b;sydih
7 fY%aKsh
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
m%:u uqøKh
-
2015
fojk uqøKh
-
2016
f;jk uqøKh
-
2017
isjqjk uqøKh
-
2018
miajk uqøKh
-
2019
ihjk uqøKh
-
2020
ish¨ u ysñlï weúß‚
ISBN 978-955-25-0275-0
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska
fkd( 2$60" rjqï mdr" Èjq,msáh" iriaj;S m%ldYk wdh;kfhys
uqøKh lrjd m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,È'
Published by : Educational Publications Department
Printed by
: Saraswathi Publications, No. 2/60, Circular Road, Divulapitiya.
ii
Y%S ,xld cd;sl .Sh
Y%S ,xld ud;d
wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d
iqkaor isßnßkS" iq/`os w;s fidanudk ,xld
OdkH Okh fkl u,a m,;=re msß ch N+ñh ruHd
wmyg iem isß fi; iokd Ôjkfha ud;d
ms<s.kq uek wm Nla;s mQcd
kfuda kfuda ud;d
wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d
Tn fõ wm úoHd
Tn u h wm i;Hd
Tn fõ wm Yla;s
wm yo ;=< Nla;s
Tn wm wdf,dafla
wmf.a wkqm%dfKa
Tn wm Ôjk fõ
wm uqla;sh Tn fõ
kj Ôjk foñfka ks;sk wm mqnqÿ lrka ud;d
{dk ù¾h jvjñk /f.k hkq uek ch N+ñ lrd
tl ujlf. ore le, neúkd
huq huq ù fkdmud
fm%au jvd ieu fNao ÿ/r Þ kfuda kfuda ud;d
wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d
iii
wms fjuq tl ujlf. orefjda
tl ksjfiys fjfikd
tl mdge;s tl reêrh fõ
wm lh ;=< ÿjkd
tneúks wms fjuq fidhqre fidhqßfhda
tl f,i tys jefvkd
Ôj;a jk wm fuu ksjfia
fid¢k isáh hq;= fõ
ieug u fu;a lreKd .=fKkS
fj<S iu.s oñkS
rka ñKs uq;= fkd j th u h iem;d
lsis l, fkdu Èrkd
wdkkao iurfldaka
iv
fmrjok
ÈhqKqfõ ysKsfm; lrd .uka lrkd j;auka f,djg" ks;e;skau wjeis jkqfha jvd;a
kjH jQ wOHdmk l%uhls' tu`.ska ks¾udKh l< hq;af;a ukq.=Koï imsreKq yd
l=i,;dj,ska hqla; oremrmqrls' tlS W;a;=x. fufyjrg cj n,h imhñka" úYaùh
wNsfhda. i`oyd Èßfhka uqyqK Èh yels isiq mrmqrla ks¾udKh lsÍu i`oyd iydh ùu
wmf.a mru j.lSu jkafka h' bf.kqï wdOdrl iïmdok ld¾hh fjkqfjka il%Sh
f,i ueÈy;a fjñka wm fomd¾;fïka;=j ta fjkqfjka odhl;ajh ,nd fokafka
cd;sfha oreoeßhkaf.a keK myka o,ajd,Sfï W;=ï wÈgfkks'
fm<fmd; úfgl oekqï fldaIaGd.drhls' th ;j;a úfgl wm úkaokd;aul f,djlg
o le`ojdf.k hhs' tfiau fï fm<fmd;a wmf.a ;¾l nqoaêh jvjd,kafka wfkalúO
l=i,;d mqnqÿ lrjd.kakg o iqúi,a t<s oyrla fjñks' úÿìfuka iuq.;a Èkl jqj
wmßñ; wdorfhka iaurKh l< yels u;l" fm<fmd;a msgq w;r oejà Tn iu`.ska
w;aje,a ne`o tkq fkdwkqudk h' fï fm<fmd; iu`.u ;j ;j;a oekqï wjldY msß
biõ fj; ks;s mshuksñka mßmQ¾K;ajh w;a lr.ekqug Tn ieu ksr;=rej wem lem
úh hq;= h'
ksoyia wOHdmkfha uydk¾> ;Hd.hla fia fï mqia;lh Tn foda;g msßkefï'
fm<fmd;a fjkqfjka rch jeh lr we;s iqúi,a OkialkaOhg w¾:iïmkak w.hla
,nd Èh yelafla Tng muKs' fuu mdGH .%ka:h ukdj mßYS,kh lrñka keK .=K
msß mqrjeishka ù wkd.; f,dj taldf,dal lrkakg oefha ish¨ ¥ orejka fj; Èßh
iúh ,efíjdhs yoj;ska iqn m;ñ'
fm<fmd;a iïmdok ld¾hh fjkqfjka wm%udK jQ iïm;Aodhl;ajhla iemhQ f,aLl"
ixialdrl yd we.hqï uKav, idudðl msßjrg;a wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
ld¾h uKav,fha ieug;a udf.a yomsß m%Kduh mqo lrñ'
mS' tka' whs,mafmreu
wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
biqremdh
n;a;ruq,a,
2020'06'26
v
kshdukh yd wëlaIKh
mS' tka' whs,mafmreu wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
fufyhùu (
ví,sõ' ta' ks¾u,d mshiS,s
wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ^ixj¾Ok&"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
iïnkaëlrKh
tA' tï' wd¾' fla' wêldß
ksfhdacH flduidßia"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
m%§ma b÷ks,a mshr;ak ^2020 uqøKh&
iyldr flduidßia"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
ixialdrl uKav,h
uydpd¾h moauisß lkakka.r
uydpd¾h rdÊ fidaufoaj
b;sydi wOHhk wxYh"
Y%S chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h'
mqrdúoHd mYapd;a Wmdê wdh;kh"
le,Ksh úYajúoHd,h"
fld<U 07'
wdpd¾h wkQId fiakdêrdcd
fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h"
l,d yd ixialD;sl mSGh"
kef.kysr úYajúoHd,h'
pkaÈud ksYdks O¾umd,
fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h"
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
f,aLl uKav,h
wdpd¾h frdays; oikdhl
fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h"
fmardfo‚h úYajúoHd,h'
fÊ' tï' iqo¾udj;S
fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h"
le,‚h úYajúoHd,h'
ví' tA' iuka;s Ysfrdaud,d .=Kj¾Ok iyldr lÓldpd¾h"
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
tï' ã' ;s,l,;d .=re fiajh"
iS' ví' ví' lkakka.r u'ú"
fnd/,a,'
vi
k,Ska nKavdr .=re fiajh"
l=reúg uOH uyd úoHd,h"
l=reúg'
fïß fvdfkagd lkHd fidhqßh
hQ' t,a' tï' niS¾
úY%dñl ksfhdacH úÿy,am;sks
úY%dñl .=re WmfoaYl
NdId ixialdrl
tï' tA' tï' ouhka;s
kj wdo¾Y m%d:ñl mdi,a ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sh" wOHdmk wud;HdxYh
msgljr ks¾udKh
ví,sõ' biqß uOqIdks
mß.Kl wxYh"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
mß.Kl wlaIr ixfhdackh iy msgq ieliSu
ví,sõ' biqß uOqIdks
vii
mß.Kl wxYh"
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j'
viii
mgqk
1' wfma mer‚ ck Ôú;h
1 - 15
wd¾Ólh
ixialD;sh
16 - 34
2' wfma lS¾;su;a rcjre
udkjïu rc fm<m;
rdcH md,k ixúOdk
úchndyq rc;=ud
uyd mrdl%undyq rc;=ud
ksYaYxlu,a, rc;=ud
35 - 52
3' wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh
wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh hkq l=ula o@
iamDYH Wreuh
wiamDYH Wreuh
53 - 61
4' miqld,Sk md,k uOHia:dk
ye¢kaùu
oUfo‚ rdcOdks iuh
hdmyqj
l=reKE.,
.ïfmd<
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5' hqfrdamfha mer‚ YsIagdpdr
62 - 75
.%Sl YsIagdpdrh
frdau YsIagdpdrh
ix
x
1
wfma mer‚ ck Ôú;h
ye`Èkaùu
wfma rfÜ b;sydih .ek f;dr;=re
±k .ekSug wms fndfyda wdYd lruq' tA
ksid b;sydih ms<sn| ,shd we;s fmd;a
m;a" m;a;r" iÕrd" l;kaor wdÈh ks;r
lshùug wms mqreÿ ù isáuq' w;S;fha
wfma rg md,kh l< rcjreka" NslaIQka
jykafia,d m%uqL wd.ñl kdhlhka"
md,k lghq;=j,g iïnkaO ks,Odßka
wdÈ msßia ms<sn| fukau jeõ wuqKq wdÈh
.ek o fï jk úg wms fndfyda f;dr;=re
oksuq' fï mdvu hgf;a w;S;fha wfma
rfÜ Ôj;a jQ jeishkaf.a ck Ôú;hg
wod< f;dr;=re Tng bÈßm;a flf¾'
lDIsl¾udka;h
w;S;fha wfma rfÜ isá fndfyda
fofkl= Ôj;a jQfha .ïj, h' j¾;udk
ck;dj fuka fkdj Tjqka b;d ir,
Ôú; .; l< msßils' Tjqkaf.a wjYH;d
o iSñ; úh' hemSu i|yd wjYH jk
wdydr mdk ksIamdokh lr .ekSu" Tjqka
uqyqK ÿka m%Odk wNsfhda.hla úh' fuu
wNsfhda.h ch .ekSug fndfydafokd
lDIsl¾udka;h m%Odk Ôjk jD;a;sh f,i
f;dard .;ay' tl, lDIsl¾udka;h" fyaka
j.dj fyj;a f.dv f.dú;ek yd l=Uqre
j.dj fyj;a uv f.dú;ek jYfhka
m%Odk wxY folla hgf;a isÿ úh'
wd¾Ólh
w;S;fha § wfma rfÜ Ôj;a jQ ck;dj
Ôjfkdamdh i|yd úúO jD;a;Skaj,
kshe¨Ky'
f.dú;ek"
fjf<|du"
úúO l¾udka;" i;aa;aj md,kh tjeks
jD;a;Skaj,g WÞyrK fõ' ta wkqj mqrdK
Ôjk rgdj m%Odk fËa;% ;=kla hgf;a
isÿ jQ nj fmfka'
fyaka j.dj
fyaka f.dú;ek f.dv f.dú;ek
hkqfjka o ye¢kafõ' tÈfkod Ôú;fha
hemSu i|yd wjYH OdkH" t<j¿" w,
j¾. jeks oE fyakaj, j.d flß‚' j¾Id
c,fhka fyaka j.d lghq;= isÿ lr we;'
z lDIsl¾udka;h
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lDIsl¾udka;h
z fjf<|du
f.dú;ek
fyaka f.dú;ek
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න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
i;a;aj md,kh
l=Uqre f.dú;ek
^uv f.dú;ek&
1
fyaka j.dj f,dalfha mer‚ u f.dú;eka
l%uh f,i o ie,fla' Y%S ,xldfõ o fyaka
f.dú;ek jvd;a mer‚ f.dú;eka l%uhla
f,i ie,lsh yels h'
le,E .sks ;nd t<s fmfy<s lr
ilia lr.kakd ìula fyakla f,i
ye¢kafõ'
Wïu.a. cd;lfha —fiaka˜
hkqfjka o fi,a,smsj, —msgìï˜ hkqfjka
o w;S;fha mej;s fyaka y÷kajd we;'
fyakla i|yd f;dard.kafka uy le,Efõ
ìuls' th f.dùka jdih lrk m%foaYhg
;rula wE;ska msysgd ;sì‚' fyakla
flàu tla f.dúhl=f.a fyda iduQyslj
lsysm fofkl=f.a Y%ufhka o isÿ lr we;'
ldjka;siai rdcH iufha reyqKq
m%foaYfha msysá .sß kï ckmofha
ksfi,aúáh .fï jdih l< tla;rd
mjq,l ifydaorhka mia fofkl= tl;=
ù jkhla t<s fmfy<s lr W÷ jemsÍug
fyakla ilia lsÍu ms<sn| l;d mqj;la
uydjxifha i|yka fõ'
fyakla ilia lr .ekSfï §
f.dúhdg b;d fjfyi uykais ù lghq;=
lsÍug isÿ úh' wiajekak fk<d .ekSu
olajd fyaka f.dúhd l< hq;= ld¾hhka
lsysmhls'
fyaka j.d l< wdldrh(
1' fyakla ilia lsÍu i|yd iqÿiq ìula
f;dard .ekSu'
2' le,h lmd iqoao mú;% fldg fyak .sks
;eîu'
3' ±j o~q wdÈh mq`Miaid ìu ieliSu'
tf,i w¨;ska .sks ;nd ilia lr .;a
N+ñh kj±,s fyaklaa f,i ye`oskafõ'
tjeks fyaka b;d ireidr lDIs ìï
f,i ie,fla'
rEmh 1'1 kjoe,sfyak
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
2
4'
w,ska" W!rka" f.dakqka" b;a;Ejqka"
j÷rka jeks jk i;=kaf.ka fyak
wdrlaId lr .ekSug;a wiajekak
fk<d . k a k d ;= r e f y a k fyd ¢ k a
/ln,d .ekSug;a fyaka f.dúhdg isÿ
úh' tys § fyak wdrlaId lr .ekSug
w;S; f.dùyq úúO l%u wkq.ukh
l<y'
Ø o~q jeg ;ekùu
6'
tla jrla fyda fojrla j.d
lr wiajekak fk<d .ekSfuka miqj
fyak w;yer ouhs' fyaka ìu kej;;a
le,Ejla njg m;ajk w;r fyaka
f.dúfhda j.d lghq;= i|yd fjk;a
ìï m%foaYhla f;dard .;ay'
fyaka j.d lghq;= i|yd le;s" Wo¨"
oE le;s jeks ir, WmlrK Ndú; lr
we;'
Ø .sksue, .eiSu
Ø me,a /lSu
5'
j¾Id ld,h t<fUk úg fyakaj,
fNda. j.d lsÍu werô‚' tAjdfha
fndfyda úg lgqir fNda. j.d lr
we;' ;Kyd,a" fufkaß" l=rlalka
jeks OdkH j¾. tjeks lgqir fNda.
lsysmhls' tfia u uqx" uE" wuq" bÕ=re"
wn" we,a ù" ;," lmq" Wla wdÈh o
;síngq" jïngq" w¿mqyq,a" jÜglald
jeks t<j¿ o bkak," n;, jeks w,
j¾. o fyakaj, j.d l< nj idys;H
.%ka:j, i|yka fõ'
uq,a ld,fha § ù j.dj o fyaka
j.djla f,i mej;=‚' fyakaj, j.d
l< ù" we,a ù f,i y÷kajhs' we,a ù
j.d l< fl;a fyj;a fyaka we,a fyaka hkqfjka y÷kajhs' we,a yd,a ms<sn|
mer‚ idys;H lD;sj, i|yka fõ'
ÿgq.euqKq rcqf.a mq;a id,sh l=udrhdg
tu ku ;nk ,oafoa tA l=urd Wmka
ld,fha we,a ù wiajekak by< .sh
ksid hehs iSy<j;a:q kï mer‚
.%ka:fha ±lafõ' id,s hkq we,a ùj,g
fhdok ;j;a kuls' w;S;fha we,a ù
we;eï úg l=Uqrej, o j.d flßK'
r;a we,a" ìì<s we,a" b¢ we,a wdÈh
fyakaj, j.d l< we,a ùj,g WÞyrK
fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
rEmh 1'2
mer‚ hq.fha Ndú; l< lDIs WmlrK
lsysmhla
3
fyaka j.dfõ § f.dúhd Ndú; l<
úúO jpk o wmg yuq fõ' wkqrdOmqr
hq.h ;rï wE; ld,fha Ndú; l< tn÷
jpk wo olakg ke;;a my; i|yka
uE; ld,Sk jpk fyaka nia jyr f;areï
.ekSug m%fhdackj;a h'
kj±,s fyak ¡ w¨;ska .sks;nd ilia
l< fyak
l%shdldrlu
fyaka f.dú;ek weiqfrka my;
j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
j.d l<
fNda.
úfYaI
,laIK
Ndú;
Ndú;
l<
l<
WmlrK jpk
.sks hd;sldj ¡ fyak .sks;eîug fmr
i;=ka mkakd yeÍug
isÿ l< lE .eiSu
ye,s lgd
¡ ysig
j<|la
kud
idod.kakd ,o mUhd
uv f.dú;ek
fyaka j.djg wu;rj w;S;fha
jvd;a m%p,s;j mej;s j.d l%uh uv
f.dú;ek fõ' l=Uqre f.dú;ek" jdß
f.dú;ek hk kïj,ska o uv f.dú;ek
ye¢kafõ' uv f.dú;ek fndfyda úg
jdß c,fhka isÿ lr we;' jeõ wuqKq bÈ
lr we< ud¾. Tiafia l=Uqrej,g c,h
,ndf.k ;sfí' j¾Id c,fhka l=Uqre j.d
lsÍu o iq`M jYfhka isÿ úh'
mjq,l hemSu i|yd l=Uqrla j.d
lsÍug mjqf,a Y%uh m%udKj;a jqj;a
ck.ykh jeä ùu;a iu. j.d l< ìï
m%udKh o jeä lsÍug isÿ úh' wkqrdOmqr
rdcOdks wjêfha iEu .ulg u tla jejla
ne.ska ;snQ nj fidhdf.k we;' fuu
jeõ" .ï jeõ hkqfjka y÷kajhs' mer‚
Ys,d ,smsj, jeõ yñl" jms yñl f,i
y÷kajd we;af;a .ï jeõ ;ekjQ wh fyda
tn÷ jeõ whs;sj isá wh úh yels h'
rEmh 1'3 mUhd
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
úYd, jYfhka l=Uqre j.d lsÍug
.ï jeõj, c,h m%udKj;a fkdùu
ksid rcjre úYd, jeõ wuqKq bÈ
l<y' ñkafkaßh jej ;ekjQ uyfika
rcq miq ld,fha § ñkafkaß foúhka f,i
m%p,s; jQfha jdß l¾udka;hg l< úYsIag
fiajh ksid h'
4
ù j.d lsÍu j¾Ihlg fojrla isÿ ù
we;' tAjd lkak hkqfjka y÷kajhs' tjeks
lkak folla ms<sn`oj ks;r i|yka fõ'
Ø uy lkakh
Ø h, lkakh
fuu lkak folg wu;rj we;eï
úg ueo lkakhla o j.d lr we;'
f;daks., Ys,d ,smsfha wl, yi
^uy lkakh& uoyi ^ueo lkakh& msg ov
yi ^h, lkakh& hkqfjka lkak ;=kla
mej;s nj i|yka fõ'
ó .jhka ne¢ k.=, fhdÞ .ksñka
l=Uqr j.djg iqÿiq mßÈ mi nqre,a lsÍu
isÿ lrhs' th iS iEu f,i ye¢kafõ'
mia fmr<Ssu ksid j,a me< ;e,S fmdä ù
iajdNdúlj u fmdfydr njg m;a fõ'
j¾;udkfha Ndú; lrk hka;% iQ;%j,ska
N+ñhg ydks isÿ jQj;a mqrdK iS iEfï l%u
mßirhg wys;lr fkd ù h'
j.djg wjYH c,h r|jd ;nd
.ekSug;a l%udkql+,j c,h msg;g
heùug;a iqÿiq mßÈ f.dúhd úiska ,shÈ
ilia lsÍu isÿ lrk ,È' l=Uqr ilia
lr .ekSfuka miqj ù j¾. jemsÍu isÿ
flß‚'
rEmh 1'4 iS iEu
ù j.d lsÍu i|yd l=Uqrla ilia
lr .ekSug f.dúhdg fndfyda fjfyi
ùug isÿ úh' tA i|yd f.dúhd isÿ l<
hq;= ld¾hhka .Kkdjla úh'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ù j.djg jeä jYfhka lDóka
yd l=re,a,ka jeks i;=kaf.ka ydks isÿ
fõ' ù jemsÍfï isg wiajkq fk<d .kakd
f;la f.dhu wdrlaId lr .ekSug úúO
idïm%Þhsl l%u Ndú; lr ;sfí'
5
z kshrj, iy l=Uqf¾ ;ek ;ek
fmd,ams;s isgqùu
z f;,a fmdÕjk ,o myka ;sr
m;a;= lsÍu tjeks idïm%Þhsl l%u
lsysmhls
f;,a fmdÕjk ,o myka ;sr l+Uqf¾
m;a;= lsÍu isÿ lf<a frÈ mdkalv brd
;sr f,i wUrd ó f;f,ka fmdÕjd lÿre
fldagqj, ne|Sfuks' ueiaika u¾okh
lsÍug fuu iajdNdúl l%uh w;S;fha
b;d u ckm%sh úh'
k.=," fmdare" oEle;s yd Wo¨ jeks
WmlrK l=Uqre f.dú;eka lghq;=j,
§ fhdÞ f.k ;sfí' ksis mßÈ f.dhï
meiqKq úg l=Uqf¾ wiajekak fk<Su wrUd
we;' w;S;fha § th uq`Mukska u isÿ jQfha
ñksia Y%ufhks' lmd.;a f.dhï yrl=ka
fhdÞf.k md.d ,nd .;a ù mßyrKhg
.kakd f;la wdrlaId iys;j ;ekam;a
lsÍu i|yd lghq;= lr we;'
mer‚ f.dúfhda fï i|yd ù
ìiaila ks¾udKh l<y'
lel=`M iy,a yd ;eïnQ iy,a
hkqfjka ù ilia lr f.k wdydrhg
fhdÞ f.k we;' fkd ;eïnQ ù fldgd
lel=`M iy,a idÞ .kakd w;r ù ;ïnd
fõ,d fldgd .ekSfuka ;eïnQ iy,a idÞ
.kshs'
B<Õ lkakfha j.d lghq;= wdrïN
lrk f;la mqrdK .eñfhda OdkH
j¾. wdrËdlr .ekSug úúO l%ufõo
wkq.ukh l<y'
rEmh 1'5 merKs oEle;a;la
rEmh 1'6 iduQysl j f.dhï lemSu
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
6
l%shdldrlu
uv f.dú;ek weiqfrka my; j.=j
iïmQ¾K lrkak'
j.d l< úfYaI
lkak
,laIK
Ndú;
l<
jpk
Ndú;
l<
WmlrK
i;a;aj md,kh
by; i|yka l< fyaka f.dú;ek
yd l=Uqre f.dú;ek yereKq úg
i;a;aj md,kh o tl, m%Odk Ôjk
l%uhla f,i mej;s‚' i;aa;aj md,kh
hkq uia" lsß" ì;a;r wdÈh ,nd .ekSu
ms‚i fuka u lDIsl¾udka;h yd
m%jdykh jeks lghq;= i|yd fhdÞ
.ekSug i;=ka we;s lsÍu h' fuys §
.jhd" t`Mjd" l=l=<d" W!rd" jeks i;=ka
w;S;fha isg furg i;a;aj md,khg
fhdÞ f.k we;'
rEmh 1'7 ù ìiai
uv f.dú;efka § Ndú; l< jpk
f.dhï ueãu
f.dhï fld<h
lu;
¡- f.dhï mE.Su
¡-lmd .;a f.dhï
tl;= fldg ilia lr
.;a f.dhï f.dv
¡f
- .dhï mE.Su
isÿ l< ia:dkh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
.jhd hkq lsß ,nd .ekSug fuka
u lDIsl¾udka;h yd m%jdykh i|yd
o fhdÞ .;a i;aa;ajfhls' fï ksid .j
md,kh mer‚ iudcfha fndfyda m%p,s;j
;sì‚' lssß ,nd .ekSu i|yd fhdÞ .;a
.j fokqka lsß f.ß f,i y÷kajd we;'
w;S;fha § lsß" § lsß" fudare" .sf;,a"
fj~re jYfhka .jhdf.ka fmdaIK øjH
myla ,nd f.k we;' fïjd mia f.da ri
hkqfjka ye¢kafõ' w;S;fha § uia ms‚i
.jhka we;s lsÍu isÿ fkd jQ w;r .j uia
wdydrhg .ekSu m%p,s;j fkd ;snq‚' .j
md,kfha § .jhka /l n,d .ekSu iy
;K leùu wdÈfhys ksr; jQ mqoa.,hka
f.dm,a,ka f,i ye¢kaú‚' mer‚
uQ,dY%hj, fuu mqoa.,hka Ôj;a jQ .ï
f.damd, .ï f,i olajd we;'
7
uydjxifha
i|ykajk
mßÈ
mKavqldNh rc;=ud <ud ld,h .; lr
we;af;a fodruv,dj kï f.dm¨ .fï h'
j¾;udkfha fuka ÈhqKq m%jdyk
l%u w;S;fha fkd ;snqKq ksid NdKav
yd ñksiqka m%jdykh lsÍu i|yd .jhka
ne|slr;a; fhdÞ f.k we;' .e,a ójqka"
.e,a f.dka hkqfjka m%jdyk lghq;=j,g
fhdÞ .;a .jhka y÷kajd ;sfí' .jhkaf.a
msfÜ NdKav /f.k hdu ;j,u f,i
ye¢kafõ'
ì;a;r" uia wdÈh ,nd .ekSu i|yd
l=l=`M md,kh mej;sK' óg wu;rj lsß
yd uia ,nd .ekSug t`Mjka we;s l< nj
fmfka'
rEmh 1'8 ;j,u
rEmh 1'9 i;=ka fhdÞ f.k f.dhï ueãu
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
8
l¾udka;
w;S; ck;djf.a úúO wjYH;d
i|yd l¾udka; ìys lrf.k ;snq‚' tla
tla NdKav yd øjH ksIamdokh lsÍug
úfYaI yelshdjla we;s msßia fuu l¾udka;
wdYs%;j jev l<y' fï msßia Ys,amSka f,i
ye¢kajQ w;r we;eï úg lKavdhï f,i
Ôj;a jQy' wuqøjH myiqfjka ,nd .; yels
m%foaY wdY%s;j l¾udka; ìys ù ;snQ nj
fmfka' my; i|yka jkafka tfia mej;s
l¾udka; lsysmhls'
l¾udka;h
Ys,amSka
ksIamdÈ; NdKav
f,day
^hlv" ;U" rka" ߧ&
hlv jev lrkakka
lDIs WmlrK
le;s" fmdfrda" oEle;s" k.=,a"
ÿKq" lvq" m,sy" fy,a,
f,dal=rejka
r;%x jev lrkakka rkalrejka
^iaj¾Kldr&
ud," j<¨" lrdnq" ysi m,|kd wdÈh
;U wdYs%; Ys,amSka
^;Ulr&
;U ks¾udK
rEmh 1'10 jïmiska" hlv l¾udka;h i|yd Ndú; lrk uhskyu
ol=Kq miska" mqrdúoHd leŒïj,ska yuq jQ mer‚ hlv weK lsysmhla
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
9
l¾udka;h
ueá
Ys,amSka
j<x idokakka
^l=ïNldr$l=U,a¨&
ksIamdÈ; NdKav
W`M" .fvd,a" j<x
rEmh 1'11 ilfmdarej Ndú;
lrñka ueá NdKav ;ekSu
l¾udka;h
Ys,amSka
ksIamdÈ; NdKav
Wla
me‚" yl=re" iSks
lmq ^fmaI l¾udka;h&
fmfyldr
frÈ ms<s
ue‚la
u‚lr
ue‚la lemSu" Tm ±óu
l%shdldrlu
w;S; Y%S ,xldfõ l¾udka; ms<sn| f;dr;=re weiqfrka my; j.=j
iïmQ¾K lrkak'
l¾udka;h
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
Ys,amSka
ksIamdok
NdKav
Ndú; l< Wmdx.
