BIOCHEMISTRY & MACROMOLECULES TEST (50 points total) MULTIPLE CHOICE Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question (1 point each) ____ 1. Which statement is true? a. Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides. b. Glycerol is made of fatty acids. c. Polymers are made of monomers. d. Amino acids are made of proteins. ____ 2. Which of the following organic compounds is the main fuel supply for cellular work? a. sugars b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. proteins ____ 3. A carbohydrate made up of two sugar units is a a. monosaccharide. b. disaccharide. c. polysaccharide. d. bisaccharide. ____ 4. The differences between amino acids are in the a. amino groups. b. side chains. c. hydrogen atoms. d. carboxyl groups. ____ 5. Amino acid is to protein as a. fat is to lipid. b. DNA is to RNA. c. sugar is to fat. d. simple sugar is to starch. ____ 6. An example of denaturation is a. an egg white changing to a white solid. b. a protein folding. c. a polypeptide chain forming. d. a chemical reaction taking place with less energy ____ 7. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? a. act as a main fuel for cells b. defend the body from harmful microorganisms c. control chemical reactions in a cell d. build structures such as muscle ____ 8. Without enzymes, living things could not achieve the necessary _____________ to undergo the biochemical reactions necessary for life. a. adhesion energy b. activation energy c. cohesion energy d. chemical energy ____ 9. The reaction that adds a monomer to a chain is called a a. monomer reaction. b. dehydration synthesis reaction. c. hydrolysis reaction. d. polymer reaction. A C B D ____ 10. Which of the following is NOT a steroid? a. A b. B c. C d. D ____ 11. Polysaccharides include a. starch, glycogen, and carbohydrates. b. glucose, glycogen, and cellulose. c. starch, glucose, and cellulose. d. starch, glycogen, and cellulose. ____ 12. Cholesterol is best classified as a a. carbohydrate. b. saturated fat. c. steroid. d. protein. ____ 13. Which of the following food is the BEST example of a carbohydrate consisting of mostly monosaccharides? a. A granola bar c. Lollipop b. White rice d. Steak ____ 14. If many monosaccharides are bonded together in a chain, which of the following substances would be the best example of the resulting polymer? a. Starch c. Triglycerides b. Oil d. Steroids ____ 15. Phospholipids are going to provide which of the following functions? a. Building blocks of DNA. c. Facilitate chemical reactions. b. Building blocks of a cell membrane. d. Structural support for cell walls in plant cells. ____ 16. What 2 monomers make up triglycerides? a. Proteins and amino acids b. Proteins and Nucleotides c. Fatty acids and glycerol d. Only monosaccharides ____ 17. What type of organic molecules are involved in the reaction above? a. Proteins c. Proteins b. Lipids d. Carbohydrates ____ 18. What makes the two molecules above isomers? a. they share 13 covalent bonds c. they are atomically the same, but structurally different b. they both have “ane” in their name d. The carbon atoms are aligned in the middle of the molecule ____ 19. What value do phospholipids provide to living things? a. They are a building block of proteins. c. They provide energy to cellular organelles. b. the help create a waterproof barrier in cell d. They reduce activation energy for membranes. chemical reactions ____ 20. Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true? a. Enzymes work best at a specified pH. b. Enzymes are not affected by temperature changes. c. Enzymes are proteins. d. Enzymes are organic catalysts. MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true. (2 points each) ____ 21. The process in which a protein unravels and loses its normal shape is called denaturation. _________________________ ____ 22. Groups and molecules that attract water molecules are known as hydrophilic. _________________________ ____ 23. Specialized carbohydrates in organisms that speed up chemical reactions are called enzymes. _________________________ ____ 24. A group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules is called a functional group. _________________________ ____ 25. Animal cells store excess sugar in the form of a polysaccharide called starch. _________________________ MATCHING: Please match the molecules below to their proper labels (some answers may be used more than once!) (1 point each) a. d. b. e. c. f. ____ 26. saturated triglyceride ____ 27. steroid ____ 28. amino acid ____ 29. oil ____ 30. monosaccharide ____ 31. cellulose ____ 32. unsaturated triglyceride ____ 33. monomer of an enzyme USING SCIENCE SKILLS Using the pictures provided, answer the connected questions. (2 points each) Figure 5-1 34. Analyzing Data According to Figure 5-1, at about what temperature do the two enzymes have the same amount of activity? 35. Predicting Based on Figure 5-1, which enzyme would have the most activity in humans (368C)? 36. Predicting According to Figure 5-1, which enzyme would you expect to find in a bacterium growing in a hot spring (90C)? OPEN-ENDED RESPONSES Answer TWO of the each of the following questions in a well-written paragraph. (3 points each) 37. Lactase is the enzyme required to digest lactose, the sugar found in dairy products. If you were to add lactase to a test tube filled with starch, what would happen? 38. What type of reaction is taking place in this image? How do you know? What reaction would need to take place in the above diagram in order to separate the product into two monomers? 39. The molecular formula for melibiulose, a disaccharide, is C12H22O11. It is formed by the combination of fructose and glucose, both of which have the molecular formula of C6H12O6. Explain the discrepancy in the formula for melibiulose. 40. This is an actual picture of a lunch I had a long time ago here at CHS. There is a salad with chicken, walnuts, crasins, lettuce, and orange slices; regular salad dressing, a bagel, two regular sodas, and a donut. You are the school’s new assistant nutritionist. Specify THREE different ways I can reduce my carbohydrate intake. BIOCHEMISTRY & MACROMOLECULES TEST (50 points total) Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: C A B B D A A B B D D C C A B C D C B B PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 21. ANS: T 22. ANS: T 23. ANS: F, proteins PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 24. ANS: T 25. ANS: F, glycogen PTS: 1 PTS: 1 MATCHING 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: B A F B C PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 31. ANS: E 32. ANS: D 33. ANS: F PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 OTHER 34. ANS: about 47C PTS: 1 35. ANS: enzyme X PTS: 1 36. ANS: enzyme Y PTS: 1 SHORT ANSWER 37. ANS: nothing. Starch is a polysaccharide. No effect by lactase, which works on lactose, which is a disaccharide PTS: 1 38. ANS: dehydration synthesis. production of water AND creation of disaccarhide from two monomers. PTS: 1 39. ANS: removal of water accounts for different formula. PTS: 1 40. ANS: stuff PTS: 1
