Detailed Lesson Plan in English Grade 9, Third Quarter April 19, 2022 I. Objectives At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students with at least 85% level of proficiency shall be able to: a. recognize the use of gerunds and infinitives in the sentence, b. construct sentence using gerunds and infinitives; and c. collect ideas in constructing sentence with verbals such as infinitives and gerund II. Learning Competency: a. Use Verbals (EN9G-IIIe-21) III. Subject Matter a. Topic: Types and used of verbals b. Reference: https://www.slideshare.net/shielalabs/g9-english-lesson-exemplar-3rd-quarter c. Material: Laptop, PowerPoint and Printed materials IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity A. PRELIMINARIES 1. Greetings Good morning, class. How are you today? Good to hear that. Now, let us start We are good Ma’am. our day with a prayer. 2. Prayer (The teacher will ask one student to lead the prayer) 3. Attendance Before we start our lesson for today let’s check your attendance first. I will call your names one by one and you’re just going to raise your hand to state that you’re present. Is my instruction clear? (Student will lead the prayer) (Student will raise their hands.) Very good class, no one is absent today. B. MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY Before we start our lesson let us know first our objectives so, please read our objectives Objectives At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students with at least 85% level of proficiency shall be able to: a. recognize the use of gerund, infinitives and participle in the sentence, b. construct sentence using gerund and infinitives; and c. collect ideas in constructing sentence with verbals such as infinitives, gerund and participle. C. INTRODUCTION OF THE LESSON Before we go to our main lesson for today let us have first define what is verbals? What is verbals? Any idea? Ma’am verbals is a word or words functioning as a verb. Verbals are form of a verb used as an adjective, adverb and noun. Class there are 3 types of verbals: Participles, gerunds and infinitives. Each of them can be used by itself or part of a verbal phrase. 3 TYPES OF VERBALS 1. Infinitives What is infinitive? Can somebody please read what’s in the board? An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the word to plus a verb (in its simplest “stem” form) and functioning as a noun, adjective, or Thank you. Infinitive class is the base form of the verb. An infinitive is a verbal consisting of to + a verb, and it acts like a subject, direct object, subject complement, adjective, or adverb in a sentence. Infinitives are easy to identify because they’re written with to + a verb. And there are two types of infinitives the “to” infinitives and the zero infinitives. But today we are going to focus on the “to” infinitives in which has 3 functions as noun, adjective or a verb. adverb. The term verbal indicates that an infinitive, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. Function of infinitives: Infinitives as Nouns Keep in mind that a noun can be a person, place, or thing. When used as a subject or direct object in a sentence, an infinitive phrase acts as a noun. In such a case, the subject assumes the role of a verb, whereas the direct object is the receiver of the action of a verb. Can somebody please read the example? Example: Can you identify the infinitives in the sentence? Very good. Here “like” is the verb.“to watch” is the infinitive as it receives the action of the verb (to be liked).“to watch” acts as a direct object of the sentence. Here, the infinitive acts as a noun that expresses a thought. I like to watch the moon with Jay. The infinitive Ma’am is “to watch”. Let’s have another example: Niki always wanted to dance at the party. What is the infinitive here? To dance Ma’am. Wanted is the verb and to dance is the infinitive. Very good class. Now let’s move on to the infinitives as adjective An adjective is a word that describes more information about a noun. An infinitive act as an adjective if it modifies or describes a noun in a sentence. Can somebody read the example and please identify the infinitives use in the sentence? Very good. Here “needs” is the verb, and “table” is the subject (noun). “To read” is the infinitive, and it acts as an adjective. Jake needs a table to read on. And the infinitive here “to read”, Ma’am. Another example: The best play to help you understand love is titled Romeo and Juliet. Identify the infinitive used. Very good. In this example, the subject, or the thing being discussed, is a play. We learn more about the play, or it gets modified, by It’s “to help” the phrase “to help you understand romance.” Now, we know it’s not just a play. It’s a play that details romance. Finally, we have our last one, the adverb. The most popular definition of an adverb is a word that modifies a verb. But