10
fjf<|du
fjf<|du hkq w;S; ck;djf.a
;j;a tla m%Odk Ôjfkdamdh l%uhls' fï
ksid w;S; Y%S ,xldfõ ÈhqKq fjf<|dula
mej;sK' j¾;udkfha fuka w;S;fha § o
fjf<|du fohdldrhlska isÿ úh'
1' rg we;=<; isÿ l< fjf<`Þu
2' ráka msg; úfoaY rgj,a iu. isÿ l<
fjf<|du
rg
fjf<|du
fjf<|du
fjf<|du
we;=<; fjf<|du wNHka;r
f,i;a" úfoaY rgj,a iu.
ndysr fjf<|du fyda úfoaY
f,i;a ye¢kafõ'
wNHka;r fjf<|du
wNHka;r fjf<|du i|yd nyq,j
NdKav yqjudre l%uh isÿ jqj;a ldis
Ndú;h b;d iq`M jYfhka ;sìK'
NdKavhlg NdKavhla yqjudre lr
.ekSu NdKav yqjudrej kï fõ' NdKav
ñ, § .ekSug uqo,a f.úh hq;= jqj;a fuys
§ uqo,a fjkqjg NdKav ,nd §u u.ska
f.ùu isÿ fõ'
fjf<|du ÈhqKq ùu;a iuÕ fjf<|
k.r ìys úh' wkqrdOmqrh" ud.u tjeks
fjf<| k.r folls' we;eïúg fun÷
fjf<| k.r uQ,dY%hj, zzks.uZZ hkqfjka
y÷kajd we;' fjf<|dfuka Okj;a jQ wh
fuu k.rj, Ôj;a jQy' fï msßia w;r
foaYSsh fuka u úfoaYSsh ckhd o isá nj
fmfka' fjf<|dug iïnkaO wh fjk u
lKavdhula f,i ixúOdkh jQy' tjeks
fjf<| ixúOdk —mq.˜ hkqfjka y÷kajd
we;' úfoaYSh fjf<kaoka ixúOdkh ù isá
fjf<| fY%a‚ lsysmhla úh' kdkdfoais
iy j,[aðhd¾ tu fjf<| fY%a‚j,g
WÞyrK fõ' fï tla tla fjf<| fY%a‚
;u wkkH;dj ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd
ixfla; Ndú; lr we;' tAjd uqød f,i
ye¢kafõ'
rEmh 1'12 wïmdr rc., mqrdúoHd N+ñfhka ,enqKq
yiatnq lydmK ldishla ^jïmi ldish o ol=Kqmi wkqrejla o ±lafõ&
yiatnq lydmK hkq oekg jir fooyilg muK fmr ,xldfõ Ndú; jQ uq,a u ldis
úfYAIhls' ßosfhka ;ekjQ fuu ldisfha m;% iys; .ila" yia;s rEmhla yd iQ¾hhd wdÈ
ixfla; fhdod we;' l%s' mQ m<uqjk ishji jk úg wkqrdOmqrh yereKq úg fiiq m%foaYj,
o ldis Ndú;h m%p,s;j ;snQ nj wïmdr m%foaYfhka fuu ldish ,eîfuka meyeÈ,s fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
11
k.rj,g
wu;rj
fjf<\ug
iïnkaO fjf<| .ï o mej;sK' mÜgk
.ï fyda mgqka .ï hkqfjka tn÷ fjf<|
.ï y÷kajd we;' k.rfha fjf<|ie,aj,
úúO NdKav úlsKSu isÿ úh'
j<x" frÈ ms<s" wdNrK" lEu îu
Bg WÞyrK fõ'
ud.u isg meñ‚ iqrksu, fhdaOhd
wkqrdOmqrfha msysá fjf<| ie,lska iqj|
ú,jqka ñ, § .ekSfï isoaêhla ms<sn|
uQ,dY%hj, i|yka fõ'
y;rjk Woh rc;=ud ^l%s' j' 946- -¡
-954& uyshx.K úydrhg meñ‚ wjia:djl"
tA wi, fidrfndr m%foaYfha msysá
fydamsá.uq fjf<|fmdf<ys wlghq;=lï
isÿ jk njg m%foaYjdiSyq rcqg meñ‚,s
l<y' tu wlghq;=lï k;r lrùu i|yd
rc;=ud úiska Ys,d ,smshla msysgqjk ,È'
th nÿ¨ geï ,smsh f,i ye¢kafõ' tys
±lafjk fjf<|fmd< md,khg wÞ<
kS;s Í;s lsysmhla fufia h'
Ô fjf<|fmd<g f.fkk NdKav
fmr u.g f.dia fkd .; hq;= h'
Ô wkqu; fkd l< ;rdÈ mä Ndú;
fkd l< hq;= h'
úfoaY fjf<|du
Y%S ,xldj bkaÈhka id.rfha uOH.;
j msysgd ;sîu ksid w;S;fha isg u
úfoaYSh rgj,a iu. b;d ÈhqKq fjf<|
iïnkaO;d mj;ajd we;' bkaÈhdj" Ökh"
frdauh" m¾ishdj" wrdìh" iy w.aksÈ.
wishd;sl rgj,a o ta w;r úh'
tjlg rfÜ ;snqKq we;a o;a" uq;="
ue‚la" l=`Mnvq" T!IO j¾." jákd ±j"
wdÈh fuka u we;=ka o úfoaY rgj,g
fjf<|dï flßKs' Y%S ,xldj r;ak§m
^ue‚la Èjhsk& hkqfjka w;S;fha §
y÷kajd we;af;a wfma rg ue‚laj,g
m%isoaOj ;snqKq ksid h'
msÕka" fiao frÈ" iqj| ú,jqka"
fukau wYajhska o úfoaaY rgj,ska furgg
f.k ú;a ;sfí'
Y%S
,xldfõ
oUfld<
mgqk
^lkalika;=f¾ msysá& udf;dg ^ukakdrfï
msysá&" f.dalKaK ^;%sl=Kdu,fha msysá&"
f.dvjdh ^yïnkaf;dg msysá& jeks
jrdhka úfoaY fjf<|dfï § jeo.;a úh'
msgráka f.kajk NdKav ^wdkhkh lrk
,o& iy msgrg hjk NdKav ^wmkhkh
lrk ,o& f.dvnEu iy megùu isÿ lf<a
fun÷ jrdhka u.sks'
Ô nq,;a"
mqjla
wdÈh
kshñ;
uKavmj, ;nd úls‚h hq;= h'
Ô fjf<|fmd<g f.fkk NdKav
úl=Kqfjd;a ñi tajd fjf<|fmd<
yryd f.k .shdg nÿ wh fkd l<
hq;= h'
l%shdldrlu
mer‚ ,xldfõ wNHka;r fjf<|du
ms<sn|j jdlH myla ,shkak'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
rEmh 1'13 Y%S ,xldfjka yuq jQ Ök ueá n÷ka
12
mqrdúoHd leŒï u.ska w;S;fha
furgg wdkhkh l< úfoaYSh NdKAvj,
fldgia" fuka u úúO rgj,g wh;a
ldis j¾. o fidhd f.k we;' wkqrdOmqr
rdcOdksh md,kh l< Nd;sldNh rc;=ud
rejkaje,siEh w,xldr lsÍug ilia l<
m,|kdjg wjYH mn¿ f.kajd .ekSu
i|yd frdauhg furáka ¥;hka hejQ nj
uQ,dY%hj, i|yka fõ' fuu fjf<|
lghq ; = nyq , j is ÿ lf<a uq y q ÿ ud¾.
l%shdldrlu
úfoaY fjf<|du ms<sn| f;dr;=re
weiqßka my; i|yka j.=j iïmQ¾K
lrkak'
fjf<|dug
iïnkaO
rgj,a
wdkhkh wmkhkh Y%S ,xldfõ
lrk ,o lrk , o jrdhka
NdKav
NdKav
ixialD;sh
rEmh 1'14 Y%S ,xldfjka yuq jQ mqrdK Ök ldis lsysmhla
Tiafia h' NdKav yd ñksiqka m%jdykh
lsÍug tla tla m%udKfha keõ fhdÞ
.eksK' fï ksid bkaÈhdj" m¾ishdj
jeks rgj,g wh;a keõ ksrka;rfhka u
,xldjg meñ‚ njg f;dr;=re ,efí'
Y%S ,xldjg wh;a ;Ügq yd mä
fma<sj,ska hqla; Yla;su;a keõ Ökfha
jrdhj, ;snQ nj Ök uQ,dY%hj, i|yka
fõ'
úfoaYSh fjf<| lghq;= md,kh
lsÍug o úúO ks,Odßka fhdÞ ;sì‚' fï
w;=ßka jrdh wdY%s;j lghq;= l< ks,Odßka
^f¾.= ks,Odßka& ms<sn| f;dr;=re ,eî
we;'
jrdhj,g meñfKk keõj,ska nÿ
tl;= lsÍu fuu ks,Odßkag wh;a ld¾hla
úh' WÞyrKhla f,i f.dvjdh jrdfhka
wh lr.;a f¾.= nÿ .ek i|yka fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
Y%S ,xldj hkq úúO ck lKavdhïj,g
wh;a ck;djla jdih lrk rgls' isxy,"
oñ<" uqia,sï hkq tlS ck lKavdhï fõ'
fï wh tla tla ixialD;Skaj,g wh;a
fõ' fï ksid wfmaa rfÜ úúO cd;Skag
wh;a ixialD;sl ,laIK ±l .; yels h'
ixialD;sh hkq lsishï iudchl Ôj;ajk
ck lKavdhul weoys,s" úYajdi" isß;a
úß;a" iudc mqreÿ" we÷ï me,÷ï" wdydr
rgdj" wdpdrO¾u" riúkaokh wd§ ,laIK
ish,af,a u tl;=jla f,i ±laúh yels h'
foajdkïmsh;siai rc;=udf.a md,k
iufha § wfma rgg nqÿoyu y÷kajd §fuka
w;S; iudch ;=< úYd, mßj¾;khla
isÿ úh' fï ksid iudchg úkhla yd
YslaIKhla ,enq‚' tlsfkldg Wmldr
lr .ekSu fyj;a wfkHdakH iyfhda.h
j¾Okh úh' Þ.eí bÈ lsÍu" úydrdrdu
;ekùu" jeõ wuqKq ne£u" uxudj;a
ieliSu jeks fmdÿ lghq;=j, § ish¨
fokd tAlrdYS ù iduQyslj lghq;= l< nj
fmfka' tn÷ .=Kdx. j¾;udk iudchg
jqj o w;S;fhka ,nd .; yels uyÕ=
wdo¾Y fõ' w;S; iudcfha mej;s hym;a
isß;a úß;a ms<sìUq jk wjia:d lsysmhla
WÞyrK jYfhka f.k fï ;;a;ajh
;jÿrg;a úuid n,uq'
13
w;a;ï l%uh
Y%uhg Y%uh yqjudre lr .ekSu
w;a;ï l%uh f,i ir,j y÷kajd Èh yels
h' wfma rfÜ Ôj;a jqKq fndfyda msßilf.a
Ôjfkdamdh jQfha lDIsl¾udka;h jqj;a tA
i|yd fhdÞ.;af;a mjqf,a Y%uh hs' tfy;a
f.dhï lemSu jeks lghq;= i|yd úYd,
msßilf.a Y%uh wjYH úh' fï i|yd
f.dùyq wi,ajdiSka ;u lghq;=j,g
iïnkaO lr .;ay' fï ksid tlsfkld
w;r iqyoYS,S nj iyfhda.h yd Wmldr
lsÍu jeks .=Kdx. j¾Okh úh'
;udg l< Wmldrhg m%;sWmldr
lsÍula f,i f.dúhd wfkla whf.a
lghq;= i|yd tA yd iudkj Y%ufhka Þhl
ùfï l%uh w;S; iudcfha mej;sK' fuh
w;a;ï l%uh f,i yeÈkaúKs'
idudkH ck;dj muKla fkd j
w;S; rcjreka o f.dú;eka lghq;=j,g
iïnkaO jQ wdldrh ms<sn| l:d mqj;a
uQ,dY%hj, i|yka fõ' wkqrdOmqr rdcOdks
wjêfha rc l< uydpQ,s uyd ;siai rc;=ud
Y%ñlfhl= f,i fjiaj<df.k l=Uqrl
wiajkq fk<Sug iyNd.s ùfï l:d mqj;la
ms<sn| i|yka fõ'
újdyh
újdyh hkq iEu mqoa.,fhl=f.a
u Ôú;fha iqúfYaIS wjia:djls' w;S;
iudcfha újdyh hkak b;d f.!rjkSh
fohla f,i ie,lsK' tA ukao h;a mjq,
kue;s tAllh f.dvkef.kafka újdyh
ksidh' w;S;fha § ;u mjq,g" fm<m;g
.e<fmk újdyhla ¥ mq;=kag isÿ lr
§ug foudmsfhdaa fjfyiS lghq;= l<y'
foudmshkaf.a leue;a; yd wdYS¾jdo ueo
isß;a úß;a bgq lrñka újdy Ôú;hg
we;=`M ùu w;S; ck iudcfha ms<s.;a
l%uh úh' pß;j;a yd .=Kj;a f,i ye§
jevqKq orejka jeäysáhkaf.a m%idohg
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
,la úh' j¾;udkfha fuka úis;=re
ú,dis;djkaf.ka hqla;j fkdjqK;a w;S;
újdy l%uh pdï" w¾:j;a yd f.!rjdkaú;
f,i isÿ úh'
foudmsh /ljrKh hgf;a Èh‚hka
ye§ jeäh hq;= úh' wdydr ms<sfh, lsÍu"
ksjfia msßisÿ lghq;=" w,xlrK lghq;=
iïnkaOj fyd| mqyqKqjla Tjqka ,eìh
hq;= úh'
Èh‚jreka iQm Ydia;%fhka ^wdydr
msiSu& olaIhka lsÍu" foudmshkaf.a
j.lSula
nj
iyiaij;a:qmlrKfha
i|yka fõ'
id,sh
l=udrhdf.a
ìij
jQ
wfYdalud,d rij;a f,i wdydr ms<sfh,
l< nj ioaO¾ud,xldrfha i|yka fõ'
iQm Ydia;%fhka olaI ldka;djka
uOqmdÑld hkqfjka uQ,dY%hj, i|yka
lr we;'
w;S;fha § orejka ;u mjq, fmdaIKh
lsÍug yd th ukd f,i mj;ajdf.k
hdug foudmshka hgf;a § mqreÿ mqyqKq jQ
wdldrh wmg fyd| wdo¾Yhls'
wjux.,H
w;S; iudcfha wjux.,H lghq;=
ms<sn|j n,k úg úúO ck fldgiaj,g
fjka jQ iqidk N+ñ ;sî we;' wdÞykh"
wdÞykfhka miq NiaudjfYaI N+uÞk
lsÍu iy uD; foay jk.; fidfydkaj,
;ekam;a lsÍu isÿ lr we;'
mKavqldNh rdcH wjêfha u<
isrere f.k hdug fidfydka m,a,ka
150la o pKavd, l=,fha wh i|yd fjk
u u iqidk N+ñhla o fjka lr ;snQ
nj uydjxifha i|yka fõ' u< isrere
froaolska T;d ueiail ;nd y;r fofkl=
Tijdf.k .sh nj we;eï uQ,dY%hj,
i|yka fõ'
14
hï lsis mqoa.,fhl= ñh.sh miq tu
;eke;a;df.a ×;Ska B<Õg tu mjqf,a
isák m%Odkshdg we;eï úg wjux.,H
lghq;= ioyd ñ, uqo,a mß;Hd. lr
we;' lsishï wd¾Ól wmyiq;djla isÿ
jqjfyd;a Bg ms<shula f,i tjeks i;a
ld¾hhka isÿ lrkakg we;' ×;sfhl=f.a"
wi,ajdishl=f.a úm;l § fyda ÿll §
fkd mels,sj msysgùug bÈßm;a ùu wfma
mer‚ ck;dj i;= Wiia .=Kdx.hla úh'
l%shdldrlu
w;S; ck iudcfhka j¾;udk
iudchg .; yels wdo¾Y hk
uefhka rpkdjla ,shkak'
wd.ñl ia:dkhla bÈßfhka .uka
.kakd
úg wju`.=,a fmryrj, u<
fnr jdokh fkd lsÍu o tjlg mej;s
pdß;%hls'
isß;a úß;a yd idrO¾u
È.= b;sydihla we;s wfma iudch
isß;a úß;a yd idrO¾uj,ska fmdfydi;a
h' ;u hq;=lï .ek ie,ls,a,la ±lajQ
w;S; ckhd jeäysáhkag .re lsÍu"
ie,lSu jeks foa fkd msßfy<d bgq l<y'
idudkH ck;dj muKla fkdj rcjreka
o ;u foudmshkag ie,l+ wdldrh ms<sn|
WÞyrK uQ,dY%hj,ska yuq fõ' wkqrdOmqr
rdcOdks wjêfhA rc l< wgjk w.a.fndaê
rc;=ud ;u ujg wem Wmia:dk l<
wdldrh uydjxifha i|yka fõ'
Èjd rd;%S ujg Wmia:dk lsÍfuka
rc;=ud fndfyda i;=gg m;aj we;' w¨hï
ld,fha § u tu Wmia:dk lghq;= mgka
f.k —f;,a .,ajd" ysi msßueo" oyäh
msßisÿ fldg iqj| ú,jqka .,ajd weh
ie;emamS h' ksh lmd msßisÿ fldg weh
keyeù h' iqj myiq we÷ï wkaojd ;u
oE;ska u ls,sá jia;% msßisÿ lf<a h˜ hkdÈ
jYfhka uydjxifha tA .ek olajd ;sfí'
w;S; ckhd wd.udkql+, yd Od¾ñl
Ôú; .; l< msßils' ;udf.a Yla;s
m%udKfhka Þkudk wdÈh foñka l=i,a
/ia lr .ksñka hym;a mqrjeishka f,i
Ôj;a jQ msßila nj w;S; f;dr;=rej,ska
meyeÈ,s fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
15
2
wfma lS¾;su;a rcjre
ye`Èkaùu
wkqrdOmqr rdcH iuh uq,a
Nd.fha wfma rfÜ isá fY%aIaG md,lhka
jQ mKavqldNh" foajdkïmsh ;siai"
ÿgq.euqKq" j,.ïnd" jiN" uyfika"
Od;=fiak jeks rcjreka .ek yhjk
fY%a‚fha § Tng bf.kSug ,enq‚'
wkqrdOmqr rdcH iuh w. Nd.fha yd
fmdf<dkakre hq.fha § rfÜ hym;
fjkqfjka úYd, lemùula l< lS¾;su;a
rcjreka lsysm fofkl= ms<sn| fuu
mdvfuka úia;r flf¾'
udkjïu rdcH iuhg fmr
mej;s foaYmd,k ;;a;ajh
jiN rc;=ud ,ïnl¾K rc
fm<m;g wh;a md,lfhls' Od;=fiak
rcq fu!¾h jxYslfhls' wkqrdOmqr hq.fha
jeä ld,hla furg md,k n,h ork
,oafoa by; lS ,ïnl¾K yd fu!¾h
rc fm<m;aj,g wh;a md,lhka úisks'
tfy;a we;eï wjia:dj, foaYmd,k n,h
,nd .ekSu ms‚i fuu rc fm<m;a fol
w;r n, wr., mej;=‚' udkjïu rc;=ud
n,hg m;aùug jir 50lg muK fmr
ld,fha § o ,ïnl¾K yd fu!¾h rc
fm<m;a w;r fun÷ foaYmd,k .egqula
mej;=‚' tu ld,mßÉfþofha § furg
foaYmd,k lafIa;%fha olakg ,enqKq lemS
fmfkk ,laIK lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
? wNHka;r .egqï ksid rfÜ ia:djr
md,khla ìys fkd ùu
? igka i|yd rfÜ iïm;a úYd,
f,i úkdY ùu
? rdcH n,h ,nd .ekSfï igka
i|yd fomd¾Yajfha u kdhlhka
ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq yuqÞ furgg
f.kaùu
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
? foaYmd,k .egqï fya;= fldg
f.k rfÜ wd¾Ól mßydkshla we;s
ùu
udkjïu rc;=ud ^l%s'j' 684-718&
udkjïu hkq fojk liaim
rcqf.a mqf;ls' fojk liaim rcq l%s' j'
650 § muK n,hg meñK jir kjhla
rg md,kh lf<a h' lsishï frda.hlska
fojk liaim rcq ñh hk úg udkjïu
l=ure nd, jhfia miq jQ nj fmfka'
tfia u fojk liaim rcqf.a wNdjfhka
miqj o md,k n,h ,nd .ekSu i|yd
.egqï mej;=‚' fuu .egqïj,g iïnkaO
fkd jQ udkjïu l=ure wdrlaIdj m;d
wm%isoaOj Ôj;a úh' tjlg md,lhd jQ
fojk ÞfGdam;siai rcq udkjïu l=ureka
.ek fiú,af,ka miq jQ fyhska tu l=ure
miqj bkaÈhdjg m,d .sfha h'
bkaÈhdfõ m,a,j rdcOdkshg
