Patient Education on Medication
Name of the
Drug
Trade and
Generic
Trade:
Kefzol,
Ancef
Generic:
Cefazolin
Classification
Therapeutic:
Anti-infectives
Action
Bind to
bacterial cell
wall
Pharmacologic: membrane,
first generation causing cell
cephalosporins death.
Adult dosing
Side effects
Contraindications Special
precautions
IM, IV (Adults): Moderate to
severe infections— 500 mg–
2 g q 6–8 hr (maximum 12
g/day). Mild infections with
gram-positive cocci — 250 –
500 mg q 8 hr.
Uncomplicated urinary tract
infections — 1 g q 12 hr.
Pneumococcal pneumonia
— 500 mg q 12 hr. Infective
endocarditis or septicemia
— 1 – 1.5 g q 6 hr.
Perioperative prophylaxis —
1 g given 30 – 60 min prior
to incision. Additional 500
mg – 1 g should be given for
surgeries �2 hr. 500 mg – 1
g should then be given for
all surgeries q 6 – 8 hr for
24 hr postoperatively.
CNS: SEIZURES
(high doses). GI:
CLOSTRIDIUM
DIFFICILE
ASSOCIATED
DIARRHEA
(CDAD),
diarrhea,
nausea,
vomiting,
cramps.
Hypersensitivity
to
cephalosporins;
Serious
hypersensitivity
to penicillin.
Derm:
STEVENSJOHNSON
SYNDROME,
rashes, pruritis,
urticaria.
Hemat:
agranulocytosis,
eosinophilia,
hemolytic
anemia,
neutropenia,
thrombocytopenia.
Local: pain at
IM site,
Renal
impairment
(dosage
increase and/or
increase dosing
interval
recommended
for: cefadroxil
and cephalexin,
if CCr less than
or equal to 50
mL/min, and
cefazolin, if CCr
less than 30
mL/min;
History of GI
disease,
especially colitis; Geri: Dose
adjustment due
to age-related
decrease in
renal function
may be
necessary; OB,
Lactation: Halflife is shorter
and blood
levels lower
during
Patient Education on Medication
phlebitis at IV
site.
pregnancy;
have been used
safely.
Misc: allergic
reactions
including
ANAPHYLAXIS
and SE- RUM
SICKNESS,
superinfection.
Name of the
Drug
Trade and
Generic
Trade:
Toradol
Generic:
ketorolac
Classification
Therapeutic:
nonsteroidal
antiinflammatory
agents,
nonopioid
analgesics
Action
Inhibits
prostaglandin
synthesis,
producing
peripherally
mediated
analgesia.
Also has
Pharmacologic: antipyretic
and antipyrazoline
carboxylic acid inflammatory
properties
Adult dosing
Side effects
Contraindications Special
precautions
PO (Adults less than 65 yr):
20 mg initially, followed by
10 mgq4–
6hr(nottoexceed40mg/day).
CNS:
drowsiness,
abnormal
thinking,
dizziness,
euphoria,
headache.
Hypersensitivity;
Cross-sensitivity
with other
NSAIDs may
exist;
Preoperative use;
Active or history
of peptic ulcer
disease or GI
bleeding; Known
alcohol
intolerance
(injection only);
Coronary artery
bypass graft
(CABG) surgery;
Cerebrovascular
bleeding;
PO (Adults greater than or
equal to 65 yr, less than 50
kg, or with renal
impairment): 10 mg q 4 – 6
hr (not to exceed 40
mg/day).
IM (Adults less than 65 yr):
Single dose — 60 mg.
Multiple dosing — 30 mg q
6 hr (not to exceed 120
mg/day).
EENT:
increases
lacrimation
(spray), nasal
discomfort
(spray), throat
irritation
(spray).
Cardiovascular
disease or risk
factors for
cardiovascular
disease (may
increase risk of
serious
cardiovascular
thrombotic
events,
myocardial
infarction, and
stroke,
especially with
prolonged use
or use of higher
doses); avoid
use in patients
Patient Education on Medication
IM (Adults greater than or
equal to 65 yr, less than 50
kg, or with renal
impairment): Single dose —
30 mg. Multiple dosing —
15 mg q 6 hr (not to exceed
60 mg/day).
IV (Adults less than 65 yr):
Single dose — 30 mg.
Multiple dosing — 30 mg q
6 hr (not to exceed 120
mg/day).
IV (Adults greater than or
equal to 65 yr, less than 50
kg, or with renal
impairment): Single dose —
15 mg. Multiple dosing
Intranasal (Adults less than
65 yr): 1 spray in each
nostril q 6 – 8 hr (not to
exceed 4 sprays in each
nostril/day).
Intranasal (Adults greater
than or equal to 65 yr, less
than 50 kg, or with renal
impairment): 1 spray in only
one nostril q 6 – 8 hr (not to
exceed 4 sprays in one
nostril/day).
Resp: asthma,
dyspnea.
CV: HF,
MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION,
STROKE,
edema, pallor,
vasodilation.
GI: GI
BLEEDING,
abnormal taste,
diarrhea, dry
mouth,
dyspepsia, GI
pain, increases
liver enzymes,
nausea.
GU: oliguria,
renal toxicity,
urinary
frequency.
Derm:
EXFOLIATIVE
DERMATITIS,
STEVENSJOHNSON
SYNDROME,
TOXIC
EPIDERMAL
NECROLYSIS,
Advanced renal
impairment or at
risk for renal
failure due to
volume
depletion;
Concurrent use
of pentoxifylline
or probenecid;
OB: Chronic use
in 3rd trimester
may cause
constriction of
ductus
arteriosus. May
inhibit labor and
increase
maternal
bleeding at
delivery.
with recent MI
or HF; Heart
failure;
Coagulation
disorders; Mildto- moderate
renal
impairment
(decrease dose
may be
required);
Hepatic
impairment
Patient Education on Medication
pruritus,
purpura,
sweating,
urticaria.
F and E:
hyperkalemia.
Hemat:
prolonged
bleeding time.
Local: injection
site pain.
Neuro:
paresthesia.
Misc: allergic
reactions
including,
anaphylaxis.
Name of the
Drug
Trade and
Generic
Classification
Action
Adult dosing
Side effects
Contraindications Special
precautions
Patient Education on Medication
Trade:
Sodium
Chloride
Generic:
Normal
Saline
Therapeutic:
Crystalloid
Fluid
Pharmacologic:
treat or
prevent
sodium loss
caused by
dehydration,
excessive
sweating, or
other causes.
reduce some
types of
bacteria.
clean out an
intravenous
(IV) catheter,
Average normal adult daily
requirements range from
two to three liters (1.0 to
1.5 liters each for insensible
water loss by perspiration
and urine production).
febrile
response,
infection at the
site of injection,
venous
thrombosis or
phlebitis
extending from
the site of
injection,
extravasation,
and
hypervolemia
evaluated
clinically from
patient to
patient. If the
implementation
of normal saline
results in dilution
of serum
electrolyte
concentrations,
overhydration,
congested states,
or pulmonary
edema, then its
use is strongly
discouraged
Store Normal
Saline at room
temperature
away from
moisture and
heat.