Translation Practice
Name:
Date:
KEY
Pd:
Explain how proteins that are all composed of the same 20 amino acids differ among organisms
The order of the amino acids will vary
Use the following table to answer questions 1-5
First letter in code
U
C
A
G
mRNA codon Table
Second letter in code
U
C
A
Phe
Ser
Tyr
Phe
Ser
Tyr
Term
Leu
Ser
Leu
Ser
Term
Leu
Pro
His
Leu
Pro
His
Leu
Pro
GluN
Leu
Pro
GluN
Ileu
Thr
AspN
Ileu
Thr
AspN
Ileu
Thr
Lys
Met
Thr
Lys
Val
Ala
Asp
Asp
Val
Ala
Val
Ala
Glu
Val
Ala
Glu
Third letter
In code
U
C
A
G
G
Cys
Cys
Term
Trp
Arg
Arg
Arg
Arg
Ser
Ser
Arg
Arg
Gly
Gly
Gly
Gly
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
Amino Acids
Alanine (ala)
Arginine (arg)
Lysine (lys)
Methionine (met)
Asparagine (aspN)
(start codon)
Aspartic acid (asp)
Cysteine (cys)
Phenylalanine (phe)
Proline (pro)
Glutamine (gluN)
Glutamic acid (glu)
Serine (ser)
Threonine (thr)
Glycine (gly)
Histidine (his)
Tryptophan (trp)
Tyrosine (tyr)
Isoleucine (ileu)
Valine (val)
Leucine (leu)
Terminator codons
(term)
Use this given the following DNA strand to answer the following questions.
ATGAAAAGCAGGCCATATTAA
1. Write the complementary DNA strand
TACTTTTCGTCCGGTATAATT
2. Transcribe the complementary DNA from #1 into mRNA:
AUGAAAAGCAGGCCAUAUUAA
3. Translate the mRNA into #2 into Amino Acids: Met-Lys-Ser-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Term
4. How many proteins were coded for in the DNA message?
One
5. The end of the tRNA molecule that is complementary to the mRNA codon is called the anticodon
6. Translate the mRNA below to list the amino acids that would result from this sequence.
AUGAUCGACUAAAUGAAGCCGUGA __met-ileu-asp-term-met-lys-pro-term________
7. How many proteins would be represented by the strand in question 6? _two__________
8. How many amino acids are represented in your answer to question 6?
six _________
9. List the codon(s) for each of the following amino acids.
a. Asparagine AAU, AAC
b. Threonine ACU, ACA, ACG, ACC
c. Lysine
AAA, AAG
d. Valine GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG
10. Write the name of the amino acid coded by each of the following mRNA codons.
a. CCU Proline
b. CAC Histidine
c. ACG Threonine
d. UUU Phenylalanine
e. GAG Glutamic Acid
f. UCU Serine
11. Write the DNA code for each of the following amino acids.
a. Cysteine ACA, ACG
b. methionine
TAC
c. Proline
d. Tyrosine
12. Which nucleic acid carries the amino acids to the mRNA?
GGA, GGG, GGT, GGC
ATA, ATG
tRNA
13. Write the name of the amino acid coded by each of the following DNA codes.
a. TTT lysine
b. TAG isoleucine
c. GCG Arginine
d. GTA histidine
e. CGT Alanine
f. CCT Glycine
What do you know?
14. Identical molecules are the result of what process?
DNA Replication
15. What must be broken for a DNA molecule to “unzip”? Hydrogen Bonds
16. A codon is found on what nucleic acid?
mRNA
17. An anticodon is found on what nucleic acid?
tRNA
18. At what cell structure does protein synthesis take place?
19. A polypeptide consists of a long chain of these.
Amino acids
20. How many bases are needed to pick up an amino acid?
21. What process is represented
by the picture below?
replication
ribosome
Three
22. What process is represented
by the picture below?
transcription
Label the structures in the diagram.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
amino acid
tRNA
anticodon
codon
mRNA
rRNA (ribosome)
polypeptide
23. What process occurred to make E? transcription
24. What process is occurring in the diagram to make G?
translation