m,d .sh udkjïu l-=ure m<uqjk
krisxyj¾uka kï m,a,j rcqg ys;j;aj
fiajh lr we;' fufia udkjïu l=ure
m,a,j rcqf.a igkaj,g iydh ,nd§u
ksid tA rc;=ud" l=ure .ek meyeÿfKaah' tA
ksid m<uqjk krisxyj¾uka rcq lD;.=K
ie,lSula jYfhka udkjïu l=ureg
yuqÞjla ,nd § ,xldjg meñK n,h
,nd .ekSug Wmldr lf<a h' udkjïu
l=ureka tu yuqÞj iu. furgg meñK
fojk ÞfGdam;siai rcqg tfrysj igka
wdrïN lr we;' tfy;a igk lrf.k
hoaa§ bkaÈhdfõ isá m,a,j rcqg wikSm ùu
ksid iydhg meñ‚ yuqÞfjda bkaÈhdjg
.shy' fï ksid igk w;r u. k;r
fldg wdrlaIdj m;d udkjïu l=ureg
o h<s bkaÈhdjg hdug isÿ úh' fufia
kej; jrla bkaÈhdjg .sh udkjïu
l=ure ;u wruqK bgq lr .ekSu i|yd
iydhl yuqÞjla ,nd .ekSug ;j;a jir
20la muK m,a,j rcqg fiajh lf<a h'
16
tjlg m,a,j rcq jQ fojk krisxyj¾uka
kej; jrla yuqÞjla ,nd ÿka fyhska tu
yuqÞjka iu. ,xldjg meñ‚ udkjïu
l=ure furg md,lhd jYfhka isá
y;a:ÞG rcq mrdchg m;a fldg l%s' j' 684
§ rclu ,nd .;af;a h'
udkjïu l=ureka rclug m;aùu
furg b;sydifha jeo.;a isÿùuls'
udkjïu l=ure n,hg m;a ùug fmr
jir 50l muK ld,hla rfÜ wNHka;r
.egqï W;aikakj mej;Su ksid foaYmd,k
;;a;ajh yd wd¾Ólh msßyS ;snq‚' jir
20lg jeä ld,hla m,a,j rdcHfha .;
lsÍug isÿùu ksid udkjïu l=ureg
rclu ,nd .ekSug yels jQfha Ôú;fha
ueÈ jhfia § muK h' tfy;a ;j;a jir
35la muK È.= ld,hla furg md,k
lghq;= fufyhùug udkjïu rcqg
yelshdj ,enq‚' fï ksid kej; jrla
rfÜ foaYmd,k ia:djr;ajhla we;s úh'
fu;=udf.a ld,fha § rfÜ idïm%Þhsl
mßmd,k ;ka;%h kej; msysgqjQ nj
fmfka' tjl rclu Wreuhg ysñùfï
idïm%Þhsl ms<sfj; o kej; wdrïN úh'
j,a,N kï mdKavH rcq úYd, yuqÞjla
iu. furg wdl%uKh l< úg m<uqjk
fiak rcqf.a yuqÞj mrdchg m;a úh'
fiak rcq fjkqfjka igka ìug .sh rcqf.a
ifydaorfhl= jQ hqj rcq uyskao l=ureka
yd wdÈmdo liaim l=ureka o igfka §
ñhf.dia we;' ;u yuqÞj mrdchg m;a
ùu;a iu. m<uqjk fiak rcq wdrlaIdj
m;d u,h m%foaYhg m,d .sfha h'
wkqrdOmqr k.rhg we;=`M jQ
mdKavH yuqÞfjda tu k.rh uq`Mukska u
fld,a, lEy' miqj mdKavH rcq yd fiak
rcq w;r idu .súiqula we;s jQ fyhska
mdKavHfhda fiak rcqg kej; rdcH mjrd
wdmiq bkaÈhdjg .shy' fï wdl%uKfha
wruqK ,xldj hg;a lr .ekSug jvd
jákd jia;=j fld,a,lEu nj fmfka'
kej; w.kqjrg meñ‚ m<uqjk fiak
rcq wdl%u‚l yuqÞj w;ska úkdY jQ
m%foaY h<s h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍug
fjfyiq‚' Bg wu;rj ßá., wdrduh"
fÊ;jkdrduh" wNh.sßh jeks úydrdrdu
wdYs%;j kj bÈ lsÍï /ila o lrjd ;sfí'
wêIaGdkYS,Sj yd bjis,sjka;j
lghq;= lsÍfuka ;u wruqK ch.; yels
nj t;=udf.a pß;fhka fmfka' udkjïu
rcqf.ka miq t;=udf.a orefjda ms<sfj<sska
rclug m;a jQy' udkjïu rcqf.a fm<m;
wkqrdOmqr hq.h wjidkh olajd ;j;a
jir 300la muK mej;=‚'
m<uqjk fiak rc;=ud ^l%s'j' 833-853&
m<uqjk fiak hkq udkjïu
mrmqrg wh;a fojk omamq, rcqf.a mqf;ls'
fojk omamq, rcq jir 16la muK rclï
fldg ñh hdfuka miqj Tyqf.a mqf;l= jQ
kjjk w.a.fndaê n,hg m;a úh' Tyqf.a
md,k ld,h jir ;=kls' wk;=rej
w.a.fndaêf.a ifydaorhd jQ m<uqjk
fiak rcq l%s' j' 833 § rclug m;a jQfha h'
m<uqjk fiak rcqf.a md,k ld,h jir
úiails' Tyqf.a md,k ld,fha uq,a Nd.fha
§ ,xldjg mdKavH wdl%uKhla t,a, úh'
fï ld,fha § ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ mdKavH
rdcH n,j;a fjñka mej;s‚' Y%S udr Y%S
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
rEmh 2'1 ßá., fm;auÕ
17
rcqf.a ifydaorhka fofofkl= mdKavHhka
yd l< igfkka ñh .sh fyhska ;j;a
ifydaorfhl= jQ Woh l=ure hqj rclug
m;a flß‚' tfy;a Woh l=ure ál
l,lska lsishï frda.hlska ñh .sfha h'
fï ksid by; igfka § ñh .sh liaim
l=uref.a jeäuy,a mq;= jQ fiak l=ure
hqj rc ;k;=rg m;a fldg Tyqg reyqfKa
md,k lghq;= Ndr flß‚'
fojk fiak rc;=ud ^l%s' j' 853-887&
fojk fiak hkq m<uqjk fiak
rcqf.a ifydaorfhl= jQ mdKavH wdl%uKfha
§ ñh .sh by; lS liaim wdÈmdohkaf.a
mqf;ls' m<uqjk fiak rcqf.a wNdjfhka
miqj tjlg hqj rc ;k;=r orñka isá
fojk fiak rclug m;a úh' Tyqf.a rdcH
ld,h jir ;siamyla muK jk w;r tu
ld,fha § rfÜ iduh mej;=‚' foaYmd,k
jYfhka mej;s iduldó ;;a;ajh ksid
rfÜ mer‚ Y%S úN+;sh kej; we;s lrñka
wd¾Ól yd Ydiksl lafIa;%fha úYd, jev
fldgila isÿ lsÍug fojk fiak rcqg
yelshdj ,enq‚'
m<uqjk fiak rcqf.a ld,fha §
i;=re wdl%uK ksid úkdY jQ ish,a,
h<s f.dvke.Sfï lghq;= fojk fiak
rcq úiska iïmQ¾K lrk ,È' Ydiksl
ÑriaÓ;sh i|yd isÿ l< fiajhg wu;rj
ñyska;f,a frday,la lrùu" uyje,s
.fÕa u‚fïl,d ^ñksfma& kï m%foaYfha
wuqKla w¨;ajeähd lrùu" ñkafkaßh
jefõ fidfrdõjla ;ekùu wdÈh fojk
fiak rcqf.a uyck Y=N isoaêhg wÞ<
lghq;=j,g WÞyrK fõ'
mdKavH rdcOdksh wdl%uKh lsÍu
Tyqf.a rdcH ld,fha lemS fmfkk
isÿùuls' m<uqjk fiak rcqf.a ld,fha
mdKavHhka furg wdl%uKh fldg
jia;=j meyerf.k hdu .ek fï rcqf.a
isf;a fõokdjla ;sfnkakg we;' tneúka
isÿ jQ wmlS¾;sh uld oud mdKavHhka
meyerf.k .sh jia;=j h<s furgg
/f.k tAug t;=ud wjia:djla fidhñka
isáhd úh yels h' mdKavH l-=ufrl= jQ
fojk jr.=Kj¾uka l=udrhd mdKavH
rdcH Wreuh ioyd l< igkl §
wdOdr b,a,df.k furgg meñŒu ksid
Tyqg iyh msKsi mdKavH rdcOdksh
rEmh 2'2 ñyska;f,A mer‚ frday,a N+ñfha kgnqka
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
18
wdl%uKh lsÍug fojk fiak rcqg isÿ
úh'
fojk fiak rcq ;u olaI
fikam;sfhl= jQ l=ÜGl fifkúhdf.a
m%Odk;ajfhka
hq;a n,j;a yuqÞjla
mdKavH foaYh wdl%uKhg heù h' mdKavH
yuqÞj yd ,dxlsl yuqÞj w;r we;s jQ
igfkka mdKavH yuqÞfjda mrdchg m;a
jQy' mdKavH w.kqjr jQ uÿrdmqrh jg,d
,dxlsl yuqÞj t,a, l< m%ydrfha § Y%S
udr Y%S j,a,N kï mdKavH rcq o urKhg
m;a úh' jr.=Kj¾uka l=udrhd ,dxlsl
yuqÞj úiska mdKavH isxydikhg m;a
lrk ,È' fuys § mdKavHhka ,xldfjka
meyerf.k f.dia ;snQ jia;=j muKla
fkd j mdKavHhkaf.a jia;= iïNdrhla o
/f.k ,dxlsl yuqÞfjda ch.%dyS ,S,dfjka
h<s furgg meñ‚hy' fojk fiak
rcq ,enQ fuu ch.%yKh .ek furg
fi,a,sms lsysmhl i|yka fõ' wkqrdOmqr
Èia;%slalfha msysá bßmskakshdj kï
ia:dkfhka ,enqKq fi,a,smshl l=ÜGd
fikúrÞKka hkqfjka i|yka jkqfha
mdKavH wdl%uKh fufyhjQ l=ÜGl
fifkúhd .ek nj meyeÈ,s h'
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha rdcH md,k ixúOdkh
miqj t;=udf.a mq;a uqgisjg rclu
Wreu ùu
Ø
jeäuy,a ifydaorhdf.ka miqj
nd, ifydaorhdg rclu Wreu ùu
WÞyrKh( ÿgq.euqKq rcqf.ka miqj
t;=udf.a ifydaor ioaOd;siai l=ureg
rclu Wreu ùu
wkd.; rclu Wreu l=urdg <ud
wjÈfha § fyd| wOHdmkhla ,nd §ug
rcjre ie,ls,su;a jQy' NdIdj yeoEÍu yd
f,aLk lghq;= ms<sn| Ydia;%Sh wOHdmkh
,nd fok ,oafoa fndfyda úg NslaIQka
jykafia,d úisks' md,lfhl=g tl,
wjYH jQ lvq Ys,amh" ÿkq Ys,amh jeks
Ys,amSh wOHdmkh tA tA úIh m%ùKhka
hgf;a isÿ úh'
kj rc flfkl= n,hg m;a jQ
miqj wNsfIal W;aijhla meje;aùfï
isß;la ;snq‚' rfcl=f.a wNsfIalh hkq
Tyqf.a j.lSu ks;Hkql+,j Ndr .ekSu
jeks wjia:djls'
rfÜ uOH md,kfha by< u
;eke;a;d rcq jQ neúka Tyqg wh;a
ld¾hhka /ila ;snq‚' my; i|yka
lghq;= tn÷ ld¾hhkag WÞyrK fõ'
uOH md,kh
rcq yd rcqg iydh jQ ks,Odßka
msßila u.ska rg mqrd n, meje;afjk
f,i ixúOdkh ù ;snQ md,k ;ka;%h
uOH md,kh f,i ie,lsh yels h'
rc;=ud uOH md,kfha m%Odkshd úh' tla
rc flfkl=g miqj B<Õ rcq n,hg
m;a jQfha rclu Wreu ùfï idïm%Þhsl
l%uhlg wkqj h' wkqrdOmqr hq.fha §
nyq, jYfhka mej;s rclu Wreu ùfï
l%u folla ;snq‚'
‘ rfÜ kS;sh yd iduh mj;ajdf.k
hdu'
Ø
‘ wêlrK lghq;= fufyhùu'
mshdf.ka miqj mq;dg rclu Wreu
ùu
‘ ndysr
yd
wNHka;r
i;=re
Wjÿrej,ska rg wdrlaId lr .ekSu'
‘ uOH md,khg yd m%foaYSh md,khg
wjYH ks,Odßka m;a lsÍu'
‘ rfÜ wd¾Ól lghq;= yeisrùu yd
whnÿ mekùu'
WÞyrKh ( mKavqldNh rcqf.ka
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
19
rdcH md,k lghq;=j, § rcqg iydh
jQ ks,Odßyq msßila isáhy' hqjrcq ^wkd.;
rclu Wreu ;eke;a;d&" fiakdm;s"
NdKavd.dßl" uyd f,aLl ^f,aLk
lghq;= Ndr m%Odkshd& tu ks,Odß msßi
w;r lemS fmkq‚' rcqg iydh jQ fun÷
ks,Odßkaf.ka iukaú; rdc iNdjla
mej;=‚' rfÜ jeo.;a m%Yak idlÉPd
lsÍu i|yd rcqf.a m%Odk;ajfhka rdc
iNdj /ia jQ nj ksiel h' wkqrdOmqr
hq.fha we;eï Ys,d ,smsj, zwfoljreZ
kï ks,Odßka msßila .ek i|yka fõ'
fuh ixialD; NdIdfõ wOHlaI hkakg
iudk mohls'
zwY wfolZ wYaj wOHlaI ^wYajhka
ms<sn| ld¾hdxYfha m%Odkshd&
zw;s wÈlZ yia;s wOHlaI ^we;=ka
ms<sn| ld¾hdxYfha m%Odkshd&
by;
WÞyrKj,ska
±lafjk
wfol$wÈl hk ks,Odßka tA tA
fomd¾;fïka;= fyj;a ld¾hdxY Ndr
m%OdkSka f,i ie,lsh yels h'
udkjïu rcq n,hg m;a ùug fmr
rfÜ wNHka;r .egqï mej;s iufha §
idïm%odhsl rdcH Wreuh fkd i,ld
we;eï wh n,h ,nd f.k we;' tfy;a
udkjïu fm<m; n,fha isá ld,fha §
mer‚ rdcH Wreu l%uh kej; h:d mßÈ
l%shd;aul úh' fï hq.fha we;eï rcjre
Ys,d ,sms msysgqùfï § ;ud wEmd ^wdÈmdo&
udmd ^uydÈmdo& moú orñka ms<sfj<ska rc
meñ‚ nj lshd ;sfí' wEmd" udmd jeks
by< ;k;=rej,g m;a jQfha rc mjqf,a
l=udrjreka h' fï ksid tu ;k;=re
±Ífuka wkd.; rdcH md,khg wjYH
mqyqKqjla ,enqKq nj fmfka'
m%foaYSh md,kh
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha § rdcH uekúka
ixúOdkh jQ mßmd,k tAllj,g fnÞ
;snq‚' rcqf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s
uOH.; md,khg wu;rj tA tA m%foaY Ndr
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ks,Odßka u.ska m%foaYSh md,kh l%shd;aul
úh' rfÜ w.kqjr jQ wkqrdOmqr k.rh
wjg m%foaY W;=re" ol=Kq" kef.kysr yd
niakdysr jYfhka Èid wkqj fldgiaj,g
fnÞ ;snq‚' óg wu;rj rg fyj;a rÜG
hkqfjka ye¢kajQ mßmd,k m%foaY mej;=‚'
fïjdfha mßmd,k lghq;= fufyhjQ
ks,OdÍka rÜ,ÿ fyj;a rg,oaoka jYfhka
ye|skaú‚'
w.kqjrg neyeßka msysá m%foaY"
u,h rg" udhd rg yd reyqK jYfhka
fjk fjk u mßmd,k ks,Odßka hgf;a
mej;=‚' rdcHfha l=vd u mßmd,k tAllh
.u úh' wkqrdOmqr hq.fha uq,a ld,fha .ï
md,kh l< msßi .ñl hkqfjka y÷kajd
we;' wkqrdOmqr hq.h wjidk Nd.fha
§ .ï md,kh l< wh .ï,oaoka f,i
y÷kajd ;sfí'
rdcH m%;sm;a;s yd iudc Y=NidOkh
rdcH m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul lsÍfï §
my; i|yka lreKq flfrys wkqrdOmqr
hq.fha isá rcjre úfYaI ie,ls,a,la
±lajQy'
‘ rfÜ wdrlaIdj ie,iSu
‘ kS;sh yd iduh mj;ajdf.k hdu
‘ wd¾Ól Y=Nisoaêh we;s lsÍu
‘ Ydiksl wNsjDoaêhg lghq;= lsÍu
udkjïu fm<m; n,fha isá
ld,fha § o fuu uQ,sl m%;sm;a;s tf,i
u l%shd;aul jQ nj fmfka'
rfÜ wdrlaIdj ie,iSu
rfÜ wdrlaIdj ie,iSfï § rcqf.a
fiakdm;s" yuqÞj yd m%foaYSh wêm;sfhda
rcqg iydh jQy' wkqrdOmqr hq.h uq,a
20
Nd.fha § rcqf.a yuqÞj we;a" wia" ßh"
mdn, hk p;=rx.kS fiakdjkaf.ka
iukaú; úh' udkjïu fm<m; n,fha
isá ld,fha § o rcqg Yla;su;a yuqÞjla
isá w;r ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq fyajdhkaf.ka
iukaú; jegqma ,enQ yuqÞ msßila o tA w;r
isá nj fmfka'
,xldfõ rcjre k.r ks¾udKh
lsÍfï § tAjdfha wdrlaIdj .ek ie,ls,su;a
jQy' wkqrdOmqr k.rh wdrïNfha isg
u k.r m%dldr" jdi,a fÞrgq wdÈh mQ¾j
wdrlaIl ixúOdk iys;j f.dvk.d
;snq‚'
foaYSh
fyda
úfoaYSh
i;=re
Wjÿrej,g uqyqK §fï § n,fldgq bÈ
lsÍu yd wdrlaIl ia:dkj, uqrldj,a
fh§u o wdrlaIl Wmdh ud¾.hla jYfhka
mej;=‚'
kS;sh yd iduh mj;ajdf.k hdu
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha § rg ;=< fyd| kS;s
moaO;shla l%shd;aulj mej;s nj fmfka'
udkjïu fm<m; n,fha isá ld,hg
wÞ<j fuu kS;s Í;s lsshd mdk Ys,d ,sms
/ila yuq ù ;sfí' tu kS;s moaO;sh ;=<"
? bvï N=la;sh ms<sn| kS;s
? fjf<|du ms<sn| kS;s
? lDIsl¾uh yd nÿ iïnkaO kS;s
? wmrdO kS;s
jYfhka kS;s j¾. /ila mej;=‚'
l%s' j' 10 ishjig wh;a fõje,aleáh
Ys,d ,smsh tl, mej;s kS;s Í;s .ek i|yka
b;d jeo.;a f,aLkhls' oi.ï md,khg
yd wmrdO kvq úi£ug wÞ< kS;s /ila
tu Ys,d ,smsfhka úia;r flf¾' ia:dk
lsysmhlska fuu Ys,d ,smsfha msgm;a
lsysmhla yuq ù ;sîfuka rcfha kS;s Í;s
uyck;djg ±k .ekSug i,iajd we;s nj
meyeÈ,s fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
wkqrdOmqr hq.h wjidk Nd.fha
§ rcjreka fyda Wiia ks,Odßka hï
hï mqoa.,hkag yd wdh;kj,g úfYaI
n,;, yd jrm%ido mjrd §fï § zwka;dks
lKq j,Z ,shQ f,aLk u.ska uyck;dj
±kqïj;a lsÍug lghq;= lr we;' fï wkqj
wka;dks lKq hkq rdclSh §ukd ms<sn|
i|yka Ys,d ,sms úfYaIhls'
wd¾Ól Y=Nisoaêh
rfÜ wd¾Ól Y=Nisoaêhg wÞ<j ±yeñ
md,khla mj;ajdf.k hdu w;S;fha
furg rdcH m%;sm;a;sh úh' wkqrdOmqr
hq.fha rcjreka jeõ yd jdß ud¾.
