in sports can help students relax from their daily routine of learning course syllabus
and lessen the exam stress as well. It is a great medium to keep the mind, body and soul in sync
and maintain a balance between work and play. Day to day practice in sports can help
students imbibe leadership skills. Qualities like tolerance, patience and tips to handle pressure is
well taught by sports. It also teaches the value of team spirit and proficiency to share victory and
defeat.
Sports education has direct impact on maintaining the child’s health and increasing their physical
stamina. One of the most important things that are required in sports is the discipline, which has
been derived from the word disciple – follower of a learned teacher. Having coaching in sports helps
develop obedience, self-confidence and the ability to determine winning or losing with extreme will
power.
II. Learning Content
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What is sports/teams sports
Importance /benefits of Teams sports
Types of Teams sports
History of Teams sports
Facilities/Equipment use in Teams Sports
Basic skills Teams sports
Rules of teams sports
Officiating officials in Teams sports
III. Course Outcomes
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
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Identify the types of teams sports.
Define terminologies related teams sport
Illustrate the layout and standard playing area and its dimensions.
Acquire knowledge on the history, facilities, equipment, terminologies, basic rules and
strategies of the games.
PART IV: Discussion
HISTORY OF BASKETBAL
James Naismith introduced basketball on December, 1891. He was a Physical Education Instructor at
Springfield College in Springfield Massachusetts, USA. Luther Gulick, Head of the Physical Education Department,
asked Naismith to create a team sports that could be played indoors during winter.
Finally, after much thinking, he came up with a great idea for an indoor game. He got two peach baskets
and attached them to a balcony at the opposite ends of the gym (3 meters above the floor). There were eighteen
people in his class, so he divided them up into two groups with nine players on each team. Of course, they
couldn't play the game without a ball, so he chose a ball that he had on hand: a soccer ball. When the first game
began, the players started passing the ball around and one boy threw the ball in the basket. He scored and his
team got the first three points
But even though the game was fun to play, there were some problems that they had to solve. For
example, whenever the players would throw the ball into the basket, they couldn't get it down without climbing
up a ladder. So, they decided to cut holes in the bottom of the baskets for the ball to fall through. This helped
them play faster. They used these peach baskets until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops with
backboards.
Naismith evolved 5 basic principles when he created the game.
1. The game is played with round ball and with hands.
2. A player cannot run with the ball.
3. Any player can take up any position on the playing court at any time.
4. There shall be no physical contact between players.
5. The goal/basket shall be placed horizontally above the floor of the court.
After the experimental game, Naismith drafted the original 13 rules of the game. The rules were
published in Triangle Magazine on January 15, 1892, under the title “A NEW GAME” The sports immediately
caught on. Soon basketball was being played by YMCA teams, secondary schools, college teams, as well as
professionals.
Time line of the development of Basketball.
1904 – Saint Louis, USA Olympic Games, Basketball was demonstrated.
1910 - Basketball was first introduced to the Philippine public school system by the Americans as a
women's sport and was played in interscholastic meets in 1911 until 1913.
1936 – Berlin, Germany Olympics Games Basketball became an official sports events
* The Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP) joined the International Basketball governing body,
Federation Internationale de basketball amateur (FIBA)
*The Philippines participated in the first official Olympic Games Basketball Tournament held at Berlin,
Germany. The national team finished 5th with a 4-1win-loss record. The national team beat Mexico
(32-30), Estonia (39-22), Italy (32-14) and Uruguay (33-23), and losing only to eventual champion Team
USA (23-56).
Definitions:
Basketball – is game played by two teams of five players each. The aim of each team is to score
into the opponent’s basket and to prevent the other team from scoring.
Basket: Own/Opponent’s
The Basket that is attacked by a team is the opponent’s basket and the basket that defended by
a team is the team’s own basket.
Court and Dimensions
Playing court – it shall be rectangular, flat, hard surface and at least two meters from any
obstructions.
- The dimensions shall be 28 meters in length and 15 meters in width.
Lines, lanes, Areas of the Playing court
a. boundary line- the playing court is limited by line, consisting of the end line and the
sideline.
b. center line – drawn parallel to the end line from the mid-point of the sideline and shall
extend 15 cm. beyond each sideline. It divides the playing court into two equal court.
Front court – area of the court between the center line and the opponent’s basket.
Back court – area of the court between the center line and the team’s own basket.
c. center circle – marked at the center of the court with a radius of 1.80 meters and
measures 3.60 meters.
d. three point field goal area – it is the entire floor area of the playing court except for the
area near the opponent’s basket limited by a semi circle of 6.75 meters
from the exact center of the basket.
e. free throw line – drawn parallel to the each end line. It shall have its furthest edge
5.50meters from the inner edge of the end line.
f. restricted areas – shall be the floor areas marked on the court limited by the end line, the
free throw line, and the lines originated in the end line. (Shaded area).
g. free throw rebound places along the restricted areas – reserved for players during
free throws.
h. bench area – marked outside the playing court on the same side as the scorer’s table
limited by two lines.
