1A..SIMPLE DIAGRAM OF A HUB AND A SWITCH
hub is a node that broadcasts data to every computer or Ethernet-based device connected to it. A switch
is a device that channels incoming data from any one of multiple input ports to the specific output port
that will take it toward its intended destination.
B. Networking model for 60 user, considering( LAN ), because (LAN) is a network model that
interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university
campus or office building. And 60 users is enough to fill a connection of LAN.
C. . The difference between workgroups and domains is how resources on the network
are managed. Computers on home networks are usually part of a workgroup, and
computers on workplace networks are usually part of a domain. Some features of work
group,
There are typically no more than twenty computers.
A workgroup is not protected by a password.
Whilst , There can be thousands of computers in a domain.
The computers can be on different local network.
2.
3.IN wireless networking HIDDEN TERMINAL problem occurs when two nodes that are outside
each other’s range performs simultaneous transmission to a node that is within the range of them
resulting in a collision .
Whilst, in EXPOSED TERMINAL problem occurs when the node is within the range of a node that is
transmitting and it cannot be transmitted to any node.
4.ai.it uses a three-way handshake to establish a reliable connection.(THREE-WAY CONNECTION)
ii.the computer communicate over the (TCP) can send and receive data at the same time,also similar to
a telephone conversation.
iii.
TCP/IP uses the client-server model of communication in which a user or machine (a client) is provided a
service, like sending a webpage, by another computer (a server) in the network.
Collectively, the TCP/IP suite of protocols is classified as stateless, which means each client request is
considered new because it is unrelated to previous requests. Being stateless frees up network paths so
they can be used continuously.
The transport layer itself, however, is stateful. It transmits a single message, and its connection remains
in place until all the packets in a message have been received and reassembled at the destination.
B.
ROUTERS send data to a specific location based on a address for the network segment. The benefit is
the ability for a router to search routing tables and find the shortest path to the destination. The
downside to routers is that they are protocol dependent and therefore can only route data between
network segments using the same protocol. Today this is a moot because everyone uses TCP/IP and has
an open architecture whilst A GATEWAY is often associated with both a router, which knows where
to direct a given packet of data that arrives at the gateway, and a switch, which furnishes the actual path
in and out of the gateway for a given packet.
5.
There are three possible ways of data exchange. These are:
1.
Simplex: in this, data is transmitted in one direction only. this means one end will always be a
transmitter and the other end will always be a receiver.
2.
HALF-DUPLEX: in this, data is permitted to flow in either direction, but not simultaneously.
At a given time, the transmission can take place only in one direction.
3. Full-duplex: A transmission system in which data can be transmitted in both directions
simultaneously.