CLASSES OF BACTERIA
GRAM-POSITIVE
Bacteria
Commonly found in
Staphylococci &
streptococci
Skin and wound infections
Staph, Enterococci,
corynebacterial
Line related infection
Clostridia
Gangrenous wound
infections, abdominal
infections
Common treatment
Vancomycin, Teicoplanin,
Gentamicin (staphylococci
only). Resistant to:
Cephalosporins, metronidazole
(except clostridia)
GRAM-NEGATIVE
Bacteria
Commonly found in
Common treatment
The Coliform bacteria;
E. Coli, Klebsiella,
Enterobacter,
salmonella
The gut, UTI, it can also cause
ventilator associated
pneumonia, wound infection,
biliary tract infection, septicemia
Cephalosporins, gentamicin,
ciprofloxacin, tazocin,
imipenem, trimethoprim
Resistant to: amoxicillin
Pseudomonas
Moist environments - chronic
ulcers. Catheters, pneumonia,
septicemia, CF, bronchiectasis
Aminoglycosidedes, cipro,
tazocin, imipenem
Resistant to: Most other AB’s
Bacteroids- anaerobic
bacteria
Intra-abdominal infections,
soft tissue infection below
the waist
Metronidazole, coamoxiclav,
imipenem, Tazocin, clindamycin
Resistant to: Benylpenicillin,
amoxicillin, cefuroxime,
gentamicin, quinolones,
macrolides
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