Equipment/Facilities
a. basket – it shall comprise the ring and the net.
Ring – it is made of solid steel with an inside diameter of 45 cm. painted with orange.
Net – shall be a white cord suspended from the ring and shall not be less than 40 cm. and not more
than 45 cm.
b. basketball – shall be spherical in shape, the outer surface is made of leather, rubber and synthetic leather.
Circumference (size) – not less than 74.9 cm and not more than 78 cm
Weight – not less than 567 g. and not more than 650 g.
c. backboard – it is constructed with transparent material (fiber glass) non- transparent material (hardwood).
The dimensions shall be 1.80 meters horizontally and 1.05 meters vertically.
d. technical
equipment
1. game clock- used for timing periods of play and the intervals between them.
2. stop watch- used for timing time outs.
3. signal- indicates end of a period or extra period.
4. 24 second device- used for timing a team in control of a live ball on the court.
5. score sheets- it is where records about the game is recorded.
6. scoreboard- it is clearly visible to everyone involved in the game, it display the score.
7. player foul marker- it indicates the player’s personal foul.
8. team foul marker- it indicate that a team is in penalty situations
9. alternating possession arrow-method of causing the ball to become alive with a throw-in rather than a
jump ball.
Basic Skills
1. Passing – the most important skill because a team can
only shot when it has the possession of the ball.
Kinds of Passing
a.
b.
c.
d.
chest pass
hook pass
bounce pass
baseball pass
Chest pass
Baseball
pass
Bounce pass
Hook pass
3. Shooting – determines the outcome of the game, combine the body balance, finger control, stance, and
follow through.
Kinds of Shooting
a. chest shot
b. hook shot
c. set shot/push shot
d. jump shot
e. lay-up shot
f. dunk shoot
Lay-up shot
Dunk shot
Jump shot
2. Dribbling – used to gain distance, the combination of running and bouncing the ball.
4. Rebounding- attempting to recover a missed shot from the basket/goal.
Types of Rebounding
a. offensive rebound- ball is recovered by the same team
b. defensive rebound- ball is recovered by the other team
5. Receiving/Catching – ball should be caught in both hands, the body should be in line with oncoming ball.
receiver should be moving towards the ball when making a catch, hands should be relaxed.
Simplified Rules
1. Playing time - game shall consist of 4 periods (quarters) of 10 minutes each. There will be intervals of
two minutes between the first and second period, between the third and fourth period and before extra
period (overtime). The half time interval is always 15 minutes.
2. Charged time-out – the duration of time-out is always one minute. Five time-outs may be granted to
each team during the normal playing time, two time-outs may be granted at any time during the first
half (1st and 2nd periods/quarter) and three time-outs may be granted any time during the second half
(3rd and 4th period/quarter) one time-out may be granted at any time during each period of extra time,
unused time-outs may not be carried to the next half-time or extra period.
3. Beginning of the game- the game shall be started by a jump ball.
a. Jump ball- takes place when the officials toss the ball between two opposing players during the
first period only.
b. Alternating possession rule is method of putting the ball in play with throw-in shall be indicated
by the alternating arrow. The direction of the arrow is reversed immediately when the alternating
possession throw-in ends.
4. Goal when made and its value. A goal is made when a live ball enters the basket from above and remains
within or passes through.
a. Free throw- one point
b. Beyond the three point line- three points
c. Field goal (near the basket)- two points
5. Teams- shall consists of 10 or 12 players eligible to play, coach, assistant coach, a captain who shall be
on of the team members entitled to play and a maximum of 5 team followers (manager, doctor,
statistician, interpreter …) A player who committed his 5 fouls becomes a team follower.
a. Player- member of the team who is on the court and entitled to play.
b. Substitute- member of the team who is not on the court and not entitled to play
c. A substitute becomes a player when the official beckons him to the court.
d. A player becomes substitute when he leaves the court authorized by the rule.
6. Infraction of rules
Foul - is an infraction of rules involving personal contact with an opponent or unsportsmanlike behaviour.
Kinds of Personal foul
1. Blocking
2. Charging
3. Illegal guarding from the rear
4. Holding
5. Illegal used of hands
6. Pushing
Violation- is an infraction of the rules, the penalty for which is the loss of the ball
Kinds of Violation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Traveling
Three second
Eight second
Twenty four seconds
5 seconds violation
a. Closely guarded player
b. Free throws
c. Throw-in
6. Ball returned to the backcourt
7. Double dribble
8. Stepping
Officials, Table officials and the commissioner and their duties
●
The officials shall be a referee and an umpire, they shall be assisted by the table officials and by a
commissioner, if present
● The table officials shall be the scorer, an assistant scorer, a timekeeper and a 24 second operator.
● A commissioner shall sit between the scorer and the timekeeper, his duty is to supervise the work of
the table officials and to assist the referee and the umpire.
Duties and Power of the Referee
1. Inspect and approve all equipment to use during the game.
2. Shall not permit any player to wear objects which may cause injury.
3. Administer a jump ball at center circle.
Duties of the Scorer
1. Keep record of the names and numbers of the player who are to start the game and all substitutes who
enter the game.