;ekùu" tAjd kv;a;= lsÍu .ek uy;a
Wkkaÿfjka lghq;= lf<a th uyck Y=N
isoaêhg w;HjYH neúks'
md,k lghq;=j, § fuka u wh
nÿ mekùfï § o zfmr isß;Z wkqj l%shd
lsÍug rcqg isÿ úh' zfmr isß;Z hkq
l,ska rcjreka wkq.ukh l< ms<s.;a
m%;sm;a;sh fõ' zfmr isß;Z wkq.ukh
lsÍu fld;rï jeo.;a o h;a wkqrdOmqr
hq.h w. Nd.fha we;eï rcjre ;ukaa
zfmr isß;Z fkdblaujd l%shd l< nj Ys,d
,smsj, ,shd ;enQy'
udkjïu fm<mf;a md,k wjêh
jk úg rg ;=< fyd| uQ,H l<ukdlrK
m%;sm;a;shla meje;s njg idlals ;sfí'
y;rjk ñys÷ rcqf.a ^l%s' j' 956 ¡ 972&
ñyska;f,a mqjre ,smsh tl, mej;s uQ,H
l<ukdlrKh ms<sn| b;d jeo.;a
f,aLkhls'
ñyska;f,a
úydrfhys
wNHka;r md,kh yd NslaIQka jykafia,d
ms<smeÈh hq;= isß;a úß;a .ek tu ,smsfha
i|yka fõ' ,smsfha ±lafjk wdldrhg
úydrhg
Èkm;d
,efnk
wdÞhu
f,aLkhl igyka l< hq;= fõ' tfia u
úydrfha lghq;=j,g Èkm;d jeh fjk
uqo, m[aÑld fmdf;a ^mdiafmdf;ys& ,shd
wÞ< ks,Odßkaf.ka w;aika ,ndf.k
uqøs; fmÜáfhys ;eìh hq;= h'
21
rEmh 2'3 y;rjk ñys÷ rcqf.a ñyska;f,a mqjre ,smsh
udih wjidkfha § udifha úhou
fjk u w;afmd;lg f.k ffoksl
f,aLk bj;a l< hq;= fõ' udi fÞ<y
wjidkfha § tA tA úhou f,alï fmdf;a
,shd NslaIQka jykafia,d bÈßfha lshjd
wkque;sh ,nd .; hq;= h'
fï wkqj úydrfha wh jeh ms<sn|
ffokslj yd udislj jd¾;d ;nd j¾Ih
wjidkfha jd¾Isl wh jeh f,aLkhla
ieliQ nj fmfka'
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha rcjre iudc Y=N
idOkh .ek o úfYaI Wkkaÿjla ±lajQy'
tA ms<sn| WÞyrK lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
? nqoaOÞi
rc;=uka
iEu
.ï
oyhlg u ffjoHjrfhl= ne.ska m;a
fldg fjoy,a lrùu'
? m<uqjk Wm;siai rcq wkaOhka yd
frda.Ska i|yd wdfrda.H Yd,d yd Þk
Yd,d msysgqùu'
? isjqjk
liaim
rcq
jix.;
frda.Skag id;a;=j ms‚i wkqrdOmqrfha
wdfrda.HYd,d ;kjd k.rfha fjoy,a
msysgqùu'
Ydiksl wNsjDoaêh
nqÿ oyu furgg ,eîfuka miq iEu
rc flfkl= u mdfya nqoaO Ydikfha
hym; fjkqfjka lghq;= lsÍu furg
b;sydifha lemS fmfkk ,laIKhls'
NslaIQka jykafia,d rdcH wkqYdilhka
f,i lghq;= l< neúka rcq yd Ydikh
w;r fyd| in|;djla mej;=‚' fï ksid
úydrdrdu ;ekùu" tAjdfha kv;a;=jg
wjYH .ï ìï m%odkh" NslaIq wOHdmk
lghq;= i|yd msßfjka msysgqùu we;=`M
Ydikfha Wkak;sh fjkqfjka .; yels
iEu l%shdud¾.hla u .ekSug rcjre
lghq;= l<y'
? m<uqjk Woh rcq fmdf<dkakrej
yd moúfha wdfrda.H Yd,d msysgqjd
tAjdfha kv;a;=jg .ï ìï ms§u'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
22
À
l,dmSh foaYmd,k
m%jK;d yd úfoaY
m%;sm;a;sh
wkqrdOmqr
hq.h
w. Nd.h jk úg ol=Kq
bkaÈhdfõ
foaYmd,k
;;a;ajh furg foaYmd,k
lghq;= flfrys n,mdk
idOlhla njg m;a úh'
fï ksid ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ
foaYmd,k ;;a;ajh .ek
fuys § fláfhka úuid
ne,Su jeo.;a fõ'
fï ld,fha §
,xldj flfrys Rcq
n,mEï t,a, l< ol=Kq
bkaÈhdkq rdcOdks ;=kla
;snqKs'
m,a,j rdcHh
ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ
fpda,
rdcH
mej;s
N+ñhg W;=frka m,a,j
rdcOdksh msysgd ;snq‚
ldxÑmqrh"
m,a,j
rdcHfha w.kqjr úh'
ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ uq,ajrg
úYd, wêrdcH n,hla
f.dvke.=fõ o m,a,jhka
h' ls%' j' 7 ishji jk
úg m,a,jhka Yla;su;a
n,hla f.dvk.d ;snQ w;r 9
jk ishji muK olajd m,a,j
n,h mej;=‚
is;shu 2'1 Y%S ,xldjg wdikak ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq rdcH
mdKavH rdcH
ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ kef.kysr fjr<
wdikakfha ,xldjg b;d iómj mdKavH
rdcH msysgd ;snq‚' ls%' j' 6 jk ishji
wjidk ld,fha isg mdKavH rdcH n,j;a
jQ w;r ,xldjg o tys n,mEï t,a, úh'
uÿrdmqrh mdKavH rdcHfha w.kqjr úh'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
fpda, rdcHh
mdKavH rdcHhg W;=frka ol=Kq
bkaÈhdkq kef.kysr fjr<g wdikakj
fuu rdcH msysgd ;snq‚' j¾;udk
;kafcdarh w.kqjr lr.;a fpda,fhda
we;eï wjia:dj, mdKavH rdcHhg o
tfrysj wdl%uK Èh;a l<y' l%s' j' 9
jk ishji yd 10 ishjfia § fpda,fhda
m%n, rdcHhla msysgqjd wêrdcH n,hla
23
f.dvke.+y' wkqrdOmqr rdcOdksh ì|
jegqfKa o rdc rdc yd rdfÊkaø kï fpda,
rcjreka t,a, l< wdl%uKj,sks'
ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ mej;s fuu
foaYmd,k ;;a;ajhg uqyqK §fï §
,xldfõ rcjre mdKavHhkag tfrysj
m,a,jhka iu. o fpda, n,hg tfrysj
mdKavHhka iu. o tluq;=j lghq;= l<y'
rdIag%l+g jeks ;j;a Ndr;Sh rdcH mek
ke.=Kq úg tu rdcH iu. iu.sfhka
lghq;= lsÍfuka furg rcjre wdl%uK
j,lajd .ekSug W;aidy l<y' ,xldfõ
rcjreka fl;rï
WmdhYS,Sj lghq;=
l<;a bkaÈhdfõ tla tla rdcOdks w;r
mej;s ;r.h;aa n,h jHdma; lr .ekSfï
W;aidyh;a ksid wkqrdOmqr hq.fha
w. Nd.fha § ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq wdl%uK
lsysmhla furgg t,a, úh'
udkjïu rc fm<m; hgf;a
wkqrdOmqr rdcOdksh fi!Nd.Hj;aj
mej;sh;a
miajk
ñys÷
rcqf.a
ld,h ^l%s' j' 982 ¡1029& jk úg uOH
md,kh ÿ¾j, ù wNHka;r .egqï
W;aikakj mej;=‚' jßka jr f.kajQ
ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq yuqÞ tA jk úg wkqrdOmqr
k.rh ;=< isg we;' rfÜ wd¾Ólh ÿ¾j,
ù ;snqKq neúka tlS yuqÞj,g jegqma
f.ùug;a rcqg yelshdjla fkd ;snq‚'
fï ksid ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq yuqÞj rc jdi,
jg,d ;sfí' miajk ñys÷ rc;=ud wdrlaIdj
m;d reyqKq rgg m,d .sfha h' Y%S ,xldfõ
mej;s fï ÿ¾j, foaYmd,k jd;djrKh
bkaÈhdjg wdrxÑ ù rdc rdc kï fpda,
wêrdchd furg wdl%uKh lf<a h' m<uq
jk rdfÊkaø iufha Èjhskg meñ‚
fpda,fhda wkqrdOmqrh" fmdf,dkakrej
we;=`M rcrg m%foaY /ila w,a,d .;ay'
wk;=rej fmdf,dkakrej ;u w.kqjr
lr .;a Tjqyq fpda, wêrdcHfha fldgila
jYfhka rcrg m%foaY md,kh l<y'
fumßoafoka Y;j¾I 14l muK
ld,hla iuDoaêu;a jQ o wNsudkj;a jQ o
YsIagdpdrhlg moku iemhQ wkqrdOmqr
rdcOdksh l%s'j' 1017 j¾Ifha § ì| jegq‚'
wk;=rej jir 53l muK ld,hla fpda,
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
md,kh hgf;a mej;s rcrg úYd,
m%foaYhla tu md,kfhka uqojdf.k
,dxlslhkaf.a wNsudkh kej; f.dv
k.k ,oafoa m<uqjk úchndyq rc;=ud
úisks'
l%shdldrlu
udkjïu
rc
fm<fm;
weiqfrka flá m%Yak fmd;la
ilia lrkak'
uyd úchndyq rc;=ud (l%'s j' 1055 - l%'s j' 1110&
m<uqjk úchndyq rc;=ud fyj;a
uyd úchndyq rc;=ud ,xld b;sydifha
tk fY%aIaG md,lfhls' úchndyq rc;=ud
rc ùug fmr l=vd wjêfha § ls;a;s hk
kñka ye¢kaú‚' l=uref.a mshd uydidñ
fud.a.,a,dk h' uj f,dals;d foaúh hs'
fï rc;=ud .ek yeoEÍfï § jeo.;a jk
uQ,dY%h lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
z uydjxih
z mkdlvqj ;U ikaki
z wU.uqj Ys,d,smsh
l%s' j' 1017 § ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ fpda,
wêrdcHfha md,lhd jQ m<uqjk rdfÊkaø
rc ,xldj wdl%uKh lr miajk ñys÷
rc;=ud isrlrefjl= f,i fpda, foaYhg
/f.k .sfha h' t;eka isg l%s' j' 1070
olajd rcrg md,kh lrk ,oafoa fpda,
md,lhka úisks' fï wjêfha § fpda,hska
furg rdcHhg Wreulï lS l=udrjreka
fidhñka urKhg m;a lsÍug W;aidy
ord we;' miajk ñys÷ rcqf.a mq;a liaim
^úl%undyq& fidhd urd ±óug lSm jrla u
fpda,hka ±rE W;aidyh wid¾:l úh'
miajk ñys÷ rc;=ud l%s' j' 1029 §
fpda, foaYfha § ñh .sfha h' thska miqj
24
,dxlslfhda reyqKq rg uq,a lrf.k fpda,
úfrdaê jHdmdrhla wdrïN l<y'
fï ld,fha § ;ukag úreoaOj
reyqfKa foaYmd,k n,hla f.dvke.Su
je,elaùug fpda,hka WmdhYS,Sj lghq;=
lr ;sfí' tys § fpda,hka wkq.ukh l<
Wmdhka lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
? jßka jr fmdf<dkakrefõ isg
reyqKg lvd je§ iïm;a úkdY
lsÍu
? rdcH Wreulrejka
>d;kh lsÍu
fuu.ska
frdayKh
foaYmd,k
jYfhka wia:djr lsÍug fpda,hka
W;aidy .;a nj fmfka' úchndyq rcq
reyqfKa n,h ,nd .ekSug fmr tu
m%foaYfha md,lhka w;r o tlai;alula
fkd ;snq‚' tu ;;a;ajfhka o fpda,fhda
jdis ,nd .;ay'
úchndyq reyqfKa md,lhd ùu
úchndyq rcqg Tyqf.a <ud ld,fha
isg u Wmldr l< m%N+jrfhla isáfha
h' reyqfKa is;akre ìï nqo,akd fyj;a
nqoaOrdc hkq tlS m%N+jrhd fõ' nqoaOrdc
ls;a;s l=ure we;=`M rc mjq,g wdrlaIdj
imhñka
i;=rkag
tfrysj
igka
fufyhjñka l=ureg reyqfKa n,h
,nd .ekSug Wmldr lf<a h' nqoaOrdc
fikam;sf.a fiajh .ek mkdlvqj ;U
ikakfia f;dr;=re i|yka h' úchndyq
rcqf.a pß;h foi n,k úg <ud ld,fha
isg u i;=rkaf.ka rg ksoyia lr .ekSfï
±ä wêIaGdkfhka Tyq lghq;= l< nj
fmfka'
fuu wruqK bgq lr .ekSug l%shd
lsÍfï § uq,ska u reyqfKa rclu ,nd
.ekSu i|yd igka lsÍug ls;a;s l=ureg
isÿ úh' tjlg reyqfKa md,lhd jQ
flaYOd;= ldYHmhka iu. we;s jQ .egqfï
mkdlvqj ;U ikaki
fï ikaki ol=Kq m<df;a fudrjla fldar,fha mkdlvqj kï .fï l=Uqrl
;sî yuq úh' fuys rc;=udf.a <ud ld,fha isg u f;dr;=re i|ykaj we;' <ud
ld,fha § fu;=udg wmuK ÿla .eyeg ú£ug isÿ jQ nj fuu ikakfia i|yka
fjhs' wdydr mdk mjd fkdue;sj fndfyda ÿla .eyeg ueo jdih lr ;sfí' tys
§ l=ure we;=`M foudmshkag /ljrKh i,iajd we;af;a nqoaOrdc fyj;a is;akre
ìïys nqo,akd kï fikam;sfhls' fudyq tl, reyqfKa isá ck m%Odksfhls' nqo,akd
fj; ,nd ÿka jrm%ido /ila .ek fï ikakfia i|yka fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
25
rEmh 2'4 úchndyq rcq wkqrdOmqrfha bÈ l< ud,s.dfõ kgnqka
§ nqoaOrdc we;=`M msßi l=ureg fndfyda
Wmldr lr ;sfí' fï igkaj,ska flaYOd;=
ldYHm mrdch jQ neúka ls;a;s l=ure
1055 § l;r.u md,k uOHia:dkh lr
.ksñka m<uqjk úchndyq kñka rc úh'
,xldj fpda, n,fhka ksoyia lr .ekSu
m<uqjk úchndyq reyqfKa n,hg
m;a ù jeä ld,hla hdug fmr fpda,fhda
reyqK wdl%uKh lf<da h' rcq n,h ia:djr
lr .ekSug fmr rcqf.a yuqÞj úkdY lr
±óu fpda,hkaf.a wruqK úh' tfy;aa rcq
fï nj ±kf.k u,h m%foaYhg ^l÷lr
m%foaYhg& m,d.sh neúka fpda,hkaf.a
wruqKq bgq fkd ù h' fpda,fhdaa reyqK
fld,a,ld fmdf<dkakrejg .shy' kej;
frdayKhg f.dia iajlSSh foaYmd,k
n,h f.dvk.ñka isá úchndyq rc;=ud
wkd.; igkg wjYH úfoaY wdOdr
,nd .ekSug nqreuh iu. ñ;% in|;d
f.dvk.d .;af;a h' úchndyq rcq hgf;a
reyqfKa foaYfm%aó igkla ms<sfh, jk
nj wdrxÑ jQ rcrg jeishka fpda,hkag
nÿ f.ùu kj;d Tjqkag tfrysj ler,s
.eiQ nj jd¾;d fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
,xldfõ ;u md,khg tfrysj
,dxlslhka ixúOdkh jk nj weiQ fpda,
wêrdchd fmdf,dkakrefõ isá fpda,
md,lhdg wdOdr ms‚i yuqÞ lKavdhula
tù h' fufia Yla;su;a jQ fpda,hka kej;
jrla reyqK wdl%uKh lr we;' úchndyq
rcq iu. we;s jQ m<uq igkska fpda,fhda
mrdch jQy' wjia:dfjka m%fhdack .;a
úchndyq rcq ish yuqÞj iu. f.dia
fmdf<dkakrej w,a,d .;af;a h' fï
wjia:dfõ § bkaÈhdfõ fpda, wêrdchd
fmdf<dkakrefõ fpda, md,lhdg wdOdr
ms‚i kej;;a yuqÞjla tù h' tys §
úchndyq rcq iy fpda,hka w;r kej;
rcrg § igka we;s úh' tys § mrdch
jQ úchndyq rcq /ljrK m;d lE.¨
Èia;%slalfha jdlsß.,g miq neiafia h'
fufia miqnei miqj l%ufhka
;u yuqÞj f.dvk.d .;a rcq wk;=rej
yïnkaf;dg Èia;%slalfha uydkd.yq,
m%foaYhg f.dia wjika igkg iQÞkï úh'
1070 j¾Ifha § úchndyq rcq ish¨ Yla;sh
fhdÞ fmdf<dkakrej wdl%uKh l< w;r
bkaÈhdfjka fpda, yuqÞ meñ‚hfyd;a
Tjqkag myr §ug uyd;s;a:hg yuqÞ
lKavdhula o heù h' rcrg § we;s jQ
26
igkaj,ska úchndyq rcqg ch ,enq‚'
fufia 1070 j¾Ifha § úchndyq rc;=ud
fmdf<dkakrej w,a,d .ekSu;a iu.
jir 70la muK mej;s fpda, md,kh ì|
jegq‚' bkaÈhdfõ m%n, fpda, wêrdcH
iu. igka fldg ,xldj fpda, n,fhka
ksoyia lr .ekSu úchndyq rcqf.ka isÿ jQ
b;d jeo.;a fiajhls'
t;=ud ;sf,daliqkaoÍ kï ld,sx. jxYsl
l=ußhl újdy lrf.k ld,sx. foaYh
iu. ñ;=re úh'
¥; yqjudrefjka yd ;E.s fNda.
hjñka ngysr pd¨lH rdcjxYh iu. o
ñ;=re úh' óg wu;rj ,xldfõ wd¾Ól
iy Ydiksl Wkak;shg lghq;= lsÍug
nqreuh iu. úfoaY in|;d f.dvk.d
.ekSug rcq lghq;= lr we;'
úchndyq rcqf.a md,k ld,h
úchndyq rc;=ud 1070 j¾Ifha isg
jir 40la muK ,xldj md,kh lf<a h'
fï ld,fha § fmdf,dkakrej w.kqjr
fldg .ksñka kej; jrla tlai;a yd
iduldó ,xldjla ìys úh' fï ksid
fmdf<dkakre hq.fha uq,a u rc;=ud
m<uqjk úchndyq rc;=ud fõ' Bg wu;rj
t;=udf.ka isÿ jQ b;d jeo.;a fiajdjka
lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
wEmd" udmd ;k;=re we;s fldg
idïm%Þhsl mßmd,k rgdj kej;
msysgqùu'
jdßud¾. m%;sixialrKh
wd¾Ól iuDoaêh we;s lsÍu'
fldg
wkqrdOmqrfha rdc ud,s.djla ;ekùu
^rEmh 2'4&
úchndyq rcqf.a úfoaY m%;sm;a;sh
wkd.;fha
fpda,
wdl%uKhkaa
j,lajd .ekSu yd wjg rgj,a iu.
fjf<| in|;d f.dvk.d .ekSu
rcqf.a úfoaY m%;sm;a;sfha lemS fmfkk
uQ,sl ,laIKhla fõ' wkd.;fha
fpda, wdl%uKhka je,elaùug t;=ud
bkaÈhdfõ fpda,hkag úreoaO fjk;a
rdcH iu. in|;d we;s lr .;af;a h'
rcqf.a ifydaoßh jQ ñ;a;d l=ußh mdKavH
l=ufrl=g irKmdjd § mdKavH rdcH
iu. ñ;=re in|;d ;yjqre lr .;af;a h'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
úchndyq rcqf.a wd.ñl lghq;=
nqreu
ráka
NslaIQka
WmiïmÞj h<s msysgqùu'
jevujd
fmdf<dkakrefõ
f;uy,a
ukaÈrhla f.dvke.Su'
o<Þ
Y%S
mdoia:dkhg
hk
ud¾.h
m%;sixialrKh lrjd tu ia:dkhg
.ï ìï ms§u'
wkqrdOmqrfha iy reyqfKa fjfyr
úydr m%;sixialrKh lsÍu'
úchndyq rcqf.ka .; yels wdo¾Y
úchndyq rc;=ud hkq <ud ld,fha
isg wNsfhda. /ila ch .ksñka rgg úYd,
fiajhla l< wdo¾Yj;a rc flfkls'
l=vd ld,fha § md ;enQ ;enQ ;ek ;ud
fidhd tk i;=rkaf.ka ñ§ jk.;j lgql
wdydrj,ska hefmñka fï rcq <ud ld,h
f.jQ wdldrh mkdlvqj ;U ikakfiys
lshd ;sfí' rclug m;a ùfuka miqj o
l=vd ld,fha ;ud ÿla ú¢ wdldrh iajlSh
jpkfhka u lshd ;sîu t;=udf.a wjxllu
lshdmdkakls' l=vd ld,fha ;udg Wojq
l< nqoaOrdcg" rc jQ miq jrm%ido ,nd
§fukaa t;=ud i;= jQ lD;.=K ie,lSfï
.=Kh meyeÈ,s fõ' fpda,hka iu. igka
lsÍfï § hï hï wjia:dj, mrdch ,eîug
fu;=udg isÿ úh' tfy;a tA mrdchka
yuqfõ fkdie¨Kq rcq kej;;a iajlSSh
27
ÿ¾j,;d y÷kdf.k igkg ieriq‚' rcq
;=< mej;s fkdmiqniakd W;aidyh kue;s
.=Kh j¾;udk iudchg jqj o fyd|
wdo¾Yhls' rcqf.a pß;h foi n,k úg
;u uõìu /l .ekSu úIfhys t;=udg
m%n, yeÕSula ;snQ nj fmfka' n,hg m;a
ùfuka miqj o úfoaY wdl%uK j,lajd
.ekSu flfrys t;=ud úfYaI wjOdkhla
fhduq lf<a h' t;=udf.a Wiia .=Kdx.
wU.uqj fi,a,smsfha b;d úÑ;% mßÈ olajd
;sfí'
úchndyq rcqf.a Wiia .=Kdx. ms<sn|
wU.uq fi,a,smsfha i|yka mdGj, ir,
w¾:h fufia h'
;=kqrejkg ¡
.=rejrekag ¡
Od¾ñl ckhdg ¡
W.;=kag
¡
{d;Skag
¡
ñ;=rkag
¡
i;=rkag
¡
ish¨ i;=kag ¡
iNdjg
¡
;ukg
¡
mqo i;aldr
Wjgeka
f.!rjh
fi!Nd.H
wkq.%yh
ñ;%;ajh
mrdch
l=¨Kq .=Kh
kqjK
iïmQ¾K;ajh
l%shdldrlu
úchndyq rcq ms<sn| mdvu weiqfrka my;
i|yka oaú;aj igyka c¾k,h iïmQ¾K
lrkak'
uqyqK ÿka wNsfhda.
uyd mrdl%undyq rc;=ud ^l%s' j' 1153-1186&
uyd mrdl%undyq rc;=ud hkq fn§
;snqK ,xldj tlafiai;a lrñka rfÜ
ÈhqKqjg iqúYd, fufyjrla bgq lsÍug
iu;a jQ rc flfkls'
m<uqjk úchndyq rc;=ud f.dvke.+
foaYmd,k tlai;alu rcqf.a ur‚ka miqj
ì| jegq‚' úchndyq rcqf.a wNdjfhka
miqj furg isá ld,sx. jxYhg ys;j;a
msßi yd mdKavH jxYslhkag ys;j;a wh
w;r rdcH Wreuh ms<sn| .egqula we;s
úh' tu .egqu ksid tla kdhlfhl=g j;a
ia:djr n,hla f.dvk.d .; fkd yels
úh' tys m%;sM, jYfhka rcrg" olaÅK
foaYh yd reyqK jYfhka rg fldgia
;=klg fn§ md,k uOHia:dk ;=kla
ìys úh' mrdl%undyq l=udrhdf.a Wm; isÿ
jQfha rfÜ fun÷ jHdl=, miqìula ;sìh
§ h'
mrdl%undyqf.a mshd by; lS ñ;a;d
l=ußhf.a mqf;l= jQ udkdNrK fõ'
fyf;u m<uqjk udkdNrK f,i ie,lsh
yels h' mrdl%undyq l=udrhdf.a uj
r;akdj,S l=ußh hs' m<uqjk udkdNrK
olaIsK foaYfha md,lhd jYfhka ±È.u
m%foaYfha isáh § mrdl%undyq l=udrhdf.a
W;am;a;sh isÿ ù ;sfí' ±È.u fldgfjfyr
fyj;a iQ;s>r ffp;H bÈ lr we;af;a tÞ
mrdl%undyq l=urd Wmka ia:dkfha h'
tu wNsfhda. ch .;a
wdldrh ^isiq m%;spdr&
1' <ud ld,h
2' reyqfKa n,h ,nd
.ekSu
3' fmdf<dkakre k.rh
kj w.k.rhla
f,i f.dvke.Su
rEmh 2'5 oeÈ.u fldgfjfyr
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
28
mrdl%undyq l=uref.a <ud ld,fha §
mshd ñh .sfha h' fï ksid ish uj iu.
ls;aisßfï> kï iq`M mshd fj; .sh
l=urd tys we;s ±ä úh' mrdl%undyq l=ure
wkd.; rdcH Wreulrefjl= neúka Tyqg
wOHdmkh ,nd§u i|yd iq`M mshd Wkkaÿ
úh' l=ure o fndfyda wdYdfjka NdIdj"
ÿkqq Ys,amh" we;=ka yeisrùu jeks úIhka
yodrd we;'
mrdl%undyq l=udrhdf.a iq`M mshd
jQ ls;aisßfï> olaÅK foaYfha md,lhd
úh' ls;aisß fï>f.a wNdjfhka miqj
mrdl%undyq l=urdg tu m%foaYfha n,h
,enq‚' t;=ud olaÅK foaYfhys mrdl%u
mqrh hkqfjka w¨;a k.rhla bÈ lf<a h'
j¾;udkfha m~qjia kqjr f,i y÷kajk
tu m%foaYfha tl, bÈ l< f.dvke.s,s"
kgnqka wdÈh olakg ,efí' fndfyda
wêIaGdkYS,S ;eke;af;l= jQ mrdl%undyq
l==urd olaÅK foaYfha md,lhdj isáh §
tu m%foaYh wd¾Ól jYfhka iuDoaêu;a
lsÍfï jHdmdrhla f.k .sfha h' zwyiska
jefgk tl Èh ì|la j;a uyckhdf.a
m%fhdackhg fkd f.k kslrefKa uqyqog
.,d hdug bv §u kqiqÿiq hZ hk wdo¾Y
mdGhg wkqj mrdl%undyq rcq lghq;= fldg
we;'
mrdl%undyq
olaÅK
foaYfha
md,lhdj isá wjêfha fmdf<dkakrefõ
isá úl%undyq rcqf.a ur‚ka miq Tyqf.a
mq;a fojk .cndyq
tys n,hg m;a
úh' tfia u reyqfKa isá Y%Sj,a,Nf.a
ur‚ka miq Tyqf.a mq;a fojk udkdNrK
reyqfKa n,hg m;a úh' wk;=rej
fmdf,dkakrefõ n,h ,nd .ekSug
mrdl%undyq" fojk .cndyq yd fojk
udkdNrK w;r igka /ila we;s úh' tys
§ mrdl%undyq l=urd yd fojk .cndyq rcq
w;r fojk udkdNrKg tfrysj .súiqula
we;s lrf.k ;sfí' tu .súiqu wkqj tla
wfhl=f.ka miqj wfkla whg rdcH ysñ
fõ'
fï .súiqfï msgm;la Ys,d f,aLkhla
f,i ,shjd ;sî l=reKE., Èia;%slalfha
ix.uq úydr N+ñfhka yuq úh' th ix.uq
úydr ,smsh f,i ye¢kafõ'
mrdl%undyq rcq yd .cndyq rcq w;r
.súiqfuka miqj o udkdNrK ish igk
w;ayer ke;' .cndyq rcqf.a ur‚ka
miqj fojk udkdNrK mrdl%undyq iu.
