Controlling systems- practice test Question 1: Label the diagram below to explain what aspects of our body each of the three main segments of the brain control. Also, add the endocrine gland that is attached to the brain. Question 2a: What is faster, a reflex action or a normal movement, justify your answer. 2b: Name a situation where our reflex actions can keep us safe. Question 3: Draw a labelled diagram of two neurons and the connections between them; include the following parts- axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, cell body, synapse, neurotransmitter. Question 4: Name the main functions of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus. Question 5: Label or highlight the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system on the diagram to the left. Question 6: Draw arrows to connect the controlling system with the individual organs... Nervous system Glands Endocrine system Neurons/ nerves Question 7: While running a marathon muscles in a human body generate huge amounts of heat, this must be removed to ensure survival. Suggest four ways this heat is removed from the body? 1 2 3 4 Question 8: The endocrine system consists of glands that distribute what into the body’s bloodstream? Name two examples of these substances. Question 9: What is diffusion? Outline one example of diffusion in the human body, explain what substance(s) are diffused and where? Question 10: Homeostasis is the process maintaining a constant internal temperature in the human body. Name three substances and two hormones that play a part in controlling our internal temperature? Substance 1 Substance 2 Substance 3 Hormone 1 Hormone 2 Question 11: Draw arrows to connect the endocrine gland to its appropriate role in the body. Pituitary Gland Produces the hormone oestrogen, controls female sexual development. Adrenal Gland Produces insulin & glycogen that control levels of blood sugar in the body. Thyroid Produces epinephrine/ adrenalin which increases readiness for activity. Pancreas Produces thyroxine, which decreases metabolism. Ovaries Produces ADH that regulates the levels of water released in the blood. Question 12: What is metabolism? At which temperature is metabolism in Humans most efficient? Question 13: If you burn your hand in a flame you will move your hand without even thinking about your reaction. This is known as a reflex action. Why does this kind of action occur so quickly? Question 14: Define the following words… Receptor: Stimulus: Effector: Enzyme: Question 15: The diagram below shows the nervous system including the connections between the nerves and the spinal cord. What would be the possible effect on a person of an injury that cut the cord at… a) The lower spinal cord (position L3) b) The upper spinal cord (position C6) c) The centre of the brain stem (position B1) d) What would be the effect of an injury which destroyed part of the cerebrum? Question 16: What is the role of the blood in the body? What substances does it transport? What does the heart do?