2. Keep running summary of points scored and record the field goals and the free throws made.
3. Record the personal and technical fouls charged against each layer. Notify the officials immediately
when a 5th foul is charged against any player, records the technical fouls charged against each coach
and must notify an official immediately when the coach is disqualified and must leave the game.
Duties of the Assistant Scorer
1. Operate the scoreboard and assist the scorer.
Duties of the Timekeeper
1. Keep record of paying time and time of stoppage.
2. Notify the teams and the officials at least 3 minutes before the first and third period is to start.
Duties of the 24 Second Operator
1. Shall be provided with a 24 second device and operate it.
2. Started or restarted as soon as a layer gains control of a live ball on the court.
Duties of the Captain
1. Represents his team on the court
2. Communicate with the officials during the game to obtain information. This will be done in a courteous
manner and only when the ball is dead and the game clock is stopped.
3. May act as coach
Duties of the Coach or Assistant Coach
1. Representatives of the team who may communicate with the table officials during the game to obtain
statistical information. This shall be done in a courteous manner, only when the ball is dead and the
game clock has stopped.
2. Shall give the scorer a list with the names and corresponding numbers of the team members who are
eligible to play in the game at least 20 minutes before the game.
3. They are permitted to make request for a charged time out.
A - OFFICIALS’ SIGNALS
A.1 The hand signals illustrated in these rules are the only official signals.
A.2 While reporting to the scorer’s table it is strongly recommended to verbally support the
communication (in international games in the English language).
A.3 It is important that the table officials are familiar with these signals.
Game clock signals
STOP THE
STOP THE CLOCK
FOR FOUL
CLOCK
CLOCK
Open palm
One clenched fist
START THE
Chop with hand
Scoring
1 POINT
1 finger, 'flag' from wrist
2 POINTS
2 fingers, 'flag' from wrist
3 POINTS
3 fingers
extended
One arm:
Attempt
Both arms:
Successful
Substitution and Time-out
SUBSTITUTION
BECKONING-IN
Cross forearms
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CHARGED TIME-OUT
Form T, show index
finger
CANCEL SCORE, CANCEL PLAY
Scissor-like action with arms, once
across chest
MEDIA TIME-OUT
Open arms with
clenched fists
VISIBLE COUNT
Counting while moving the
palm
DIRECTION OF PLAY
COMMUNICATION
SH
OT CLOCK RESET
AND/OR OUT-OFBOUNDS
Thumb up
Rot
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Point in direction of play,
arm parallel to sidelines
HELD BALL/JUMP BALL
SITUATION
Thumbs up, then point
in direction of play using
the alternating
possession arrow
ILLEGAL DRIBBLE:
DOUBLE DRIBBLING
Violations
ILLEGAL
DRIBBLE:
CARRYING
THE BALL
TRAVELLING
Rotate fists
Patting motion
with
palm
3 SECONDS
Half rotation with palm
5 SECONDS
Arm extended, show 3
fingers
8 SECONDS
Show 5 fingers
Sho
w 8 fingers
DELIBERATE
24 SECONDS
BALL
RETURNED TO BACKCOURT
Fingers touch shoulder
FOOT BALL
Wave arm front of body
Point to the foot
Type of Fouls
BLOCKING (DEFENSE),
ILLEGAL SCREEN (OFFENSE)
HOLDING
PUSH
ING OR
CHARGIN
G
WITHOUT
THE BALL
HA
NDCHECKING
Grasp wrist downward
Both hands on hips
Imitate push
Grab palm and forward
motion
ILLEGAL USE OF
HANDS
CHARGING WITH
THE BALL
Strike wrist
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HIT TO THE HEAD
ILLEGAL CONTACT
TO THE HAND
Strike the palm
towards the other
forearm
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EXCESSIVE
SWINGING
OF ELBOW
Swing elbow backwards
B
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Imitate the contact to the head
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FOUL ON THE ACT OF SHOOTING
FOUL NOT ON THE ACT OF SHOOTING
One arm with clenched fist, followed
by indication of the numbers of free
throws
One arm with clenched fist,
followed by pointing
to the floor
DOUBLE FOUL
FOUL
TECHNICAL
Wave clenched fists on both hands
AFTER FOUL WITHOUT FREE THROW(S)
Point in direction of play, arm parallel to
sidelines
UNSPORTSMANLIKE
FOUL
FOUL
DISQUALIFYING
Form T, showing palms Grasp wrist
upward
Clenched fists
on both hands
AFTER FOUL BY
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1 FREE THROW
2 FREE THROWS
3 FREE THROWS
Hold up 1 finger
Hold up 2 fingers
Hold up 3 fingers
Administrating Free Throws – Active Official (Lead)
1 FREE THROW
2 FREE THROWS
3 FREE THROWS
1 finger horizontal
2 fingers horizontal
3 fingers horizontal
Administrating Free Throws – Passive Official (Trail &
Centre)
1 FREE THROW
2 FREE THROWS
3 FREE THROWS