igkg meñKq‚' tys § we;s jQ igkaj,ska
fojk udkdNrK mrdch ù reyqKg m,d
.sfha h'
rEmh 2'6 mrdl%undyq rcud,s.h
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
29
rEmh 2'7 m<uqjk mrdl%undyq rcqf.a rdciNdj
fï wkqj fmdf<dkakrefõ n,h
msysgqjd .ekSug mrdl%undyq rcqg yels
úh' fkd fnda l,lska fojk udkdNrK
reyqfKa § ñh .sh kuq;a Tyqf.a uj jQ
iq.,d ìij tu yuqÞjg kdhl;ajh
foñka mrdl%undyq rcqg tfrys igk
bÈßhg fufyhjQjd h' fï wjêh jk úg
furg rdcH Wreufha ixfla;h jYfhka
ie,l=Kq o<Þj iy md;% Od;=j o iq.,d
ìij fj; ;snq‚' tu mQckSh jia;= ;ud
Ndrfha ;nd .ksñka iq.,d ìij wLKavj
igka l< kuq;a b;d ixúOdkd;aul
igkla f.k hñka iq.,dj mrdch lsÍug
mrdl%undyq rcq iu;a úh'
iq.,d ìij mrdch lsÍfuka miq
o<odj iy md;% Od;=j ;ud Ndrhg
.ekSug mrdl%undyq rcqg yelshdj
,enq‚' fï wkqj 1153 § kej; jrla
m<uqjk mrdl%undyq rcq hgf;a tlai;a
yd iuDoaêu;a Y%S ,xldjla ìys úh'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
wd¾Ól ixj¾Ok lghq;=
mrdl%undyq rcqf.a wd¾Ól lghq;=
wdrïN jQfha t;=ud olaÅK foaYfhA
md,lhdj isá wjêfha § h' ±ÿre Tfha
c,h lDIs lghq;=j,g fhdÞ .ekSu i|yd
wuqKq ne| c,h yrjd ;sfí' tn÷ ia:dk
;=kla jxY l:dfõ i|yka fõ' fldÜG
noaO" iQlr ksʮr" fodarola;sl hkq
tu ia:dk fõ' tfia u l=vd jeõ úYd,
lsÍu fuka u ;j;a jeõ wuqKq /ila
m%;sixialrKh lsÍu o tl, isÿ ù we;'
mrdl%undyq rcqf.a ld,fha § l`M
.Õ yd fnka;r .Õ w;r msysá miaÿka
fldar<fha j.=re ìïj, c,h niaijd
tu ìï ixj¾Okh lrjd ;sfí' rcq
fmdf<dkakrefõ n,hg m;a ùfuka miq
lDIsld¾ñl ixj¾Okhg buy;a fiajhla
isÿ lr we;' fï rcqf.a jdß l¾udka;
w;r fmdf<dkakrefõ mrdl%u iuqøh
úYsIag u ks¾udKhla fõ' f;damd jej
30
yd ÿUqgq¨ jej hk jeõ fol tAldnoaO
lsÍfuka fï jej ks¾udKh lr ;sfí'
fu;=udf.a ld,fha § jdßud¾. 3910la o
uy jeõ 163la o lrjk ,±hs uydjxifha
i|yka fõ' Bg wu;rj wuqKq yd l=vd
jeõ o ;kjd ;sfí' mrdl%undyq rc;=ud
keõj,ska nÿ wh l< wdldrh khsk;sõ
Ys,d f,aLkfha i|yka fõ'
Ydiksl lghq;=
nqÿ iiqfka wNsjDoaêh Wfoid o uyd
mrdl%undyq rc;=ud úYd, fiajhla isÿ
lf<a h'
t;=ud ;=ka ksldh iu.s fldg ix>
Ydikfha iu.sh we;s lf<a h' tfia u
fmdf<dkakre l;sldj; msysgqùug o
t;=ud mqfrda.dó jQfha h' fuu l;sldj;
fmdf<dkakrefõ W;a;rdrduh fyj;a .,a
úydrfha Ys,d,smshl ,shd ;sfí' fmd;a.=,a
úydrh" fmdf<dkakrefõ lsßfjfyr"
mn`M fjfyr t;=ud lrjQ úydria:dk
lsysmhls' tfia u wkqrdOmqrfha fjfyr
úydria:dk m%;sixialrKh lrjQfha h'
mrdl%undyq rc;=udf.a úfoaY
m%;sm;a;sh
mrdl%undyq rc;=udf.a úfoaY lghq;=
úuik úg nqreuh yd ol=Kq bkaÈhdj iu.
t;=ud lghq;= l< wdldrh b;d jeo.;a
fõ' ,xldj" nqreuh ^rdu[a[ foaYh&
w;r fjf<| yd wd.ñl iïnkaO;d
È.= l,l isg u mej;sK' tfy;a nqreu
md,lhd jQ w,jqxis;= rcq ,xldjg úreoaO
m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lsÍu ksid tu
iïnkaO;d ful, m¨ÿ ùula úh'
fï ksid l%s' j' 1164 § muK nqreuh
wdl%uKh lsÍug mrdl%undyq rc;=ud
lghq;= lf<a h' tA i|yd k.r.sß ls;a;s
fifkú hgf;a kdúl yuqÞjla heù h'
fuu ,dxlsl yuqÞjg ch.%yKh ,enq‚'
nqreu wdl%uKfhka ,xldjg ch.%yKh
w;a lr §u .ek k.r.sß ls;a;s fifkúg
rc;=udf.ka .ï ìï ;Hd. ,enq‚' fï
.ek fojk., fi,a,smsfha i|yka fõ'
bkaÈhdfõ mdKavH rdcHfha rclu
iïnkaOj we;s jQ wr.,hlg mrdl%undyq
rc;=ud ueÈy;a jQfha h' ful, mdKavH
rdcHfha md,lhd jQ mrdl%u mdKavHg
úreoaOj l=,fialr kï l=udrfhla igka
lf<a h' mrdl%u mdKavH rcq mrdl%undyq
rc;=udf.ka Wojq b,a,Su ksid ,xldmqr
yd c.;a úch kï fifkúhka fofokd
hgf;a fiakdjla heùug rc;=ud mshjr
.;af;a h'
l%shdldrlu
mrdl%undyq rcq ms<sn| mdvu weiqßka
m%Yak úpdrd;aul jev igykla
mj;ajkak'
rEmh 2'8 fmdf<dkakre .,a úydrfha ysá ms<suh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
31
ksYaYxlu,a, rc;=ud ^l%s' j' 1187-1196&
m<uqjk mrdl%undyq rc;=udf.ka
wk;=rej fmdf<dkakrefõ rclu ±rE
md,lhka w;=ßka lemS fmfk md,lfhl=
jQfha ksYaYxlu,a, rc;=ud h' mrdl%undyq
rc;=udg orejka fkd isá fyhska
t;=udf.ka miqj isyiqkg m;a jQfha
fojk úchndyq keue;af;ls' fojk
úchndyq rc;=ud mrdl%undyq rc;=udf.a
ifydaoßhlf.a mqf;l= hehs u;hla
;sfí' fï rcqf.a wjêfha Wmrdc moúh
ksYaYxlu,a, úiska ork ,È' fojk
úchndyq rc;=udg isyiqk ±Íug yels
jQfha wjqreoaol ld,hla mu‚' t;=ud
Ôú;laIhg m;a lr uyskao keue;af;la
rc úh' uyskao rc ù miajk Èkfha § Tyq
fkrmd oud hqjrc ksYaYxlu,a, rc úh'
fï wkqj ksYaYxlu,a, rclug m;a jQfha
wjq,a iy.; foaYmd,k miqìul h'
ksYaYxlu,a, rcq uqyqK ÿka wNsfhda.
1' úfoaYhl bmÿKq wfhl= fyj;a
ld,sx. jxYslfhl= ùu'
ksYaYxlu,a, rc;=ud bkaÈhdfõ
ld,sx. foaYfha isá chf.dam keue;s
rfcl=f.a mq;d h' uj
md¾j;S foaúh hs' tA
wkqj fï rc;=ud ld,sx.
jxYslfhls' t;=ud ks;r
u fï nj i|yka lr
we;' tmuKla fkd j
fmdf<dkakrej ld,sx.
mqr f,i o y÷kajd
we;' óg fmr ,xldfõ
rc
l<
ld,sx.
jxYslhka
,xldfõ
Wmka l=udrjreka h'
tfy;a
ksYaYxlu,a,
rcq bkaÈhdfõ ld,sx.
foaYfha u Wmka wfhl=
fõ' tu úfoaYSh m%Njh
Tyqg ;snqK m%Odk
wNsfhda.hls'
Bg
wu;rj ;j;a .eg¨
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
/ila ksYaYxlu,a, rcqg ;snq‚' tu .eg¨
lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
2' mrdl%undyq rcqf.a olaI fiakdm;shka
wjk;j ;nd .ekSu'
3' mdKavH jxYslhka n,j;aùu j,lajd
.ekSu'
4' reyqfKa ;u n,h mj;ajd .ekSu'
by; wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK §fï §
rc;=ud rg mqrd ixpdrh lrñka jeishdf.a
is; Èkd .ekSug lghq;= lf<a h' §¾>
Ys,d ,sms msysgqjñka jeishkag wjjdo §
rcqf.a fY%aIaG;ajh yqjd ±laù h' oU¨
úydrh yd Y%S mdoia:dkh t;=ud ixpdrh
l< ;ekaj,g WÞyrK fõ' rgjeishd
fjkqfjka fndfyda wd.ñl yd Y=NidOk
lghq;= isÿ lf<a h' rcq yd rc mjqf,a
wh ;rdÈfha tla mfilg k.sñka o úúO
jia;=j ;rdÈfha wfkla mig tlS nrg
iudk f,i fhdoñka o ;=,dydr Þk § we;'
;=,dydr Þk hkq lsishï ;eke;af;l=f.a
YÍrfha nrg iudkj hï hï jia;=j oka
§u fõ'
úúO wkaofï wNsfhda. /ilg
ksYaYxlu,a, rcqg uqyqK mEug isÿ jQ
kuq;a tA ish¨ wNsfhda. ch.%yKh lrñka
rEmh 2'9 ksYaYxlu,a, rcqf.a rdciNdj
32
jir kjhla jeks ld,hla isyiqk ±Íug
t;=ud iu;a úh' fuu wjêfhys rcqf.a
wdêm;H Èjhsk mqrd u mej;s‚' tA nj
Tyqf.a fi,a,smsj, tk úia;r u.ska
;yjqre fõ'
ksYaYxlu,a,
rc;=ud
ck;d
úYajdih Èkd .ksñka lghq;= lr we;'
rg mqrd u ixpdrh lsÍu rgjeishdf.a
Y=NidOl lghq;= isÿ lsÍu iy ;=,dydr
Þk §u jeks lghq;= fuka u fidr i;=re
ìh ke;s lsÍug;a È<skaokag ie,lSug;a
t;=ud lghq;= lf<a h' fï f;dr;=re
rcq msysgqjQ fi,a,smsj, i|yka lr we;'
fmdf,dkakrefõ .,a fmd; Ys,d ,smsh"
yegÞf.hs Ys,d ,smsh" oUq¨ m¾j; ,smsh"
jdÿremafm ,smsh tjeks ,sms ;=kls'
rgjeishdg Y=N isoaêh ie,eiaùu
i|yd rc;=ud wkq.ukh l< ;j;a
m%;sm;a;shla jQfha nÿ iyk ,nd §u hs'
fmr rcjreka wh l< nÿj,ska we;eï
nÿ j¾. wj,x.= lsÍug;a nÿ iyk ,nd
§ug;a fyf;u lghq;= lf<a h'
fmdf<dkakrefõ olakg ,efnk
wd.ñl f.dvke.s,s lSmhla u fï rcq
úiska bÈ lrjk ,o tAjd h' o<od jykafia
;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd o<od ueÿrla bÈ lf<a
h' th yegÞf.h f,i m%isoaO h' tfia u
rkafld;a fjfyr" jgÞf.h" ksYaYxl,;d
uKavmh fï rcq lrjQ f.dvke.s,s h'
rEmh 2'10 ksYaYxl u,a, rdc iNd uKavmfha
.,a lKqj, ks,OdÍkaf.a ku i|yka lrñka
wdik mkjd ;snQ whqre
^rcq& isxydikfha jevyqkal, fifkúrÿkag
ia:dkhhs' hkqfjka fuu .,a lKqfõ ,shd
we;'
l%shdldrlu
ksYaYxlu,a,
rc;=ud
rpkdjla ,shkak'
ms<sn|
fmdf<dkakrefõ
ksYaYxlu,a,
rdc iNd uKavmh kñka ye¢kafjk
f.dvke.s,a, o fï rcq lrjQjla f,i
ie,fla' tys rdc iNdj mj;ajd we;'
tys ;sfnk .,a lKqj, rdciNdfõ tA tA
ks,OdÍka wiqka .; hq;= ia:dk i|yka
lr ;sîu úfYaI;ajhls'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
33
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
34
3
wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh
ixialD;sl Wreuh hkq l=ula o@
ye`Èkaùu
wkqrdOmqrh"
fmdf<dkakrej
jeks mer‚ k.r .ek l;d lrk úg
wfma w;S; YsIagdpdrh ms<sn| isyshg
kef.a' wfma w;S; uq;=ka ñ;a;ka iE¥
f.dvke.s,s" uQ¾;s" jeõ wuqKq" fmdl=Kq
wdÈfhys b;sßj we;s fldgia tys olakg
we;' tjd wfma cd;sl jia;= f,i i,ld
wdrlaId lrk w;r fuu cd;sl jia;=
rfÜ cd;sl Wreu f,i o ie,fla' wfma
cd;sl Wreu yd tAjd wdrlaId lsÍfï
jeo.;alu ms<sn| fuu mdvfï § Tfí
wjOdkh fhduq flf¾'
jeis c,h /ia lsÍug w;S;fha
;ekjQ úYd, jeõ" tu jeõj, yd jeõ
neñj, úYd,;ajh tys we;s ;dlaIKh
flfkl= mqÿu lrùug ;rï iu;a h'
tfia u wfma uq;=ka ñ;af;da l`M .,a Tm
uÜgï lr úúO ks¾udK lrjQy'
fufia fN!;sl jia;+ka muKla
fkd j wkdÈu;a ld,hl isg mrïmrdfjka
mrïmrdjg mej; tk isß;a úß;a" weoys,s
yd úYajdi" ck .dhkd" ck kegqï" ck
l;d" l,d Ys,am" idïm%Þhsl ffjoH ±kqu
wdÈh o wfma ixialD;sl Wreuhg wh;a
fõ' mrïmrdfjka mrïmrdjg Wreu
jQ by; i|yka úúO wxY ms<sn| ±kqu
rEmh 3'1 rkauiq Whk
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
35
rEmh 3'2 ksYaYxl,;d uKavmh
j¾;udkfha o ;u Ôú;fha tÈfkÞ
uqyqKfok .eg¨ úi|d .ekSu i|yd Ndú;
l< yels h' wfma rfÜ w;S;fhka Wreu jQ
úúO w;a fnfy;a" j.d i|yd Ndú; lrk
flï l%u Bg WÞyrK lsysmhls'
b;d mer‚ b;sydihla we;s
rgla f,i wms ixialD;sl Wreu /il
ysñlrefjda fjuq' tA w;r wd.ñl ia:dk"
rc ud,s.d" n,fldgq iy WoHdk
fuka u ;j;a fndfyda ft;sydisl ia:dk"
f.dvke.s,s" úúO l,d ks¾udK" wdydr
mdk" iïm%Þhka" pdß;% jdß;% wd§ Wreuhka
/ila wm i;=j mj;S' fï ish,a, wfma
ixialD;sl Wreuhka f,i ye¢kaúh yels
h' 3'1 rEmfhys ±lafjkafka wkqrdOmqrfhys
msysá rkauiq Whfka PdhdrEmhls'
3'2 rEmfhka fmdf<dkakrefõ msysá
ksYaYxl,;d uKavmh ±lafõ' fïjd wfma
ixialD;sl Wreuhkag WÞyrK fõ'
tfia u fuu Wreuhka wmg wjYH
kï w;ska w,a,d jqj;a ne,sh yels h'
tkï iam¾Y l< yels h' tu ksid fuu
Wreuhka iamDYH Wreu f,i ye¢kafõ' tA
wkqj wfma rfÜ msysá wd.ñl ia:dk" rc
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ud,s.d" n,fldgq" WoHdk fuka u ;j;a
fndfyda ft;sydisl ia:dk" f.dvke.s,s
jekss úúO l,d ks¾udK" jeõ" fmdl=Kq"
we<fõ,s yd jeõ wuqKq iy mer‚ fmd;a
m;a wdÈh wmg iam¾Y l< yels tAjd jk
neúka tAjd iamDYH Wreuh f,i y÷kd.;
yels h'
nq,;a w;la § jeäysáhkag je£u"
w¨;a wjqreoaog wd.ñl j;dj;aj, fh§u
jeks foa fmr i|yka l< Wreu fuka wmg
w;ska we,a,sh fkd yels tkï iam¾Y l<
fkdyels yeisÍï fyj;a l%shdldrlï fõ'
tAjd wmg mrïmrdfjka mrïmrdjg Wreu
jQ pdß;% jdß;% fõ' tjeks Wreu wiamDYH
Wreu f,i y÷kajhs' hï cd;shlg wh;a
ckY%e;s" iïm%Þhka yd úúO NdIdjka" ck
kegqï" ck .S; iy úúO l,djka ms<sn|
±kqu isß;a úß;a" weoys,s yd úYajdi" úúO
flï l%u hkdÈh o wiamDYH Wreuhg
wh;a fõ' ±ka wms fï ms<sn| ;jÿrg;a
fidhd n,uq'
36
iamDYH Wreuh
w;ska iam¾Y l< yels Wreu iamDYH
Wreuhg wh;a nj by; meyeÈ,s lr we;'
Y%S ,xldj l=vd Èjhskla jqj;a b;d mer‚
b;sydihla we;s iamDYH Wreu rdYshla msysá
rgla fõ' fï ms<sn| úúO idOl Èjhsk
mqrd msysá úúO ia:dkj,ska fidhdf.k
;sfí' mqrdúoHd;aul jákdlñka hq;a
fN!;sl jia;+ka fuka u" b;d ÈhqKq jdß
ixialD;shla o wm i;= h' fïjd wfma rfÜ
wkkH;dj fmkajk idOlhka h'
f u f , i i x i a l D ; s l W re u
/ila wm i;= neúka wNsudkj;a cd;shla
f,i f,dalh bÈßfha fmkS isàug wmg
yelshdj ,eî we;'
f,dalfha úúO ixialD;Ska bÈßfha
Y%S ,dxlsl wkkH;dj wNsudkfhka hq;=j
fmkajd §ug wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh
wmg Wmldr fõ'
wfma mer‚ jeõ wuqKq yd fmdl=Kq
i|yd fhdÞ we;s ;dlaIKh" uyd l`M
.,aj,ska l< ks¾udK" iS.sßh" weïnelafla
,S leghï wdÈh f,dj lsis rglg fkd
fofjks ks¾udK fõ' fïjd w;S;fhka
Wreu jQ wfmalu" wmf.a wkkH;dj
fmkajk Ôjudk idlaIH n÷ h'
l%shdldrlu
wfma rfÜ mer‚ fl!;=l jia;=j,
mska;+r tl;= lr fmd;la ilia
lrkak'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
f,dal ixialD;sl Wreu
wfma rgg fuka f,dalfha fiiq
rgj,g o ;u rgg u iqúfYaI jQ
ixialD;sl Wreuhka we;' tAjd w;ßka
b;d ÿ¾,N by< w.fhka hq;a ixialD;sl
Wreu tA rgg muKla fkd j iuia; udkj
m%cdjg whs;s fmdÿ Wreuhla njg m;a
lr we;' fuu ld¾hh tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdOHdmksl" úoHd;aul iy ixialD;sl
lghq;= ms<sn| l%shdldß ixúOdkh jk
hqfkiaflda wdh;kh úiska isÿ lrkq
,nhs' tlS Wreuj,g hï lsis ydkshla
fyda úkdYhla ùug bv fkd ;nd tAjd
wdrlaId lsÍu hqfkiaflda ixúOdkfha
ld¾h Ndrh fõ' l%s' j' 2011 jk úg tu
ixúOdkh úiska ixialD;sl Wreu 704la
f,dal Wreu f,i kï lr we;' bka yhla
Y%S ,xldfõ msysá tAjd fõ'
YS% ,xldfõ msysá f,dal ixialD;sl
Wreu ms<sn| idlÉPd lsÍug fmr f,dal
ixialD;sl Wreu f;dard .kakd wdldrh
ms<sn| wms fidhd n,uq'
hqfkiaflda ixúOdkh úiska úúO
rgj, f,dal ixialD;sl Wreu f;dard
.ekSfï § my; i|yka lreKq ie,ls,a,g
.kq ,efí'
™ ñksidf.a úYsIag ks¾udKYS,s;ajh
fyda nqoaêu;a nj ±lafjk ks¾udK
ùu'
™ hï lsis ixialD;shlg wh;a .Dy
ks¾udK" k.r ie,iqï" l,dj"
;dlaIKh wdÈfhys ixj¾Okh
fmkajd §ug yels ks¾udK ùu'
37
™ ±kg mj;sk fyda w;=reokaj
we;s mer‚ YsIagdpdrhla" tn÷
YsIagdpdrhla mej;s nj fmkajk
m%n, idlalshla ùu'
™ udkj b;sydifha jeo.;a wjia:d
ksrEmKh jk f.dvke.s,s" .Dy
ks¾udK Ys,amh fyda ;dlaIKh
i|yd kso¾Ykhla ùu'
™ fkdje,elaúh yels fya;= u; úkdY
ùfï ;¾ckhg ,la ù we;s bmer‚
iudchl jdiN+ñhla fyda Bg wh;a
iaudrlhka ùu'
mer‚ fudfykafcdodfrda k.rh
rEmh 3'3
hqfkiaflda ixúOdkh lsishï rgl
ft;sydisl ia:dkhla fyda iaudrlhla
f,dal ixialD;sl Wreuhla f,i m%ldY
lsÍu tu rfÜ ish¨ u ck;djg wdvïnr
úh yels lreKls' wfma wi,ajeis rg jk
bkaÈhdfõ myf<djlg jeä ixialD;sl
Wreuhka m%udKhla hqfkiaflda ixúOdkh
u.ska f,dal Wreu f,i kï lr we;'
Ökfhka ixialD;sl Wreu úiailg
jeä m%udKhla f,dal ixialD;sl Wreu
,ehsia;=jg tla lr ;sfí'
-
fuh w;S; k.r
ks¾udK
fmkajk
f,dal
ixialD;sl
Wreuls'
mlsia:dkfha
msysá
fudfyka f cdodfrda
k.rh
w;=reokaj
mej;s YsIagdpdrhla
f,i yd mer‚ k.r
ks¾udK
Ys,amhg
idlalshla f,i f,dal
Wreu
,ehsia;=jg
we;=<;a lr we;'
Ök uyd m%dldrh
w;S; wdrlaIs; mjqrla
f,i kï flreKq f,dal
ixialD;sl Wreuhls'
Ökfha msysá fuh
wdrlaIs; mjqrla f,i
f.dv kexjQjla jk w;r
Ök ixialD;sfha m%n,
ixfla;hls'
rEmh 3'4
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
38
Y%S ,xldfõ msysá f,dal Wreu
by; i|yka fudfykafcdodfrda
k.rh yd Ök uyd m%dldrh fjk;a rgj,
mj;sk f,dal ixialD;sl Wreuj,g
WÞyrK fõ' ±ka wms Y%S ,xldfjka
f,dalhg Þhdo jQ f,dal ixialD;sl Wreu
ms<sn| fidhd n,uq'
Y%S ,xldfõ ixialD;sl Wreu ia:dk
yhla fï jkúg hqfkiaflda ixúOdkh
f,dal Wreu f,i ms<s.kq ,en ;sfí' tAjd
fufia h'
4' rka.sß oUq¨ f,ka úydrh
5' o<Þ ud,s.h we;=¿ uykqjr k.rh
6' .d¨ fldgqj
fufia ia:dk yhla f,dal Wreu
,ehsia;=jg we;=<;a ùu ksid Y%S ,xldj
l=vd rgla jqj o tys fm%!V b;sydih iy
ixialD;sl jeo.;alu ms<n
s |j f,dalh u
±kqïj;a ù we;' fï ksid tlS ia:dk
±l n,d .ekSug ixpdrlfhda ksr;=rej
meñfK;s' fuu.ska wfma w;S; wNsudkh
f,dalh yuqfõ m%ldY lsÍug yelshdj ,eî
we;' tneúka ft;sydisl Wreuh fidhd
n,d tAjd /l .ekSu wfma j.lSuls'
1' mer‚ wkqrdOmqr k.rh
2' mer‚ fmdf,dkakrej k.rh
3' iS.sßh
mer‚
wkqrdOmqr
k.rh
Y%S ,xldfõ mer‚ w.kqjr
jQ wkqrdOmqr k.rfha Y%S
uydfndaêh" rejkaje,siEh"
f,dajduydmdh" wNh.sßh"
fÊ;jkdrduh"
l=Ügï
fmdl=K" we;a fmdl=K"
biqreuq‚h úúO mer‚
f.dvke.s,s"
rkauiq
Whk jeks WoHdk wdÈh
o olakg ,efí'
fuu
rEmh 3'5
ks¾udKj,
ft;sydisl
jeo.;alu yd ixialD;sluh
jákdlu i,ld 1982 § tu k.rh f,dal Wreu ,ehsia;=jg we;=<;a flßK'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
39
mer‚
k.rh
fmdf<dkakre
fÞf<diajk
yd
oy;=kajk ishji jk
úg fmdf<dkakrej b;d
iY%Sl w.k.rhla úh'
kgnqkaj .sh fn!oaO
yd yskaÿ isoaOia:dk
yd rcjrekaf.a úYsIag
ks¾udK /ila fuu
ia:dkfha olakg ,efí'
fuys we;s fn!oaO yd yskaÿ
iaudrl jk jgÞf.h"
rEmh 3'6
;sjxl ms<su f.h" rkafld;a
fjfyr"
lsß
fjfyr"
,xld;s,lh" rc ud,s.d" ksYaYxl ,;d uKavmh" .,a úydrh" Ysj foajd," i;auy,a
m%didoh yd mrdl%u iuqøh jeks w;súYsIag ks¾udK ksid mer‚ fmdf<dkakrej k.rh
l%s'j' 1982 § f,dal Wreu ,ehsia;=jg we;=<;a flßK'
iS.sßh
ldYHm
rc;=ud
f.dvke.+ iS.sßh" mer‚
n,fldgqjla" rc ud,s.
