How to solve the climate
change problem?
Environmental Studies SC 209
-By Group 38
“Climate change is a terrible problem, and
it absolutely needs to be solved. It
deserves to be a huge priority.”
-Bill Gates
TABLE OF CONTENTS
01
03
What is Climate &
Climate Change?
What Causes
Climate Change?
02
Climate Change As
A Threat
04
How Can We Solve
Climate Change and
their adverse
effects?
01
01
What is Climate &
Climate Change?
Definition of weather and climate and
difference between them & climate
change.
Weather
The day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere at a
place with respect to elements like humidity,
temperature, wind speed, rainfall, etc. is called the
weather of that place. Weather can be cloudy,
sunny, rainy, stormy, or clear.
Climate
Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a
particular area. Weather can change from
hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or
even year-to-year. A region’s weather patterns,
usually tracked for at least 30 years, are
considered its
climate.
Difference between weather and climate
Weather
Climate
Weather reflects short-term
conditions of the
atmosphere.
climate is the average daily
weather for an extended period of
time at a certain location.
Climate Change
What is Climate Change?
Climatic Change
●
Climate change is a change in the average
temperature and cycles of weather over a long period
of time.
●
Since 1880, scientists have kept thermometer-based
records of the global surface temperature.
●
The global temperature is increasing and therefore the
planet is becoming warmer and the climate is
changing.
Global Surface Temperature
In earth science, global
surface temperature is
calculated by averaging
the temperature at the
surface of the sea and air
temperature over land. In
technical writing,
scientists call long-term
changes in GST global
cooling or global
warming. Periods of both
have happened regularly
throughout earth's history.
Global average temperature datasets from NASA, NOAA, Berkeley Earth, and
meteorological offices of the U.K. and Japan, show substantial agreement
concerning the progress and extent of global warming: all pairwise correlations
exceed 98%.
Climate Change
& the Carbon
Cycle
Climate Change
As A Threat
Effect of Climate change on Earth
02
Effect of Climate Change On Earth
The warming of the atmosphere
affects weather patterns,
causing more frequent and
severe storms and droughts
across many global regions.
Higher temperatures are
affecting the length of seasons
and in some places, are already
crossing safe levels for
ecosystems and humans .
Effect of Climate Change On Earth
Sea levels are rising and oceans
are becoming warmer. Longer,
more intense droughts threaten
crops, wildlife and freshwater
supplies. From polar bears in the
Arctic to marine turtles off the
coast of Africa, our planet’s
diversity of life is at risk from the
changing climate.
Effect of Climate Change On Earth
Climate change affects
ocean habitats by lowering
oxygen, decreasing
phytoplankton (little plants
that serve as the base of
marine food chains) and
killing coral reefs.
03
What Causes
Climate
Change?
What is Greenhouse effect?
Greenhouse
effect
The main driver of climate change is the
greenhouse effect. Some gases in the
Earth's atmosphere act a bit like the glass
in a greenhouse, trapping the sun's heat
and stopping it from leaking back into
space and causing global warming.
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
CHEMICAL NAME
DURATION
CONTRIBUTION
Carbon dioxide
125 years
57 %
Methane
12 years
16 %
Halocarbons
50 000 years
11 %
Ozone
1 day
10 %
Nitrous oxide
120 years
5%
Water vapour
-
Tiny
What Causes Greenhouse effect?

Human activities are increasing the concentrations of some of the
naturally occurring greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These gases are
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, fluorinated gases.

Increasing livestock farming. Cows and sheep produce large amounts of
methane when they digest their food.

Fluorinated gases are emitted from equipment and products that use
these gases. Such emissions have a very strong warming effect, up to
23,000 times greater than CO2.
What Causes Greenhouse effect?

Burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas produces carbon dioxide and
nitrous oxide for heating and cooking purposes, generating electricity ,etc
releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Cutting down forests (deforestation). Trees help to regulate the climate by
absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. Due to deforestation, it releases
carbon dioxide and reduces the number of trees able to absorb carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere.
How Can We Solve
Climate Change and
their adverse
effects?
Efforts to Solve Climate Change Problem
04
How Can We Solve
Climate Change?
●
The core to solve all climate change problems is
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
●
Since forests and oceans play the most
important role in regulating our climate, it
increases the natural ability of forests and
oceans to absorb carbon dioxide which can help
to stop global warming.
Some of the important ways to solve the adverse effects of
climatic changes
1
2
3
To Keep Fossil Fuels In
The Ground
Invest In Renewable
Energy
Switch to sustainable
transport
Almost 60% of oil and gas
reserves and 90% of coal must
remain in the ground to keep
global warming below 1.5C
which will help the world avoid
the most dangerous effects of
climate change.
These include technologies like
solar, wind, wave, tidal and
geothermal power.
These include green vehicles
which are intended to have less
environmental impact than
other vehicles using fossil fuels
and electrical vehicles which
has the potential to reduce
carbon dioxide emissions and
other harmful emissions.
Some of the important ways to solve the adverse effects of
climatic changes
4
5
6
Protect the oceans
Restore Nature
Reduce Plastic
The ocean absorbs 93% of heat
trapped by rising green house
gas emissions and takes up to
30% of carbon emissions from
the atmosphere which helps to
keep our climate stable but
many are overfished as they
are used for oil and gas drilling
or threatened by deep sea
mining.
Planting more and more trees
in the right places as well as
giving land back to our nature
through rewilding will help to
restore nature.
Plastic is derived from
materials such as ethylene and
propylene made from fossil
fuels which are oil and gas. The
process of extracting, refining
and turning oil into plastic
results in emission of
greenhouse gases.
Group Members
Name
Student id
NISARG ASHOK KUMAR JADAV
202001010
VAGHANI OM KISHORBHAI
202001015
M M AJEYA
202001036
DHRUV ALKESH CHOKSHI
202001049
MEHAK RAINA
202001220
Group Members
Name
Student id
DEVARSH HITESHBHAI NAGRECHA
202001224
PATEL AYUSH SANJAYBHAI
202001410
BHAVSAR SMIT PRAKASHKUMAR
202001464
PATEL PATHIK RAKESH
202003002
Thank You