they can also provide further information about adjectives and other adverbs. Let’s take a look at this example: June walked to breathe in some fresh air. What is the infinitive here? Correct! Here, “to breathe in some fresh air” is modifying the verb “walked.” It’s giving us more information about why he took this action. Ma’am “to breathe” (Student will give an example) Can somebody give an example? Seems like you really understand the lesson about infinitives now let’s move on to gerunds. (Student’s will give an example) What’s a gerund? Right away this is confusing right? As you are used to seeing that form as the continuous/progressive form of the verb (“she A gerund is the noun form of a verb that ends in -ing. For example, playing, dancing, eating is eating”, “they were dancing”). However, a gerund is a noun, and is the subject or object of the sentence. Examples are “Cooking is my favorite hobby” (subject), or “I hate studying” (object). Whenever there are two verbs together, one right after the other, the second verb must be in either the gerund form or the infinitive form. What I mean is, we can never say “They wanted go” or “They like run.” The second verb has to change, and the first verb dictates what form the second verb will be. To make these sentences correct, we have to say “They wanted to go” or “They like running” or “They like to run.” But why? And why can’t we say, “they wanted going”? The simplest answer is, because there are certain rules we have to follow. So, let’s take a look at some of the clear-cut rules when it comes to gerunds and infinitives. Rule #1: Some verbs must be followed by gerunds Let’s start with the verb enjoy, because it’s perhaps the one you are most familiar with. We must say “He enjoys dancing at the party” (Student’s will give an example) Now your turn class give me an example. Use the verb enjoy + the gerund. Very good. Now for the second rule. Rule #2: Some verbs must be followed by infinitives Now we are going to use the verb need because it may be the most common. Can somebody read the sentence please? She needed to sell her house. Very good. we cannot say “She needed selling her house.” Because that is incorrect. To sell Now, your turn give me an example. Using the verb want Very good. Rule #3: Some verbs can be followed by both gerunds and infinitives with no change in meaning. Now we are going to use the verb hate. Using gerund “I hate washing dishes.” I love watching Korean drama. In infinitives “I hate to wash the dishes” I love to watch Korean drama. This is the easiest category, because it really doesn’t matter, the meaning is exactly equal. Now your turn to create a gerund and infinitive sentence using this rule. You may use the verb “love” Stop + gerund He stopped smoking. Very good class. Now for the last rule. Stop + infinitives Rule #4: Some verbs can be followed by both gerunds and infinitives but the meaning changes. He stopped to smoke. Can somebody read the example please? This means he smoked for a time but then he quit. This means that he took a break from something else he was doing to have a cigarette. I’ll give another example so that you won’t get confused. Remember+ gerund She remembers calling her friend Remember + infinitives She remembered to call her friend She called her friend and she remembers that she did She had a list of things to do, calling her friend was one of them, and she did it. A participle is the present progressive tense (ing) or the past tense (-ed) of a verb used as an adjective. A special note class that gerund is used for things that have already happened. And infinitive is used for things that (could) still happen. Now let’s move on the third type of verbals. What is participle? Present progressive tense (-ing) Example: The crying baby reached for his mother. Here, crying (a form of the verb to cry) is an adjective describing the noun baby. The past tense (-ed) Example: Frightened, the panicking boy jumped away from the spider. Frightened, the past participle of the verb to frighten, describes the noun boy. Panicking is the present participle form of the verb, to panic. It modifies the noun boy. D. APPLICATION Directions: In the following paragraph, verbals are underlined. Above each of these words, identify what kind of verbal it is—gerund, participle, or infinitive. The first one has been done for you. Tiffany, bored with the usual presents, asked for a pet for her birthday. Walking a dog of her own had been her dream for a long time. A poodle puppy wagging its tail in a pet store caught her eye. Hoping for this pet, Tiffany went to the store every day to look at the beloved pup. On her birthday, Tiffany and her mom hurried to the store to buy the poodle. Tiffany named the excited puppy Inglebert, which means “unusually intelligent.” Playing fetch and teaching Inglebert new tricks now take up much of Tiffany’s time.