hla
yd
l,d.drhla
jYfhka o b;d jeo.;a
ia:dkhla .kS'
tys
jeo.;alu
i,ld 1982 § tu ia:dkh
f,dal Wreu ,ehsia;=jg
we;=<;a lr we;' fï
ms<sn| jeä úia;r úiañ;
iS.sßh hk ud;Dldj
hgf;a olajd we;'
rEmh 3'7
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
40
oUq¨ rc uyd úydrh
rEmh 3'8
fuh Y%S ,xldfõ
we;s mer‚ is;=jï
iys; úYd, u f,ka
úydrh fõ' iajdNdúl
., ;=< ks¾udKh
l< fn!oaO úydrhla
jk fuh b;d isis,a
iqjÞhl
ia:dkhls'
fuys we;s úYsIag
is;=jï ksid fuu
úydrh 1991 § f,dal
Wreu
,ehsia;=jg
we;=<;a flß‚'
.d¨ fldgqj
mD;=.Sis cd;slhka
l=vdjg f.dvk.d
;snQ .d¨ fldgqj
,kafoaiSka
úiska
wdrlaIl
n,fldgqjla f,i
jvd Yla;su;aj yd
úêu;aj f.dvk.k
,È'
rEmh 3'9
tA wkqj ,kafoais .Dy ks¾udK Ys,amhg wh;a f.dvke.s,s iy mqrdúoHd;aul iaudrl
/ila fuu fldgqfjys wog;a olakg ,efí' ol=Kq uqyqÿ ;Srfha o¾YkSh jg msgdjl
msysá .d¨ fldgqfjys we;s fm!rd‚l bÈlsÍï ksid 1988 j¾Ifha § th f,dal Wreu
,ehsia;=jg we;=<;a flßK'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
41
o<od ud,s.h we;=¿
uykqjr k.rh
uykqjr k.rfha
b;sydih" tys we;s
mer‚ f.dvke.s,s
yd j¾;udkfha mjd
tu k.rh wdY%s; j
isÿ jk wd.ñl iy
ixialD;sl lghq;=
ms<sn| i,ld n,d
1988 j¾Ifha § th
hqfkiaflda f,dal
Wreula
f,i
rEmh 3'10
m%ldYhg m;a flßK' o<Þ ud,s.dj" mer‚ rc jdi," u.=,a uvqj uykqjr k.rfha
mj;sk mer‚ f.dvke.s,sj,g WÞyrK fõ' uykqjr wei, fmryr" furg mer‚
isß;a úß;a yd idïm%Þhsl l,d l=i,;d fmkakqï flfrk ixialD;sldx.hls'
úiañ; iS.sßh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
42
Y%S ,xldfõ msysá ixialD;sl Wreu
w;ßka iS.sßh f,dal Wreuhla njg m;aj
we;s nj óg fmr i|yka flßK' wms ±ka
tA úiañ; Wreuh ms<sn| ;j ÿrg;a fidhd
n,uq'
ldYHm rc;=ud ;ekQ iS.sßh
ms<sn| úúO u;jdo mj;shs' ish mshd jQ
Od;=fiak rcq >d;kh lr rclu ,nd .;a
ldYHm" uq.,ka kï ;u fidfydhqrdg
ìfhka wdrlaIdj i|yd iS.sß m¾j;fha
n,fldgqjla bÈ l< nj uQ,dY%hj, ±lafõ'
iS.sßfha we;s úYsIag .Dy ks¾udK Ys,amh"
legm;a mjqr" iS.sß Ñ;%" iS.sß msh.egfm<"
isxy mdo" WoHdk" fmdl=Kq" Èh w., wdÈh
msßlaid ne,Sfï § th n,fldgqjla fuka
u úYsIag l,d.drhla nj o fmkS hhs'
iS.sßfha .Dy ks¾udK Ys,amh
uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg wä 1214la Wiska
jk <eyenla ;=< msysá l÷ .eghla u;
jQ .,a m¾j;h uqÿfka mer‚ rc ud,s.dj
yd fjk;a f.dvke.s,sj, kgnqka wog;a
rEmh 3'13 isxy mdoh yd msh.eg fm<
olakg ,efí' ., uqÿfka kgnqka iys;
m%foaYh wlalr ;=kla muK fõ'
., uqÿk olajd w;S;fha bÈ lr
;snQ udj; jQ l,S mä fma<s" md,ï" m%dldr
wdÈfhka hq;a wmQ¾j ks¾udKhls' .f,a
ÿIalr fldgig ke.Sug ;snQ ud¾.h isxy
uqLhlska wdrïN úh' tlS m%;dmj;a isxy
rEmh ksid fï ia:dkhg iSy.sß fyj;a
iS.sß hk ku fh¥ nj fmfka' isxy
rEmh iys; m%foaYhg meñŒug fmr
.uka ud¾.fha wdrlaIdj i|yd ;kjd
;snQ Èla mjqf¾ we;=`M me;a; fndfyda Tm
uÜgï fldg ;kjd ;sìK' th
legm;a mjqr f,i m%lg h' tu
mjqf¾ ,shd we;s .S" iS.sß l=regq
.S f,i ye¢kafõ'
iS.sß is;=jï
rEmh 3'12 legm;a mjqr
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
iS.sßfha msh .eg fm<
by<g ke.Sfuka miqj f,ka
;=< we;s iS.sß is;=jï ±lsh yels
h' m¾j;h mduq, we;s f,kaj,
o is;=jï fldgia ±lsh yels
kuq;a iS.sß is;=jï f,i jvd;a
m%p,s;" m¾j; flfjksj,
we;s ia;%S rEm fõ' j,dl=`Mj,ska
43
u;= jQ Wvqlh fmfkk ia;%S rEm f,i
fuu is;=jï ks¾udKh lr ;sfí' jir
1500la ;rï mer‚ fuu is;=jï úYsIag
l,d ks¾udK f,i f,dalh mqrd m%isoaêhg
m;aj ;sfí'
rEmh 3'15 iS.sß is;=jï
iS.sßfha fmdl=Kq yd
c, ;dlaIKh
iS.sßfha c,u,a ;dlaIKh úYsIag
ks¾udKhls' iS.sß .Dy ks¾udK Ys,amshd
c, u,a ieliSfï § fõ.j;aj .,k c,
myrlg ndOdjla fh§fuka c,h by<g
.; yels h" hk ixl,amh úoHd;aulj
l,amkd l< wfhls'
rEmh 3'14 iS.sß WoHdkh
fï wkqj by< fmdl=Kqj, isg
fõ.fhka my<g .,k c, Odrdjlg
3'16 remfha fmfkk whqre isÿre l<
.,a m;=re fh§fuka w,xldrj c,
u,a ks¾udKh lr we;' fuu c, u,a
j¾;udkfha o j¾Idj we;s ld,fha §
l%shd;aul fõ'
iS.sß WoHdkh
iS.sß l÷ uqÿfka isg n,k úg
ngysr úYd, fmfoil uÕ-=,a Whk
fyj;a WoHdkh jHdma;j ;sfí'
mrKú;dk uy;d fuh m%uo jkh
f,i kï lf<a h' iS.sß WoHdkh c,
WoHdkhlska iukaú; fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ienúka u iS.sßh w;súYsIag
ks¾udKhla jQ nj Tng ±ka jegfykq
we;'
., uqÿfka úYd, ud,s.djla
;ekSu" Bg wÞ< øjH m%jdykh l<
wdldrh"
wdÈ jYfhka j¾;udkfha
fuka myiqlï fkdue;s hq.hl fuu
44
f.k hdug yelshdj ,nd ÿka fï
fy< ks¾udKlrejkaf.a úiañ;
yelshdjka ksid wo wmg cd;shla
jYfhka wdvïnr úh yels h'
l%shdldrlu
1'
Y%S ,xldfõ we;s
ixialD;sl Wreuj,
we;=<;a
fmd;la
lrkak'
2' iS.sßh ms<sn| fmd;a
ilia lrkak'
rEmh 3'16 c,u,Aa
ks¾udK l< wdldrh b;d úiañ; h' th
f,dj fld;eklska j;a ±lsh fkd yels
jQ wdldrfha úYsIag u ks¾udKhls' fï
mqxÑ Y%S ,xldfõ úYsIag;ajh f,dalhg
f,dal
mska;+r
ilia
msxpla
fuh lKavdhï l%shdldrlula
f,i isÿ lrkak'
rEmh 3'17 kdk fmdl=K
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
45
wiamDYH Wreuh
—mqf;a f.dïuka fj,djg ;kshu
Èhlä;s .dfka weúÈkak hkak tmd˜ hehs
Tfí wdÉÑ,d iy iSh,d mjikq we;eï
úg Tn wid we;' thska weÕfjkafka ysre
nei hk fj,djl ;kshu .uka ìuka
hdu iqÿiq ke;s njg wfma úYajdihla
mej;s njhs' tjeks úYajdi" isß;a úß;a
ms<sn| wdÉÑ,d iy iSh,d wmg lshd ÿka
whqre ;du u;l h' Tjqkag tAjd ms<sn|
wjfndaOh Tjqkaf.a jeäysáhka úiska
,nd fokakg we;' tfia mrïmrdfjka
mrïmrdjg tA tA ck lKavdhï /f.k
tk ixialD;sl Wreuh wiamDYH Wreuh
f,i y÷kajhs' merKs f.dvke.s,s" Ñ;%"
uQ¾;s fuka fuu Wreuh iam¾Y l<
fkdyelsh' úúO rgj," iudchkays
wkkH;dj úoHudkjk wdldr myla
wiamDYH Wreuh jYfhka hqfkiaflda
ixúOdkh" y÷kajd§ we;' tajd kï"
1' ckjyr yd woyia m%ldY lsÍu
2' rx. l,dj" cklú" ck ix.S;
3' iudÔh mqreÿ" weoys,s" úYajdi iy
W;aij
4' iajNdjO¾uh yd ndysr wdNdifhka
we;s jQ ±kqu yd mqreÿ
5' idïm%Þhsl l,d Ys,am wdÈh fõ'
by; lafIa;% wkqj wm ud;D N+ñfhka
wmg Wreu jQ wiamDYH Wreuhka u.ska
wfma wkkH;dj y÷kd.; yels h' ±ka
wms tA ms<sn|j fidhd n,uq'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ckjyr yd woyia m%ldY lsÍu
furg j¾;udkfha l;d lrk
isxy, NdIdjg jir fooyia mkaishhl
muK b;sydihla we;s w;r fou<
NdIdjg o tn÷ u b;sydihla ;sfí'
fufia È.= ld,hla tu NdId Ndú;
lsÍu ksid tAjdg u wdfõ‚l NdId
ffY,Ska f.dvke.S ;sfí' tfia u Wmud"
rEml" wdmaf;damfoaY iy msre`M jeks úúO
foaj,ska fuu NdId fmdaIKh ù ;sfí'
isxy, NdIdjg fou< nfika fuka
u w;S;fha mej;s fjk;a NdIdj,ska
o wdNdih ,eî we;' fou< NdIdj o
iuld,Sk fjk;a NdIdj,ska fmdaIKh
jQjls' tneúka NdIdj jHjydrh lrk
wdldrh ms<sn| ,xldjg u wdfõ‚l
ffY,shla yd iïm%Þhla mj;S' th wfma
wiamDYH Wreuhls'
rx. l,dj
j¾;udkfha wfma ixialD;sh yd
ne÷Kq rx. l,djla furg mj;S' th o
w;S; Wreufha m%;sM,hls'
rejkaje,s iEhg uq,a.,a ;eîfï
W;aijfha § ÿgq.euqKq rc;=ud ÈjH
lkHdjka yd iudk kdáldjka iy
fkdfhla ;+¾h kdohka iys; iuQyhla
msßjrdf.k mqoìug meñ‚ nj uydjxifha
i|yka fõ'
j¾;udkfha we;eï W;aijj,g
úfYaI wdrdê;hka le|jdf.k tAfï §
kegqï .ehqï ;+¾hjdok fhdÞ .kq Tn
±l we;' th w;S;fha isg furg mj;sk
iïm%Þhla nj ÿgq.euqKq rc;=ud ms<sn|
WÞyrKfhka fmfka'
46
m<uqjk mrdl%undyq rcqf.a ld,fha
§ úúO wjia:dj, kegqï .ehqï mej;s nj
jd¾;d fõ' t;=ud kegqï .ehqï meje;aúh
yels f.dvke.s,s mjd bÈ lrjd we;' tu
rcqf.a ìß| jQ rEmj;S ìij kegqï .ehqï
i|yd olaI;djla ;snQ ldka;djl nj
uydjxifha ±lafõ'
mrïmrdjg ,eî we;af;a Bg fmr isá
jeäysáhkaf.a .dhkdj,g ijka §fuks'
tkï uqL mrïmrd.;j h' tneúka ck
lú yd úúO ck .dhkd wdÈh o mrmqfrka
mrmqrg mej; wd wiamDYH Wreuhla f,i
ie,lsh yels h' Od;=fiak rc;=ud l,d
jej ;ekùu .ek wkqrdOmqr m%foaYfha
mj;sk cklúhla fufia h'
Y%S ,xldfõ w;S;fha mej;s kegqï
.ehqï wdÈ l,d lghq;= .ek uydjxih"
lõis`MñK iy ioaO¾ud,xldrh jeks
lD;sj, i|yka fõ' fojk mrdl%undyq
rc;=ud zkdkdm%ldr kegqfuka yd uOqr
.S;sldfhka hq;aZ W;aijhla meje;ajQ nj
uydjxih lshhs' w;S; kegqï" .ehqï
lghq;=j, § úúO fnr j¾." ùKdj"
k,dj jeks ;+¾h NdKav Ndú; lr we;'
mer‚ kegqï .ehqï l,dfõ we;eï
fYaIhka idïm%Þhsl Ydka;sl¾u ;=< o
olakg ,efí' uykqjr wei< fmryer
fun÷ kegqï .ehqï olakg ,efnk ;j;a
wjia:djls'
l,d Tfha Èh myrg hkag
neÍ
ysáfha l, je,la Th yryg
je;sÍ
t;k fyd`ohs jejlg Èh l|
b;sÍ
l,d jej nekafo Þfika rcqh mska msÍ
fndfyda úg rx. l,dj wd.ñl
mqo mQcd mej;aùu i|yd fhdÞ .;a nj
meyeÈ,s fõ' úis;=re we÷ñka ieriS
úúO mqo mQcd meje;aùu i|yd Ys,amSka
rx.kfha fh§ we;' j¾;udkfha §
wd.ñl W;aij muKla fkdj fjk;a
úúO W;aij wjia:djka i|yd o kegqï"
.ehqï" ;+¾hjdok fhdÞ .;a wjia:d Tn
±l we;' th wfma wiamDYH Wreuh f,i
ye¢kaúh yels h'
ck lú
ck lúh o wfma ixialD;sl
Wreufha fldgils' furg fndfyda
m%foaYj, tA tA fmfoiaj,g wdfõ‚l
jQ ck lú mj;S' tu ck lú j¾;udk
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
fun÷ cklú ks¾udKh l<
;eke;a;d fyda ld,h ms<sn| f;dr;=re
fndfyda úg wm%lg h' mer‚ f.dhï lú"
me,a lú" lr;a; lú" m;,a lú" mdre
lú wdÈh" fjfyi uykaish ksjd .ekSu"
;kslu md`Mj u.yrjd .ekSu ms‚i
m%nkaO fldg .dhkd l< tAjd fõ' tA tA
lghq;=j, § w;S; ñksiqka ,enQ woa±lSï
yd úúO jD;a;Skaj, tl, iajNdjh wdÈh
f;areï .ekSug o fun÷ ck lú jeo.;a
fõ'
tfia
u
foudmshkaf.a
iy
jeäysáhkaf.a .=K .ehSu" ore fifkyi
m%ldY lsÍu" nd, mrmqr iqu.g .ekSu"
l=i.skak ±laùu" ×;Ska w;r iïnkaO;d
m%ldY lsÍu i|yd o ck lúh fhdÞf.k
;sfí' tA wkqj is;l Wmka ixfõ§ yeÕSula
ks¾udKd;aulj m%ldY lsÍu;a th
;d,hlg wkqj .dhkd fldg úkaokhla
,nd .ekSu;a ck lúfhka isÿj ;sfí'
fujeks ks¾udKd;aul ck .S; ´kE u
iudchl ck lKavdhï i;= h'
l%shdldrlu
ck lú we;=<;a fmd;la ilia
lrkak'
47
iudÔh mqreÿ yd úYajdi
úúO iudðh mqreÿ yd weoys,s úYajdi
wdÈh o mrmqfrka mrmqrg meñ‚ wiamDYH
Wreuhls' úydria:dk fyda foajia:dkj,g
we;=`M ùfï § mdjyka yd ysiajeiqï .e,ùu"
foudmshkag jeäysáhkag yd .=rejrekag
oK .id je£u yd f.!rj lsÍu" w;a
fidaÞ wdydr .ekSu" i;=kag lreKdj
±laùu" ke;s neß whg Wmldr lsÍu jeks
foa mrmqfrka mrmqrg Wreu jQ hym;a
mqreÿj,g WÞyrK fõ' fun÷ idïm%Þhsl
Wreuhka ±lSfuka wm ;=< ksy;udkSlu
lreKdj" ohdj" wdpdrYS,SNdjh jeks
Wiia .=Kdx. j¾Okh fõ'
W;aij meje;aùu
j¾;udk iudcfha úúO W;aij
mj;sk nj Tn ±l we;' w;S; iudcfha o
ñksil=f.a W;am;a;sfha isg urKh olajd
úúO W;aij mej;=‚' wkqrdOmqr rdcH
iuh ;rï wE; ld,fha we;eï W;aij
furg iudchg yqre jQfha wi,ajeis
bkaÈhdfõ mej;s yskaÿ isß;a úß;aj,
wdNdifhks' flfkl=f.a W;am;a;sfha
isg wOHdmk lghq;= wdrïN lrk f;la
bgq l< hq;= isß;a úß;a .ek mer‚ yskaÿ
fmd;a m;aj, i|yka fõ' tn÷ wjia:d
lsysmhla my; ±lafõ'
cd; l¾u
¡ Wmf;a § isÿ l< hq;=
isß;a úß;a"
kdulrK -¡ kï ;eîu
l¾Kfõok -¡ lkaú§u
wka;m%dYdk -¡ b÷,a lg.Eu
úoHdrïN ¡ wOHdmkh weröu
^wl=re lshùu&
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
,xldfõ o w;S;fha isg u
flfkl=f.a W;am;a;sfhka miqj kï
;eîu" b÷,a lg.Eu" wl=re lshùu" újdyh
jeks wjia:dj, W;aij meje;aùfï
isß;la mej;=‚'
mrmqfrka mrmqrg Wreu ùfuka
j¾;udkfha mjd fun÷ wjia:dj,
W;aij meje;afõ' fïjd fndfyda úg
ksjdi wdY%s;j isÿ lrk W;aij fõ' Bg
wu;rj ck;dj tl;= ù mj;ajk fmdÿ
W;aij /ila o mj;S' rcrg YsIagdpdr
iufha § meje;ajQ tn÷ W;aij lsysmhla
my; ±lafõ'
fjila W;aijh
c, l%Svd W;aijh
jmau`.=,a W;aijh
j¾;udk iudcfha o j¾Ifha hï
hï ld, mßÉfþoj, mj;ajk W;aij
/ila mj;S' fjila W;aijh" wei,
fmryr" WmiïmÞ W;aijh wdÈhg
w;S;fha isg mej;s hï hï W;aij yd
isß;a úß;aj, wdNdih ,eî ;sfí' tAjd
o mrmqfrka mrmqrg meñ‚ wiamDYH
Wreufõ'
wfma rfÜ fn!oaO" yskaÿ" bia,dï
yd ls%ia;shdks wdÈ úúO wd.ï woyk
ck;dj Ôj;a fj;s' tA tA wd.ï yd
ixialD;Skaj, pdß;% jdß;% wdÈh úúO
fõ' isxy, wjqreÿ W;aijh fndfyda úg
fn!oaO isß;a úß;aj,g uq,a ;ekla §
meje;afõ' yskaÿ ck;djf.a ff;fmdx.,a
W;aijh yd bia,dï ck;djf.a rduidka
W;aijh wdÈfhys tA tA wd.ñl isß;a
úß;aj,g uq,a ;ekla ,efí' fï ish¨
W;aij iu. ne¢ isß;a úß;a mrmqfrka
mrmqrg meñ‚ wiamDYH Wreuhls'
48
rEmh 3'18 uykqjr o<od fmryer
l%shdldrlu
;ukag
iïnkaO
W;aij
wjia:djla f;dardf.k tys we;s
pdß;% jdß;% ms<sn| f;dr;=re
mka;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
iajNdj O¾ufhka yd ndysr
wdNdifhka we;s jQ ±kqu yd mqreÿ
È.= b;sydihla we;s rgla jYfhka
w;S; ñksia woa±lSï weiqfrka Wreu jQ
idïm%Þhsl ±kqï iïNdrhla wm i;=j mj;S'
lDIsld¾ñl lafIa;%fha § jeõ ;ekùu"
fidfrdõj ieliSu" we< ud¾. ;ekSu"
fNda. jemsÍu" j.dj /l n,d .ekSu"
wiajkq fk<Su wdÈh w;S;fha idïm%Þhsl
±kqu jYfhka mej;=‚' j.djg je,f`ok
f,v frda." tAjdg fhÈh hq;= ms<shï" flï
l%u jeks foa o tfia mrmqfrka mrmqrg
49
mej;s idïm%Þhsl ±kqug WÞyrK
fõ' idïm%Þhsl ffjoH l%u" jvq
l¾udka;h" ue‚la l¾udka;h
wdÈ fndfyda Ys,am l%uj, fun÷
idïm%Þhsl ±kqula mj;S' tAjd o
cd;shla i;= wiamDYH Wreufha
fldgils'
idïm%Þhsl l,d Ys,am
furg idïm%Þhsl l,d
Ys,am foi n,k úg w;S;fha
isg meñ‚ ±kqu j¾;udkfha
mjd tA tA l,d Ys,am fjkqfjka
fhdÞ .kakd nj fmfka' leghï
l,dj" ì;= is;=jï l,dj" meÿre
úùu" ms;a;, NdKav ;ekSu yd
Tm ±óu" fjia uqyqKq yd rElv
l,dj" ,dlaId l,dj wdÈh thg
WÞyrK jYfhka ±laúh yels h'
wfma
ixialD;sl
wdrlaId lsÍu
rEmh 3'19 meÿre úùu
Wreuh
rEmh 3'20 mka fld<j,ska ilia l< w;a nE.a yd miqïì
l=vd rgla jqj o bmer‚
b;sydihla yd ixialD;sl Wreu
/ila wm rg i;= nj fuu
mdvfï § Tng jegfykakg we;'
iamDYH yd wiamDYH jYfhka
fjka lr we;s fuu ixialD;sl
Wreuh mrïmrdfjka mrïmrdjg
/l .ksñka meñKs j¾;udk
iudchg Wreu ù ;sfí'
rEmh 3'21 ms;a;, leghï l,dj
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
50
fjia uqyqKq yd rElv
l,dj
úúO Ydka;sl¾u
yd
n,s
f;dú,a
Wfoid fjia uqyqKq
ks¾udKh flßK'
fuys § hlaI yd foaj
rEm fndfyda úg fjia
uqyqKq i|yd fhdÞ
.efka'
ix;%dih
yd
f;aci
jeks
yeÕSï cks; lsÍug
rEmh 3'22
fjia uqyqKq fhdÞ f.k we;' wïn,xf.dv yd Wvqms, jeks Y%S ,xldfõ ol=Kq
m%foaYhg wh;a .ïudk fjia uqyqKq ks¾udKh i|yd m%isoaêhg m;aj ;sfí'
,dlaId Ñ;% l,dj
rEmh 3'23
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
lkao Wvrg m%foaYh
fï l¾udka;hg jvd;a
m%isoaO h' lemafmÜáhd
YdLfha jik ,dlaId
lDñhdf.a Y%djhlska
fuu
l¾udka;h
i|yd jQ wuqøjH ilid
.efka' yerñá" nia;ï"
±j fymamq" n÷ka" .Dy
NdKav" jgdm;a ñá"
fiai;a yd mqiafld<
fmd;a wdÈfha msg;
w,xlrKh
i|yd
,dlaId
l¾udka;h
fhdÞ .eksK'
51
wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh /l .ekSfï
jákdlu
r`M l`M .,lska jqj o ÿgqjkaf.a
fk;a is;a mskjk b;d Wiia l,d;aul
ks¾udK u;= lr .ekSug wfma w;S;
uq;=ka ñ;af;da iu;a jQy' ks¾udKYS,S;ajh
yd tA ms<sn|j jQ ±kqu" rg" ±h" wd.u
ms<sn|j Tjqka ;=< ;snQ hym;a wdl,am yd
Tjqkaf.a tu woa±lSï fuu Wreuhka iuÕ
ne£ mj;sk neúka wkd.; mrmqrg o tAjd
,nd .ekSu i|yd wfma Wreuhka /l .;
hq;= h'
f,dalfha mj;sk úúO rgj,g tA
rgj,g wdfõ‚l jQ ixialD;Ska we;'
tu úúO ixialD;Ska w;r Y%S ,dxlsl
ixialD;sh f,dj yuqfõ ±laùug yd wfma
wNsudkh fmkaùug wfma ixialD;sl
Wreuh wdrlaId lr .ekSu jeo.;a fõ'
wfma ixialD;sfhka f,dal Wreu njg
m;a jQ ia:dk yhla ms<sn| Tn óg fmr
§ bf.k .kakg we;' tfia f,dal Wreu
ìys ùfuka wfma cd;sl Wreu ms<sn| f,dj
u ±kqïj;a fjhs' th wmf.a ixpdrl
l¾udka;fha ÈhqKqjg o fya;= fõ'
w;S; Wreuh j¾;udk iudcfha
meje;aug WmldÍ ù we;s whqre thska o
meyeÈ,s fõ'
ixialD;sl Wreuhka o tfia h'
w;S;fhka Wreu jQ hym;a isß;a úß;a yd
mqreÿ j¾;udk iudcfha meje;aug wjYH
fõ' fï ish¨ ixialD;sldx. wmg Wreu
jQfha mer‚ uq;=ka ñ;a;ka tAjd wdrlaId
fldg wmg Þhdo l< neúks' tneúka tAjd
wdrlaId fldg wkd.; mrmqr fjkqfjka
/l .ekSu wfma j.lSuls'
l%shdldrlu
wfma
ixialD;sl
Wreuh
/l.ksuq" hk ud;Dldj hgf;a
rpkdjla ,shkak'
wfma mer‚ uq;=ka ñ;a;kaf.a
ks¾udKYS,S;ajh" l,d;aul yelshd" olaI
bxðfkare Ys,amh" ;dlaIKh ms<sn| ±k
.ekSfuka wfma rg ms<sn| wNsudkhla"
we,aula we;s fõ'
wfma m%Odk wdydrh jk n;a i|yd
wjYH zùZ ;ju;a j.d lrkafka w;S;
uq;=ka ñ;a;ka Wreu lr ÿka jeõ wuqKq
moaO;sh weiqfrks'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
52
4
miqld,Sk md,k uOHia:dk
ye`Èkaùu
wkqrdOmqr rdcOdksh jir 1500l muK
o fmdf<dkakre rdcOdksh jir 150l
muK o ld, mßÉfþohla mej;=Kq nj
Tn óg fmr bf.k f.k we;' fufia
wkqrdOmqr yd fmdf<dkakre rdcOdks
mej;s wjê rcrg YsIagdpdrh f,i
ye¢kafõ' l%s' j' 1215 § fmdf<dkakre
rdcOdksh ì| jeàfï isg l%s' j 1415 §
fldaÜfÜ rdcOdksh wdrïN jk f;la jQ
jir 200l ld,h ;=< rdcH uOHia:dk
myla mej;=‚' fufia rdcH uOHia:dk
fyj;a w.k.r fjkia ùug n,mE
fya;=" tA tA rdcOdksj, isá fYa%IaG
md,lhka" fï ld,j, § rfÜ m%.;shg
fya;= jQ lreKq" foaYmd,k wd¾Ól
ch.%yK wdÈh ms<sn| fuu mdvfï §
Tng bf.kSug ,efnkq we;'
m<uqjk úchndyq" uyd mrdl%undyq
jeks fY%AIaG rcjrekaf.a md,k uOHia:dkh
jQ
fmdf<dkakrej
ksYaYxlu,a,
rc;=udf.ka wk;=rej mßydkshg m;a ùug
lreKq ie,iq‚' ksYaYxlu,a, rcqg miqj
tys ÿ¾j, md,lhka n,hg m;a jQ w;r tA
lsisfjl=g fyda foaYmd,k ia:djr;ajhla
f.dvke.Sug yelshdj fkd ,enq‚'
fufia rdcOdksh ÿ¾j, fjñka mj;sk úg
bkaÈhdfõ ld,sx. foaYfha isg meñKs ud>
kï wdl%u‚lfhla úYd, yuqÞjla iu.
,xldjg f.dvneiafia h' 1215 j¾Ifha
§ isÿ jQ ud>f.a wdl%uKhg uqyqK §ug
tjlg fmdf,dkakrefõ md,lhdj isá
mrdl%u mdKavH rcqg fkdyels úh' fï
ksid wdl%u‚lfhda rcrg w,a,d .;ay'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
ud>f.a yuqÞj fmdf<dkakrej w,a,df.k
isáh§ úúO wdrlaIs; ia:dkj, n,fldgq
;kdf.k wdl%u‚lhdg ol=Kg tAug
bv fkd§ rg;a ck;dj;a wdrlaId l<
kdhlhka lsysm fofkl= .ek uydjxifha
i|yka fõ'
™
ñ‚fma
.xfo‚h
m¾j;fha
n,fldgqjla msysgqjdf.k issá ixL
fifkú
™
hdmyqj l÷ uqÿfkys n,fldgqjla
;kdf.k isá iqN fifkú
™
reyqfKa f.daúkao u,h l÷
uqÿfka n,fldgqjla ;kdf.k isá
nqjfklndyq wdÈmdo;=ud
wdÈyq" fuf,i i;=re yuqÞj, .uka
u. je,elajQ kdhlfhda h' fudjqkaf.a
l%shdj,sh ksid 4'1 is;shfï fmfkk
wdldrhg ol=Kg wdl%u‚lhka meñŒu
je,l=Kq wdldrh Tng jegfykq we;'
fuu kdhlhka ud>f.a yuqÞj
ol=Kg meñŒu je,elaùug iu;a jqj;a
Yla;su;a rdcOdkshla ìys lsÍug lghq;=
l< njla fkd fmfka' tu wNsfhda.h
ch .ekSug l%shd lf<a jkaks kdhlfhl=
f,i m%isoaOj isá ;=kajk úchndyq rc;=ud
h' t;=ud oUfo‚ rdcOdksh msysgqúh'
oUfo‚ rdcH msysgqùfuka miqj fldaÜfÜ
rdcH werfUk f;la rdcH uOHia:dk
lsysmhla mej;=‚'
fufia jßka jr rdcOdks ìys ùug
fya;= lsysmhla n,md ;sfí'
1' wdrlaIl fya;=
2' wd¾Ól fya;=
53
iQÑh
is;shu 4'1 Y%S ,xldfõ mer‚ m%foaY fn§ï
fmdf<dkakre rdcH ì|jeàfuka miqj
.; jQ jir 200l ld,fha § w¨;a rc
fm<m;a lsysmhla n,hg m;a úh' tla
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
tla ld,j, fï rdcH Wreulrejka w;r
mej;s .egqï jeks wNHka;r fya;= fuka u
úfoaY rgj,ska t,a, jQ wdl%u‚l ;¾ck
54
iQÑh
oUfoKsh
is;shu 4'2 fmdf,dkakre rdcOdksfhka miqj mej;s rdcOdks lsysmhla
jeks ndysr fya;= o ksid w.kqjr wdrlaId
lr .ekSu m%uqL;ajfhys ,d ie,lS h' fï
ksid oUfo‚fhka hdmyqjg;a bka miq
l=rKE.,g;a miqj .ïfmd<g;a jYfhka
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
wdrlaIdj m;d úáka úg jvd;a ys;lr
ia:dkj,g w.kqjr udre flß‚'
fuu ld,fha § f,dalfha isÿ jQ kj
fjf<| m%jK;d wkqj ,xldfõ úfoaY
55
fjf<| lghq;=j, kj;djla we;s úh'
rcrg YsIagdpdr iufha idïm%Þhsl
fjf<`odug fhdod .;a w,s" we;=ka"
uq;= ue‚la wdÈhg fuka u fï ld,fha
§ ,xldfõ l=`Mnvqj,g;a ie,lsh hq;=
b,a¨ula we;s úh' fï ksid l=`Mnvq
nyq,j jejqKq f;;a l,dmh wd¾Ól
lghq;=j,g jvd;a ys;lr úh' fun÷
ndysr wd¾Ól fya;=j,g wu;rj
lDIsld¾ñl yd fjf<| lafIa;%j,
uqyqK
ÿka
wNHka;r
wd¾Ól
;;a;ajhka o fï i|yd n,md ;sfí'
rcrg jdß ud¾. moaO;sh úkdY ù
l,la tu m%foaY w;yer ±óu ksid
kej; tAjd ixj¾Okh lsÍu ÿIalr
úh' f;;a l,dmhg iqÿiq wkaoñka
l=vd l=Uqre j.dj" fy,au¨ j.dj jeks
kj j.d l%uj,g ck;dj yqre úh'
;K yd,a" fufkaß jeks lgqir fNda.
yd t<j`M" m<;=re j.dj o mej;=‚'
fun÷ wdrlaIl wjYH;d yd wd¾Ól
fya;= ksid rdcH uOHia:dkh f;;a
l,dmh wdY%s;j f.dvke.=Kq nj
fmfka'
rEmh 4'1 oUfoKs rc ud,s.djg msúiSug we;s msh.egfmf<a
fldgila rcrg YsIagdpdrfhka miqj rdcOdks msysgqjd
.;af;a fujeks wdrlaIs; ia:dkj, h'
oUfo‚ rdcOdks iuh
^l%s' j' 1232-1272&
;=kajk úchndyq rc;=ud
^l%s' j' 1232¡1236&
m%foaYSh kdhlfhl= jQ ;=kajk
úchndyq rc;=ud oUfo‚h w.kqjr
lrf.k rdcH;ajhg m;a úh' tjlg Y%S
,xldfõ reyqKq" msysá" udhd jYfhka
m%foaYSh fn§ula mej;=‚' fï w;=ßka
udhd rg tlafiai;a lr .ekSug ;=kajk
úchndyq rc;=udg yels úh'
ld,sx. ud>f.a wdl%uKh isÿ jQ
wjia:dfõ § NslaIQka jykafia,d oka;
Od;=j yd md;%d Od;=j fld;au,hg /f.k
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
f.dia wdrlaId iys; ;ekl ;ekam;a lr
;enQy' ;=kj
a k úchndyq rc;=ud fï mQckSh
jia;+ka oUfo‚hg jevujd lE.,a,
Èia;%slalfha fn,s., l÷ uqÿfka o<od
ue÷rla bÈ lr tys ;ekam;a lf<a h'
th" t;=udf.ka isÿ jQ úYsIag fiajhls'
,xldfõ rclu ,nd .ekSu i|yd rcq"
o<od jykafiaf.a ysñlrejd úh hq;= hehs
úYajdihla ck;dj w;r ;sì‚' fï ksid
;=kajk úchndyq rcqg uyck iyfhda.h
,enqKq nj ksiel h'
™
fojk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud
^l%s' j' 1236 ¡ 1270&
;=kajk úchndyq rc;=udf.ka miqj
t;=udf.a jeäuy,a mq;a fojk mrdl%undyq
l=urd rcq njg m;a úh'
56
rEmh 4'2 fn,s., úydria:dkh
t;=ud kej; jrla ,xldj tlafiai;a
fldg iduldó rgla ìys lf<a h' ta
i`oyd wNsfhda. /ila ch .ekSug fojk
mrdl%undyq rcqg isÿ úh' i;=rkaf.ka rg
ksoyia lr .ekSu tA w;r m%Odk fõ' tys
§ igka ;=kla lsÍug rcqg isÿ úh'
1' ld,sx. ud> m,jd yeÍu'
2' pkaøNdkq rcqf.a m<uqjk wdl%uKh
mrdch lsÍu'
3' pkaøNdkq rcqf.a fojk wdl%uKh
mrdch lsÍu'
ld,sx. ud> mrdch lsÍu
l%s' j' 1215 isg jir 40la muK
ld,hla ud> furg /£ isáfha h' ud>f.a
yuqÞ mrdchg m;a fldg rcrg h<s
w;am;a lr .ekSu i|yd úYd, igkla
lsÍug fojk mrdl%undyq rcqg isÿ úh'
wjidkfha § fmdf<dkakre k.rh jg,d
rcq t,a, l< m%ydrhlska ud>f.a yuqÞj
mrdchg m;a úh'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
pkaøNdkqf.a wdl%uK
pkaøNdkq hkq w.aksÈ. wdishdfõ
u,h w¾Ooaùmfha isg ,xldjg meñ‚
wdl%u‚lfhls' fyf;u fojrla ,xldj
wdl%uKh lf<a h'
fuu wjia:d fofla § u pkaøNdkq
mrdch lsÍug fojk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud
iu;a úh'
fojk mrdl%undyq
rcqf.ka isÿ jQ fiajdjka
³ ;u msh rc;=ud fn,s., ;ekam;a
lr ;snQ o<odj fojk mrdl%undyq
rc;=ud oUfo‚hg jevu lrùu'
³ oUfo‚fha
;ekùu'
kj
o<od
ue`ÿrla
³ foajm;srdc weu;sjrhd ,jd rfÜ
ixj¾Ok jev lghq;= isÿ lrùu'
³ Y%S mdoia:dkhg hk ud¾.h jeä
ÈhqKq lrùu'
³ Whka ;ekùu" md,ï iEoùu yd
fmd,a jeks fNda. j.d lrùu wdÈ
ixj¾Ok lghq;= lrùu'
57
fY%aIaG mçjrfhl= ùu
fojk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud isxy,"
md,s" ixialD; jeks NdId yeoEre úYsIag
W.f;ls' fï ksid —l,sld, idys;H
i¾j{ mKaä;˜ hk Wmdê kdufhka
t;=ud msÿï ,eî h' lõis`MñK t;=ud
rpkd l< lD;shls'
m<uqjk nqjfklndyq rc;=udf.kaa
rgg isÿ jQ jeo.;a fiajdjka /ila w;=ßka
lsysmhla fufia h'
¾
hdmyqfõ o<od ue`ÿrla bÈ lsÍu'
¾ fn!oaO fmd;a m;a rpkd lrùu'
¾ ñirh ^Bðma;=j& iu. fjf<|
iïnkaO;d meje;aùu'
ñirh
iu.
fjf<|
in|;d
mj;ajdf.k
hdug
m<uqjk
nqjfklndyq rc;=ud
ñirfha
lhsfrda
k.rhg ¥; msßila
hjd ;sfí' tu ¥;
msßi w; hejQ ,smshl
iemhsh yels fjf<|
øjH .ek i|yka lr
;sfí'
rEmh 4'3 hdmyqj
hdmyqj rdcOdksh
fojk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud l%s'j' 1270
j¾Ifha § muK ñh .sh fyhska Tyqf.a
mq;a y;rjk úchndyq oUfo‚fha rclug
m;a úh' jir folla hk úg rc jdif,a
we;s jQ l=uka;%Khlska y;rjk úchndyq
rc;=ud ñh .sfha h' wk;=rej Tyqf.a
ifydaorhd jQ m<uqjk nqjfklndyq ^l%s' j'
1272-¡1284& rclug m;a ù jvd;a wdrlaId
iys; ia:dkhla jQ hdmyqj ;u rdcH
uOHia:dkh f,i f;dard .;af;a h'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
l=reKE., hq.h
m<uqjk nqjfklndyq rcqf.ka miqj
t;=udf.a mq;d" fojk nqjfklndyq kñka
rc úh' fyf;u l=reKE., ;u rdcOdksh
njg m;a lr .;af;a h'
fojk
nqjfklndyq
rcqf.ka
wk;=rej n,hg m;a Tyqf.a mq;a y;rjk
mrdl%undyq rc;=ud l=reKE., hq.fha isá
fY%aIaG md,lfhlaa fõ'
58
l=reKE., hq.fha isÿ jQ fiajdjka(
¾ md,s NdIdfjka ,shd ;snQ mkaish
mkia cd;l fmd; isxy,hg
mßj¾;kh lsÍu'
¾ o<od isß;" isxy, fndaê jxih"
wkd.; jxYh jeks idys;H
lD;s rpkd ùu'
.ïfmd< hq.h
l=reKE.,
rdcOdksfhka
miqj
y;rjk
nqjfklndyq
rcq
hgf;a
.ïfmd< rdcOdksh wdrïN úh' .ïfmd<
hq.h jk úg wd¾h pl%j¾;SS rc mrmqr
hgf;a hdmkfha rdcOdkshla mej;s w;r
w,flaYajr mrmqr hgf;a rhs.u mej;sKs'
y;rjk nqjfklndyq rcqf.ka miqj
miajk nqjfklndyq .ïfmd< rclug
m;a úh' .ïfmd< rdcOdks iufha isÿ jQ
jeo.;a lreKq lsysmhla fufia h'
z rcqg wu;rj ksYaYxl w,flaYajr
yd fiakd,xldêldr hkqfjka
n,j;=ka fofofkl= isàu'
z ksYaYxl w,flaYajr weu;sjrhd
fldaÜfÜ n,fldgqjla ;kjd
wd¾h pl%j¾;SSkaf.a yuqÞj mrdch
lsÍu'
z bnka n;+;d kï wrdì cd;sl
ixpdrlhd ,xldjg meñŒu'
z .ïfmd< hq.h wjidkfha Ökfha
fpx¡fyda
fifkúhd
,xldj
wdl%uKh lsÍu'
z .v,dfo‚ úydrh" ,xld;s,l
úydrh yd weïnelafla foajd,h
bÈ lsÍu'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
rEmh 4'4 ,xld;s,l úydrh
rEmh 4'5 .v,dfo‚ úydrh
fldaÜfÜ hq.h
.ïfmd< rdcOdksh msßysfuka miqj
yhjk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud hgf;a fldaÜfÜ
rdcOdksh wdrïN úh' t;=udf.a mshd
chuyf,a keue;af;ls' uj iqfka;%d foaúh
jQjd h' t;=ud jkaks m%foaYh yd hdmkh
hg;a fldg rg tlafiai;a lf<a h'
hdmk m%foaYh hg;a lr .ekSu
i|yd yhjk mrdl%undyq rc;=ud úiska
imqu,a l=ure tys hjk ,È' imqu,a l=ure
igka lr hdmkh w,a,d .;af;a h' Wvrg
m%foaYSh md,lhd jQ fcda;sh isgdfKdaa rcqg
úreoaOj Wvrg m%foaYfha le/,a,la we;s
l<y' rc;=ud wïnq¨., l=udrhd hjd tu
le/,a, u¾okh lf<a h'
59
rEmh 4'6 lEr., moaudj;S msßfjk
fldaÜfÜ hq.fha § isÿ jQ jeo.;a isÿùï
lsysmhla my; mßÈ h'
1. yhjk mrdl%undyq rcq hgf;a
kej;;a tlai;a yd iduldó md,khla
,xldfõ we;sùu'
2' rfÜ wOHdmk m%fndaOhla we;sùu
yd m%Odk msßfjka lsysmhla wdrïN
ùu' mems,shdfka iqfka;%d foaú msßfjk"
lEr., moaudj;S msßfjk Bg
WÞyrK fõ'
hdmkh rdcOdksh
fmdf<dkakre rdcOdksh ì| jeàfuka
miq hdmkh uq,a lr f.k m%foaYSh rdcHhla
ìys úh' —hd,amdk ffjmjudff,˜ yd
—fYa.rdifialrudff,˜ hk .%ka: fï
rdcH .ek f;dr;=re imhk uQ,dY%hka
fõ' hdmkh rc mrïmrdj wd¾h pl%j¾;S
mrmqr f,i ye¢kafõ' tu rc mrïmrdfõ
3' W.;a mçjreka- msßila
ìys ùu' ùÞ.u ffu;%S ysñ"
f;dg.uqfõ Y%S rdyq, ysñ fï
w;ßka lemS fmfka'
4' úYsIag idys;H lD;s /ila
,shùu" ie<,sys‚" yxi" .srd
hk ixfoaY" merl=ïnd isß;"
ldjHfYaLrh tn÷ idys;H
lD;s fõ'
rEmh 4'7 k,aƾ fldaú,
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
60
wdrïNlhd
úch
l=,xff.
wd¾h
pl%j¾;S fõ' fun÷ md,lhka 12 fofkl=
isá njg f;dr;=re ;sfí' .ïfmd< hq.fha
§ yd fldaÜfÜ hq.fha § hdmkh rdcH
m%Odk rdcOdkshg hg;a flre‚' tfy;a
miqj hdmkfha rcjre h<s ;u n,h
msysgqjd .;ay' mD;=.SiSka meñfKk úg
hdmkh md,kh lrk ,oafoa ixls,s rcq
úisks' 1619 j¾Ifha § mD;=.SiSyq hdmkh
wdl%uKh fldg ;u wdêm;Hhg hg;a
l<y'
l%shdldrlu
§ we;s rel=,a mo weiqßka my; m%fya,sldj iïmQ¾K
lrkak'
1
3
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4
6
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my<g
idrdxYh
z rcrg YsIagdpdr iufhka miqj
wdrlaIdj yd wd¾Ól fya;= u;
furg rdcOdks flá ld,hla
w;r;=r ;ekska ;ekg udre úh'
z foaYmd,k ia:djr;ajhla mej;s
wjêj,
wd¾Ól
ÈhqKqjla
mej;=‚' tu ld,j, wdOHdmksl
yd wd.ñl wxYj, o Wkak;shla
we;s úh'
z n,h ,nd .ekSu i|yd wNHka;r
iy ndysr wr., we;sùu fuu
ld,fha isÿ úh'
z foaYSh md,lfhl= úiska wjika
jrg Èjhsk tlafiai;a lrkq
,enqfõ fldaÜfÜ md,k iufha §
h'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
1' lkao hk wre;a foa'
2' lDIsl¾uh i`oyd w;HjYH fohls'
3' l=reKE., y÷kajk ;j;a kuls'
5' ol=Kq bkaÈhdkq rc fm<m;ls'
6' W;=f¾ msysá m%Odk md,k uOHia:dkh
8' ,S leghï i|yd m%isoaO foajd,hls
9' Y%S ,xldj iu. fjf<| in|;d meje;ajQ rgls
12' reyqKq" msysá" udhd md,k m%foaY ye¢kajQfha
fukñks'
14' Y%S ,xldfõ msysá m%foaYSh n, uOHia:dkhls
15' rcrg m%foaYh wdl%uKh l< ol=Kq bkaoshdkq
rdcHhls'
yryg
4' .ïfmd< hq.hg wh;a úydrhls'
7' l=reKE., rdcOdkshg miq ìys jQ rdcOdksh'
10' fcda;sh isgdKkaf.a le/,a, uevmeje;ajQfha
fudyq úisks'
11' k.rh hk wre; foa'
13' Y%S ,xldfõ mer‚ m%foaY fn§uls'
16'm<uqjk nqjfklndyq rc;=udf.a md,k
uOHia:dkh hs'
17' mkaish mkia cd;l fmd; isxy,g mßj¾;kh
lf<a fuu hq.fha h'
61
5
hqfrdaamfha mer‚ YsIagdpdr
.%Sl YsIagdpdrh
ye`Èkaùu
msysàu
f,dalfha mej;s mer‚ YsIagdpdr
ms<sn| 6 fY%a‚fha § bf.k .;a nj
Tng u;l we;' tu YsIagdpdrj, jeä
f;dr;=re m%udKhla uE; ld,fha
mqrdúoHd leKSSï u.ska fidhd .;a
tAjd fõ' fuys § wjOdkh fhduq lrk
.%Slh yd frdau YsIagdpdr tfia ld,hla
idys;H f,dalfhka wE;aj ;snQ tAjd
fkd fõ' .%Sl" frdau YsIagdpdr u.ska
kQ;k hqfrdamd YsIagdpdrh fmdaIKh
,eîu lemS fmfkk ,laIKhls'
mer‚ .%Sl yd frdau YsIagdpdrj,
lemS fmfkk ,laIK ms<sn| fuu
mdvfuka wjOdkh fhduq flf¾'
ngysßka wfhdakshdkq uqyqog;a
kef.kysßka Bðhka uqyqog;a ueÈj
uOHOrŒ uqyqog fkrd msysá w¾Ooaùmh
iy Bg ol=‚ka we;s l%Sg ¥m; we;=`M ¥m;a
iuQyh uq,a lrf.k .%Sl YsIagdpdrh ìys
úh' fuu YsIagdpdrhg wh;a ¥m;a w;ßka
úYd, u ¥m; l%Sg Èjhsk fõ'
.%Sish l÷j,ska msß rgls' tA w;ßka
w,xldr T,sïmia lkao jvd;a m%isoaêhg
m;aj we;' fuu l÷ jeá w;=ßka .,d
niakd c, ud¾. ksid lDIsl¾udka;hg
fhda.H mßirhla mej;=‚' tys mej;s
fi!uH foaY.=Kh i;a;aj md,khg
fuka u ck Ôú;hg o ys;lr úh'
.%Sl YsIagdpdrh
is;shu 5'1 .%Sl YsIagdpdrh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
62
lvf;d¨ jQ fjr< wdY%s;j
iajdNdúl jrdhka /ila msysgd ;sîu"
mer‚ .%Sisfha úfoaY iïnkaO;dj,g
fuka u fjf<| lghq;=j,g o Wmldß
úh'
.%Sl YsIagdpdrfha wdrïNh
.%Sl YsIagdpdrh wdrïN ùug
fmr l%Sg Èjhsk uq,a lrf.k mer‚
YsIagdpdrhla mej;=‚' th ñfkdajkaa
YsIagdpdrh f,i ye¢kafõ'
wjg m%foaYj,ska úúO f.da;% yd
ck lKavdhï meñŒu ksid ñfkdajka
YsIagdpdrh mßydkshg m;a úh' tu f.da;%
yd ck fldgia l=vd .ïudk msysgqjd
.ekSfuka l%s' mQ' 2000 muK jk úg .%Sl
YsIagdpdrh werô‚'
md,kh
by; i|yka l< úúO f.da;% yd
ck fldgia msysgq jQ .ï ÈhqKq ù k.r
ìys úh' fufia ÈhqKq jQ k.r wdY%s; j
l%s' mQ' 700 muK jk úg k.r rdcH /ila
ìys úh' .%Sisfha mej;s fuu k.r rdcH
fm!r rdcH" f,i ye¢kafõ' fm!r fyj;a
mqr hkq k.rhg Ndú; flfrk ;j;a
kuls' tu fm!r rdcH w;=ßka we;kaia"
iamdgd m%Odk k.r rdcH f,i ie,fla'
fm!r
rdcHj,
úfYaIfhka
we;kaia rdcHfha
mqrjeisfhda tl
;eklg /iaj idlÉPd fldg foaYmd,k
;SrK
.;ay'
fufia
mqrjeishka
;uka u md,k lghq;=j,g iïnkaO ùu
Rcq m%cd;ka;%jdoh f,i ye¢kafõ' tu.ska
kQ;k f,dalfha mj;sk md¾,sfïka;=
m%cd;ka;%jdohg moku jegq‚'
fmßla,Sia kï md,lhdf.a ld,h
.%Sisfhaa úfYaIfhka we;kaia rdcHfha
iaj¾Kuh hq.h f,i ye¢kafõ' Tyq
we;kaia k.r uOHfha we;s l=vd l÷
.eghl wefl%dfmd,sia fyj;a w. k.rh
bÈ lf<a h'
miq lf,l .%Sl fm!r rdcH tlsfkld
wìnjd ke.S isàug W;aidy lf<a h' fï
wiu.sfhka m%fhdack .;a ueisfvdakshdfõ
ms,sma rcq .%Sish wdl%uKh lf<a h' Tyqf.a
yÈis ur‚ka miq ms,sma rcqf.a mq;a uyd
wef,laiekav¾ .%Sish w,a,df.k tys rc
úh'
l%shdldrlu
.%Sisfha is;shu msgm;a lrf.k tys
we;kaia" iamdgd" fldßka;a hk
k.r;a l%Sg Èjhsk" wfhdakshdkq
uqyqo" Bðhka uqyqo yd T,sïmshd lkao
,l=Kq lr kï lrkak'
fuu fm!r rdcHj, lemS fmfkk
,laIK lsysmhla olakg ,efí'
¾ N+ñ m%foaYh l=vd ùu'
¾ ck.ykh iSñ; ùu'
¾ mqrjeishkag muKla foaYmd,k
whs;sjdislï ,eîu'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
63
rEmh 5'1 .%Sljreka ksmojQ w,xldr ueá n÷ka
wd¾Ólh
fjf<|du
mer‚ .%Sl ck Ôú;h" f.dú;ek" i;aj
md,kh yd fjf<|du u; mokïj ;snq‚'
f.dú;ek
—
;sßÕ=" nd¾,s jeks OdkH yd ñÈ
T,sõ wdÈh m%Odk j.djka úh'
—
bkaÈhdj" Ökh" Y%S ,xldj jeks
wishd;sl rgj,a iu. o fjf<|
iïnkaO;d meje;aù h'
—
.%Sljreka Y%S ,xldj ye¢kajQfha
;efm%dfíka hk kñks'
—
iqj`o ú,jqka" w,xldr ueá
n÷ka" ,skka frÈ" jhska wdÈh
.%Sljrekaf.a fjf<| NdKav úh'
ck Ôú;h
rEmh 5'2 T,sõ .ila
i;a;aj md,kh
—
.jhka" t`Mjka" neg`Mjka jeks
i;=ka we;s lrkq ,eì‚'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
mer‚ .S%l ck iudch m%N+ka"
idudkH jeishka yd jy¨ka hk
mqoa., fldgia ;=klska iukaú;
úh' mjq, l=vd u tAllh úh' Tjqyq
ir, meje;aulg yqrej isáhy'
wdydr mdk
¾ t<j`M" uia" ud`M" nd¾,s" jhska
wdydrmdk f,i Ndú; úh'
64
rEmh 5'3 .%Sisfha mer‚ ksjil wkqrejla
ksjdi
¾ m%N+ ckhdg uy,a ksjdi mej;=‚'
¾ ueo ñÿ, jgd ldur" l=iaish" .nvd
ldur bÈ lr ;snq‚'
¾ idudkH ckhd l=vd ksjdij, Ôj;a
jQy'
l,d lghq;=
.Dy ks¾udK Ys,amh
—
úYd, f.dvke.s,s yd b;d w,xldr
foajia:dk ;ekùug .%Slfhda iu;a
jQy'
—
foajia:dk ;ekùfï § Tm uÜgï
l< yqKq.,a" lsß.re~" j¾Kj;a
msÕka .fvd,a Ndú; lr we;'
—
md;skka foõue÷r fuhg fyd| u
WÞyrKh hs'
a
rEmh 5'4 mer‚ .%Sl ckhdf.a we÷ï me,÷ï
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
65
rEmh 5'5 md;skka foõ ue`ÿr
uQ¾;s yd m%;sud
—
ñksia
isref¾
iajdNdúl;ajh
ksrEmKh jk wdldrfhka uQ¾;s yd
m%;sud ;kjkq ,eî h'
—
ljfm;a; úis lrkakdf.a m%;sudj
WÞyrKhls'
—
m%;sud ks¾udKfha § we;a o;a yd
rka jeks ÿ¾,N øjH mjd Ndú; lr
we;' we;Skd fojÕkf.a m%;sudj
Bg WÞyrKh hs'
kdgH
iqLdka; yd ÿ#Ldka; hkqfjka
kdgH j¾. folla mej;=Ks' Bial,ia"
fifmdla,Sia" hqßmsãia yd weßiafgdmkSia
tl, isá iqm%isoaO kdgHlrejkag
WodyrK fõ'
rEmh 5'6 we;Skd fojÕk
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
66
rEmh 5'7 merKs M<suyka rx. mSGhla
idys;Hh
—
idys;H fmd;a m;a ,sùfï § .%Sl
NdIdj fhdÞ .eks‚'
—
ùr ldjH yd b;sydi l;d" Wiia
idys;H ks¾udK fõ'
—
meisäãia" fyrfvdagia" weßiafgdag,a
yd ;=isäãia" .%Sisfha isá úYsIag
b;sydilrefjda jQy'
wOHdmkh yd o¾Ykh
wOHdmkh
úúO jD;a;slhka" Þ¾Ykslhka"
l,dlrejka ìys lsÍug iu;a ÈhqKq
wOHdmkhla tjl mej;=‚' maf,afgdaf.a
welvñ yd weßiafgdag,af.a ,hsishï
úYsIag wOHdmk wdh;k úh'
o¾Ykh
fidl%àia" maf,afgda" yd weßiafgdag,a
w.%.KH .%Sl od¾Ykslfhda fj;s'
rEmh 5'8 fydau¾
—
fydau¾ lúhdf.a b,shâ iy Täis
.%Sl ùr ldjHj,g WodyrK fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
.%Sl cd;slhl= jk ysfmdl%àia ngysr
ffjoH úoHdfõ mshd f,i ie,fla'
wdlsñãia Wiia .‚;{hl= yd úoHd{hl=
f,i ms<s.efka'
67
wd.u
—
—
—
—
.%Sisfha foaj jkaokdj jeä jYfhka
±l .; yels úh'
.%Sisfha tla tla k.r rdcHj,g
fjka fjka jQ foújre isáhy'
ishqia foúhd .%Sl foaj mrmqf¾
m%Odkshd f,i ie,fla'
ishqiaf.a Èh‚hl f,i ie,flk
we;Skd .%Sisfha jkaokhg md;%
jQ m%Odk fojÕk hs' md;Skka
foajia:dkh weh fjkqfjka bÈ lr
we;'
l%Svdj
l%Svd j¾.
¾ Èùu" u,a,jfmdr" nr bis,Su"
ljfm;a; úis lsÍu .%Sl l%Svdj,g
WÞyrK fõ'
.%Sl YsIagdpdrfhka f,djg Wreu jQ
Þhdo
z
kQ;k
hqfrdamd
YsIagdpdrh
f.dvke.Sug wjYH uQ,sl moku
jegqfKa .%Sl YsIagdpdrfhks'
z
hqfrdamfha foaYmd,kh" idys;H"
úoHdj yd l,dj ìys ùug .%Sl
YsIagdpdrfha m%n, Þhl;ajhla ysñ
úh'
z
.%Sl
Þ¾Ykslhkaf.a
yd
Ñka;lhkaf.a
b.ekaùï kQ;k
hqfrdamd
Ñka;kh
j¾Okh
ùug WmldÍ úh'
z
kQ;k m%cd;;a;%jd§ md,k l%uh
f,djg Wreu jQfha .%Slhkaf.ks'
z
T,sïmsla
l%Svdj
.%Slhkaf.ka
j¾;udk f,djg ,enqKq Þhdohls'
T,sïmsla
l%Svdfõ
wdrïNh
.%Sljrekaf.ka isÿ úh' w;S;fha ishqia
foúhd isys lsÍug isjq jirlg jrla mej;s
T,sïmsla l%Svdjg iEu fm!r rdcHhl u
mqrjeisfhda iyNd.s jQy' T,sïmsla l%Svdj
.%Slhka w;r tluq;=lu ms<sìUq lrk
wjia:djla úh'
l%shdldrlu
my; oelafjk ud;Dld wkqj .%Sl
YsIagdrh ms<sn`o f;dr;=re fidhd fmd;la
ilia lrkak'
wdrïNh
m%Odk ,ËK
f,dalhg Wreu jQ Þhdo
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
rEmh 5'9 ljfm;a; úis lrkakd
68
5'2 frdau YsIagdpdrh
msysàu
b;d,sfha frdau k.rh uq,a lrf.k frdau YsIagdpdrh ìys úh' b;d,sh hkq
uOHOrŒ uqyqog fkrd .sh w¾Ooaùmhls' kef.kysßka wdøshd;sla uqyqfoka o ngysßka yd
ol=Kska uOHOrKS uqyqfoka o fuu w¾Ooaùmh fjkaj ;sfí' W;=ßkaa msysá we,amaia l÷
jeáh ksid b;d,sh hqfrdamfha fiiq rgj,ska fjka fõ' b;d,s N+ñfha rg ueÈka È.g
úys§ .sh" l÷jeáhla fõ' th wemskhska kñka ye|skafõ' fuu l÷ jeáfhka werfUk
ghsn¾ .x.dj osf.a frdaufha isg keõ .uka l< yelsùu" tu k.rfha wNsjDoaêhg fya;=
úh'
f*df,drkaia
we
ms k
hk
s a
wemskSia
id¾äkshdj
is;shu 5'2 frdau YsIagdpdrh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
69
md,k l%uh
wdrïNh
frdau YsIagdpdrh wdrïN ùu ms<sn|
u; lsysmhla ;sfí' hqfrdamfha isg b;d,shg
meñKs ,;skajreka frdauh f.dvke.=fõ
h" hkak tla u;hls' frdñhq,ia keue;s
ùrfhl= úiska frdauh f.dvk.k ,oehs
ckm%jdohla o ;sfí' frdauh w;S;fha isg
jeo.;a fjf<| uOHia:dkhla jQ neúka
fjk;a fmfoiaj,ska meñ‚ ck;dj tu
YsIagdpdrh f.dvke.=fõ hehs woyila o
;sfí'
frdñhq,ia frdau k.rh
ckm%jdoh
;ekùfï
rc mjq,l we;s jQ l=uka;%Khla
ksid rdc Wreulrejka fofofkl= jQ"
w¨; Wmka frdñhq,ia yd Íuia kï
ksjqka orejka fofofkl= Èfha .s,ajd
ueÍug rcq úiska wK lrkq ,eîh'
tu lghq;a; mejrE fiajlhdg orejka
ms<sn| wkqlïmdjla we;s ù Tyq ,Sj,ska
iE¥ f;dá,a,l Tjqka md lr yeßfha
h' ;u megjqka ñh .sh jDl fèkqjlg
.x bjqf¾ § fuu ore fofokd yuq ù
;sfí' jDl fèkqj úiska orejka ;u
.=ydjg f.k f.dia we;s ±ä lrk ,È'
miqj fudjqka f.dm,af,l=g yuq ù Tyq
;u orejka fuka fudjqka /l n,d
.;af;a h' ;reKhka njg m;a jQ Tjqyq
;ukaf.a u rdcOdkshla wdrïN lsÍug
;SrKh l<y' ta wkqj fofokd k.r
bÈ lsÍu wdrïN l<y' tys § frdñhq,iaa
bÈ l< k.rh frdauh f,i kï lrk
,oehs ckm%jdofha i|yka fõ'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
uq,a ld,fha § frdaufha f.da;% fyda
mjq,a mokï lr.;a md,khla meje;sKehs
ie,fla' wk;=rej rdcdKavq l%uhla we;s
úh' l,la .; jk úg rdcdKavql%uh
o mßydkshg m;a ù" l%s' mQ' 509 oS muK
frdaufha iuQydKavq md,k l%uhla wdrïN
úh' tu l%uh hgf;a fldkai,ajreka f,i
ye|skajQ ks,Odßka fofofkl=g md,k
n,;, ,enqKs' Tjqkaf.a lghq;=j,g
iydh ùug fifkÜ iNdjla o mej;=‚'
fufia frdauh foaYmd,k jYfhka
bÈßhg meñŒu;a iu. iuia; b;d,s
w¾Ooaùmh u frdau md,khg hg;a
flreKs' ls%' mQ' 27 § muK frdau wêrdcHh
ìys úh' iamd[a[h" tx.,ka;h" m%xYh
yd uOHOrKS uqyqo wjg m%foaY frdau
wêrdcHhg wh;aj ;snqKs'
l%shdldrlu
frdau jHdma;sh oelafjk is;shul
b;d,s w¾Ooaùmh" frdau k.rh"
ghsn¾ .Õ" we,amaia yd wemskhska
l÷" uOHOrŒ uqyqo" wøshd;sla uqyqo"
fmdïfma k.rh ,l=Kq lrkak'
70
lS¾;su;a frdau md,lfhda
cq,shia iSi¾
½
-cq,shia iSi¾ hkq hqoaO lghq;=j,g
olaI rKY+rfhls'
½
iSi¾ hqla;s.relj frdau md,kh
fufyhjd we;'
T.iagia iSi¾
¾
TlafÜúhia fyj;a T.iagia isi¾
m<uqjk frdau wêrdchd úh
¾
-T.iagia
isi¾f.a
md,k
iuh frdau b;sydifha iaj¾Kuh
hq.h f,i ie,fla'
¾
-frdaufha jeo.;a merKs iaudrl
jk fldf,daishï f.dvke.s,a,"
lerle,a,d kï uyd kdk ;gdlh
fu;=udf.a ld,fha bÈ ù we;'
rEmh 5'10 T.iagia iSi¾
¾ -T.iagia isi¾f.a md,k ld,fha
§ frdau wêrdcHhg wh;aj mej;s
fcrefi,u wi, fn;af,fyfï §
fÊiq;=udf.a W;am;a;sh isÿ ù ;sfí'
rEmh 5'11 uyd kdk ;gdlh
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
71
ck Ôú;h
frdau mjq,l m%Odkshd jQfha mshd
h' Tyq mjqf,a ish¨ lghq;= fufyhù
h' frdau iudcfha ldka;djg o úYd,
n,hla ysñ jQ w;r Tjqka iudcfha by<
;k;=re ord we;' ffjoH jD;a;sh jeks
Wiia jD;a;Skaj, o Tjqka ksr;j we;' uj
mQckSh;ajfhka i,lkq ,eìKs'
iudch
-
m%N+ka" idudkH ck;dj yd jy¨ka
jYfhka iudch fldgia ;=klska iukaú;
úh'
rEmh 5'12
frdaujreka" hg;a l< rgj,ska ñksiqka
úYd, ixLHdjla isrlrejka f,i
frdauhg f.k wd w;r fï msßia jy¨ka
jYfhka m%isoaO fj<|fmdf<a § úl=Kkq
,eìKs'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
k.r ks¾udKh yd ksjdi
ie,iqï iy.; k.r bos lr
;sìKs' m%N+ ck;dj k.rj, iqfLdamfNda.S
ksjdij, Ôj;a jQy' we;eïúg uy,a ksjdi
o bos lr ;sìKs'
c, myiqlï yd fi!LHdrlaIdj
.ek úfYaI ie,ls,a,la olajd we;'
- Eu k.rhla u ud¾. cd,hlska
i
iïnkaO lr ;sìKs' md,ï ;ekùfï
Ys,amh .ek úfYaI oekqula frdaujreka
i;= úh'
rEmh 5'13
frdau m%N+jre iudcfha by< u fldgig
we;=<;a jQy' Tjqyq úis;=re ukaÈrj, Ôj;a
fjñka iqfLdamfNda.S cSú; .; l<y' tla
Okj;a m%N+jrfhl=f.a ksfjil ish .Kkla
jy,a¨ Ôj;a jQy'
72
rEmh 5'14 mer‚ frdau md,ula
^ÿr m%foaYj, isg k.rj,g c,h f.k hdfï § o frdaujre fun÷ md,ï fhdÞ .;ay&
l,dj yd .Dy ks¾udK
.Dy ks¾udK
.S%ljre fuka u frdaujre o Wiia
idys;Hlrefjda jQy' Wiia .oH moH .%ka:
rdYshla frdau f,aLlhka w;ska ,shù we;'
j¾ð,a kï l;=jrhdf.a Bksâ tajdhska tla
Wiia moH .%ka:hls'
frdau fldf,daishu zfrdau k.rfhaZ
bÈ fldg we;s t<suyka l%Svdmsáhls' fuys
mqoa.,hka 50"000lg tljr /ia úh yels
h' fuh f,dj mqÿu yf;ka tlla f,i
ie,fla'
frdaufha bÈ lr we;s kdgH Yd,d"
t<suyka rx. mSG tu jeishkaf.a l,dldó
nj fmkajk kso¾Yk fõ'
meka;shka foajia:dkh frdaudkq
.Dy ks¾udKfha úYsIag;ajh ms<sìUq lrk
úYd, bÈ lsÍuls' frdaudkqjka weoyQ ish¨
foújreka i|yd fuh bos lrkq ,en we;'
uQ¾;s yd m%;sud
frdaudkqjkaf.a l%Svd
úYsIag uQ¾;s Ys,amhla yd m%;sud
l,djla frdaujreka i;= j ;snqKs' kSfrda
wêrdchdf.a hehs ie,flk f,dalv ysi"
frdau uQ¾;s l,dfõ Ôjudk iajrEmhg
w.kd ksoiqkls'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
z .%Slhka fuka mD:q, f,i l%Svd
lghq;=j, fhÿKq njg idOl úr, h'
z frdaudkqjka r: Odjk ;r. meje;ajQ
njg o idOl yuqj ;sfí'
73
rEmh 5'15 frdau fldf,daishu
z
isxyhka jeks i;=ka fhdod f.k
meje;ajQ l%Er" ìysiqKq igkaj,g
Tjqyq leue;a;la oelajQy' fujeks
;r.j, §" ñksiqka yd i;=ka ish
.Kkla muK ñh f.dia we;s nj
weiqj fyd;a Tn mqÿu jkjd we;'
fïjd i|yd jy¨ka iyNd.s lrjd
.;a nj úYajdi flf¾'
fjf<| in|;d
frdauh fndfyda Okj;a k.rhla
jQ w;r th fmr wmr foos. fjf<|
uOHia:dkhla úh' uOHOrKS uqyqo wjg
rgj,a fuka u bkaoshdj" Ökh yd ,xldj
jeks wdishd;sl rgj,a iu. o frdau
fjf<|du meje;sKs' frdau fjf<÷ka
,xldj .ek hï hï lreKq i|yka lr
;sfí'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
Nd;sldNh rcq rejkaje,siEhg msoSu
i|yd frdaufhka mn¿ f.kajQ nj furg
uQ,dY%hj, i|yka fõ'
frdau YsIagdpdrfhka f,djg
Wreu jQ odhdo
z
md,ï
;ekùu"
c,
k<
t<Su" ux udj;a ;ekSfï ;dlaIKh
frdaujrekaf.ka hqfrdamd YsIagdpdrhg
,enqKq odhdohls'
z
ls;=kq oyu ^frdau YsIagdpdrfha
me;sÍ miqj f,dj mqrd jHdma; úh&
z
frdau kS;sh
z
,;ska NdIdj
z
frdau .Dy ks¾udK Ys,amh
74
l%shdldrlu
idrdxYh
™ l%Sg Èjhsk uq,a lrf.k
YsIagdpdrh ìys ùu'
.%Sl
™ we;kaia" iamdgd jeks fm!r rdcH
mej;Su'
™ l,d;aul" úoHd;aul yd Þ¾Yksl
wxYfhka .%Sljreka Wiia ;;a;ajhg
m;a j isàu'
™ j¾;udk f,dalhg mer‚ .%Sl
YsIagdpdrfhka Þhdo /ila Wreu ùu'
™ b;d,sfha frdau k.rh uq,a lrf.k
frdau YsIagdpdrh wdrïN ùu'
1' hqfrdamfha is;shula wdOdrfhka b;d,s
w¾Ooaùmh" frdau k.rh" ghsn¾ .Õ"
we,amaia yd wemskhska l÷" tx.,ka;h"
m%xYh" iamd[a[h y÷kd.kak'
2' frdaudkqjkaf.a l,d;aul ks¾udK"
.Dy ks¾udK" bxðfkare ;dlaI‚l wx.
we;=<;a mska;+r fmd;la ilia lrkak'
3' Y%S ,xldfõ úúO ia:dkj,ska yuq jQ
mqrdK frdau ldis m%o¾Ykh i|yd fld<U
fl!;=ld.drfha ;ekam;a lr ;sfí' tajd
krUd ta yd iïnkaO f;dr;=re oek
.kak'
™ uOHOrKS uqyqo wjg úYd, fmfoil
frdau n,h me;sÍu yd wêrdcHhla
ìys ùu'
™ .%Sljrekaf.ka
miqj
hqfrdamfha
meje;s ÈhqKq u YsIagdpdrh frdaujreka
hgf;a ìysùu'
™ kQ;k f,dalfha wNsjDoaêhg frdau
YsIagdpdrfhka odhdo /ila ,eîu'
න�ොමිනේ නෙදො හැරීම i`oyd h'
75
igyka